KR101345234B1 - Hazard diagnos apparatus and method with function of controlling approch distance in accordance with arc flash energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hazard diagnosis device of arc flash accident energy and a diagnosis method thereof which selectively blocks the electricity supply according to arc flash energy and an approach distance of an approach person. The hazard diagnosis device of arc flash accident energy comprises; a sensing unit which detects at least one environment information among illumination information of arc flash light inside a receiving and distributing facility, accident current information, and human body approach distance information; a diagnosis unit which infers and diagnoses arc flash accident state information inside the receiving and distributing facility based on the environment information detected from the sensing unit; and a control unit which controls an internal state of the receiving and distributing facility according to the arc flash accident state information within the receiving and distributing facility which is diagnosed from the diagnosis unit. The diagnosis unit comprises; a characteristic extracting unit which extracts the illumination information of the arc flash light inside the receiving and distributing facility, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance information based on illumination of the arc flash light inside the receiving and distributing facility, an accident current, and a human body approach distance; an inferring unit which calculates a result value capable of inferring the arc flash accident state inside the receiving and distributing facility based on the illumination information of the arc flash light, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance information received from the characteristic extracting unit; and a determination unit which determines the arc flash accident state inside the receiving and distributing facility by comparing the result value of the inferring unit with a predetermined standard. [Reference numerals] (132-1) Input module; (132-2) First half module; (132-3) Latter half module; (132-4) Output module

Description

Hazard diagnos apparatus and method with function of controlling approch distance in accordance with arc flash energy}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a risk diagnosis apparatus and a diagnostic method of a high and low voltage switchgear, a motor control panel and a distribution panel apparatus (hereinafter referred to as "water distribution equipment") for receiving and transforming high and low voltage electricity. And an apparatus for diagnosing a risk of an arc flash accident energy selectively blocking an electric supply according to an access distance of an accessor, and a diagnostic method thereof.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Generally, in a workplace of various fields such as a factory, a school, a building, and the like, equipment for performing a predetermined work using electric power includes a main body for supplying power, a working machine for performing actual work by receiving power from the main body, It consists of a cable that transmits power.

In most workplaces, the body and the machine are relatively far apart rather than adjacent. In addition, there is a central control station that detects the power consumption status of various workplaces. This central control station monitors the risk of fire caused by overloading the workplace and informs the worker that the workplace resides. It is possible to take measures to prevent the occurrence of fire.

In this way, in order to monitor the power, all the workers in the workplace should be kept waiting for the monitoring results of the central control station at all times. This causes an increase in the labor cost. If the operator does not perform the proper control operation, The risk that a disaster often occurs is always inherent.

The power distribution equipment includes various terminals, bus-bar, etc., and in consideration of safety against electric shock and fire in the course of use, it is necessary to limit the direct contact with the outside, It is necessary to install various protective devices such as circuit breakers and lightning arresters inside the enclosure considering the reliability of the insulated enclosure equipped with the switchgear door and the switchgear body and the uniform supply voltage

In order to prevent the occurrence of a fire and / or a power failure, the above-mentioned power transmission / distribution system, power distribution panel, electric motor control panel, and the like are subject to frequent safety inspection or maintenance.

This safety check and maintenance allows the manager or operator to approach within a certain distance from the power distribution facility. In addition, the safety inspection and maintenance allow the operator or manager to access live power distribution equipment. As a result, electric shock and safety accidents frequently occur in the operator or the manager.

As a method for preventing the occurrence of such a safety accident, a water distribution facility having a power shutoff function through arc flash detection is disclosed in Patent Document 1 below. The power distribution apparatus according to Patent Document 1 detects an approach distance of an operator through an approach sensor, detects an arc through an arc sensor, measures the amount of current used by the load through current sensors, It is possible to calculate the arc flashing accident energy level in consideration of the space in the distribution board and control the supply / cutoff of the electric power by selectively applying the control signal to the trip coil of the circuit breaker according to the calculated arc flashing accident energy level.

For example, the arc may not be detected by the arc sensor, and the approaching person may not be detected by the proximity sensor. In this case, the water distribution equipment can naturally perform normal operation. On the other hand, if there is no arc detection by the arc flash detection sensor but the operator's approach is detected by the proximity sensor, the characteristics of the power distribution facility such as fault current and / or short circuit current of the power distribution facility and the detected operator's The accident energy level may be determined based on the approach distance, and the breaker by the trip coil may be blocked by adjusting the current applied to the trip coil of the breaker according to the accident energy level. In addition to this, a heavy warning signal according to the approach distance of the operator can be displayed and warned through the display device. As such, the operator can see the warning and exit, and the breaker may not operate. Thereby, the damage of life and power outage can be minimized.

On the other hand, the power distribution equipment is required to stably supply power to any load without power failure. In addition, the power distribution equipment can continuously supply electric power to equipment using an arc, such as an electric arc furnace for melting the metal or the like, which is operated in the vicinity thereof. The arc flash generated in such an arc utilizing equipment may have the same or similar wavelength as the arc flash which may occur in the water distribution facility. As such, the arc sensor in the water distribution equipment can detect a normal arc flash (i.e., an external arc flash) according to a normal occurrence factor by an arc flash generated in the inside of the water distribution facility due to an accident or insulation deterioration. Therefore, the water distribution equipment according to the above Patent Document 1 can unnecessarily drive the circuit breaker or display a danger warning unnecessarily. Such unnecessary power outage may not only cause confusion in the maintenance of the power distribution equipment, but may also make normal operation of the load difficult.

As an example for solving the problem in the water distribution apparatus according to Patent Document 1, a water distribution apparatus equipped with an arc flash sensor capable of accurately detecting the position of the arc flash is disclosed in Patent Document 2 below. The water distribution facility according to Patent Document 2 allows the arc flash sensor to be configured to include an optical fiber and a fluorescence filter to block unnecessary ultraviolet rays that may flow into the sensor. In other words, the water distribution facility allows only the arc flash to be sensed by the arc flash sensor from the interior arcable area. Through this, the water distribution facility according to Patent Document 2 was intended to facilitate the maintenance work.

Korean Patent No. 10-1194708 (October 19, 2012) Korean Patent No. 10-1197021 (October 29, 2012)

However, even if the optical fiber and the fluorescent filter are mounted on the arc flash sensor, it is extremely difficult to completely block the external light that can be introduced into the sensor due to the characteristics of light. Nevertheless, an additional device may be additionally provided in the water distribution facility for perfect isolation of the external light, but this may reduce the distance between elements in the water distribution facility, which may hinder the insulation characteristics of the water distribution facility There has been a problem that the volume of the water distribution equipment can be increased.

In addition, the water distribution equipment according to Patent Documents 1 and 2 can be installed in various working environments including indoor and outdoor. As such, the illuminance around the water distribution equipment is bound to vary depending on the place and time of installation. The ambient illuminance of the power distribution equipment can not affect the detection of whether or not an arc flash having a wavelength of 300 to 1500 nm and a brightness of about 9000 lux is detected, Can have an effect. As a result, the power distribution equipment according to Patent Documents 1 and 2 can not accurately detect the strength (intensity) of the arc flash, and unnecessarily drive the circuit breaker or issue a danger warning. Such unnecessary power outage may cause confusion in the maintenance of the power distribution equipment, and may also make normal operation of the load difficult.

An object of the present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to diagnose the risk state of the arc flash accident energy of the power distribution equipment including a switchboard, a switchboard, a motor control panel, a high voltage panel, a low voltage panel, a distribution panel. It is to provide an apparatus and a diagnostic method for the risk of arc flash accident energy.

Another object of the present invention is an apparatus for diagnosing the risk of arc flash accident energy that can estimate the arc flash accident state of a switchgear by comprehensively inferring illumination information, accident current information, and human approach distance information of an arc flash light in a distribution system. And it provides a diagnostic method.

In order to achieve the above object, a risk diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention is a device for diagnosing a risk state of an arc flash accident energy of a power distribution facility including a switchboard, a switchboard, a motor control panel, a high voltage panel, a low voltage panel, and a distribution panel. And sensing means for detecting at least one environmental information of illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility, based on the environmental information detected by the sensing means. And diagnostic means for diagnosing arc flash accident state information and control means for controlling an internal state of the power distribution facility according to the arc flash accident state information in the power distribution facility diagnosed from the diagnostic means. A set of arc flash light inside the water distribution facility received from the sensing means. A feature extractor for extracting illuminance information, accident current information, and human approach distance information of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility based on the fault current and the human body approach distance, and the illuminance information of the arc flash light received from the feature extractor And an inference unit that calculates a result value capable of inferring an arc flash accident state in the distribution system based on the accident current information and the human body approach distance information, and compares the result value of the inference unit with a preset criterion. Characterized in that it comprises a determination unit for determining the arc flash accident state inside the facility.

In addition, the risk diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention, characterized in that it further comprises a warning means for warning so as to know the arc flash accident state information inside the water distribution equipment from the diagnosis means from the outside of the power distribution facility. .

In the risk diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention, the sensing means includes an arc detection unit for detecting an arc flash generated in an accommodation space inside the power distribution facility, and R, S and T phase voltage lines in the accommodation space. Phase current detection unit for sensing the current flowing through the line voltage detection unit for detecting the line voltage between the R-phase, S-phase and T-phase voltage lines in the storage space and the approach distance to the accessor approaching the storage space It characterized in that it comprises an approach distance detecting unit.

In the risk diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention, the diagnostic means detects the environmental information in a predetermined cycle and a predetermined number.

In the risk diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention, the inference unit includes at least one environmental information (feature point) of illuminance information, accident current information, and human approach distance information of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility received from the feature extraction unit. Is represented by a first-half module and a polynomial equation model that determine the membership matrix and cluster center value for the environmental information using a FCM (Fuzzy C-means) algorithm, and is trained by a weighted least square estimator (WLSE). And determining a coefficient of the polynomial, and calculating a result of inferring an arc flash accident state in the power distribution facility based on the belonging matrix and the cluster center value for the environmental information determined by the first half module. based on late RBF Neural Network).

In addition, the risk diagnostic method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a method for diagnosing the risk state of the accidental arc flash energy of the power distribution equipment including a switchboard, a switchboard, a motor control panel, a high voltage panel, a low voltage panel, a distribution panel. (A) Extracting illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility based on at least one of illuminance, fault current, and human approach distance of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility; Detecting environmental information, (b) calculating arc flash accident state information inside the water distribution facility based on the detected environmental information, and (c) based on the calculated arc flash accident state information. And determining an arc flash accident state in the water distribution facility, wherein step (b) includes (b1) in the water distribution facility. Extracting the illuminance information, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance information of the arc flash light inside the water distribution facility, (b2) which can infer the illuminance information, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance information of the arc flash light; Calculating a result value and (b3) comparing the result value with a preset criterion to determine an arc flash accident state in the power distribution facility.

In addition, the risk diagnosis method according to the invention, (d) characterized in that it further comprises the step of warning to know the arc flash accident state inside the water distribution equipment from the outside of the water distribution equipment.

In the risk diagnosis method according to the present invention, the step (a) is characterized in that detecting the environmental information in a predetermined cycle and a predetermined number.

In the risk diagnosis method according to the present invention, the step (b2) may include (b21) at least one environmental information (feature point) of illuminance information, accident current information, and human approach distance information of the arc flash light in the power distribution facility. Determining belonging matrix and cluster center value for the environmental information using Fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm, and (b22) expressed as a polynomial equation model, and learning with weighted least square estimator (WLSE) And determine a coefficient of the polynomial, and infer the arc flash accident state inside the distribution system based on the belonging matrix and the cluster center value for the environmental information. It characterized in that it comprises a step of calculating using.

As described above, according to the apparatus for diagnosing the risk of accidental arc flash energy according to the present invention and a method for diagnosing the accident, the illuminance information, the accident current information, the human body approach distance information, and the like of the arc flash light in the distribution system are comprehensively examined. The effect of being able to detect the arc flash accident state of is obtained.

In addition, according to the apparatus for diagnosing the risk of arc flash accident energy according to the present invention and a method for diagnosing the arc flash accident energy according to the present invention, an arc flash accident state is calculated using a fuzzy clustering based RBF Neural Network (FRBFNN) to accurately calculate the degree of an arc flash accident state in a switchboard. In addition, by monitoring the state inside the switchboard based on the calculated arc flash accident state, the effect that the accessor is exposed to danger can be prevented.

In addition, according to the apparatus for diagnosing the risk of accidental arc flash energy according to the present invention and a diagnostic method thereof, unnecessary power failure is prevented, and an administrator alerts the state of the interior of the switchboard to the outside for convenience and efficiency of the maintenance work of the switchboard. There is an effect that can be planned.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a water distribution facility equipped with a risk diagnosis apparatus for an arc flash accident energy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram illustrating an example of a collecting module in FIG. 1; FIG.
3 is a detailed circuit diagram illustrating an example of an arc sensing unit in FIG. 2;
4 is a detailed circuit diagram illustrating an example of the cutoff driving unit in FIG. 1;
5 is a configuration diagram of a control unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an inference unit indicating an arc flash accident occurrence index within a switchboard according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
7 is an exemplary view showing learning data for learning the inference unit of the diagnostic apparatus inside the switchboard according to an embodiment of the present invention;
8 is a flowchart illustrating a method for diagnosing risk of an arc flash accident energy in a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention.

These and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the description of the present specification and the accompanying drawings.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.

The terms first, second, A, B, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. The term " and / or " includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries are to be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the contextual meaning of the related art and are to be interpreted as either ideal or overly formal in the sense of the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a block diagram illustrating a water distribution facility equipped with a risk diagnosis apparatus for an arc flash accident energy according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the power distribution equipment including the apparatus for diagnosing the risk of accidental arc flash energy according to an embodiment of the present invention includes first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D disposed corresponding to storage spaces. It may include, but is not limited thereto. In other words, the number of the collection modules can be increased or decreased as the number of receiving spaces of the water distribution equipment is increased or decreased. In addition, the water distribution facility may include a diagnostic / blocking module 20 for inputting collected data from the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D.

The first collecting module 10A may be disposed in the first receiving space of the water distribution equipment. The second collecting module 10B may be disposed in the second receiving space of the water distribution equipment. The third collection module 10C may be disposed in the third compartment of the water distribution facility. The fourth collecting module 10D may be disposed in the fourth receiving space of the water distribution equipment.

Each of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D can sense the arc flash generated in the storage space, the temperature in the storage space, and the open / closed state of the door of the storage space. Each of the first to fourth collecting modules 10A to 10D includes three phase currents (i.e., R phase current, S phase current, and T phase current) that are distributed by the water distribution module in the corresponding storage space, A symmetrical three-phase short-circuit current, and three line voltages (ie, RS line voltage, ST line voltage and TR line voltage). Each of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D detects a distance (hereinafter, referred to as 'approach distance') to an accessor (for example, a manager or an operator) approaching the storage space . Arc flash detection signal, temperature detection signal, door detection signal, phase current detection signals, symmetrical three-phase short circuit current detection signal, line voltage detection signal detected by each of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D. And approach distance sensing signals may be transmitted to the diagnosis / blocking module 20 in the form of digital data. In order to transmit the detection signals, the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D may be commonly connected to the diagnosis / blocking module 20 by a serial bus. For example, the first to fourth acquisition modules 10A to 10D may be commonly connected to the diagnostic / blocking module 20 by RS-485 MODBUS. Each of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D may be configured as shown in FIG. 2.

2 is a detailed block diagram showing an example of the acquisition module 10 in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 2, the collection module 10 includes an arc sensing unit 11, a phase current sensing unit 12, a line voltage sensing unit 13, a temperature sensing unit 14, an approach distance sensing unit 15, The door sensing unit 16, the analog multiplexer 17, the microcomputer 18, and the serial communication unit 19 may be included.

The arc detection unit 11 may generate an arc offset voltage according to the illuminance in the storage space. Further, the arc detecting unit 11 can accurately detect an arc flash generated in the storage space by using the arc offset voltage. The arc flash sensing signal sensed by the arc sensing unit 11 may be supplied to the microcomputer 18 via the analog multiplexer 17. This arc detection unit 11 may be implemented in the form of a circuit, for example as shown in FIG. 3.

The phase current sensing unit 12 can sense currents flowing through the R phase, S phase, and T phase voltage lines (not shown) in the storage space. The phase current sensing unit 12 outputs the three phase current sensing signals (i.e., R phase, S phase, and T phase current sensing signals) and the symmetrical three phase shortcurrent sensing signal to the analog multiplexer 17, To the microcomputer 18 via the communication line. The three phase current sensing signals and the symmetrical three-phase shortcurrent sensing signal may have a value reduced by several hundreds to several thousands times as compared with actual corresponding phase currents and short-circuit currents. The phase current sensing unit 12 may be implemented by a known circuit including Hall elements disposed in the R phase, S phase, and T phase voltage lines, and buffers correspondingly connected thereto.

The line voltage sensing unit 13 can sense line voltages between R phase, S phase and T phase voltage lines (not shown) in the storage space. In addition, the line-to-line voltage sensing unit 13 supplies the three line-to-line voltage sensing signals (i.e., RS, ST and TR line voltage sensing signals) to the microcomputer 18 via the analog multiplexer 17 . The three line voltage sense signals may have a value reduced by several tens to hundreds of times as compared with the actual corresponding line voltages. This line-to-line voltage sensing unit 13 may be implemented by a known circuit including transformers connected between the R, S and T phase voltage lines, and buffers corresponding thereto.

The temperature sensing unit 14 can sense the temperature in the storage space. In addition, the temperature sensing unit 14 may supply the temperature sensing signal to the microcomputer 18 via the analog multiplexer 17. This temperature sensing unit 14 can be implemented by a known circuit including a temperature sensor and a buffer connected thereto.

The approach distance sensing unit 15 may sense an approach distance to an accessor approaching the storage space. Also, the approach distance sensing unit 15 may supply the approach distance sensing signal to the microcomputer 18 via the analog multiplexer 17. This approach distance sensing unit 15 can be implemented by a known circuit including an approach distance sensor and a buffer connected thereto.

The door sensing unit 16 may sense a state in which the door of the storage space is opened or closed. Also, the door detection unit 16 may supply the door detection signal to the microcomputer 18. The door detection unit 16 includes a contact switch which is turned on and off as the door of the storage space is opened and closed and a known circuit including a shock absorber for buffering the output signal of the contact switch in the form of a logical value Can be implemented.

The analog multiplexer 17 receives the arc flash sensing signal from the arc sensing unit 11, the phase current sensing signals from the phase current sensing unit 12, the line voltage from the line voltage sensing unit 13, The temperature sensing signal from the temperature sensing unit 15 and the approach distance sensing signal from the approach distance sensing unit 15 to the microcomputer 18. [ The selection operation of the analog multiplexer 17 can be controlled by a 4-bit selection signal from the microcomputer 18. [

The microcomputer 18 recursively changes the logic value of the selection signal supplied to the analog multiplexer 17 so that the arc flash sensing signal from the arc sensing unit 11 and the arc flash sensing signal from the phase current sensing unit 12 , Said line voltage sensing signals from said line voltage sensing unit (13), said temperature sensing signal from said temperature sensing unit (15) and said temperature sensing signal from said approach distance sensing unit (15) The distance detection signal can be cyclically scanned. In addition, the microcomputer 18 receives the arc flash detection signal, the phase current detection signals, the line voltage detection signals, the temperature detection signal, and the approach distance detection signal cyclically input from the analog multiplexer 17. Analog-to-Digital (hereinafter, referred to as 'A-D') conversion may be performed cyclically, and the converted signals may be temporarily stored in itself. Also, the microcomputer 18 outputs the arc flash sensing signal, the phase current sensing signals, the line voltage sensing signals, the temperature sensing signal and the approach distance sensing signal, which are converted / stored, from the door sensing unit 16 It can be transmitted to the diagnostic / blocking module 20 via the serial communication unit 19 together with the door detection signal. Further, the microcomputer 18 may perform the transmission of the sensing signals when a data transmission request command including a unique address assigned to the microcomputer 18 is input from the serial communication unit 19. The microcomputer 18 may include an A-D converter for A-D converting the analog sensing signals and a memory for temporarily storing the A-D converted sensing signals.

The serial communication unit 19 may transmit the data transmission request command from the diagnosis / interception module 20 shown in FIG. 1 to the microcomputer 18. In addition, the serial communication unit 19 may transmit the detection signals from the microcomputer 18 to the diagnostic / blocking module 20.

3 is a detailed circuit diagram illustrating an example of the arc detection unit 11 in FIG. 2.

As shown in FIG. 3, the arc detection unit 11 includes a visible light sensor (CDS), an ultraviolet sensor (UVS), an arc offset generator 100, an offset corrector 110, and an amplifier 120. can do.

The visible light sensor (CDS) and the arc offset generator 100 may detect the environmental arc component light according to the ambient illuminance of the water distribution equipment. In addition, the detected environmental arc component light may be supplied to the offset correction unit 110 as the arc offset voltage Voff.

The visible light sensor CDS may be connected to the first DC voltage line VCC and to the base voltage line GND via the first resistor R1. The first resistor R1 may determine the sensing sensitivity of the visible light sensor CDS. In addition, the visible light sensor CDS may have a resistance value that decreases according to the intensity of incident light. As such, an internal light sensing signal having a voltage level that increases according to the intensity of light incident on the visible light sensor CDS may be generated at a connection point between the visible light sensor CDS and the first resistor R1. The internal light sensing signal may include environmental arc component light (i.e., visible light) according to the illuminance state of the storage space of the water distribution equipment. The visible light sensor CDS may be formed of cadmium sulfide.

The arc offset generator 100 may include a first capacitor C1, a second resistor R2, and a voltage follower OP1. The second resistor R2 may be connected between the connection point of the visible light sensor CDS and the first resistor R1 and the non-inverting terminal + of the voltage follower OP1. The first capacitor C1 may be connected between the non-inverting terminal + of the voltage follower OP1 and the base voltage line GND. The second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 may form an integrator that integrates the environmental arc component light sensing signal sensed by the visible light sensor CDS. Thus, the environmental arc component light sensing signal from the connection point of the visible light sensor CDS and the first resistor R1 is integrated by the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 and then the The voltage follower OP1 may be supplied.

The voltage follower OP1 may buffer the integrated environmental arc component light sensing signal. The environmental arc component light sensing signal buffered by the voltage follower OP1 may be supplied to the offset correction unit 110 as the arc offset voltage Voff. In other words, the buffered environmental arc component light sensing signal may be supplied to the inverting terminal (−) of the first differential amplifier OP2 of the offset correction unit 110 as the arc offset voltage Voff.

The ultraviolet sensor UVS may be connected to the first DC voltage line VCC via the first variable resistor VR1 and may be connected to the ground voltage line GND. As the first variable resistor VR1 has a resistance value adjusted by an administrator or an operator, the sensing sensitivity of the ultraviolet sensor UVS may be adjusted. In addition, the ultraviolet sensor UVS may increase the amount of current according to the intensity of the incident arc light. As such, an arc flash detection signal having a voltage level that increases according to the intensity of the arc light incident on the ultraviolet sensor UVS may be generated. The arc flash detection signal may include environmental arc component light according to an illuminance state in the storage space and an arc flash that may be generated in any part of the power distribution module in the storage space.

The offset correction unit 110 offset-corrects the arc light detection signal detected by the ultraviolet sensor UVA using the arc offset voltage Voff, and converts the offset-corrected signal as an arc flash detection signal. Can provide. In other words, the offset correction unit 110 may separate-extract only the arc flash from the arc light detection signal. As such, the arc flash detection signal output from the offset correction unit 110 may include only an arc flash component that may be generated at any specific portion of the accommodation space. Accordingly, the offset correction unit 110 allows the arc flash that may be generated in the storage space to be accurately detected even when the external light of the power distribution equipment is introduced into the storage space through the ventilation hole and / or the gap. In other words, even if the operation using the arc (metal melting furnace and welding machine, etc.) is performed outside the water distribution facility, the opposition correction unit 110 can accurately detect the arc flash generated in the receiving space. The offset correction unit 110 may be configured by the first differential amplifier OP2, the third and fourth resistors R3 and R4, and the first transistor Q1.

The first differential amplifier OP2 inputs the arc light detection signal from the connection point between the ultraviolet sensor UVS and the first variable resistor VR1 toward its inverting terminal and generates the arc offset. The arc offset voltage Voff from the unit 100 may be input toward its non-inverting terminal (+). The output terminal of the first differential amplifier OP2 may be connected to the base electrode of the first transistor Q1 via the third resistor R3. The collector electrode of the first transistor Q1 may be connected to the first DC voltage line VCC, and the emitter electrode of the first transistor Q1 is a base voltage line via a fourth resistor R4. (GND).

If the arc light sensing signal on the inverting terminal (−) is not higher than the arc offset voltage Voff on the non-inverting terminal (+), the first DC voltage (i.e., the first DC voltage from the output terminal of the first differential amplifier OP2). An output voltage corresponding to VCC) may be output. As such, the first transistor Q1 may be turned off and sense the arc flash corresponding to the base voltage from the emitter electrode of the first transistor 1 turned off toward the amplifier 120. The signal can be output.

On the contrary, when the arc light detection signal on the inverting terminal (−) is higher than the arc offset voltage Voff on the non-inverting terminal (+), the arc light detection signal and the arc signal are detected from the first DC voltage VCC. An output signal of the first differential amplifier OP3 lowered by a voltage corresponding to (or proportional to) the difference voltage of the arc offset voltage Voff may be output. As such, the first transistor Q1 is turned on so that a current amount corresponding to (or proportional to) a difference voltage between the arc light sensing signal and the arc offset voltage Voff is determined by the first DC voltage line VCC. May flow from the side to the fourth resistor R4. Accordingly, the arc flash detection signal corresponding to (or proportional to) the difference voltage between the arc light detection signal and the arc offset voltage Voff is transmitted from the emitter electrode of the first transistor Q1 to the amplifier 120. ) Can be supplied.

The amplifier 120 may amplify the arc flash detection signal from the offset correction unit 102 and supply the amplified arc flash detection signal Vpas to the analog multiplexer 17 shown in FIG. 2. have. To this end, the amplifier 120 may be implemented by a first diode D1, a second capacitor C2, fifth to ninth resistors R5 to R9, and an operational amplifier OP3.

The first diode D1 and the seventh resistor R7 are disposed between the emitter electrode of the first transistor Q1 of the offset correction unit 110 and the non-inverting terminal (+) of the operational amplifier OP3. Can be connected in series. The fifth resistor R5 may be connected between the first DC voltage line VCC and the cathode electrode of the first diode D1. The sixth resistor R6 may be connected between the cathode electrode of the first diode D1 and the ground voltage line GND. The second capacitor C2 may be connected between the non-inverting terminal + of the operational amplifier OP3 and the ground voltage line GND. The eighth resistor R8 may be connected between the inverting terminal (−) and the output terminal of the operational amplifier OP3. The ninth resistor R9 may be connected between the inverting terminal (−) of the operational amplifier OP3 and the base voltage line GND.

The first diode D1 and the fifth and sixth resistors R5 and R6 may implement one level limiter. As such, the first diode D1 and the fifth and sixth resistors R5 and R6 are connected to the operational amplifier OP3 from the emitter electrode of the first transistor Q1 in the offset correction unit 110. It is possible to block the low level of the arc flash detection signal (that is, weak point arc detection signal) that can be supplied to the non-inverting terminal (+) of. That is, the first diode D1 and the fifth and sixth resistors R5 and R6 have at least a predetermined level of point arc detection signal from the emitter electrode of the first transistor Q1 of the operational amplifier OP3. It can be supplied to the non-inverting terminal (+) of. Therefore, the arc flash which can be generated at any specific part in the storage space can be detected more accurately.

The operational amplifier OP3 may amplify the arc flash detection signal input to its non-inverting terminal (+) through the first diode D1 at a constant amplification factor. The arc flash detection signal Vpas amplified by the operational amplifier OP3 may be supplied to the analog multiplexer 17 shown in FIG. 2. The amplification factor of the operational amplifier OP3 may be determined by resistance values of the seventh to ninth resistors R7 to R9. The second capacitor C2 may remove noise of a high frequency component included in the point arc detection signal supplied to the non-inverting terminal (+) of the operational amplifier OP4.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the diagnostic / blocking module 20 is based on the detection signals from the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D, and states of the power distribution modules in the storage spaces (arc). The intensity, duration, number of occurrences, temperature, phase currents, phase voltages, line voltages, appearance rate, approach distance, and whether the door is opened or closed) may be displayed. In addition, the diagnosis / blocking module 20 may further include a short circuit current and an arc fault in each of the power distribution modules in the storage spaces based on the detection signals from the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D. Current, arc flash incident energy, distance incident energy and arc flash protection boundary are calculated, and the calculated data can be used to diagnose the PPE rating for each of the storage spaces. The short circuit current, the arc fault current, the arc flash accident energy, and the distance-specific arc flash protection boundary may also be displayed. In addition, the diagnosis / blocking module 20 may selectively block power to be supplied to the power distribution modules in the storage spaces according to the PPE rating. The diagnosis / blocking module 20 may include, but is not limited to, a control unit 21, a memory 22, an input / display unit 23, an alarm unit 24, and a shut-off driving unit 25. .

The control unit 21 may include a feature extraction unit 131, an inference unit 132, a determination unit 133, and a control unit 134. The controller 134 may include a communication controller, a data processor, an arc flash calculator, an event processor, and an input / output controller. The communication controller, the data processor, the arc flash operator, the event processor, and the input / output controller may be implemented by programs executed by a processor. In addition, the control unit 21 may include at least two processors to alleviate heavy program load.

The memory 22 may include the arc flash detection signal, the phase current detection signals, the symmetrical three-phase short circuit current, and the line voltage detection signals sensed by each of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D. The temperature detection signal, the approach distance detection signal, and the door detection signal from the door detection unit 16 may be stored for each storage space. In addition, the memory 22 is the arc flash detection signal, the phase current detection signals, the symmetrical three-phase short-circuit current, the line voltage detection signals, the temperature detection signal and the access by the control unit 21 Intensity, duration and number of occurrences of the arc flash converted from a distance sensing signal, the phase currents, the symmetrical three-phase short circuit current, the line voltages and the derived phase voltages R, S and T phase voltages For example, the temperature and the access distance may be stored for each storage space.

In addition, the memory 22 is based on the arc fault current obtained from the symmetrical three-phase short-circuit current, the arc flash fault energy derived from the arc fault current, the approach distance and the approach distance obtained from the arc flash fault energy. The arc flash accident energy and the arc flash protection boundary, and the arc flash accident energy according to the approach distance and the PPE grade diagnosed by the arc flash protection boundary may be stored for each storage space.

Further, the memory 22 includes parameters required for calculating and diagnosing the arc fault current, the arc flash accident energy, the arc flash accident energy according to the approach distance, the arc flash protection boundary, and the PPE rating, Can store table and graded arc flash accident energy range table. Furthermore, the memory 22 is provided with the diagnostic / blocking programs to be performed by the control unit 21, instructions from the operator or manager input to the control unit 21, and by the control unit 21. You can save the processed temporary data.

The input / display unit 23 may transmit the parameters and commands from the user or the manager to the control unit 21 (ie, the input / output control unit). In addition, the input display section 23 is the intensity, duration and number of occurrences of the arc flash, graphics processing by the control unit 21 (ie, the input and output control section 21E), the phase currents, the symmetrical three-phase Short circuit current, the line voltages, the phase voltages, the temperature, the approach distance and the door opening and closing state, the arc fault current, the arc flash accident energy, the arc flash accident energy according to the approach distance, the arc flash protection boundary And the PPE grade and the like for each storage space. To this end, the input / display unit 23 may include a touch screen panel. For example, the input / display unit 23 may include any one of a liquid crystal touch panel and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) touch panel.

The alarm unit 24 may transmit a voice message processed by the control unit 21. In detail, the alarm unit 24 may output a voice message from the event processing unit of the control unit 21. The voice message may include a voice error message informing of occurrence of an error, the voice alert message informing of a danger according to an access distance of an accessor, and a voice cutoff message informing of a power cut.

The cutoff driving unit 25 drives a trip coil (not shown) in response to a trip control signal CSstr from the event processing unit of the control unit 21 to the power distribution modules in the storage spaces. The three-phase power supplied can be selectively interrupted. The blocking drive unit 25 may be configured as shown in FIG. 4.

4 is a detailed circuit diagram illustrating an example of the cutoff driving unit in FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 4, the cutoff driving unit 25 may include a control high voltage switch (IGBT), a bridge diode (BD), a transformer (TM1), a clock generator 200, and a switch driver 210.

The control high voltage switch (IGBT) may be connected in series with the trip coil TC. In addition, the control high voltage switch (IGBT) may form a current path of the trip coil TC when a control voltage is supplied to its control terminal. The trip coil TC may turn off the breaker of a water distribution equipment not shown when a current is supplied. As a result, the single-phase or three-phase power supplied to the loads around the power distribution equipment through the breaker of the power distribution equipment can be cut off.

The bridge diode BD may rectify the alternating-current voltage ACV flowing into the circuit breaker to generate a second direct-current voltage of a high voltage (approximately 220V). The second DC voltage generated in the bridge diode BD may be supplied to both ends of the series circuit of the control high voltage switch (IGBT) and the trip coil TC. The third variable resistor VR3 connected between both input terminals of the bridge diode BD may distribute-limit the amount of current flowing through the bridge diode BD.

The clock generator 200, the transformer TM1, and the switch driver 210 may implement one control voltage step-up circuit. The control booster circuit selectively selects the control voltage to the control terminal of the control high voltage switch IGBT according to the logic state of the trip control signal CSstr from the event processor of the control unit 21 shown in FIG. 1. Can be supplied by For example, when the trip control signal CSstr has a low logic, the control booster circuit may supply the control voltage to a control terminal of the control high voltage switch IGBT.

The clock generator 200 may be selectively driven according to the logic state of the trip control signal CSstr. For example, the clock generator 200 may be driven when the trip control signal CSstr has a low logic. The driven clock generator 200 may generate a clock signal having a predetermined frequency (for example, about 500 MHz). The clock signal generated by the clock generator 200 may be supplied to the primary coil of the transformer TM1.

The transformer TM1 transforms the clock signal from the clock generator 200 so that the second alternating voltage of the low voltage is induced in the secondary coil of the transformer TM1. The high logic value of the clock signal is about 5V of the first DC voltage VCC, while the maximum value of the second AC voltage may be a voltage level two times higher than the first DC voltage VCC.

The switch driver 210 may generate the control voltage in the DC voltage form from the second AC voltage from the secondary coil of the transformer TM1. In addition, the switch driver 210 may supply the control voltage to the control terminal of the control high voltage switch (IGBT). To this end, the switch driver 210 includes the second diode D2, the third and fourth capacitors C3 and C4, the tenth through fourteenth resistors R10 through R14, the second variable resistor VR2 and It may include two differential amplifier (OP4).

The second diode D2 and the third capacitor C3 rectify and smooth the second AC voltage from the secondary coil of the transformer TM1 to generate a third DC voltage. The third DC voltage may have a voltage level approximately two times higher than the first DC voltage VCC.

The second variable resistor VR2 and the tenth resistor R10 divide the third DC voltage from the cathode of the second diode D3 to divide the divided voltage (hereinafter, referred to as a first divided voltage). ) Can be created. The first divided voltage may be supplied to a non-inverting terminal (+) of the second differential amplifier OP4.

The eleventh and twelfth resistors R11 and R12 divide the third DC voltage from the cathode of the second diode D2 to generate a divided voltage (hereinafter referred to as 'second divided voltage'). can do. The second divided voltage may be supplied to the inverting terminal (−) of the second differential amplifier OP4.

The second differential amplifier OP4 differentially-amplifies the first and second divided voltages supplied to its non-inverting and inverting terminals to generate the control voltage having a voltage level approaching the third DC voltage. can do. The level of the control voltage may be determined by a difference between the first and second divided voltages. In other words, the magnitude of the control voltage is determined by the ratio of the resistance value of the second variable resistor VR2 and the tenth resistor R10 and the resistance value ratio of the eleventh and twelfth resistors R11 and R12. Can be determined. As such, the control voltage may be adjusted high or low by adjusting the resistance value of the second variable resistor VR2. The thirteenth and fourteenth resistors R13 and R14 and the third capacitor C3 may serve to stabilize the control voltage which is an output of the second differential amplifier OP7.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the communication control unit of the control unit 21 performs a cyclic scan of the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D at predetermined time intervals so that the first to fourth collection modules 10A to 10D) the detection signals from each (ie, the arc flash detection signal, phase current detection signals, which may include the intensity, duration and number of occurrences of the arc flash, the symmetrical three-phase short-circuit current detection signal, the Line voltage detection signals, the temperature detection signal, the approach distance detection signal and the door detection signal) may be input. In addition, the communication controller may store the input detection signals in the memory 22. In addition, the communication control unit may call the data processing unit 21D.

Next, the structure of the said control unit 21 is demonstrated concretely according to FIG. 6 and FIG.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an inference unit indicating an arc flash accident occurrence index within a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an inference portion of a diagnostic apparatus inside a switchgear according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is also an example showing learning data for learning.

As shown in FIG. 6, the control unit 21 extracts and diagnoses an arc flash accident occurrence index inside the power distribution facility based on the environmental information of the water distribution facility detected from the arc detection unit 11. The extraction unit 131, the inference unit 132, the determination unit 133, and the controller 134 may be included.

6 and 7, the inference unit 132 is received from the feature extraction unit 131 (in this embodiment, the illumination information, incident current information, human body approach distance information of high-brightness light generated in the arc flash accident) Using three feature points) The three feature points may be used to calculate a result value for determining the possibility of occurrence of an arc accident inside the switchgear. As an inference engine, as shown in FIG. 6, a fuzzy clustering-based RBF neural system is used. Network (Fuzzy clustering based RBF Neural Network (FRBFNN)).

The inference unit 132 may include an input module 132-1, a first half module 132-2, a second half module 132-3, and an output unit module 132-4. Here, the reasoning unit 132 expresses the possibility of occurrence of an arc accident by using three minutiae points, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

개의 특징점(x1, . .., xl)을 수신할 수 있다. 여기서, x1, x2, x3은 각각 특징점1, 특징점2, 특징점3을 의미한다.The input module 132-1 receives the illuminance information, fault current information, human approach distance information, and the like of the arc flash light received from the feature extraction unit 131

(X1, ..., xl). Here, x1, x2 and x3 mean feature point 1, feature point 2 and feature point 3, respectively.

The first half module 132-2 may be a fuzzy C-means (FCM) and may use the FCM to determine the input space segmentation and the active level of the input values in each space. In addition, in the first half module 132-2, the learning of the membership function of the FRBFNN is performed by the FCM, and a membership value may be determined according to the execution result.

The second half module 132-3 may be a local model in each purge space, and the second half module 132-3 may be expressed as a polynomial equation model. In addition, in the second half module 132-3, the polynomial learning may be performed by a weighted least square estimator (WLSE).

The FRBFNN may be expressed in an " if-then " fuzzy rule form as shown in Equation 1 below, and a polynomial form of the second half module 132-3 may be expressed as Equation 2 below.

In addition, the polynomial of the second half module 132-3 represents the fitness of the individual chromosomes and can be searched using a genetic algorithm having an optimal fitness.

가 j 번째 클러스터 A_j의 조건을 만족시키면 후반부모듈의 출력 데이터

가 얻어지고, 이 값은 하기의 수학식 2와 같은 다항식으로 표시되는 함수

의 값이 된다.Equation (1) represents the number of input data

Output data of the second half module when the j th cluster A _j is satisfied

And this value is a function expressed by a polynomial equation as shown in the following equation (2)

≪ / RTI >

는 j 번째 클러스터의 중심값을 나타낸다. 아래 네 개의 다항식 가운데 어떤 다항식을 사용할 것인지와, 다항식의 차수는 유전알고리즘을 사용하여 결정될 수 있다. here,

Represents the center value of the j-th cluster. Of the four polynomials below, the polynomial to be used and the order of the polynomial can be determined using genetic algorithms.

는 j번째 규칙에 대한 후반부모듈로써 j번째 입력공간에 대한 로컬모델이며,

는 j번째 규칙에 대한 중심점으로써 FCM으로부터 얻어진다. That is, L denotes the number of input variables such as illumination information of the arc flash light, fault current information, human body approach distance information, and R ^j denotes the j-th fuzzy rule. J = 1,... , n to n means the number of fuzzy rules,

Is the latter module for the jth rule, which is the local model for the jth input space,

Is obtained from FCM as the center point for the j th rule.

In addition, the FRBFNN model can be expressed as Equation 3 below, in the risk diagnosis device of the arc flash accident energy of the present invention by comparing the output data of the second half module (132-3) and the predetermined clean standards of the switchboard live part Arc flash accidents can be determined.

는 j 번째 입력공간에 대한 입력 데이터들의 활성레벨(소속 값)을 나타낼 수 있다. 즉,

는 퍼지의 적합도로서 가중치를 의미할 수 있다. 또한,

는 로컬의 입출력 관계식을 의미할 수 있다. Where n is the number of clusters (fuzzy rules),

May represent an activation level (own value) of the input data for the j th input space. In other words,

May mean a weight as a goodness of fit of the fuzzy. Also,

May mean a local input / output relationship.

는 입력 값이 각 규칙에 대하여 어느 정도의 영향력을 미치는지를 의미하는 값으로서 FCM(전반부모듈(132-2))으로부터 계산될 수 있다. In other words,

May be calculated from the FCM (first half module 132-2) as a value indicating how much influence the input value has on each rule.

Here, the number of rules can be determined by any experience. In the present invention, the number of rules is set to 10, and generally can be determined as a value between 5 and 20.

In addition, in order to use the FRBFNN as an inference engine of the risk diagnosis apparatus of the arc flash accident energy of the present invention, the FRBFNN must be learned through learning data. In the present invention, in order to determine the degree of arc flash accident possibility inside the switchboard, it is possible to use the learning data of the type shown in FIG.

Specifically, experimental data must be acquired for learning. At this time, the experimental data 1, 2 and 3 must be measured simultaneously. For example, referring to FIG. 4, 100 data sets according to changes may be collected in an experimental environment in which changes in illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of arc flash light may be set.

For the collected dataset, you can define the degree of arc flash incident, which is the output value of FRBFNN.

For example, the output value y can be defined as 100 when the possibility of accidents is highest, and y can be defined as 0 when the possibility of accidents is the lowest.

On the other hand, FRBFNN performs the first half learning and the second half learning sequentially, the first half learning is performed by the FCM algorithm, and the second half learning is performed by the WLSE. FCM is an algorithm based on fuzzy set theory and least-squares error evaluation by improving initial C-Means clustering.

An important difference between FCM and C-Means clustering is that in the C-Means clustering algorithm, arbitrary data can belong to multiple clusters with a degree of membership specified by membership values between 0 and 1. However, the FCM uses the objective function (cost function) to classify the cost function to the minimum while partitioning the data.

The membership matrix u may have a value between 0 and 1, and the sum of degree of belonging to which the given data belongs to each cluster may be 1 as shown in Equation (4) below.

Where n is the number of clusters and m is the number of data.

In addition, the cost function in the FCM can be generalized as Equation (5) below.

는 0과 1 사이의 값이며,

는 i번째 클러스터의 중심값을 의미하고,

은 퍼지화 계수를 의미한다. 또한,

는 i번째 클러스터의 중심과 j번째 데이터 사이의 거리로써 하기의 수학식 6과 같이 정의되는 정규화된 유클리디안 거리를 사용한다.here,

Is a value between 0 and 1

Denotes the center value of the i-th cluster,

Means the fuzzy factor. Also,

Uses the normalized Euclidean distance defined by the following equation (6) as the distance between the center of the i-th cluster and the j-th data.

은

번째 변수의 분산을 의미한다.Where r is the dimension of the input space

silver

The variance of the second variable.

By using the normalized Euclidean distance, it is possible to prevent a large input variable from affecting the center of the cluster more than a small input variable.

On the other hand, the necessary condition for minimizing the cost function of Equation (8) is as shown in Equation (6) and Equation (7).

The FCM performs iterative processing until it does not further improve the above Equation (7) and Equation (8). Here, the fuzzy factor is used to determine the degree of normalization, and this value affects the performance of the FRBFNN and can be optimized later using genetic algorithm.

와 클러스터 중심값

를 결정할 수 있다.Specifically, the FCM belongs to the matrix using the steps to be described later

And the cluster center value

Can be determined.

를 초기화한다(단계 1). 다음에, 상기 수학식 7을 이용하여 클러스터의 중심값

를 계산한다(단계 2). 다음으로, 상기 수학식 5의 비용함수를 계산한다. The FCM satisfies Equation (4) above, and the membership matrix having a random value between 0 and 1

Initialize (step 1). Next, using the above Equation (7), the center value of the cluster

Calculate (step 2). Next, the cost function of Equation (5) is calculated.

를 계산하고, 상기 단계 2를 수행한다.If the result of the calculation of the cost function is less than or no longer improved, the calculation is stopped (step 3). Next, using the following equation (8), a new member matrix

Calculate and perform step 2 above.

가 결정되며, 상기 수학식 1에서 입력벡터

에 대한 멤버쉽 값은 상기 수학식 8의 다른 표현인 하기의 수학식 9로부터 계산된다.As described above, from the FCM algorithm, the center value of each cluster

Is determined, and in Equation (1), the input vector

Is calculated from Equation (9), which is another expression of Equation (8). &Quot; (9) "

는 j번째 규칙(클러스터)에 대한 소속 값을 의미하며, p는 퍼지화 계수를 의미한다. 멤버쉽 값은 클러스터의 중심으로부터 거리가 가까울수록 커지며 다른 클러스터의 중심에 영향을 받는다.here,

Denotes the membership value for the jth rule (cluster), and p denotes the fuzzy coefficient. The membership value increases as the distance from the center of the cluster increases and is affected by the center of the other clusters.

The second half learning determines the coefficients of the polynomial equation of the latter half, and is performed using the WLSE. The coefficient of the polynomial equation is calculated so that the value of the performance evaluation function of Equation (10) is minimized. , Can be expressed as the following Equation (11).

는 추정하고자 하는 j번째 다항식의 계수이며,

는 출력되는 데이터를 의미한다.

는 j번째 입력공간에 대한 입력 데이터들의 활성레벨(소속 값)을 의미하며, 하기의 수학식 12로부터 계산된다.here,

Is the coefficient of the jth polynomial to be estimated,

Means the data to be output.

(Membership value) of the input data for the j-th input space, and is calculated from the following equation (12).

는 j번째 로컬모델의 계수를 추정하기 위한 입력데이터 행렬을 의미하며, 로컬모델이 선형일 경우 하기의 수학식 12와 같이 정의된다.here,

Denotes an input data matrix for estimating the coefficients of the j-th local model, and is defined as Equation (12) when the local model is linear.

Here, m means the number of data.

Further, the coefficient of the polynomial, which is a local model for the jth rule, is calculated by the following equation (13).

The FRBFNN is learned by the FCM and the WLSE in the first half and the second half. However, the number of rules, the order of the second half polynomial, and the value of the fuzzy coefficient used in the FCM must be determined in advance.

The output of the output module 132-4 is learned to output a value between 0 and 100.

The FRBFNN finally constructed through learning is Equation (3) described above. When the feature point 1, the feature point 2, and the feature point 3 are inputted, the possibility of arc flash incident is calculated and output.

Here, the degree of arc flash accident probability may be output as a value between 0 and 100, and as shown in FIG. It can be displayed and the value of the probability of an arc flash accident can be displayed as a value.

For example, in order to calculate the degree of an arc flash accident possibility, the determining unit 133 of the control unit 21 compares the output value from the inference unit 132 with a preset clean criterion to determine the possibility of an arc flash accident inside the switchboard. You can judge the degree.

For example, if the pre-set criterion is less than 20, the possibility of an arc flash accident is normal, and if the probability of an arc flash accident is 20 to 70, it is a caution state. If it is set, the possibility of an arc flash accident is determined to be a blocking state when the degree is 80, so that an alarm or a breaker can be interrupted for each state.

Next, a risk diagnosis method of the arc flash accident energy according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 8.

8 is a flowchart illustrating a risk diagnosis method of an arc flash accident energy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the risk diagnosis method of the arc flash accident energy includes an arc detection unit 11, a phase current detection unit 12, a line voltage detection unit 13, and a temperature detection unit 14 installed at one side of a power distribution facility. ), Through the optical fiber arc sensor, current sensor, distance sensor and the like provided in the approach distance detection unit 15, the illuminance information, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance information of the arc flash light are introduced into the interior, and various sensor devices and The control device is installed and controlled.

First, the illuminance information, the accident current information, and the human body approach distance of the arc flash light from the arc detection unit 11, the phase current detection unit 12, the line voltage detection unit 13, and the approach distance detection unit 15 inside the power distribution facility. At least one state information of the information is detected (S100).

In addition, the degree of an accident inside the power window can be calculated based on the detected state information (S110), and the degree of an arc accident inside the power window can be controlled based on the calculated degree of the degree of an accident (S120).

Here, the state information may be detected by a preset period and a preset number.

In addition, the risk diagnosis method of the arc flash accident energy may further include a step of warning to know the arc flash accident information inside the water distribution equipment from the outside of the water distribution facility.

Specifically, the step S110 is the illuminance information, the accident current information, the human body approach distance of the arc flash light from the arc detection unit 11, the phase current detection unit 12, the line voltage detection unit 13 and the approach distance detection unit 15. Based on the information, the status information inside the distribution system is extracted. According to the extracted information, it is possible to calculate a result value that can infer the state of the arc flash incident inside the power distribution facility.

Specifically, in step S110, the environmental information (feature point) of at least one of illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of the received arc flash light in the power distribution facility is installed using an FCM algorithm. Affiliation matrix and cluster center for information can be determined.

Next, it is expressed as a polynomial equation model and is learned by WLSE (Weighted Least Square Estimator) to determine the coefficients of the polynomial equation. Based on the membership matrix and the cluster center value for the environment information, Can be calculated using FRBFNN (Fuzzy clustering based RBF Neural Network).

Next, step S110 compares the result of inferring the arc flash accident state in the power distribution facility with a preset reference, determines the arc flash accident state in the power distribution facility, and transmits the result to the controller 134.

The control unit 134 transmits the arc flash accident status information in the power distribution facility diagnosed by the administrator terminal to control the degree of the arc flash accident status based on the calculated arc flash accident status information, or the input / display unit 23 and the alarm unit. Can be sent to 24 to allow the administrator to be aware of an arc flash incident.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

By using the apparatus for diagnosing the risk of arc flash accident energy according to the present invention and the diagnostic method thereof, it is possible to automatically determine the arc flash accident status of the distribution system.

10A to 10D; Collection module 11; Arc detection unit
12; A phase current detection unit 13; Line voltage detection unit
14; Temperature sensing unit 15; Access distance detection unit
16; A door detection unit 17; Analog multiplexer
18; Microcomputer 19; Serial communication section
20; Diagnostic / blocking module 21; The control unit
131; Feature extractor 132; Inference
133; Determination unit 134; The control unit

Claims (9)

As a device for diagnosing the risk state of the accidental arc flash energy of a power distribution facility including a power panel, a power distribution panel, a motor control panel, a high voltage panel, a low voltage panel, and a distribution panel.
Detecting means for detecting environmental information of at least one of illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of arc flash light in the water distribution equipment;
Diagnosis means for diagnosing the arc flash incident state information in the water distribution facility based on the environmental information detected by the sensing means;
And control means for controlling an internal state of the power distribution facility according to the arc flash accident state information in the power distribution facility diagnosed from the diagnosis means.
Wherein the diagnostic means comprises:
A characteristic of extracting illuminance information, fault current information, and human approach distance information of the arc flash light in the water distribution equipment based on the illuminance, fault current, and human body approach distance of the arc flash light in the water distribution facility received from the sensing means The extraction unit,
A reasoning unit for calculating a result value capable of inferring an arc flashing accident state in the water distribution equipment based on illuminance information, accident current information, and human body approach distance information of the arc flash light received from the feature extraction unit;
And a determination unit for comparing the result of the inference unit with a predetermined standard to determine an arc flash accident state in the power distribution facility. The method of claim 1,
And warning means for alerting the arc flash accident state information in the water distribution facility from the diagnosis means to be known from the outside of the water distribution facility. The method of claim 1,
Wherein the sensing means comprises:
An arc detection unit detecting an arc flash generated in a storage space inside the water distribution facility;
A phase current sensing unit configured to sense currents flowing through the R phase, S phase, and T phase voltage lines in the storage space;
A line voltage sensing unit for detecting line voltages between the R phase, S phase and T phase voltage lines in the storage space;
And an approach distance detecting unit detecting an approach distance with an accessor approaching the storage space. The method of claim 1,
And the diagnostic means detects the environmental information in a predetermined cycle and in a predetermined number. 5. The method of claim 4,
The reasoning unit,
(Fuzzy C-means) algorithm of at least one environment information (feature point) among the illuminance information, arc current information, and human body approach distance information of the arc flash light received from the feature extraction unit, A first half module for determining a belonging matrix and a cluster center value for environment information;
Expressed as a mathematical model in a polynomial form, and trained with a weighted least square square estimator (WLSE) to determine coefficients of the polynomial and based on the membership matrix and cluster center value for the environmental information determined in the first half module. And a second half module that calculates a result value capable of inferring an arc flash accident state in a power distribution facility by using a fuzzy clustering based RBF neural network (FRBFNN). As a method for diagnosing the risk state of the accidental arc flash energy of a power distribution facility including a power panel, a power distribution panel, a motor control panel, a high voltage panel, a low voltage panel, and a distribution panel,
(a) extracting roughness information, fault current information, and human approach distance information of the arc flash light in the water distribution facility based on at least one of illuminance, fault current, and human approach distance of the arc flash light in the water distribution facility, Detecting information,
(b) calculating arc flash accident state information in the power distribution facility based on the detected environmental information;
(c) determining an arc flash accident state inside the power distribution facility based on the calculated arc flash accident state information;
The step (b)
(b1) extracting roughness information, fault current information, and human approach distance information of arc flash light in the water distribution facility based on the inside of the water distribution facility;
(b2) calculating a result value capable of inferring illuminance information, fault current information, and human body approach distance information of the arc flash light; and
(b3) comparing the result value with a predetermined criterion to determine an arc flash accident state inside the power distribution facility. The method according to claim 6,
and (d) warning the arc flash accident state inside the water distribution plant to be known from the outside of the water distribution plant. The method according to claim 6,
The step (a) is a risk diagnosis method, characterized in that for detecting the environmental information in a predetermined cycle and a predetermined number. 9. The method of claim 8,
The step (b2)
(b21) at least one environmental information (characteristic point) of the arc flash light in the water distribution facility, fault current information, and human body approach distance information is calculated using FCM (Fuzzy C-means) Determining a membership matrix and a cluster center value; and
(b22) It is represented by a mathematical model in the form of a polynomial, and is trained by a weighted least square square estimator (WLSE) to determine coefficients of the polynomial, and based on the belonging matrix and the cluster center value for the environmental information, the water distribution facility. And calculating a result value from which an internal arc flash accident state can be inferred using a fuzzy clustering based RBF neural network (FRBFNN).

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