KR101361483B1 - Boiler using biomass solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A biomass solid fuel boiler is disclosed which facilitates the circulation of the boiler body and greatly improves the durability against heat or external stress. In the biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention, a biomass solid fuel boiler comprising a fuel supply unit for supplying solid fuel, a combustion device for burning solid fuel, and a boiler body for heating water using combustion heat, The main body is provided with a combustion chamber therein, a plurality of associations are installed between the combustion chamber and the main body, the combustion device is installed in the interior of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber is a combustion in which direct combustion of solid fuel is made And a ash processing unit positioned adjacent to the rear lower end of the combustion unit and collecting ash or sludge and discharged to the outside.

Description

Biomass Solid Fuel Boiler {BOILER USING BIOMASS SOLID FUEL}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biomass solid fuel boiler, and more particularly to a boiler using solid fuel, such as wood pellets, which has been spotlighted as biomass energy. The present invention relates to a biomass solid fuel boiler that facilitates and greatly improves heat exchange efficiency.

Recently, as the problem of climate change due to global warming is a serious threat to human survival, interest in renewable energy is increasing, and investment to replace existing fossil fuels is rapidly increasing.

In this regard, studies are being actively conducted on boilers using biomass solid fuels, which are different from conventional coal-fired boilers.

Biomass solid fuels are usually renewable energy derived from wastes such as crops and trees dedicated to energy, agricultural products and feed crops, and farm wastes and debris.

In the case of using such biomass solid fuel, energy can be self-sufficient and greatly reduce environmental pollution.

The current boiler combustion method for using biomass solid fuel is mainly a conveyor belt or a chain-driven mobile grating method which is conventionally used for fueling coal, and a combustor type and crucible type which are mainly used for burning wood pellets. , Plate type, and the like.

However, the conventional boiler combustion method has the following disadvantages.

In other words, the transfer lattice method of the conveyor belt (chain) has a problem in producing a highly efficient boiler (combustor) due to the excessive manufacturing cost due to the complicated mechanical structure, and the size occupied in the lower part of the boiler. There is an unsuitable characteristic.

In addition, the combustor type and crucible type combustion methods, which are mainly used to burn wood pellets, have the sludge and reprocessing problems that often occur when burning low quality pellets, thereby providing a fundamental cause of boiler defects. It is not realistically easy to produce combustors for commercial and industrial medium and large boilers.

1 and 2, Korean Patent No. 0959697, filed and registered by the present applicant, provides a technique for effectively discharging sludge and ash inside the combustor to the outside while reducing the overall size of the boiler. It is characterized by.

1 and 2, the conventional boiler has a boiler body 12 and the combustion device 11, the combustion device 11 is coupled to the lower portion of the boiler body 12 by welding or the like method It is a structure.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the conventional boiler is closed in communication with the circular chamber 33 when the space 33 between the combustion chamber 30 and the main body 12 is viewed in cross section because of the installation structure of the combustion device 11. There is no choice but to be. This causes a problem that the boiler water circulation in the body 12 is not smooth. If the circulation of water is not smooth, the performance and efficiency of the boiler will be reduced.

In addition, the conventional boiler has a weak point of the junction portion 35 of the boiler body 12 and the combustion device 11, so that it is difficult to withstand external stress or heat and may be damaged.

In addition, although not shown, if the length of the screw is long, the deflection may occur due to thermal deformation, and the cost of the special material for manufacturing the screw is very expensive, so if the length is longer, the overall unit price is expensive.

Reference numeral 17 is a drive unit for driving the screw, 18 is an ignition unit for the initial ignition of the solid fuel when the boiler operation, 19 is a blower to help the effective combustion of solid fuel, 20 is a solid fuel It is a fuel supply pipe for supplying 24, and 24 is a frame.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a biomass solid fuel boiler to facilitate the water circulation in the boiler.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a biomass solid fuel boiler which can prevent damage caused by external stress generated when the combustion device is separately coupled to the body by installing the combustion device inside the boiler body.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a biomass solid fuel boiler which can prevent sagging due to thermal deformation when the length of the combustion device and the screw is increased.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a biomass solid fuel boiler which can reduce the overall cost by minimizing the length of the expensive screw material.

In order to achieve the above objects, the biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention, a fuel supply unit for supplying a solid fuel, a combustion device for burning solid fuel, and a biomass having a body for heating water using the heat of combustion In solid fuel boilers,
The main body is formed to extend from the fuel supply to the sludge discharge port for discharging sludge or ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel, the combustion chamber is provided along the longitudinal direction of the main body inside the main body, A plurality of exhaust gas associations are provided between the main bodies, and the combustion apparatus is installed in the combustion chamber side by side along the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber, and the space between the main body and the combustion chamber is not closed when viewed from the fuel supply side in front cross section. The combustion chamber includes a combustion unit in which direct combustion of solid fuel is performed, and a reprocessing unit positioned adjacent to the rear lower end of the combustion unit and collecting ash or sludge and discharged to the outside. The reprocessing unit includes a combustion device and a first screw for transferring solid fuel. In that it comprises a second screw for collection device for collecting ashes and sludges with them to go to the external features.

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The combustion apparatus is characterized in that spaced apart by a plurality of support plates on the inner wall of the combustion chamber of the lower combustion chamber.

One end of the combustion device is characterized in that it is installed on the lid of the combustion chamber via the sleeve pipe so as to adapt to the thermal deformation.

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One end of the first screw is connected to the drive unit, the other end is characterized in that supported on the rear of the body via a bearing.

According to the present invention, the biomass solid fuel boiler has an advantage of greatly improving the heat exchange efficiency by smoothly circulating the water inside the boiler body.

In addition, according to the present invention, by installing the combustion device inside the boiler body there is an advantage that can be prevented by the external stress caused when the combustion device is separately coupled to the body.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that can prevent sagging due to thermal deformation when the length of the combustion device and the screw is lengthened.

In addition, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that can greatly reduce the overall cost by minimizing the length of the expensive screw material.

1 is a perspective view showing the overall shape of a conventional biomass solid fuel boiler.
2 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of the boiler of FIG.
3 is a perspective view of a biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention.
4 is a front view of Fig.
FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the interior of FIG. 3.
6 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating an enlarged view of the combustion unit and the reprocessing unit in FIG. 3.
7 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of the boiler of FIG. 3.

Hereinafter, a biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the present invention, only the structure and the improved part of the boiler will be described. However, as mentioned in the related art, the fuel supply unit, the drive unit for rotating the screw, the ignition unit for igniting the solid fuel, etc. are naturally necessary in constructing the boiler. Since the configuration is well known to those skilled in the art, the detailed configuration or operation thereof will not be described.

3 is a perspective view showing a biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention, Figure 4 is a front view of FIG.

As shown in Figure 3 and 4, the boiler 100 according to the present invention has an associated structure of heating the water of the body 110 using the heat of combustion obtained by burning the biomass solid fuel. A combustion chamber 135 is formed in the main body 110 along the longitudinal direction of the main body, and a combustion device 120 for combusting solid fuel is installed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 135 side by side along the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber. It is.
The main body extends from the fuel supply part to ash / sludge discharge ports for discharging sludge or ash generated by combustion of solid fuel.

At this time, the combustion device 120 is installed in the combustion chamber 135 of the main body is a big feature in the present invention.

The combustion device 120 is provided with a first screw 130 to effectively treat sludge and ash generated during combustion. The first screw 130 is preferably made of a heat resistant material, and is made of a hollow pipe to allow fluid to flow therein.

In addition, since the combustion device 120 is installed inside the combustion chamber, the combustion device 120 may be expanded by heat, and the combustion device may be contracted when the boiler is stopped. In order to easily adapt to such thermal deformation, the combustion device 120 may be installed by inserting the sleeve pipe 115 in the combustion chamber lid 113 and inserting the sleeve into the sleeve pipe 115.

By doing so, the combustion device 120 can move in conjunction with thermal expansion or contraction within the sleeve pipe 115.

Although the drawing shows that two combustion apparatuses 120 are provided, one or two or more combustion apparatuses can be configured according to the use capacity, which will be fully understood by those skilled in the art.

Reference numeral 117, which is not described, is a fuel supply unit for supplying solid fuel to the combustion device 120.

FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the interior of FIG. 3. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 5, the biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention may be largely divided into a combustion unit A and a reprocessing unit B.

The reprocessing unit (B) is located adjacent to the rear lower end of the combustion unit (A), and serves to collect and discharge the ash or sludge produced by the combustion unit (A) to the outside.

The combustion unit (A) is a place where direct combustion of solid fuel occurs, where flames and high temperature heat are generated, and the ash processing unit (B) is a place for treating combusted ashes as compared to the combustion unit (A). The temperature is quite low.

In the combustion unit (A), the combustion device 120 is installed side by side while following the lower portion of the combustion chamber 135, the combustion device 120 is supported on the combustion chamber inner wall 137 by a support plate 123. . In view of this structure, the combustion device 120 has a shape spaced apart from the combustion chamber inner wall 137.

In addition, the first screw 130 is installed in parallel with the upper end of the combustion device 120, the first screw 130 is to be transported sludge and ash while being rotated by a drive (not shown). .

The first screw 130 is made of a hollow pipe through which the fluid is circulated, so that the screw itself can withstand any high temperature generated during combustion, so that the solid fuel can be transported without problems such as deformation or melting due to heat. It will be able to discharge sludge and ash.

The ash processing unit B includes a collecting device 150 for collecting ash or sludge that has been moved from the combustion unit A, and a second screw 160 for discharging ash or sludge to the outside.

A plurality of associations 140 are installed between the main body 110 and the inner wall 137 of the combustion chamber, and the water filled in the main body 110 undergoes heat exchange with heat generated in the combustion chamber 135 to produce saturated steam and hot water. It can be used to move the saturated steam and hot water to where it is needed.

6 is an enlarged perspective view illustrating an enlarged view of the combustion unit and the reprocessing unit in FIG. 3.

Referring to FIG. 6, the combustion unit A and the reprocessing unit B are located adjacent to each other, and the reprocessing unit B is configured to drop ash or sludge from the combustion unit A so as to be collected. It is preferable to be provided below the part A.

The combustion unit A is provided with a combustion device 120 and a first screw 130, the first screw 130 is composed of a hollow pipe to move the fluid. At this time, one end of the first screw 130 is connected to the driving unit (not shown), the other end thereof is supported behind the main body 110 via a bearing (not shown).

In addition, the ash processing unit (B) is provided with a collecting device 150 in the form of a hopper to collect ash or sludge and a second screw 160 for moving them to the outside.

The second screw 160 may have a diameter smaller than that of the first screw 130. Since the temperature of the reprocessing unit B is not high, a general screw may be used without using a hollow pipe.

7 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing the structure of the boiler of FIG. 3.

As shown in FIG. 7, the biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention includes a plurality of plumbing 140, such that the water filled in the plumbing 140 and the main body 110 through which the exhaust gas moves. It is possible to greatly improve the efficiency of making saturated steam and hot water by heat exchange.

As can be seen from the figure, the space between the main body 110 and the combustion chamber 135 has a circular shape which is not closed but opened when viewed from the fuel supply part 117 in front cross section.

As such, the present invention is characterized in that the combustion device 120 is installed inside the combustion chamber 135, and in order to implement such an installation, it has to be adaptable to thermal expansion or contraction of the combustion device. The sleeve pipe is used without a separate bonding means.

Hereinafter, the operation of the biomass solid fuel boiler according to the present invention will be described.

Biomass solid fuel, such as wood pellets, is injected from the fuel supply unit 117 into the combustion device 120 inside the combustion chamber 135 for the operation of the boiler, and the combustion of the solid fuel is continued by ignition by the ignition unit. As the air is continuously injected by the blower, combustion of the solid fuel is started in earnest.

The water inside the boiler is made of high temperature hot water through heat exchange action of combustion heat generated by active combustion of solid fuel, and is further heated by heat exchange with the exhaust gas flowing through the pipe 140. You will get hot water and steam.

Meanwhile, an appropriate amount of solid fuel is continuously or periodically supplied into the combustion device 120 (the fuel supply amount can be controlled using a fuel injection screw), and together with the first unit operated by a driving unit (not shown). By the rotation of the screw 130, the solid fuel is transported to the combustion unit (A) and combustion occurs.

Of course, since water flows inside the first screw 130 at this time, the screw 130 withstands deformation even in a high temperature environment in the combustion chamber 135 by the cooling action of the water flowing inside the first screw 130. After passing through the combustion section, the water passing through the hollow pipe is introduced into the water pipe inside the boiler in the case of the hot water boiler in the high temperature state, and in the case of the steam boiler, it is transferred to the condensate tank and recycled to the boiler. This also prevents the minimum heat loss that can occur due to the cooling action of the screw in the combustion chamber.

And sludge or ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel is also repeatedly pushed back by the rotation of the first screw 130, and is passed through the combustion section (A) to the ash processing unit (B).

Ash or sludge collected by the collecting device 150 of the ash treatment unit B is pushed back by the second screw 160, and finally discharged to the outside through the sludge discharge port at the end of the combustion chamber 135 do.

In the above, certain preferred embodiments according to the present invention have been illustrated and described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can vary as many as possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention as set forth in the claims below. Changes may be made.

100: boiler 110: main body
113: combustion chamber lid 115: sleeve pipe
117: fuel supply unit 120: combustion device
123: support plate 130: first screw
135: combustion chamber 137: combustion chamber inner wall
140: association 150: collection device
160: second screw

Claims (7)

In a biomass solid fuel boiler having a fuel supply unit for supplying solid fuel, a combustion device for burning solid fuel, and a body for heating water using combustion heat,
The main body is formed to extend from the fuel supply to the sludge discharge port for discharging the sludge or ash generated by the combustion of the solid fuel,
A combustion chamber is provided inside the main body along the longitudinal direction of the main body, and a plurality of exhaust gas associations are provided between the combustion chamber and the main body, and the combustion apparatus is installed in the combustion chamber side by side along the longitudinal direction of the combustion chamber. ,
The space between the main body and the combustion chamber takes an open shape without being closed when viewed from the fuel supply side on the front end face,
The combustion chamber includes a combustion unit where direct combustion of solid fuel is performed, and a reprocessing unit positioned adjacent to the rear lower end of the combustion unit and collecting ash or sludge and discharged to the outside.
The combustion unit includes a combustion device and a first screw for transferring solid fuel,
The ash processing unit comprises a collecting device for collecting ash or sludge and a second screw for moving them to the outside. delete The method of claim 1,
The screw is a biomass solid fuel boiler, characterized in that consisting of a hollow pipe to fill the fluid therein. The method of claim 1,
The combustion apparatus is a biomass solid fuel boiler, characterized in that spaced apart by a plurality of support plates in the combustion chamber inner wall of the lower combustion chamber. The method of claim 1,
One end of the combustion device is a biomass solid fuel boiler, characterized in that installed in the lid of the combustion chamber via a sleeve pipe so as to adapt to thermal deformation. delete The method of claim 1,
One end of the first screw is connected to the drive unit, the other end of the biomass solid fuel boiler, characterized in that supported on the rear of the body via a bearing.

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