KR101364000B1 - Coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus Download PDF

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KR101364000B1
KR101364000B1 KR1020120128933A KR20120128933A KR101364000B1 KR 101364000 B1 KR101364000 B1 KR 101364000B1 KR 1020120128933 A KR1020120128933 A KR 1020120128933A KR 20120128933 A KR20120128933 A KR 20120128933A KR 101364000 B1 KR101364000 B1 KR 101364000B1
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coal
reactor
temperature
coal sample
sample
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KR1020120128933A
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Korean (ko)
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박세준
최영찬
이동욱
홍재창
배종수
이영주
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한국에너지기술연구원
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
    • G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for measuring spontaneous combustion of coal. The apparatus for measuring spontaneous combustion of coal comprises: a reactor which has a cap for storing or replacing a coal sample therein and supplies oxidant gas to the inside thereof so that the coal sample can spontaneously combust; a furnace which surrounds the reactor in order to store heat so that the ambient temperature inside the reactor can satisfy the ignition temperature condition of a coal pile accumulated outside the reactor; thermocouples which are combined with the upper and lower parts of the reactor respectively in order to measure the temperature of the coal sample and the ambient temperature inside the reactor; a control unit which controls the supply amount of the oxidant gas depending on the time and the temperature inside the furnace and predicts rapid changes in the temperature of the coal sample by lapse of time; and a monitoring unit which is connected with the control unit in order to output the temperature inside the reactor over time and the temperature rising of the coal sample in real time.

Description

석탄 자연발화 측정장치{COAL SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION MEASURING APPARATUS}Coal spontaneous combustion measuring device {COAL SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION MEASURING APPARATUS}

본 발명은 석탄 화력발전소 저탄장에 적재된 석탄더미의 자연적인 발화온도와 시간을 예측하고, 부가적으로 저등급 석탄의 고품위화 여부를 파악할 수 있도록 한 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 내부에 정량의 석탄시료를 담은 반응기의 내부로 열이 축열되도록 퍼니스를 감싸 구성한 후, 반응기의 내부로 산화기체를 지속적으로 공급하여 반응기 내부에 위치한 석탄시료가 발화되도록 하되, 발화시 발생되는 급격한 온도변화를 통해 석탄시료의 자연발화온도와 시간을 예측하고, 부가적으로 저등급 석탄의 전처리 방식에 따른 석탄의 고품위화(고발열량의 자연발화성이 낮은 석탄으로 전환하는 기술) 여부를 파악할 수 있는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus for predicting the natural ignition temperature and time of the coal piles loaded in the coal coal-fired power plant, and additionally to determine whether or not high-grade coal of low grade coal. The furnace is configured to wrap the furnace so that heat is accumulated in the reactor containing the quantity of coal sample therein, and continuously supplying oxidizing gas into the reactor to ignite the coal sample located inside the reactor, Predicting spontaneous ignition temperature and time of coal sample through temperature change, and additionally, it is possible to determine whether high-grade coal (technique for converting high calorific value of pyrophoric coal) according to pretreatment method of low grade coal. The present invention relates to a coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus.

일반적으로 석탄의 자연발화는 외부의 발화원이 없는 조건에서 자연적인 발열반응(산화, 풍화, 습윤열 등)으로 인해 석탄더미에 열이 축적되고, 석탄에 포함되어 있는 가연성 휘발분이 공기 중의 산소와 반응하여 착화됨과 동시에, 연쇄적인 자유라디칼 반응(free radical reaction)에 의해 발생된다. In general, spontaneous ignition of coal causes heat to accumulate in coal piles due to natural exothermic reactions (oxidation, weathering, wet heat, etc.) in the absence of an external ignition source, and combustible volatiles contained in coal react with oxygen in the air. At the same time it is complexed and generated by a series of free radical reactions.

특히 석탄의 특성에 따라 탄화도가 낮아 지방족 탄화수소(aliphatic hydrocarbon)가 많고, 휘발성분이 많이 포함되어 있으며, 수분함량의 20% 이상인 저급탄이 자연발화에 취약하며, 고급탄은 보다 오랜 시간이 지나야지만 자연발화 된다. (보통 석탄을 적재하면 통상 석탄의 수분함량에 따라 약 20~40일 동안에 완만한 산화에 의해 내부 온도가 70~90 정도로 상승되는데, 그 후 2~4개월 동안 이 온도로 유지되면서 내부가 건조되고 CO2, Co, CH4 등의 가스가 발생되다가, 갑자기 300~400로 상승되어 타르 냄새가 나고 연기가 나면서 자연발화가 시작된다.)In particular, due to the characteristics of coal, the degree of carbonization is low, it contains a lot of aliphatic hydrocarbons, contains a lot of volatile components, and low-grade coal (more than 20% of water content) is vulnerable to spontaneous combustion. It is ignited. (Usually, when coal is loaded, the internal temperature is increased to 70 ~ 90 by gentle oxidation for about 20 ~ 40 days, depending on the moisture content of coal. Gases such as CO 2 , Co, and CH 4 are generated, and suddenly rise to 300 ~ 400, and smells tar and smokes and spontaneously combusts.)

하지만 석탄을 연료로 하는 화력발전소나 기타, 석탄에서 합성연료를 생산하는 화학공장에서는 일반 야외에 석탄을 적재하여 보관할 수밖에 없는 실정이다.However, in coal-fired thermal power plants and other chemical plants that produce synthetic fuel from coal, coal has to be stored outdoors in general.

이렇게 적재된 석탄더미는 고급탄과 저급탄의 여부와 상관없이 상술된 바와 같이 자연발화가 발생되기 때문에 6개월 이상 야외에 적재시켜도 가능함에도 자연발화의 위험성으로 인해 통상 4개월 이상 적재하지 못하고 해체하거나 다른 야적장에 적재해야 하는 문제점이 있으며, 자연발화가 시작되면 진화하기가 까다로워 수개월 동안 방치되는 경우도 있다.Since the coal piles loaded in this way are spontaneously ignited as described above regardless of whether they are high or low coal, they can be loaded outdoors for more than six months, but they are usually dismantled for four months or more due to the risk of spontaneous ignition. There is a problem to be loaded in other yards, it is difficult to evolve when spontaneous ignition begins, sometimes left for months.

특히 고급탄의 경우에는 수분함량이 적어 8~9개월 이상 야외에 적재시켜도 가능한데, 이에 상관없이 석탄더미를 다른 곳에 자주 이동시켜 시설운영비가 많이 소요되는 문제점이 있었다.In particular, high-grade coal has a low moisture content and can be loaded outdoors for more than 8 to 9 months. However, there is a problem in that the operating cost of the facility is high because the coal pile is frequently moved elsewhere.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 감안하여 안출된 것으로, 본 발명의 제 1목적은, 석탄시료의 발화온도와 시간을 예측하여 경제적이고 안전한 방법으로 석탄더미를 야외에 적재시킬 수 있도록 한 석탄 자연발화 측정장치를 제공하는데 있다.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the first object of the present invention is to predict the ignition temperature and time of coal samples, and to spontaneously burn coal piles in an economical and safe manner. To provide a measuring device.

본 발명의 제 2목적은, 석탄시료의 발화온도를 측정하여 저등급 석탄의 전처리 방식에 따른 석탄의 고품위화 여부를 파악할 수 있는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 관한 것이다. The second object of the present invention relates to a coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus that can determine whether or not the high quality of the coal according to the pretreatment method of the low grade coal by measuring the ignition temperature of the coal sample.

본 발명은 상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징에 따르면, 제 1발명은 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 관한 것으로, 이를 위해 내부에 석탄시료를 저장하거나 교체할 수 있도록 캡을 갖고, 내부에 산화기체를 공급하여 석탄시료가 자연발화될 수 있도록 하는 반응기;와, 상기 반응기 내부 분위기 온도를 외부에 적재된 석탄더미의 발화온도의 조건과 맞게 축열될 수 있도록 상기 반응기를 감싸는 퍼니스;와, 상기 반응기의 상부 및 하부에 각각 결합되어 석탄시료의 온도와, 반응기 내부의 분위기온도를 측정하는 열전대;와, 시간 대비 산화기체의 공급양과, 퍼니스 내부의 온도를 제어하는 제어부; 및 상기 제어부와 연결되어 시간 경과에 따른 반응기 내부의 온도와 석탄시료의 승온온도를 실시간으로 출력하는 모니터링부;를 포함하여 이루어지되, 상기 반응기는 내주면에 메쉬망이 설치되고, 상기 메쉬망의 상부에는 석탄시료를 저장할 수 있는 시료컵이 안착되고, 상기 시료컵은 바닥면에 메쉬망이 설치되고, 상기 메쉬망의 상부에는 석탄시료가 낙하되지 않도록 세라믹울이 내장되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
According to a feature of the present invention for achieving the object as described above, the first invention relates to a coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus, for this purpose has a cap to store or replace the coal sample therein, A reactor for supplying an oxidant gas to spontaneously ignite the coal sample; and a furnace surrounding the reactor so that the reactor atmosphere can be thermally stored in accordance with the conditions of the ignition temperature of the coal pile loaded therein; A thermocouple coupled to the upper and lower portions of the reactor, respectively, for measuring the temperature of the coal sample and the ambient temperature in the reactor; and a controller for controlling the supply amount of oxidizing gas with respect to time and the temperature in the furnace; And a monitoring unit connected to the control unit and outputting the temperature inside the reactor and the temperature rise temperature of the coal sample in real time over time, wherein the reactor is provided with a mesh network on an inner circumferential surface, and an upper portion of the mesh network. There is a sample cup for storing a coal sample is seated, the sample cup is characterized in that the mesh mesh is installed on the bottom surface, the ceramic wool is embedded in the upper portion of the mesh network so that coal samples do not fall.

삭제delete

제 3발명은, 제 1발명에서, 상기 퍼니스는 석탄시료의 자연발화에 필요한 열을 공급하기 위해 알루미늄 외피가 결합된 세라믹단열재와, 상기 세라믹단열재의 내부에 설치되는 열선으로 구성되는 것이 바람직하다.
According to a third invention, in the first invention, the furnace is preferably composed of a ceramic heat insulating material combined with an aluminum sheath to supply heat required for spontaneous firing of a coal sample, and a heating wire provided inside the ceramic heat insulating material.

제 4발명은, 제 1발명에서, 상기 반응기는 캡의 상단에 석탄시료가 발화될 수 있도록 캡의 상부에 산화기체을 공급할 수 있는 기체공급관이 연결된 공급커넥터가 결합되고, 하단에는 상기 공급된 산화기체가 배출될 수 있도록 기체배출관이 연결된 배출커넥터가 결합되는 것이 바람직하다.
The fourth invention, in the first invention, the reactor is coupled to the supply connector is connected to the gas supply pipe for supplying the oxidizing gas to the top of the cap so that the coal sample is ignited on the top of the cap, the lower end of the supplied oxidizing gas It is preferable that the discharge connector to which the gas discharge pipe is connected is coupled so as to discharge the gas.

제 5발명은, 제 4발명에서, 상기 각 열전대 중 어느 하나는 공급커넥터의 내부에 삽입되어 석탄시료 온도를 측정하고, 다른 하나는 배출커넥터의 내부에 삽입되어 반응기 내부의 분위기 온도를 측정하는 것이 바람직하다.
In the fourth invention, in the fourth invention, one of the thermocouples is inserted into the supply connector to measure the coal sample temperature, and the other is inserted into the discharge connector to measure the ambient temperature inside the reactor. desirable.

제 6발명은, 제 4발명에서, 상기 기체공급관은 산화기체의 온도와 반응기 내부의 분위기 온도차를 최소화할 수 있도록 상기 반응기의 하부에서 상부방향으로 상기 반응기의 외주면에 권회되어 캡에 결합된 공급커넥터에 연결되는 것이 바람직하다.The sixth invention, in the fourth invention, the gas supply pipe is wound on the outer peripheral surface of the reactor in the upper direction from the bottom of the reactor to minimize the difference between the temperature of the oxidizing gas and the atmosphere temperature inside the reactor is coupled to the cap connector Is preferably connected to.

본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 따르면, 석탄시료의 발화온도와 시간을 예측하여 석탄더미를 다른 곳에 자주 이동시켜야 하는 시설운영비를 절감할 수 있는 효과가 있다.According to the coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus according to the present invention, by predicting the ignition temperature and time of the coal sample there is an effect that can reduce the operating cost of moving the coal pile to another place.

또한 석탄시료의 발화온도를 예측하여 석탄더미를 자연발화로부터 안전하게 관리할 수 있어 연료의 손실이나 화재로 인한 석탄 화력발전소의 안전사고를 예방할 수 있는 효과가 있다. In addition, by predicting the ignition temperature of the coal sample, it is possible to safely manage the coal pile from spontaneous combustion, thereby preventing the safety accident of the coal-fired power plant due to fuel loss or fire.

마지막으로 저등급 석탄의 전처리 방식에 따른 산소기능기(oxygen functional groups)의 함량 특성을 예측할 수 있어 별도의 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)이나 X-ray photoelectron spctroscopy(XPS) 등의 측정장비를 사용하지 않고 저급탄 고품위화 여부를 간단하게 파악할 수 있는 효과가 있다.Finally, it is possible to predict the content characteristics of oxygen functional groups according to the pretreatment method of low grade coal, so that separate measurement equipment such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) or X-ray photoelectron spctroscopy (XPS) Without using it, it is possible to easily grasp low-grade coal quality.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 제 1사시도,
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 제 2사시도,
도 3은 퍼니스의 내부에 배치된 반응기의 구성도,
도 4는 도 3에서 발췌된 반응기의 단면구성도,
도 5는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 블럭도,
도 6은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 산화기체 흐름도이고,
도 7은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 모니터링부를 통해 측정된 석탄시료의 발화온도를 나타내는 그래프이다.1 is a first perspective view of an apparatus for measuring coal spontaneous combustion according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a second perspective view of the coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention,
3 is a configuration diagram of a reactor disposed inside the furnace;
4 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor extracted from FIG.
5 is a block diagram of a coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention,
6 is a flow diagram of an oxidizing gas of the coal spontaneous combustion measurement apparatus according to the present invention,
7 is a graph showing the ignition temperature of the coal sample measured through the monitoring unit of the coal spontaneous combustion measuring device according to the present invention.

이하에서는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 관하여 첨부된 도면과 함께 더불어 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 제 1사시도이고, 도 2는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 제 2사시도이며, 도 3은 퍼니스의 내부에 배치된 반응기의 구성도이고, 도 4는 도 3에서 발췌된 반응기의 단면구성도이고, 도 5는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 블럭도이고, 도 6은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 산화기체 흐름도이다.1 is a first perspective view of a coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a second perspective view of a coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a block diagram of a reactor disposed inside the furnace. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the reactor extracted from FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an oxidizing gas flow chart of the coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus according to the present invention. .

도 1 내지 도 6에 도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명은 석탄 화력발전소 저탄장에 적재된 석탄더미의 자연적인 발화온도와 시간을 예측하여 자연발화를 미연에 방지하고, 부가적으로 저등급 석탄의 전처리 방식에 따른 석탄의 고품위화(고발열량의 자연발화성이 낮은 석탄으로 전환하는 기술) 여부를 파악할 수 있는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치(100)에 관한 것이다.As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the present invention predicts the natural ignition temperature and time of the coal pile loaded in the coal coal-fired power plant low coal to prevent spontaneous ignition in advance, and additionally the low-grade coal pretreatment method The present invention relates to a coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus 100 capable of determining whether or not high-grade coal (technique for converting high calorific value of spontaneous combustion into coal).

이러한 석탄 자연발화 측정장치(100)는 크게 5개 부분으로 구성되는데, 이는 반응기와, 퍼니스(furnace)(20)와, 열전대(30)와, 제어부(40)로 구성된다.The coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus 100 is largely composed of five parts, which is composed of a reactor, a furnace (furnace) 20, a thermocouple 30, and a control unit 40.

먼저 상기 퍼니스(20)는 반응기 내부 분위기 온도를 외부에 적재된 석탄더미의 발화온도 조건과 맞게 축열될 수 있도록 점차 승온시키는 기능을 한다.First, the furnace 20 functions to gradually increase the temperature inside the reactor so that it can be thermally accumulated to meet the ignition temperature conditions of the coal pile loaded on the outside.

이러한 퍼니스(20)는 석탄시료(50)의 자연발화에 필요한 열을 공급하기 위해 알루미늄 외피(21)가 결합된 세라믹단열재(22)와, 상기 세라믹단열재(22)의 내부에 설치되는 열선으로 구성된다.The furnace 20 is composed of a ceramic heat insulating material 22 combined with an aluminum shell 21 and a heating wire installed inside the ceramic heat insulating material 22 to supply heat required for spontaneous ignition of the coal sample 50. do.

여기서 상기 열선(23)은 야적된 석탄더미의 발화온도까지 제어부(40)에 제어되어 세라믹단열재의 내부 온도를 승온시키는 기능을 한다.Here, the heating wire 23 is controlled by the control unit 40 to the ignition temperature of the piled coal pile to increase the internal temperature of the ceramic insulation.

이러한 퍼니스(20)는 원형 또는 사각 또는 육각으로 구성될 수 있으며, 세라믹단열재(22)가 반응기(10)를 감쌀 수 있도록 힌지부를 중심으로 2개로 분리 구성되어 선택적으로 클램프(24)를 통해 고정될 수 있도록 구성된다.The furnace 20 may be configured in a circular or square or hexagon, and the ceramic insulation 22 is separated into two around the hinge portion so as to surround the reactor 10 and may be selectively fixed through the clamp 24. It is configured to be.

이 때 상기 세라믹단열재(22)의 내부는 열선(23)에 의해 반응기 내부의 온도를 승온시킬 수 있도록 수용홈(221)이 형성되어 반응기(10)를 석탄더미의 내부 조건과 유사하게 구성할 수 있다. At this time, the interior of the ceramic insulating material 22 is formed with a receiving groove 221 to increase the temperature inside the reactor by the heating wire 23 can configure the reactor 10 similar to the internal conditions of the coal pile. have.

아울러 상기 반응기(10)는 상단에 캡(11)이 결합되는 구조이며, 이러한 캡(11)을 통해 반응기(10)의 내부에 석탄시료(50)를 저장하거나 교체할 수 있도록 구성된다.In addition, the reactor 10 has a structure in which the cap 11 is coupled to the top, and is configured to store or replace the coal sample 50 inside the reactor 10 through the cap 11.

또한 반응기(10)의 내주면에는 석탄시료(50)와 반응하여 석탄시료(50)가 자연발화될 수 있도록 산화기체(공기 또는 산소)를 통과시키는 메쉬망(13)이 설치되고, 상기 메쉬망(13)의 상부에는 석탄시료(50)를 저장할 수 있는 시료컵(12)이 안착되어 구성된다.In addition, a mesh network 13 through which an oxidizing gas (air or oxygen) passes through the inner peripheral surface of the reactor 10 so as to react with the coal sample 50 and spontaneously ignite the coal sample 50 is installed. The upper portion of the 13) is configured to seat the sample cup 12 that can store the coal sample (50).

이 때 상기 시료컵(12)의 바닥면 역시 산화기체가 통과될 수 있도록 메쉬망(13)이 설치되고, 상기 메쉬망(13)의 상부에는 석탄시료(50)가 낙하되지 않도록 세라믹울(121)이 내장되는 구조이다.At this time, the bottom surface of the sample cup 12 is also provided with a mesh net 13 so that the oxidizing gas can pass, and the ceramic wool 121 so that the coal sample 50 does not fall on the upper portion of the mesh net 13. ) Is a built-in structure.

이러한 메쉬망(13)과 시료컵(12)의 구조는 반응기 내부로 공급되는 산화기체가 석탄시료(50)와 접촉 후 압력 강하가 발생하지 않고 반응기(10)의 하부로 원활히 유도될 수 있도록 하기 위함이다.The structure of the mesh net 13 and the sample cup 12 is to allow the oxidizing gas supplied into the reactor to be smoothly guided to the lower portion of the reactor 10 without a pressure drop after contacting the coal sample 50. For sake.

여기서 상기 메쉬망(13)은 산화기체의 압력 강하가 발생되지 않도록 74㎛ 이상인 것이 바람직하다.The mesh network 13 is preferably 74㎛ or more so that the pressure drop of the oxidizing gas does not occur.

또한 상기 반응기(10)는 캡(11)의 상단으로 석탄시료(50)와 접촉하여 발화될 수 있도록 산화기체을 공급할 수 있는 기체공급관(141)이 연결된 공급커넥터(14)가 결합되고, 하단에는 공급된 산화기체가 배출될 수 있도록 기체배출관(151)이 연결된 배출커넥터(15)가 결합되는 구조이다.In addition, the reactor 10 is coupled to the supply connector 14 is connected to the gas supply pipe 141 that can supply the oxidizing gas to be ignited in contact with the coal sample 50 to the top of the cap 11, the lower supply The exhaust connector 15 is connected to the exhaust connector 15 to which the oxidized gas is discharged.

이 때 상기 기체공급관(141)은 산화기체의 온도가 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기 온도 유사하도록 상기 반응기(10)의 하부에서 상부방향으로 상기 반응기(10)의 외주면에 권회되어 캡(11)에 결합된 공급커넥터(14)에 연결되는 구조이다.At this time, the gas supply pipe 141 is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the reactor 10 in the upper direction from the lower portion of the reactor 10 so that the temperature of the oxidizing gas is similar to the ambient temperature inside the reactor 10 to the cap 11 The structure is connected to the coupled supply connector (14).

이러한 기체공급관(141)의 구조는 산화기체가 반응기 내부로 공급되기 전 산화기체의 온도와 반응기 내부 분위기 온도 차이를 최소화할 할 수 있도록 퍼니스(20)의 내부에서 체류시간을 증대시키기 위함이다.The structure of the gas supply pipe 141 is to increase the residence time in the furnace 20 so as to minimize the difference between the temperature of the oxidizing gas and the atmosphere temperature inside the reactor before the oxidizing gas is supplied into the reactor.

상기 열전대(30)는 2개로 구성되며, 상기 반응기(10)의 상부 및 하부에 각각 결합되어 석탄시료(50)의 온도와, 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기온도를 측정하는 기능을 한다.The thermocouple 30 is composed of two, coupled to the upper and lower portions of the reactor 10, respectively, and serves to measure the temperature of the coal sample 50 and the ambient temperature inside the reactor 10.

이러한 상기 각 열전대(30) 중 어느 하나는 공급커넥터(14)의 내부에 삽입되어 석탄시료(50) 온도를 측정하고, 다른 하나는 배출커넥터(15)의 내부에 삽입되어 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기 온도를 측정한다.One of each of the thermocouples 30 is inserted into the supply connector 14 to measure the temperature of the coal sample 50, the other is inserted into the discharge connector 15 to the inside of the reactor 10 Measure the ambient temperature.

그리고 상기 제어부(40)는 간 대비 산화기체의 공급양과, 열선(23)을 통해 퍼니스(20) 내부의 온도를 제어하는 기능을 한다.The control unit 40 controls the supply amount of the oxidizing gas to the liver and the temperature inside the furnace 20 through the heating wire 23.

이 때 상기 제어부(40)는 산화기체의 공급양과, 퍼니스(20) 내부의 온도와, 반응기(10) 내부의 온도에 따른 석탄시료(50)의 승온 온도를 실시간으로 비교하고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 석탄시료(50)의 급격한 온도변화를 측정하여 석탄시료(50)의 발화온도를 예측할 수 있다.At this time, the controller 40 compares the supply amount of the oxidizing gas, the temperature inside the furnace 20, and the elevated temperature of the coal sample 50 according to the temperature inside the reactor 10 in real time, Accordingly, by measuring a rapid temperature change of the coal sample 50, it is possible to predict the ignition temperature of the coal sample (50).

아울러 상기 모니터링부(41)는 제어부(40)와 연결되어 시간대비 반응기(10) 내부의 온도와, 석탄시료(50)의 발화온도를 실시간으로 출력하는 기능을 한다. In addition, the monitoring unit 41 is connected to the control unit 40 to function in real time to output the temperature of the reactor 10 and the ignition temperature of the coal sample 50 compared to the time.

한편 상기 기체공급관(141)은 산화기체 이외에 제어부(40)를 통해 질소가 공급될 수 있으며, 이는 반응기(10) 내부의 석탄시료(50)가 자연발화되면 이를 열전대(30)가 감지하여 제어부(40)를 통해 질소가 공급되어 자연발화된 석탄시료(50)가 더 이상 탄화되는 것을 방지하여 안전사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있다.
Meanwhile, the gas supply pipe 141 may be supplied with nitrogen through the control unit 40 in addition to the oxidizing gas. When the coal sample 50 inside the reactor 10 is spontaneously ignited, the thermocouple 30 detects the control unit ( Nitrogen is supplied through 40) to prevent carbonization of the spontaneously ignited coal sample 50 any more, thereby preventing safety accidents.

이하에서는 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 작동방법에 대해 간단히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, a method for operating the coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described briefly.

도 7은 본 발명에 따른 석탄 자연발화 측정장치의 모니터링부를 통해 측정된 석탄시료의 발화온도를 나타내는 그래프이다.7 is a graph showing the ignition temperature of the coal sample measured through the monitoring unit of the coal spontaneous combustion measuring device according to the present invention.

먼저 석탄시료를 시료컵(12)에 넣고, 캡(11)을 분리한 후, 반응기(10)의 내부에 형성된 메쉬망(13)에 안착시킨다.First, the coal sample is placed in the sample cup 12, the cap 11 is separated, and then placed on the mesh net 13 formed in the reactor 10.

그리고 캡(11)을 결속한 후, 퍼니스(20)로 반응기(10)를 감싼다.After binding the cap 11, the reactor 10 is wrapped with the furnace 20.

그리고 제어부(40)를 통해 열선(23)으로 전원을 공급하여 시간이 지남에 따라 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기 온도가 점차 축열되어 승온될 수 있도록 하여 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 축열 조건과 부합되도록 한다.Then, power is supplied to the heating wire 23 through the control unit 40 so that the ambient temperature inside the reactor 10 may gradually accumulate and increase in temperature as time passes, so as to meet the heat storage conditions of the coal pile loaded in the open air. do.

동시에 제어부(40)를 통해 기체공급관(141)으로 압축된 산화기체를 공급하여 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 산소의 보급과 부합되도록 한다. At the same time, the compressed oxidizing gas is supplied to the gas supply pipe 141 through the control unit 40 so as to be consistent with the supply of oxygen from the coal piles loaded outdoors.

이 때 상기 제어부(40)는 열선(23)의 설정온도와, 산화기체의 유속과 압력을 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 시간(기간)별 온도변화를 측정한 값에 결정된다.At this time, the control unit 40 is determined by the temperature measured by the time (period) of the set temperature of the heating wire 23, the flow rate and the pressure of the oxidizing gas by the time (period) of the pile of coal loaded outdoors.

물론 본 발명에서는 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 조건을 단축하기 위해 산화기체의 유속과 압력을 야외에 적재된 석탄더미 보다 더 많이 공급하고, 열선(23)의 온도 역시 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 축열 조건 보다 더 높게 발열시킬 수 있다.Of course, in the present invention, in order to shorten the conditions of the coal piles loaded outdoors, the flow rate and pressure of the oxidizing gas are supplied more than that of the coal piles loaded outdoors, and the temperature of the heating wire 23 is also the heat storage of the coal piles loaded outdoors. It can generate heat higher than the condition.

그리고 이 상태에서 장시간(기간)에 걸쳐 산화기체의 유속 및 압력과, 열선(23)의 설정온도가 유지될 수 있도록 한다.In this state, the flow rate and pressure of the oxidizing gas and the set temperature of the heating wire 23 can be maintained for a long time (period).

이 후 석탄시료(50)가 발화되었다고 판단되는 기준은 모니터링부(41)을 통해 출력되는 그래프에 의해 판단되는데, 이는 도 7의 그래프와 같이, 석탄시료(50)의 내부온도가 반응기(10) 내부 분위기 온도 보다 급격히 높아지는 시점, 즉, 교차온도(발화온도)에 도달하면 석탄이 발화되었다고 판단한다.After that, the criterion for determining that the coal sample 50 is ignited is determined by a graph output through the monitoring unit 41, which is the internal temperature of the coal sample 50 as shown in the graph of FIG. 7. It is determined that the coal is ignited when the temperature rises sharply above the internal atmosphere temperature, that is, when the crossover temperature (ignition temperature) is reached.

마지막으로 반응기(10) 내부의 석탄시료(50)가 자연발화되면 이를 열전대(30)가 감지하여 제어부(40)를 통해 질소가 공급되어 자연발화된 석탄시료(50)가 더 이상 탄화되는 것을 방지하여 안전사고를 미연에 방지할 수 있다.Finally, when the coal sample 50 inside the reactor 10 is spontaneously ignited, the thermocouple 30 senses this and nitrogen is supplied through the control unit 40 to prevent the spontaneously ignited coal sample 50 from being carbonized. The safety accident can be prevented in advance.

따라서 본 발명은 시간에 따른 석탄시료의 발화온도를 측정하여 야외에 적재된 석탄더미의 자연발화 시간을 예측할 수 있게 된다.Therefore, the present invention is able to predict the spontaneous ignition time of the coal pile loaded in the open air by measuring the ignition temperature of the coal sample over time.

이에 예측된 시간정보에 따라 석탄더미를 적재 기간을 늘일 수 있으며, 또 다른 방편으로는 다른 곳에 적재시키거나 해체시켜 석탄더미의 자연발화를 늦출 수 있다.According to the predicted time information, it is possible to extend the loading period of the coal pile, and in another way, it may be loaded or dismantled elsewhere to slow down the spontaneous combustion of the coal pile.

또한 저급탄과 고급탄의 여부는 수분과, 휘발성분과, 탄소에 의해 결정된다. 특히 수분함량이 높을수록 발화온도가 낮기 때문에 측정된 발화온도에 따라 저등급 석탄의 전처리 방식에 따른 석탄의 고품위화(고발열량의 자연발화성이 낮은 석탄으로 전환하는 기술) 여부를 파악할 수 있다.The presence of lower and higher coals is determined by moisture, volatile content and carbon. In particular, the higher the moisture content, the lower the ignition temperature. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether or not the high grade of coal according to the pretreatment method of the low grade coal (technique for converting the high calorific value of the pyrophoric coal) according to the measured ignition temperature.

비록 본 발명이 상기에서 언급한 바람직한 실시예와 관련하여 설명되어졌지만, 본 발명의 요지와 범위로부터 벗어남이 없이 다른 다양한 수정 및 변형이 가능할 것이다. 따라서, 첨부된 청구의 범위는 본 발명의 진정한 범위내에 속하는 그러한 수정 및 변형을 포함할 것이라고 여겨진다.Although the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments mentioned above, various other modifications and variations will be possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover such modifications and changes as fall within the true scope of the invention.

10: 반응기 11: 캡 12: 시료컵
121: 세라믹울 13: 메쉬망
14: 공급커넥터 141: 기체공급관
15: 배출커넥터 151: 기체배출관
20: 퍼니스 21: 외피 22: 세라믹단열재
221: 수용홈 23: 열선
24: 클램프
30: 열전대
40: 제어부 41: 모니터링부
50: 석탄시료
100: 석탄 자연발화 측정장치10: reactor 11: cap 12: sample cup
121: ceramic wool 13: mesh net
14: supply connector 141: gas supply pipe
15: discharge connector 151: gas discharge pipe
20: furnace 21: sheath 22: ceramic insulation
221: receiving groove 23: heating wire
24: Clamp
30: thermocouple
40: control unit 41: monitoring unit
50: coal sample
100: coal spontaneous combustion measuring device

Claims (6)

외부에 적재된 석탄더미의 발화온도와 시간을 예측하고, 부가적으로 석탄의 고급화 여부를 파악할 수 있도록 한 석탄 자연발화 측정장치에 있어서,
내부에 석탄시료(50)를 저장하거나 교체할 수 있도록 캡(11)을 갖고, 내부에 산화기체를 공급하여 석탄시료(50)가 자연발화될 수 있도록 하는 반응기(10);
상기 반응기(10) 내부 분위기 온도를 외부에 적재된 석탄더미의 발화온도의 조건과 부합되게 축열될 수 있도록 상기 반응기를 감싸는 퍼니스(20);
상기 반응기(10)의 상부 및 하부에 각각 결합되어 석탄시료(50)의 온도와, 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기온도를 측정하는 열전대(30);
시간 대비 산화기체의 공급양과, 퍼니스(20) 내부의 온도를 제어하는 제어부(40); 및
상기 제어부(40)와 연결되어 시간 경과에 따른 반응기(10) 내부의 온도와 석탄시료(50)의 승온 온도를 실시간으로 출력하는 모니터링부(41);를 포함하여 이루어지되,
상기 반응기(10)는 내주면에 메쉬망(13)이 설치되고,
상기 메쉬망(13)의 상부에는 석탄시료(50)를 저장할 수 있는 시료컵(12)이 안착되고,
상기 시료컵(12)은 바닥면에 메쉬망(13)이 설치되고,
상기 메쉬망(13)의 상부에는 석탄시료(50)가 낙하되지 않도록 세라믹울(121)이 내장되는 것을 특징으로 하는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치.
In the coal spontaneous ignition measuring device for predicting the ignition temperature and time of the coal pile loaded on the outside, and additionally determine whether the coal is advanced,
A reactor 10 having a cap 11 to store or replace the coal sample 50 therein, and supplying an oxidizing gas therein to allow the coal sample 50 to spontaneously ignite;
A furnace (20) surrounding the reactor to allow the reactor 10 to be thermally stored in accordance with the conditions of the ignition temperature of the coal pile loaded on the outside;
A thermocouple 30 coupled to the upper and lower portions of the reactor 10 to measure the temperature of the coal sample 50 and the ambient temperature inside the reactor 10;
A controller 40 for controlling the supply amount of the oxidizing gas with respect to time and the temperature inside the furnace 20; And
It is connected to the control unit 40, the monitoring unit 41 for outputting the temperature of the inside of the reactor 10 and the temperature rise temperature of the coal sample 50 in real time;
The reactor 10 is a mesh network 13 is installed on the inner circumferential surface,
On the upper portion of the mesh network 13, a sample cup 12 for storing a coal sample 50 is seated,
The sample cup 12 is a mesh net 13 is installed on the bottom surface,
Coal spontaneous ignition measuring device, characterized in that the ceramic wool 121 is built in the upper portion of the mesh net 13 so that the coal sample (50) does not fall.
삭제delete 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 퍼니스(20)는 석탄시료(50)의 자연발화에 필요한 열을 공급하기 위해 알루미늄 외피(21)가 결합된 세라믹단열재(22)와, 상기 세라믹단열재(22)의 내부에 설치되는 열선(23)으로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치.
The method of claim 1,
The furnace 20 is a ceramic heat insulating material 22 combined with an aluminum shell 21 to supply heat required for spontaneous combustion of the coal sample 50, and a heating wire 23 installed inside the ceramic heat insulating material 22. Coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus, characterized in that consisting of.
제 1항에 있어
상기 반응기(10)는 캡(11)의 상단에 석탄시료(50)가 발화될 수 있도록 산화기체를 공급할 수 있는 기체공급관(141)이 연결된 공급커넥터(14)가 결합되고, 하단에는 상기 공급된 산화기체가 배출될 수 있도록 기체배출관(151)이 연결된 배출커넥터(15)가 결합되는 것을 특징으로 하는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치.
In claim 1
The reactor 10 is coupled to the supply connector 14 is connected to the gas supply pipe 141 for supplying the oxidizing gas to the coal sample 50 is ignited on the top of the cap 11, the lower end of the supply Coal spontaneous ignition measuring apparatus characterized in that the exhaust connector 15 is connected to the gas discharge pipe 151 is connected so that the oxidizing gas is discharged.
제 4항에 있어서,
상기 각 열전대(30) 중 어느 하나는 공급커넥터(14)의 내부에 삽입되어 석탄시료(50) 온도를 측정하고, 다른 하나는 배출커넥터(15)의 내부에 삽입되어 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기 온도를 측정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치.
5. The method of claim 4,
One of each of the thermocouples 30 is inserted into the supply connector 14 to measure the temperature of the coal sample 50, the other is inserted into the discharge connector 15 to the atmosphere inside the reactor 10 Coal spontaneous combustion measuring apparatus, characterized in that for measuring the temperature.
제 4항에 있어서,
상기 기체공급관(141)은 산화기체의 온도와 반응기(10) 내부의 분위기 온도차를 최소화할 수 있도록 상기 반응기(10)의 하부에서 상부방향으로 상기 반응기(10)의 외주면에 권회되어 캡(11)에 결합된 공급커넥터(14)에 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는 석탄 자연발화 측정장치.
5. The method of claim 4,
The gas supply pipe 141 is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the reactor 10 in the upper direction from the bottom of the reactor 10 to minimize the temperature of the oxidizing gas and the atmosphere temperature inside the reactor 10 cap 11 Coal spontaneous combustion measuring device, characterized in that connected to the supply connector 14 coupled to.
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CN105157426A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-16 常州大学 Rotating-mode bituminous coal burning furnace with temperature gradient function
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CN105807029B (en) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-10 河南理工大学 Coal spontaneous combustion characteristic detecting apparatus based on thermogravimetric
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