KR101382268B1 - Manufacturing apparatus of fuel pellet - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a fuel pellet by using twigs and leaves. The apparatus for manufacturing a fuel pellet includes a first frame having a hopper installing unit; a hopper inserted and fixed in the hopper installing unit; a first crusher which is located at the lower part of the hopper and crushes the supplied twigs and leaves to manufacture a first crushed material; a first conveyer which is slantly arranged and moves the first crushed material crushed by the first crusher; an infrared ray dryer which is located on the first conveyer and dries the first crushed material; a second frame located to be opposite to the first frame; a second crusher which is coupled to the upper side of the second frame, receives the first crushed material dropped from the first conveyer and crushes the same to manufacture a second crushed material; and a second conveyer which is located in the lower part of the second frame and receives and moves the second crushed material discharged from the second crusher. The apparatus for manufacturing a fuel pellet creates high added value by utilizing waste resources.

Description

Manufacturing apparatus of fuel pellets

The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing fuel pellets using wood, and more particularly, to a technique for manufacturing fuel pellets using twigs and leaves which have little utility.

Korea is an energy-consuming country that relies on imports for 95% of its energy demand, and spends about 25% of its total imports on energy imports. It is emerging.

Alternative energy sources include solar, wind, hydro and nuclear, but biomass fuels are also recognized as important alternatives. In particular, wood-based biomass pellets have been analyzed to have a reduction effect of about 1/27 of NOx and SO2 emissions compared to petroleum combustion during combustion, and thus are attracting attention as a useful means for coping with climate change and reducing greenhouse gases.

In Korea, the amount of available wood by-products generated as a result of deforestation or tree renewal is 704 million m3 per year, and only 317 million m3 is actually used. In addition, the forest by-products discarded after logging are over 1 million㎥ annually.

The damages and risks associated with the accumulation of wood by-products in forests are significant. Wood by-products increase the risk of forest fires and erode the space for planting trees, so there is a high need for proper treatment of wood by-products.

In this respect, there is a need for a method for recycling wood by-products, and there will be many advantages if the wood by-products can be manufactured as fuel pellets and supplied to industrial or general households.

Wood fuel, wood pellets, wood brackets, charcoal as a solid fuel, bio oil or bio ethanol as a liquid fuel, syngas as a gaseous fuel.

In particular, wood pellets are produced through the process of shaping and compressing sawdust or wood and waste wood uniformly and molding into pellets. Until now, wood pellets using waste twigs or leaves have not been manufactured.

The main reason why the production of pellets using twigs or leaves was not established was the high water content and the difficulty of crushing finely.

As a related art of the present invention, there was a "apparatus and method for manufacturing environmentally friendly fuel pellets using wood" of Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2012-0091524 (published Aug. 20, 2012).

The manufacturing apparatus of the prior art is a swelling device for swelling the sawdust by the input of sawdust, a rice bran feeding device for supplying rice bran to the swelling device to be mixed with the swelling sawdust, and mixing and expanding the sawdust by the conveying conveyor It comprises a pellet manufacturing apparatus for packaging.

The prior art is to use the sawdust to mix the water in the sawdust and mix the rice bran to extrude and cool to produce the expanded sawdust pellets,

However, as the demand for sawdust increases, it is more expensive to obtain sawdust and there is a problem that by-products such as twigs and leaves cannot be used.

1. Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0091524 (2012.08.20 published)

Accordingly, the present invention is to provide a pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel that can provide wood pellets using the twigs or leaves that were not properly utilized.

In particular, the present invention is to dry the twigs or leaves with high moisture content effectively, and to provide a basis for producing pellets for fuel having excellent characteristics by effectively crushing branches and leaves that are not easy to break down finely.

Fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the problem as described is a fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing fuel pellets using the branches and leaves, the first frame hopper is installed; A hopper inserted into and fixed to the hopper installation end; A first crusher which makes a primary crushed object by crushing branches and leaves provided at a lower side of the hopper; A first conveyor disposed in an inclined form to move the primary crushed object by the first crusher; An infrared dryer provided on an upper side of the first conveyor and drying the primary crushed material by infrared rays; A second frame provided on an opposite side of the first frame; A second crusher coupled to an upper surface of the second frame, the second crusher receiving the primary crushed product falling from the first conveyor and finely crushed to form a secondary crushed product; And a second conveyor disposed in the lower space of the second frame to receive and move the secondary debris discharged from the second crusher.

In addition, the first crusher, the drive shaft and the driven shaft is connected to the gear is interlocked, a plurality of rotary cutters are coupled at equal intervals to each of the drive shaft and the driven shaft, the rotary cutter of the drive shaft and the rotary cutter of the driven shaft Is characterized by being staggered with each other.

And the rotary cutters coupled to each of the drive shaft and the driven shaft are characterized in that the position of the cutter blade between the adjacent rotary cutters are formed differently.

The second crusher has a lower case, an inlet formed in an upper side thereof, and a case formed of an upper case rotatable with respect to the lower case; Two holders are provided, and each holder is formed of a plurality of unit holders formed in an axial direction, and a hammer is fitted to each of the unit holders, and is constrained by a hammer pin.

And the first frame is formed high from the ground, the foot is provided for the operator's entry is provided, the hopper mounting end is provided on one side of the foot is provided, the first crusher in the lower space of the first frame A first crusher support for mounting is provided, and a discharge chute is formed in the first crusher support to drop the primary crushed material discharged from the first crusher into the first conveyor.

And it is characterized in that a plurality of liners protruding at a distance apart from the inner surface of the lower case and the upper case is provided.

And the hopper is characterized in that the vibration generating means is provided so that the twigs and leaves to be introduced fall down without stagnant.

And the infrared dryer, characterized in that the moisture sensor is provided to check the moisture content of the primary shredding material so that the drying time is automatically set.

And the pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel, is provided with a molding unit for molding the pellets to a standard size and shape by compressing the secondary crushed material that is moved through the second conveyor, the pellets formed through the molding unit in the packaging Characterized in that it is packaged in a prescribed weight.

Pellet production apparatus for fuel according to the present invention has the effect that can be pelletized by effectively crushing and drying the twigs or leaves that were difficult to pelletize, recycling the resources, can be utilized as a new alternative energy.

And the present invention will be able to create a new profit model by manufacturing and supplying fuel pellets from waste twigs or leaves that can be contributed to more effective management of forests, and can also help forest fire prevention, etc. There are many effects.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front configuration diagram of the main part of the pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel of the present embodiment.
3 is a plan view of FIG.
Figure 4 is an installation state of the first crusher mounted on the first crusher support.
5 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the internal structure of the first crusher.
6 is a coupled state of the rotary cutter.
7 is an exemplary view of a rotary cutter.
8 is a layout view when combining neighboring rotary cutters.
9 is a sectional view of a second crusher;
10 is a side sectional view of a second crusher;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention in the drawings, portions not related to the description are omitted, and like reference numerals are given to similar portions throughout the specification.

Whenever a component is referred to as "including" an element throughout the specification, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements, not the exclusion of any other element, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of a fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a main portion of the pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel of this embodiment 3 is a front configuration diagram, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2. 4 is a state diagram of the installation of the first crusher mounted on the first crusher support, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the first crusher, Figure 6 is a coupling state diagram of the rotary cutter. Figure 7 is an exemplary view of a rotary cutter, Figure 8 shows a layout when coupling the neighboring rotary cutter. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the second crusher, Figure 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the second crusher.

The fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is for producing wood pellets that can create added value by using twigs and leaves, and conventionally, twigs or leaves can be used as a new fuel that has been mostly disposed of. There are technical features.

The manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is a main component, the first frame 100, the hopper 200, the first crusher 300, the first conveyor 400, the infrared dryer 500, the second frame 600, the first It comprises a two crusher 700 and the second conveyor (800).

On the other hand, the fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention may be formed after the second conveyor 800 by forming the forming unit 900 and the packaging unit 1000 may be configured as a system from the input of raw materials to the final production of pellets. have.

Hopper installation end 110 is provided in the first frame 100, specifically, the first frame 100 is formed high from the ground, the footrest 120 is provided so that the operator can enter, the footrest from the ground ( Step 120 is also provided to allow the worker to climb to 120. And the hopper installation end 110 which is opened up and down on one side of the scaffold 120 is provided.

The hopper 200 is installed in the hopper installation end 110, the hopper 200 is formed in the upper side is wide and narrow, the hopper 200 in this embodiment is to form a rectangular cross-sectional shape. From the top of the hopper 200 is introduced twigs or leaves which are raw materials.

In order to install the hopper 200 on the hopper installation end 110, the connection bracket 210 is provided on the outer surface near the upper end of the hopper 200 to connect the connection bracket 210 to the edge of the hopper installation end 110. To a fixed connection.

And the shape of the hopper 200 in the cross-sectional square shape in this embodiment is to prevent the tree branch introduced into the hopper 200 is not caught in the hopper to move well downward. More preferably, the hopper 200 may be provided with a vibration generating means 220 to periodically operate the vibration generating means 220 to shake the hopper 200. When the vibration generating unit 220 is operated, the branches or leaves that are stagnant in the hopper may be smoothly dropped downward while the hopper 200 is generally shaken.

The first crusher 300 is provided at the lower side of the hopper 200, and the first crusher 300 functions to crush the branches and leaves discharged from the hopper 200 to make the primary crushed material.

Specifically, the first crusher 300 has a housing 310, the upper end of the housing 310 is connected to the lower end of the hopper 2000 so that branches and the like are supplied to the first crusher 300, and the crushed primary The crushed object is discharged below the first crusher 300.

The drive shaft 320 and the driven shaft 330 are disposed in parallel with each other in the housing 310, and the drive shaft 320 and the driven shaft 330 are connected to and interlocked by a gear 340. The drive shaft 320 is rotated by a motor (not shown), and the driven shaft 330 receives a rotational force from the drive shaft 320 to be interlocked with each other.

The plurality of rotation cutters C are coupled to each of the driving shaft 320 and the driven shaft 330 at equal intervals, and the rotation cutter C of the driving shaft 320 and the rotation cutter C of the driven shaft 330 are Assembled to form a cross shape with each other.

Each rotary cutter (C) has a plurality of sharp cutter blade (C1), as shown in the center, the center hole (C2) that can be fitted to the drive shaft 320 or driven shaft 330 is formed in the center, the center In the hole C2, a key fixing part C3 for key insertion is formed.

In particular, in the present invention, the rotary cutters C coupled to the driving shaft 320 or the driven shaft 330 allow the cutter blades C1 to be formed differently between neighboring rotary cutters C. Therefore, the key fixing part C3 of the rotary cutters C is formed at different positions, so that when the respective rotary cutters C are coupled to the key grooves K formed on the driving shaft 320 or the driven shaft 330, the neighboring cutters The cutter blade (C1) between the rotary cutter (C) to be in a different position.

In the present invention, so that the position of the cutter blade (C1) between the rotating cutter (C) of the first crusher (300) between neighboring rotary cutter (C) is related to the characteristics of the branches or leaves to be crushed. Twigs and leaves are not easy to crush finely with a conventional rotary cutter, because they are thin, thin, elastic and have high moisture content and are not easily cut.

In the present invention, the cutter blades (C1) of the neighboring rotary cutters (C) in different positions by allowing the branches or leaves to be subjected to a greater shear force between the neighboring rotary cutters (C) to improve the crushing efficiency Try to maximize it.

In order to install the first crusher 300 under the hopper 200, the present embodiment provides a first crusher support 350 for mounting the first crusher 300 in the lower space of the first frame 100. The first crusher 300 is mounted on the upper surface of the first crusher support 350, and the discharge chute 351 connected to the first crusher 300 is provided on the first crusher support 350 to be crushed. The primary crushed material is allowed to fall downward along the discharge chute 351.

The primary crushed material produced by the first crusher 300 falls on the first conveyor 400 positioned below the first crusher 300 along the discharge chute 351. The primary crushed material supplied to the first conveyor 400 moves on the first conveyor 400.

An infrared dryer 500 is provided over a portion of the first conveyor 400. The infrared dryer 500 is disposed on the upper side of the first conveyor 400, and emits infrared rays toward the primary crushed material conveyed by the first conveyor 400 so that rapid drying occurs.

Preferably, the moisture content of the primary crushed material is dried by using the infrared dryer 500 to be about 20%. For this purpose, a moisture sensor 510 is provided in the infrared dryer 500 to enter the infrared dryer 500. The water content of the primary crush is automatically measured.

When the moisture content of the primary crushed product is measured by the moisture sensor 510, the measured value is transmitted to a controller (not shown), and the controller controls the feed rate of the first conveyor 400 to be 20% of the target moisture content through automatic calculation. And to control the intensity of the infrared dryer 500.

The second frame 600 is provided on the opposite side of the first frame 100, the second frame 600 is also installed to achieve a predetermined height from the ground, the footrest 610 and the stairs 620 for the operator is provided .

The second crusher 700 is coupled to an upper surface of the second frame 600, and the second crusher 700 is moved by the first conveyor 400 to more finely crush the dried primary crushed material to remove the secondary crushed material. It works to make.

In detail, the second crusher 700 includes a case 710, a rotation shaft 720, a holder 730, and a hammer 740, and the case 710 includes a lower case 710a and an upper case 710b. ) Is a combination of

The lower case 710a is fixedly mounted on an upper surface of the second frame 600, and an upper case 710b is provided to open and close in a rotatable form with respect to the lower case 710a, and an upper side of the upper case 710b. Inlet 711 is formed.

A rotating shaft 720 is provided inside the case 710, and both ends of the rotating shaft 720 protrude out of the case 710 to be rotated by the power of the motor while being supported by a bearing.

The outer surface of the rotating shaft 720 is provided with a plurality of holders 730 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, in the present embodiment, six holders 730 are coupled to the rotating shaft 720 at an angle of 60 degrees. Each holder 730 is formed of a plurality of unit holders 731 formed in a straight line in the axial direction.

Each of the unit holders 731 is paired to form a fitting groove, and the hammer 740 is fitted into the fitting groove and is constrained and connected by the hammer pin 750. The hammer pin 750 is like a long rectangular plate, and one hammer pin 750 is inserted into each holder 730 to allow the hammers 740 to be fixed by one hammer pin 750.

In the second crusher 700, the first crushed material is pulverized more finely. The first crushed material is crushed finely by friction between the inner surface of the case 710 and the hammer pin 740. In particular, since the primary crushed material produced by the first crusher 300 is dried to have a water content of about 20% by the infrared dryer 500 and then introduced into the second crusher 700, the second crusher 700 The pulverization that takes place can be done very effectively.

In order to facilitate the grinding operation of the second crusher 700, a plurality of liners 712 are preferably provided on each inner surface of the lower case 710a and the upper case 710b to protrude at a distance. The liners 712 are elongated rectangular cross-sectional bar shapes are suitable and protrude at regular intervals, so as to make a predetermined distance from the end of the hammer 740.

Primary shreddings placed between the plurality of liners 712 and hammers 740 provided on the inner surfaces of the lower case 710a and the upper case 710b may be pulverized very finely.

The second conveyor 800 is disposed in the lower space of the second frame 600, and the second conveyor 800 receives and moves the secondary crushed material discharged from the second crusher 700.

Secondary debris falling to the second conveyor 800 is moved to the second conveyor 800, and then injected into the molding unit 900, the molding unit 900 by compressing the secondary debris in the standard size and shape Will make pellets. In addition, the pellets molded into a predetermined shape and size by the molding unit 900 are packaged at a prescribed weight in the packing unit 1000, thereby completing the manufacture of fuel pellets.

The pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel according to the present invention can provide a basis for mass production of wood pellets, which are attracting attention as alternative energy, by effectively grinding the twigs or leaves that have been disposed of due to difficulty in grinding. Its usefulness is great.

The overall operation principle, the twigs or leaves that are the raw material of the fuel pellets are introduced into the hopper 200, the primary crushed by the first crusher 300, the primary crushed the first conveyor (400) In the process of moving in a) is dried by the infrared dryer 500 to a proper moisture content.

The dried primary crushed material is introduced into the second crusher 700 to be crushed once again, and the second crusher 700 makes the secondary crushed material by pulverizing the primary crushed material more finely.

The secondary crushed material is dropped and moved to the second conveyor 800, and made into pellets in a predetermined shape and size while passing through the molding unit 900, and the manufactured pellets are finally packed and shipped from the packing unit 1000. Becomes possible.

That is, the fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can form a system in one continuous line from the input of the raw material to the final packaging to achieve high productivity, and the structure of the first crusher, the second crusher Finely crushing twigs or leaves allows the production of high quality fuel pellets.

The foregoing description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be.

It is therefore to be understood that the embodiments described above are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, in all respects. For example, each component described as a single entity may be distributed and implemented, and components described as being distributed may also be implemented in a combined form.

The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the detailed description and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents are to be construed as being included within the scope of the present invention do.

The fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention may be provided as a facility for producing wood pellets, and is particularly suitable for use in producing pellets based on twigs or leaves.

100: first frame 110: hopper mounting stage
120: scaffold 130: stairs
200: Hopper 210: connection bracket
220: vibration generating means 300: first crusher
310 housing 320 drive shaft
330: driven shaft 340: gear
C: Rotary Cutter C1: Cutter Blade
C2: Center Hall C3: Key High Government
K: Keyway 350: First Crusher Support
351: discharge chute 400: the first conveyor
500: infrared dryer 510: moisture sensor
600: second frame 610: scaffold
620: Stair 700: Second Crusher
710: case 710a: lower case
710b: upper case 711: inlet
712: liner 720: axis of rotation
730: holder 731: unit holder
740: hammer 750: hammer pin
800: second conveyor 900: molding part
1000: packing

Claims (9)

As a pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel for producing fuel pellets using the branches and leaves,
A first frame in which a hopper installation end is formed;
A hopper inserted into and fixed to the hopper installation end;
A first crusher which makes a primary crushed object by crushing branches and leaves provided at a lower side of the hopper;
A first conveyor disposed in an inclined form to move the primary crushed object by the first crusher;
An infrared dryer provided on an upper side of the first conveyor and drying the primary crushed material by infrared rays;
A second frame provided on an opposite side of the first frame;
A second crusher coupled to an upper surface of the second frame, the second crusher receiving the primary crushed product falling from the first conveyor and finely crushed to form a secondary crushed product;
And a second conveyor disposed in the lower space of the second frame to receive and move the secondary debris discharged from the second crusher.
The first crusher is,
The drive shaft and the driven shaft are connected and interlocked by a gear, a plurality of rotary cutters are coupled to each of the drive shaft and the driven shaft at equal intervals, and the rotary cutter of the drive shaft and the rotary cutter of the driven shaft are alternately formed.
Rotating cutters coupled to each of the drive shaft and the driven shaft are formed with different positions of the cutter blades between neighboring rotary cutters,
The second crusher is,
A case including a lower case, an upper opening formed at an upper side thereof, and an upper case rotatable with respect to the lower case;
A rotating shaft,
Coupled to the outer surface of the rotary shaft is provided with a plurality of holders protruding at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, each holder consists of a plurality of unit holders formed in the axial direction,
A hammer is fitted to each of the unit holder, the pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel characterized in that it is restrained by the hammer pin. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the first frame comprises:
It is formed high from the ground, the foot is provided for the operator's entry is provided, the hopper installation end is provided on one side of the footrest is provided,
A first crusher support for mounting the first crusher is provided in the lower space of the first frame, and a discharge chute is formed in the first crusher support to discharge the primary crushed material from the first crusher. A pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel, characterized in that the falling to the conveyor. The method according to claim 1,
A pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel, characterized in that a plurality of liners protruding at a distance apart from the inner surface of the lower case and the upper case is provided. The method according to claim 1,
The hopper is provided with a vibration generating means is a pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel, characterized in that the tree branches and leaves to be introduced fall down without stagnant. The method according to claim 1,
The infrared dryer,
And a moisture sensor is provided to check the moisture content of the primary crushed material so that a drying time is automatically set. The method according to claim 1,
The fuel pellet manufacturing apparatus,
Forming a pellet for molding the pellet to a standard size and shape by compressing the secondary crushed material that is moved through the second conveyor is provided, characterized in that the pellet formed through the molding portion is packed with a prescribed weight in the packaging portion Pellet manufacturing apparatus for fuel.

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