KR101368878B1 - Pretreatment apparatuf for reduction nox in engine - Google Patents

Abstract

A pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxides is disclosed.
Pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation according to an embodiment of the present invention is a device for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides of the hydrogen injection engine, liquefied hydrogen tank for storing the fuel of the hydrogen injection engine; A heat exchanger installed at an intersection point between a supply line serving as a supply path of liquefied hydrogen or BOG (Boil-off Gas) of the liquefied hydrogen tank and an exhaust line serving as an exhaust path of the exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine; And a condensate tank connected to the heat exchanger to store condensed water collected by condensing moisture in the exhaust gas by cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen or BOG, and supplying the condensed water to the hydrogen spray engine.

Description

Pretreatment device to reduce engine nitrogen oxide generation {PRETREATMENT APPARATUF FOR REDUCTION NOX IN ENGINE}

The present invention relates to a pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation that can supply water required by a ship in response to environmental regulations regarding nitrogen oxides of a hydrogen engine.

Many environmental regulations are emerging in order to solve the environmental problems that arise with the development of the industry, and the regulations are tightened in the ship.

In particular, Sox (Sulfate Oxide) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxide) have been intensified among the regulations on ship exhaust pollutants. Recently, the representative greenhouse gas CO2 has also been strengthened since 2013. Regulations will be implemented in conjunction with the

Ultimately, hydrogen fueled by hydrogen is emerging as an alternative to high engine efficiency without generating greenhouse gas (CO2).

In the long run, it is predicted that hydrogen fuel will replace Hydrocarbon fuel.

As such, when the hydrogen engine is used, it may not generate CO 2 as mentioned above, while the high combustion temperature of hydrogen may cause a large amount of NOx.

Research on hydrogen engines reports that hydrogen engines generate twice as much NOx as diesel engines.

In addition, the fact that the exhaust gas has more water (H 2 O) than the diesel engine is also one of the great characteristics.

Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to effectively remove the NOx by using the characteristics of the exhaust gas component of the hydrogen engine.

Even if a hydrogen engine has high engine efficiency and does not generate CO2, if technical preparation is not made against a large amount of NOx generation, it may be a big obstacle in the actual ship engine application. A method for effectively removing a large amount of NOx generation by using characteristics has emerged.

The patent document, which is the background of the invention, heats the externally supplied water for the operation of a clean engine with exhaust gas, and then makes a hydrogen-oxygen mixer in a water decomposition device, and the hydrogen-oxygen mixer is supplied to the injector via the mixer tank. It only discloses a technique for spraying inside the intake port, and does not include a technique for mass-producing water itself without additional energy.

Patent Publication No. 10-2012-0064214

An embodiment of the present invention is to produce condensate through heat exchange between the liquefied hydrogen of the liquefied hydrogen tank or hydrogen fuel, such as BOG (Boil-off Gas) and the exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine, by supplying the produced condensate to the hydrogen injection engine The present invention aims to provide a pretreatment apparatus for reducing the generation of engine nitrogen oxides that can be used for removing nitrogen oxides or for use in ships.

According to an aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides of the hydrogen injection engine, comprising: a liquefied hydrogen tank for storing the fuel of the hydrogen injection engine; A heat exchanger installed at an intersection point between a supply line serving as a supply path of liquefied hydrogen or BOG (Boil-off Gas) of the liquefied hydrogen tank and an exhaust line serving as an exhaust path of the exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine; And a condensate tank connected to the heat exchanger to store condensate collected by condensing moisture in the exhaust gas by cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen or BOG, and generating an engine nitrogen oxide to supply the condensate to the hydrogen injection engine. A pretreatment device for abatement can be provided.

In addition, a condensate supply unit coupled between the hydrogen injection engine and the condensate tank to provide the condensate of the condensate tank to the hydrogen injection engine in response to the moisture demand for nitrogen oxide removal of the hydrogen injection engine. have.

The heat exchanger may include a heat exchange pipe through which the liquefied hydrogen or BOG flows; A water separation unit receiving cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen or BOG from the heat exchange pipe and condensing water vapor of the exhaust gas into condensed water by the cold heat; And it may include a condensate discharge line coupled between the water separator and the condensate tank.

In addition, the heat exchanger, a recovery line coupled to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe; And it may further comprise a reprocessing facility installed in the recovery line.

The condensate tank may further include a distribution line for supplying the condensate to the condensate supply unit.

In addition, the EGR scrubber water supply unit may be connected to the distribution line.

In addition, at least one of the EGR scrubber water supply unit and the fresh water supply unit may be connected to the distribution line.

In addition, the condensed water supply unit may further include an inlet line for supplying the condensed water to the hydrogen injection engine.

The inlet line may include an emulsified oil treatment unit for mixing the condensed water with the fuel for the hydrogen injection engine, a water injection unit for directly injecting the condensed water into a cylinder of the hydrogen injection engine, and the condensed water in the air to be used for the hydrogen injection engine. Any one of the moisture treatment parts to be mixed may be combined.

An embodiment of the present invention is to make and collect condensed water from the exhaust gas containing a large amount of water vapor of the hydrogen injection engine through heat exchange between the liquefied hydrogen of the liquefied hydrogen tank or the exhaust gas of the BOG and the hydrogen injection engine, and the collected condensed water hydrogen injection Condensed water can be produced and supplied to the exhaust gas recirculation (ERG) scrubber water supply unit and fresh water supply unit while satisfying the nitrogen oxide emission regulation by supplying the engine.

This embodiment uses liquefied hydrogen or BOG, which is an exhaust gas heat exchange fluid for recovering water from the hydrogen injection engine to condensate, and thus does not require a separate heat exchange fluid. You can configure it compactly.

In other words, when the working fluid is simply water, an antifreeze, or a general refrigerant, the contact area between the exhaust gas and the working fluid must be increased to increase the water recovery rate in the hydrogen injection engine having a high flow rate and flow rate. Although a heat exchanger is required, the present embodiment uses liquefied hydrogen or BOG as the working fluid, so that a heat exchanger having a high heat exchange efficiency and a compact heat exchanger can be mounted on the ship.

In addition, the present embodiment can mass-produce water for various uses required in ships, as well as removing nitrogen oxides of the hydrogen injection engine while increasing the production efficiency of condensed water by a heat exchanger having a high heat exchange efficiency and compact structure.

That is, the present embodiment can use the condensed water in the condensate tank as EGR scrubber water, and can supply fresh water without using the energy used in the boiler to make fresh water in the vessel.

In particular, the conventional EGR scrubber used sodium hydroxide to neutralize the water previously used in the ship, this embodiment is to supply the condensed water, such as fresh water that does not need neutralization, to the EGR scrubber, thereby reducing the consumption of the conventional sodium hydroxide It is possible to reduce the cost and thus reduce the cost.

1 is a block diagram of a pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a block diagram of a pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the first embodiment includes a liquefied hydrogen tank 100, a heat exchanger 200, a hydrogen injection engine 300, a condensate tank 400, a condensate water supply unit 500, and an EGR scrubber water supply unit 600. It may include a fresh water supply unit 700, reprocessing facility (800).

The liquefied hydrogen tank 100 may be a structure for storing fuel of the hydrogen injection engine 300. The liquefied hydrogen tank 100 further includes an additional facility (not shown) for storing, supplying, and managing liquefied hydrogen, or an additional facility (not shown) for supplying, recovering, and managing BOG generated in the liquefied hydrogen tank 100. It may include.

The liquefied hydrogen tank 100 has a fuel line 101 coupled between the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 and the hydrogen injection engine 300 to be a supply path of the fuel for the hydrogen injection engine 300, and the supply path of the liquefied hydrogen is The first supply line 102 coupled between the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 and the heat exchanger 200, and the second coupled between the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 and the heat exchanger 200 to be a supply path of the BOG. The supply line 103 may include a recovery line 104 coupled between the heat exchanger 200 and the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 to become a recovery path of the liquefied hydrogen or BOG after the heat exchange.

The recovery line 104 is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe 210, and provides a flow path through which the liquefied hydrogen or BOG after the heat exchange can flow to the reprocessing facility 800, other places of use or the liquefied hydrogen tank 100. It can play a role.

The fuel line 101, the first and second supply lines 102 and 103, and the recovery line 104 are controlled to be opened or closed for supplying and blocking a fluid such as liquefied hydrogen or BOG, or to finely control the opening and closing amount. Valves 121, 122, 123, 124 may be coupled.

In the fuel line 101, the first and second supply lines 102 and 103 and the recovery line 104, measurement equipment such as a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a thermometer, and the like, and a controller (not shown) for controlling the measurement equipment. May be installed more.

In addition, the recovery line 104 may be further coupled to the reprocessing facility 800 that can supply the liquefied hydrogen or BOG after the heat exchange to another use, or to recover the liquefied hydrogen tank 100.

For example, the reprocessing facility 800 may be a reliquefaction facility to store the BOG in the liquefied hydrogen tank 100, or may be a vaporization or regasification facility for converting liquefied hydrogen into vaporized water and supplying it to the user.

An exhaust line 310 serving as an exhaust path of the exhaust gas may be coupled between the heat exchanger 200 and the hydrogen injection engine 300.

The exhaust line 310 may be extended to be supplied to the discharge facility or the EGR device via the water separator 220 of the heat exchanger 200.

The heat exchanger 200 is a discharge path of the first and second supply lines 102 and 103 which are liquefied hydrogen of the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 or BOG (Boil-off Gas) and exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine. It may be installed at the intersection of the exhaust line 310 to be.

The heat exchanger 200 may include a plurality of heat exchange pipes 210 through which liquefied hydrogen or BOG flows.

The heat exchange pipe 210 is a kind of heat exchange means, but is not limited thereto, and may be replaced with equivalent means such as a heat exchange plate, a tube, and the like that performs heat exchange.

In addition, the heat exchanger 200 may be coupled to receive the cold heat of liquefied hydrogen or BOG from the heat exchange pipe 210, and may include a water separator 220 to condense and collect the steam of the exhaust gas into condensed water by the cold air. have. The condensed water may be fresh water obtained by condensing water vapor.

In addition, the heat exchanger 200 may include a condensate discharge line 230 coupled between the lower portion of the water separator 220 and the condensate tank 400.

Condensate discharge line 230 may also be further coupled to a control valve (125, 126) or flow meter (not shown) for controlling the supply or blocking of condensate.

The condensate tank 400 may serve to store condensate collected or condensed. To this end, the condensate tank 400 may be connected to the heat exchanger 200, but in more detail coupled to the heat exchanger 200 through the condensate discharge line 230, water separation unit 220 of the heat exchanger 200 Condensate can be supplied from and stored.

The condensate tank 400 may further include a structure for storing condensate, and additional equipment (not shown), such as a drain and a drain line, for supplying and managing the stored condensate.

The condensed water supply unit 500 may serve to provide the condensed water of the condensed water tank 400 to the hydrogen sprayed engine 300 in response to a moisture demand for removing nitrogen oxides from the hydrogen sprayed engine 300.

The condensate supply unit 500 includes a control unit having a condensate supply algorithm that can adjust the amount of condensate to satisfy the moisture demand for nitrogen oxide removal of the hydrogen injection engine 300 or other environmental regulations regarding nitrogen oxide, and the control unit. It may further include a control valve coupled to, and a communication unit connected to the control unit.

In addition, the condensate supply unit 500 may be connected between the hydrogen injection engine 300 and the condensate tank 400, in more detail coupled to the condensate tank 400 through the distribution line 410, condensate tank 400 Condensate can be supplied from the

The distribution line 410 may be understood to collectively refer to a plurality of branch pipes and condensate supply valves and flow meters, etc. branched from the main pipe located downstream of the condensate tank 400. The distribution line 410 may supply condensed water to the condensed water supply unit 500 or may be connected to the EGR scrubber water supply unit 600 and the fresh water supply unit 700.

The condensed water supply unit 500 connected to the distribution line 410 may include an inlet line 510 for supplying condensed water to the hydrogen injection engine 300.

The EGR scrubber water supply unit 600 may serve to process and supply condensed water in a form suitable for an EGR scrubber (not shown) corresponding to an existing facility used in combination with the hydrogen injection engine 300.

The fresh water supply unit 700 may play a role of treating and supplying condensed water in a form suitable for a facility for managing fresh water required in a place where a hydrogen injection engine 300 is installed, such as a ship.

For example, the EGR scrubber water supply unit 600 and the fresh water supply unit 700 may further include additional equipment such as a strainer or a filter unit, a flow meter, a turbidity meter, and may play a role of providing water suitable for use.

Hereinafter, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.

The hydrogen injection engine 300 may generate the engine output by burning the liquefied hydrogen of the liquefied hydrogen tank 100.

As the liquefied hydrogen is burned, exhaust gas containing a large amount of water vapor may be generated in the hydrogen injection engine 300.

The exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine 300 may flow through the exhaust line 310 and the water separator 220 of the heat exchanger 200.

Meanwhile, liquefied hydrogen or BOG from the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 may be supplied to the heat exchange pipe 210 of the heat exchanger 200.

In this case, cold heat of liquefied hydrogen or BOG may be transmitted to the exhaust gas passing through the water separator 220 through the heat exchange pipe 210.

Liquefied hydrogen or BOG, which has delivered cold heat, may be recovered toward the liquefied hydrogen tank 100 through the recovery line 104 and the reprocessing facility 800, or may be supplied and used as a separate place of use.

The water vapor of the exhaust gas that has received the cold heat is condensed and collected at the bottom of the water separator 200, and then stored in the condensate tank 400 through the condensate discharge line 230.

The condensed water stored in the condensate tank 400 may be supplied to the EGR scrubber water supply unit 600 and the fresh water supply unit 700 through the distribution line 410, or may be supplied to the condensate supply unit 500.

The condensed water supply unit 500 adjusts the amount of condensed water corresponding to the amount of condensed water to be supplied to the hydrogen injection engine 300 to satisfy the moisture demand for removing the nitrogen oxides from the hydrogen injection engine 300, that is, the environmental regulations for the nitrogen oxides. It can be supplied to the hydrogen injection engine 300 while adjusting.

In this case, the hydrogen injection engine 300 may reduce the generation of nitrogen oxide by injecting condensate into the engine.

2 is a block diagram of a pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The second embodiment is coupled to the inlet line 510 between the hydrogen injection engine 300 and the condensed water supply unit 500 in addition to the configuration described in detail in the first embodiment, so that the condensed water can be used to remove nitrogen oxides. It may further include a condensate processing means 900 to process the liquefied hydrogen to reduce or suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides in the hydrogen injection engine (300).

The condensate processing means 900 may be connected between an inflow line 510 for receiving condensate and a fuel line 101 for receiving liquefied hydrogen as a fuel. At this time, the discharge side of the condensate processing means 900 may be connected to the fuel inlet side of the hydrogen injection engine (300).

The condensate processing means 900 includes an emulsified oil treatment unit 910 for mixing condensed water with the fuel for the hydrogen injection engine 300, a water jet unit 920 for directly injecting condensate into the cylinder of the hydrogen injection engine 300, It may be composed of any one or a combination of the moisture treatment unit 930 for mixing the condensed water in the air to be used for the hydrogen injection engine (300).

Emulsified oil treatment unit 910 contains a condensate in a predetermined ratio in the fuel for liquefied hydrogen or similar hydrogen injection engine 300 to create an oil in water (WFE, water in fuel emulsion), and the emulsion oil hydrogen injection engine (300 It may mean a series of devices or equipment provided to).

For example, about 20% of condensate water may be contained in the fuel of emulsified oil, and generally 1% of moisture is known to suppress generation of about 1% of nitrogen oxides.

The water jet unit 920 may refer to a series of devices or facilities for supplying condensed water to the combustion chamber as a separate injection nozzle separated or combined with the fuel injection nozzle. In other words, the condensate injected into the fuel chamber reduces the temperature of the combustion chamber before the explosion stroke begins, thereby reducing the formation of nitrogen oxides. When condensate is supplied by 40-70% of the fuel, 50-70% of the nitrogen oxides are reduced. It is known to be able to reduce.

The moisture treatment unit 930 may be a series of devices or facilities for supplying and mixing condensate water to air for use in the hydrogen injection engine 300. Experiments on ships, for example, have shown that about three times more condensate can be consumed than fuel, in which case about 70-80% nitrogen oxides can be reduced.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, You will understand. For example, a person skilled in the art can change the material, size and the like of each constituent element depending on the application field or can combine or substitute the embodiments in a form not clearly disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention, Of the range. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and that such modified embodiments are included in the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention.

100: liquefied hydrogen tank 200: heat exchanger
300: hydrogen injection engine 400: condensate tank
500: condensate water supply unit 600: EGR scrubber water supply unit
800: reprocessing facility 900: condensate processing means

Claims (8)

A liquefied hydrogen tank for storing fuel of the hydrogen injection engine in order to reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides from the hydrogen injection engine; A heat exchanger installed at an intersection point between a supply line serving as a supply path of liquefied hydrogen or BOG (Boil-off Gas) of the liquefied hydrogen tank and an exhaust line serving as an exhaust path of the exhaust gas of the hydrogen injection engine; And a condensate tank connected to the heat exchanger to store condensate collected by condensing moisture in the exhaust gas by cold heat of liquefied hydrogen or BOG.
An engine nitrogen oxide comprising a condensate supply unit coupled between the hydrogen injection engine and the condensate tank to provide the condensate of the condensate tank to the hydrogen injection engine in response to a water demand for removing nitrogen oxides from the hydrogen injection engine Pretreatment device to reduce generation. delete The method of claim 1,
The heat exchanger
A heat exchange pipe through which the liquefied hydrogen or BOG flows;
A water separation unit receiving cold heat of the liquefied hydrogen or BOG from the heat exchange pipe and condensing water vapor of the exhaust gas into condensed water by the cold heat; And
Pretreatment apparatus for reducing the generation of engine nitrogen oxide comprising a condensate discharge line coupled between the water separator and the condensate tank. The method of claim 3, wherein
The heat exchanger
A recovery line coupled to the outlet of the heat exchange pipe; And
A pretreatment apparatus for reducing engine nitrogen oxide generation further comprising a reprocessing facility installed in the recovery line. The method of claim 3, wherein
The condensate tank,
And a distribution line for supplying the condensate to the condensate supply unit. The method of claim 5, wherein
The distribution line is a pre-treatment apparatus for reducing the generation of engine nitrogen oxides is connected to at least one of the EGR scrubber water supply and fresh water supply. The method of claim 1,
The condensate water supply unit,
Pretreatment apparatus for reducing the generation of engine nitrogen oxides further comprises an inlet line for supplying the condensed water to the hydrogen injection engine. The method of claim 7, wherein
The inlet line includes an emulsion oil treatment unit for mixing the condensed water with the fuel for the hydrogen injection engine, a water direct injection unit for directly injecting the condensate into a cylinder of the hydrogen injection engine, and mixing the condensed water with air for use in the hydrogen injection engine. Pre-treatment device for reducing the generation of engine nitrogen oxide, which any one of the moisture treatment unit is coupled.

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