KR101352939B1 - Apparatus of purifying water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electrosorption process using carbon nanotubes or carbon nanotube-coated electrodes and to a small-scale water treatment apparatus using the same. Inorganic ion containing fluorine and nitrate nitrogen, which are representative pollutants exceeding the drinking water quality standard, An apparatus and method for effectively processing the same.
In the water treatment apparatus, the present invention includes a filtration unit 110 for filtering foreign substances contained in raw water introduced from the outside, an electrosorption electrode unit 120 for electrosorption of inorganic ions in the filtrate, and an electrical conductivity of the electrosorption electrode unit. A detection unit 130 for detecting the detection unit, a control unit 140 for receiving the detection result data of the detection unit, and controlling to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit, and inorganic ions desorbed due to the reversed potential. It characterized in that it comprises a drain portion 150 for discharging the treated water.

Description

Apparatus of purifying water

The present invention relates to an electrosorption process using carbon nanotubes or carbon nanotube-coated electrodes and to a small-scale water treatment apparatus using the same. Inorganic ion containing fluorine and nitrate nitrogen, which are representative pollutants exceeding the drinking water quality standard, An apparatus and method for effectively processing the same.

There is a growing interest in securing water resources due to the serious environmental pollution caused by population growth and industrial development.

In order to secure water resources continuously and stably, research is being actively conducted to desalination seawater, which accounts for 97.2% of the total water resources.

Seawater desalination technology has become an alternative to supply water stably in areas that suffer from lack of water each year, such as islands and coastal areas, and can build enormous environmental markets in areas where the freshwater is absolutely lacking, such as the Middle East. As a result, R & D is being promoted at the national level.

In order to secure other water resources, many studies have been attempted to remove heavy metals in the case of hard matter, nitrate nitrogen, and contaminated ground water in order to utilize the groundwater, which does not change greatly in climate or season. .

Seawater and groundwater occupy an absolute amount on Earth, but removing ionic substances is essential for use as living water.

Currently, techniques for removing ionic substances include ion exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and evaporation. These processes are appropriately selected and applied according to the concentration of salt contained in the raw water and the degree to be treated, and the technical stability is recognized.

However, these processes have various problems due to the nature of the technology. First of all, the ion exchange method has excellent performance in removing ionic substances, but there is a problem in that a high concentration of salt wastewater is generated in the process of regenerating the ion exchange resin.

In addition, the reverse osmosis membrane method and the electrodialysis method are recognized as effective processes for desalination, and the application scope is gradually increasing.However, periodic replacement of the membrane, reduction of the amount of treatment due to membrane contamination, and generation of contaminants in the membrane washing process, etc. Has a problem.

An electrosorption technique using electrochemical principles has been introduced as an alternative technique to solve the problems in the existing desalination processes.

The electrosorption technique is a technique for removing ionic substances by using an adsorption reaction in an electric double layer formed at the electrode interface when a potential is applied to the electrode.

According to the prior art, in the application number 2008-0007311, "highly purified water treatment process", the structure of the highly purified water treatment process composed of a biofilm filtration tank, a filtration tank, an ozone treatment tank; In the biofilm filtration tank, the biofilm filter plate is composed of a perforated plate and a ciliary filter medium with a plurality of pores, and the perforated plate has a circular, triangular, and square shape. It features a structure in which a lamp cell and a diffuser are installed in combination.

However, this is an advanced water treatment method that is proposed as an alternative to remove contaminants, but it has a problem of high treatment cost, high energy consumption, and rather complicated process.

In addition, as a separate management such as activated carbon washing is required, it is applied to small-scale water supply facilities and has a number of limitations in terms of scale and economics to be managed by the village representative.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for treating inorganic ions exceeding the drinking water quality standard by using an electrosorption process with low energy consumption.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to transmit the electrical conductivity detection result to the outside to receive the remote terminal to always manage the water treatment device at a remote location.

In the water treatment apparatus, the present invention includes a filtration unit 110 for filtering foreign substances contained in raw water introduced from the outside, an electrosorption electrode unit 120 for electrosorption of inorganic ions in the filtrate, and an electrical conductivity of the electrosorption electrode unit. A detection unit 130 for detecting the detection unit, a control unit 140 for receiving the detection result data of the detection unit, and controlling to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit, and inorganic ions desorbed due to the reversed potential. It characterized in that it comprises a drain portion 150 for discharging the treated water.

Meanwhile, in the method using the water treatment apparatus, (a) the control unit of the water treatment apparatus electrosorbs the inorganic ions in the water through the electrosorption electrode unit, (b) the control unit detects the electrical conductivity of the electrosorption electrode unit through the detection unit To generate detection result data; (c) controlling the control unit to receive the detection result data and to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit; and (d) the process water including inorganic ions that are detached due to the reversed potential of the control unit. Discharging step; characterized in that it comprises a.

According to the present invention as described above, it is easy to be applied to small-scale water supply facilities in terms of scale and economics, and has the advantage of being easy to be managed by the representatives or residents of the village, and additionally quantified the electrical conductivity of the water treatment device. By transmitting and displaying data to the outside, there is an effect that can always manage the water treatment device from a remote location.

1 is an overall configuration of a water treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is an overall flow chart of the water treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a detailed flowchart of the inversion control step according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Specific features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that the detailed description of known functions and constructions related to the present invention is omitted when it is determined that the gist of the present invention may be unnecessarily blurred.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figure 1 with respect to the water treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The water treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a filtration unit 110, an electrosorption electrode unit 120, a detection unit 130, a control unit 140, and a drain unit 150.

First, the filtering unit 110 is configured to filter foreign matter contained in raw water flowing from the outside.

In addition, the electrosorption electrode unit 120 is configured to electrosorb the inorganic ions in the filtered water filtered through the filtration unit.

Here, the electrosorption electrode unit 120 may include one or more pairs of positive electrode and negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode may be made of carbon nanotubes (CNT) or coated or sintered with carbon nanotubes.

It is preferable that the anode electrode and the cathode electrode are spaced at predetermined intervals. At this time, in order to remove fluorine and nitrate nitrogen present in the water through an electrosorption process using different electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention, in particular coated or sintered with electrodes or carbon nanotubes made of carbon nanotubes By using the prepared electrode, it is characterized by adsorbing and removing fluorine or nitrogen nitrate ions or the like between the pores of the carbon nanotubes.

Carbon nanotubes are sp ² rounded graphite Because of the tubular shape of the bond, the surface area per unit area is very wide, and the adsorption capacity for ions is excellent. Electrosorption technology using such carbon nanotubes can effectively remove inorganic ions of drinking water.

Carbon nanotube electrode, carbon nanotube is preferably formed on the surface, for example, it is possible to manufacture by coating or sintering carbon nanotube (CNT) and polymer on a titanium (Ti) plate, There are no particular restrictions on the type of electrode manufacturing method associated with the various compositions.

In particular, an electrode including carbon nanotubes may be provided in a variety of ways, including carbon nanotubes on a substrate of a metal or ceramic of desired shape and size (in the case of ceramics, metal coating may be applied to the surface to increase conductivity). It is possible to coat only carbon nanotubes on the surface by applying a direct current voltage using a mixed solution including a tube, spray deposition using static electricity, or aerosolize the carbon nanotubes with a transport gas. This enables large-scale production of large-area electrodes.

On the other hand, the interval between the positive electrode and the negative electrode preferably has a distance within the range of 0.1 to 1.0 cm.

Since the electrosorption electrode part according to the present embodiment is made of carbon nanotubes and organic / inorganic binders having a large specific surface area and excellent conductivity, or in particular, carbon nanotubes are exposed and coated on the surface of a metal substrate having excellent electrical conductivity, High-efficiency processing can be performed within a short time, and can be operated in a low potential region (a low potential region of 1 to 2 V).

The electrosorption electrode unit has a merit that the secondary pollutant does not occur as well as a cost saving effect by treating water without a separate chemical. In addition, it is effective to effectively treat fluorine and nitrate nitrogen, which are representative pollutants exceeding the water quality standards, especially among inorganic ions, by using an electrosorption process with low energy consumption.

In addition, the detector 130 is configured to detect the electrical conductivity of the treated water subjected to the electrosorption process through the electrosorption electrode unit and to quantify it to generate detection result data.

At this time, the detection unit 130 is disposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the electrode electrode, the sensing film 131 formed of carbon nanotubes for detecting a change in electrical conductivity; characterized in that it comprises a.

Here, the sensing film formed of carbon nanotubes is more preferably branched in the form of a comb pattern, in which case the carbon nanotubes functioning as the sensing film is deposited on the electrode of the electrosorption electrode unit 120 to This is because the measurement sensitivity can be greatly improved since the surface area of the measurement electrode is increased.

In the sensing film made of carbon nanotubes according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a voltage is applied, the electrical resistance is changed according to the amount of change of ions adsorbed on the carbon nanotubes, thereby detecting the change in electrical conductivity. Will be.

In addition, electrical conductivity refers to the degree to which a substance or solution can carry an electric current. It is an index for quickly evaluating the ionic strength of water and is expressed as the inverse of electrical resistance (Ω-1). ) Units are commonly used.

Applying a constant voltage to the two electrodes causes the applied voltage to flow, and the magnitude of the current flowing depends on the conductivity of the solution.

As an example, the resistance R for a conductor is

R = ρ * I / S

Where ρ is the specific resistance (intrinsic resistance) (Ωm), I is the distance between two electrodes (m), and S is the cross-sectional area (m2).

Therefore, the electrical conductivity L is

L = 1 / R = S / ρI

When the concentration of the conductivity aqueous solution is increased from 5% to 10% according to the change in concentration, the conductivity increases due to the difference in the intensity of the current, but when the concentration is 20%, the material having the high degree of ionization becomes smaller.

Electrolytes with a high degree of ionization have the best conductivity when the concentration is 10%, and electrolytes having a low degree of ionization have a higher conductivity as the concentration is higher.

In addition, the control unit 140 receives the detection result data of the detection unit, and controls to reverse the potential applied to the electrode electrode.

The control unit 140, the receiving module 141 for receiving the electrical conductivity detection result data from the detection unit, if the received detection result data is 150 to 300 μS (preferably 200 μS), it is applied to the electrode electrode And a switching control module 142 for reversing control to change the voltage potential, and a solenoid control module 143 for controlling the solenoid valve provided in the drain portion.

The drain unit 150 is configured to discharge treated water including inorganic ions that are desorbed due to the reversed potential.

The drain unit 150 is characterized in that it comprises a solenoid valve 151 for discharging the treated water containing inorganic ions detached due to the reversed potential in accordance with the control signal of the controller.

The apparatus for treating water according to the present embodiment includes a transmitter 160 and a remote terminal unit 170. The transmitter 160 performs a function of receiving the detection result data of the detector 130 and transmitting it to the outside. The remote terminal unit 170 performs a function of receiving and displaying detection result data received from the transmission unit at a remote location.

Electrosorption process using carbon nanotubes or carbon nanotubes coated electrode according to the present embodiment and the inorganic ion treatment system of a small water supply system using the same, it is preferable to be applied to the small-scale water supply facilities, scale and economic aspects Not only is it easy to manage, but it also has the advantage of being easy to manage by the representatives and residents of the village.In addition, it is possible to always manage the water treatment device remotely by transmitting and displaying data quantifying the electrical conductivity of the water treatment device to the outside. It works.

Meanwhile, the method using the water treatment apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

First, the water treatment device filters out foreign substances contained in raw water introduced from the outside (S2).

Next, the water treatment apparatus electrosorbs inorganic ions in the water through the electrosorption electrode unit (S4).

Next, the water treatment apparatus detects electrical conductivity of the electrosorption electrode unit through the detection unit to generate detection result data (S6).

Next, the water treatment apparatus receives the detection result data and controls to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit (S8).

Next, the water treatment apparatus discharges the treated water including the inorganic ions desorbed due to the reversed potential (S10).

Here, in step S10 according to the present embodiment, the control unit of the water treatment apparatus controls and discharges the treated water including the inorganic ions detached due to the reversed potential by controlling the solenoid valve provided in the drain portion.

The water treatment apparatus transmits the electric conductivity detection result data to the outside so that the remote terminal unit displays the detection result data (S12).

As shown in FIG. 3, the potential inversion control step according to the present embodiment will be described as follows.

The controller of the water treatment apparatus receives the detection result data generated through the detector from the detector (S22).

Next, the controller determines whether the received detection result data value is 150 to 300 μS (S24).

In step S24, the control unit controls to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit (S26).

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that numerous changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention. Accordingly, all such appropriate modifications and changes, and equivalents thereof, should be regarded as within the scope of the present invention.

110: filtration unit 120: electrosorption electrode unit
130 detection unit 131 detection film
140: control unit 141: receiving module
142: switching control module 143: solenoid control module
150: drain portion 151: solenoid valve
160: transmitting unit 170: remote terminal unit

Claims (10)

In the water treatment apparatus,
Filtration unit 110 for filtering the foreign matter contained in the raw water flowing from the outside;
An electrosorption electrode unit 120 for electrosorption of inorganic ions in the filtrate filtered through the filtration unit;
A detection unit 130 for detecting electrical conductivity of the electrosorption electrode unit;
A control unit 140 which receives the detection result data of the detection unit and controls to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit;
A drain unit 150 for discharging the treated water including inorganic ions desorbed due to the reversed potential;
A transmission unit 160 which receives the detection result data of the detection unit 130 and transmits it to the outside; And
And a remote terminal unit 170 for receiving and displaying detection result data received from the transmission unit.
The electroadsorption electrode unit 120 includes a pair of positive and negative electrodes and the negative electrode, the positive electrode and the negative electrode is characterized in that the coating or sintered carbon nanotubes and polymer on a titanium plate,
The detection unit 130 is disposed between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the electrode electrode, the sensing film 131 formed of carbon nanotubes for detecting a change in electrical conductivity; includes;
The sensing film formed of the carbon nanotubes is branched in the shape of a comb-toothed pattern and deposited on the electrode of the electrosorption electrode unit. The water treatment apparatus, characterized in that for detecting. delete delete The method of claim 1,
The control unit (140)
A reception module 141 for receiving electrical conductivity detection result data from the detection unit;
A switching control module 142 for controlling to reverse a potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit when the received detection result data is 150 to 300 µS; And
And a solenoid control module (143) for controlling the solenoid valve provided in the drain portion. The method of claim 1,
The drain unit 150,
And a solenoid valve (151) for discharging the treated water including the inorganic ions detached due to the reversed potential according to the control signal of the controller. delete In the water treatment method,
(a) filtering the foreign matter contained in the raw water introduced from the outside by the water treatment device;
(b) electrosorption of inorganic ions in water through an electroadsorption electrode portion coated or sintered with carbon nanotubes and a polymer on a titanium plate;
(c) The electrical conductivity is changed according to the change in the amount of ions adsorbed on the carbon nanotubes due to the application of voltage through a sensing film formed of carbon nanotubes deposited on the electrode of the electrosorption electrode and branched in the shape of a comb. Detecting and generating detection result data;
(d) receiving the detection result data and controlling to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode; And
(e) discharging the treated water containing inorganic ions desorbed due to the reversed potential; Including;
(f) transmitting the detection result data of the electrical conductivity to the outside so that the remote terminal unit displays the detection result data; Water treatment method comprising a further. The method of claim 7, wherein
In step (d),
(d-1) receiving, by the controller of the water treatment device, detection result data;
(d-2) determining whether the detection result data value received by the controller is 150 to 300 µS; And
(d-3) if the upper limb control unit as a result of (d-2), 150 to 300 μS, controlling to reverse the potential applied to the electrosorption electrode unit; water treatment method comprising a. The method of claim 7, wherein
The step (e)
(e-1) controlling the solenoid valve of the water treatment device to discharge the treated water including the inorganic ions that are desorbed due to the reversed potential to discharge the water; Water treatment method comprising a. delete

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