KR101341342B1 - Apparatus for manufacturing hybrid metal material - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a hybrid metal material by applying pressure to different kinds of metals comprising: a container for containing different kinds of duo cast materials, in which a core is formed inside a covering material, and a pressure medium, which is arranged in a rear end of the duo cast material; a die, which is arranged in a progress direction of the duo cast material for extruding the duo cast material; a RAM, which is arranged in a rear end of the duo cast material while being fixated to a pressurization block, for pressurizing the duo cast material; and a heat block, which is arranged outside the container, not only for heating the duo cast material but also for dissolving the pressure medium in a liquid state at the same time.

Description

Apparatus for manufacturing hybrid metal material by simultaneous deformation and diffusion control {Apparatus for manufacturing hybrid metal material}

The present invention relates to a hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus by simultaneous control of deformation and diffusion, and more particularly, to deform while having a histologically continuous interface by inducing a diffusion mechanism by the shape deformation and thermal activation of the stacked dissimilar metals. The present invention relates to a hybrid metal material production apparatus by controlling deformation and diffusion at the same time to effectively exhibit the dominant characteristics of each metal.

Currently, copper (Cu) made of a single metal is generally used for various electric conductors requiring electric conduction, such as power transmission lines and underground cable.

Such a single metal copper may be manufactured in the form of rod, wire, pipe, etc. according to the shape of the electrical conductor used, a multi-stage rolling process is the mainstream.

1 is a process diagram schematically illustrating the multistage rolling process described above. After manufacturing an ingot through a casting process of a molten copper of a single metal, the ingot is roughly subjected to multistage rolling by at least 10 steps of rollers. Wire rod is 8mm class. In addition, a single copper metal wire can be produced into a wire rod having a final required diameter (about 2.6 mm or less) through a drawing process.

However, in the multi-stage rolling, the rollers of the multi-stage roller are installed in the lengthwise direction, and the rolling apparatus has a complicated problem. In addition, the copper single material is expensive and has a high specific gravity. have.

Therefore, a method of using aluminum as a low cost and low specific gravity instead of copper to multi-stage rolled aluminum (Al) as a single material electrical conductor has been proposed, but the electrical conductivity of aluminum is about 56% when compared with copper. There is only a problem.

Moreover, both copper and aluminum are limited in their application to various environments due to the limited limitations of single materials and relatively limited in shape freedom.

In recent years, continuous research and development has been carried out to realize the multi-functionality of metal materials and to overcome the functional limits by alloying existing materials or composite materials, but this requires more new processes with high cost and low efficiency. Is struggling to develop new processes.

In particular, recently used composite materials require a hybrid wire (duplex wire) that can be used in an environment requiring high specific conductivity (surface-to-conduction ratio) and surface characteristics such as corrosion resistance and bonding properties. In order to strengthen the competitiveness of electrical, electronic components, automobiles, aerospace and telecommunications, electric conductors having improved multifunctionality and critical limits are required.

In other words, according to the development of innovative advanced technology worldwide and the high quality of the product, the technical requirements in terms of shape and function of metal materials are complicated and more stringent characteristics are required.

On the other hand, in the case of copper clad aluminum of the above composite material, by using a light weight aluminum material as a core material and by using a copper having excellent electrical conductivity as a coating material to produce a heterogeneous (hybrid) metal material, Based on the light weight of aluminum and excellent corrosion resistance and thermal conductivity, it has many advantages to obtain excellent electrical conductivity of copper.

As a method for manufacturing copper clad aluminum, in Japan, the study was conducted on the bonding of the layered composite material by the die and the process conditions during extrusion using hydrostatic extrusion in the extrusion process. The research on the situation is insufficient.

In addition, some companies in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan have been steadily developing technology for Al / Cu (Copper sheath aluminum rod, plates) by the indirect extrusion method in the UK HYDROSTATIC EXTRUSION CO. The company manufactures by indirect extrusion method by controlling extrusion process such as shape control of extrusion mold and using lubricant.

However, the direct and indirect extrusion method has a problem in that the cross-sectional shape of the raw material extruded by friction between the raw material, the container, and the die is unevenly produced as shown in FIG. 2.

In addition, Copperweld of the United States produces and manufactures various copper clad wires (CCA: Copper Clad Aluminum, CCS: Copper Clad Steel).

However, in the case of the CCA shown in FIG. 3, there is a problem in that it is impossible to avoid a harmful welding surface due to the process characteristics of welding a part of the copper coated on the outside of the aluminum, and copper and aluminum are laminated by simple pressure welding. Since the interface is incomplete, the electrical properties are lowered, and the welding process requires a separate work, and thus the yield of the product is very low, resulting in a decrease in productivity.

In particular, in order to bond different types of metal materials to each other and use them as electrical conductors, the interface between the core and the two metals used as the cladding should be completely combined mechanically, and therefore, different materials having different mechanical properties should be used. It should be possible to manufacture without defects by uniform flow without breakage, but the above-mentioned prior arts do not solve this problem.

An object of the present invention has been proposed to improve the conventional characteristics as described above, each metal before deformation while inducing the diffusion mechanism by the shape deformation and thermal activation of the stacked dissimilar metal having a histologically continuous interface. The present invention provides a hybrid metal material production apparatus by controlling the deformation and diffusion at the same time to effectively exhibit the dominant characteristics it has.

The present invention has the following structure in order to achieve the above object.

An apparatus for manufacturing a hybrid metal material by applying pressure to a heterogeneous metal of the present invention, the apparatus comprising: a container accommodating a heterogeneous duocast material having a core material formed inside a coating material and a pressure medium disposed at a rear end of the duocast material; A die disposed in a traveling direction of the duocast material to extrude the duocast material; A ram disposed at a rear end of the duocast material and fixed to the pressing block to pressurize the duocast material; And a heating block disposed outside the container to heat the duocast material and simultaneously dissolve the pressure medium in a liquid state.

And the pressing block is provided with a guide block for guiding the ram in the advancing direction.

In addition, the pressure medium is coated between the coating material and the die together with the extrusion of the duocast material to form a coating of a hydronamic film that lubricates the surface of the coating material.

The pressure medium is a linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE).

In addition, a support block is provided on one side of the die, and the support block cools the duocast material that is extruded.

According to the present invention, after the duocast material is subjected to a static diffusion reaction at a constant pressure and a predetermined time and temperature less than the extrusion critical pressure to form a diffusion layer at the interface between the core material and the coating material, the speed, time and pressure determined by the extrusion critical pressure At the temperature, the dynamic diffusion reaction proceeds to further enlarge the depth of the diffusion layer.

Therefore, the harmful interface generated at the contact interface of the dissimilar material can be minimized to stabilize the contact interface. Therefore, the diffusion layer can be uniformly formed to express and maintain the true bonding strength between the two materials. It is effective to manufacture a product in which dominant properties are combined among various mechanical properties.

Moreover, when the hybrid metal material is used as a power transmission and distribution line, high electric conductivity can be secured and reduced in weight, so that the electric conductivity can be improved as compared with the existing aluminum power line, and the degree of deflection of the power line can be significantly reduced to reduce the steel tower. There is also an effect that can significantly reduce the number of.

In addition, by reducing the weight and manufacturing cost through the application of transmission and distribution power lines for hybrid metal materials, the competitiveness of related industries can be improved, and the share of the domestic and global market can be greatly increased. In addition, the company's awareness and profitability can be further increased.

1 is a process diagram schematically showing a rolling process of a multi-stage shape for producing a conventional single material.
Figure 2 is a comparison of the schematic diagram of the apparatus for direct extrusion and indirect extrusion of different materials by the prior art and the cross-sectional shape of the material to be extruded.
Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a copper clad wire (CCA) according to the prior art and its interface cross-sectional view.
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus for producing a hybrid metal material according to the present invention.
5 to 7 is a view showing the operating state of the apparatus for producing a hybrid metal material according to the present invention.
8 is a graph showing a process of static diffusion reaction and dynamic diffusion reaction according to the present invention.
Figure 9 is an enlarged view showing the deformation and diffusion state of the diffusion layer at the interface through the static diffusion reaction and dynamic diffusion reaction according to the present invention.
10 is a graph showing the conductivity and weight of the hybrid metal material produced by the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention in comparison with a conventional single aluminum material.
Figure 11 is a graph showing the ear canal over time of the hybrid metal material produced by the manufacturing apparatus of the present invention compared to a conventional single aluminum material.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described below. These embodiments are provided to explain in detail the present invention to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the shape of each element shown in the drawings may be exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by terms. Terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

4 to 7 illustrate a hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus according to the deformation and diffusion control of the present invention, the container 10, the die 20, the base 30, the heating block 40, the ram ( 50) and the pressure block 60 is configured.

In detail, first, the container 10 is formed to accommodate the duocast material 13 and the pressure medium 14 because the container 11 is formed with an open space 11 before and after.

In addition, one side of the space 11 of the container 10 is formed with an inclined inlet 12 extending outward from the diameter of the space 11 so that it can be inserted smoothly when the ram 50 will be described later. have.

Here, the duocast material 13 is cast by controlling the interface while melting two different dissimilar metals having different melting points at the same time, thereby casting the coating material 13b outside the core material 13a or the tube-type coating material 13b. A rod-shaped core material 13a having a larger diameter than the inner diameter is press-fitted into the inner diameter of the coating material 13b to refer to a configuration made of a duo-cast material composed of heterogeneous materials.

And the core material (13a) used as a duocast material used in the present invention is appropriate to use aluminum, the coating material (13b) to use copper, in addition to this, other heterogeneous metal materials may be applied, this also Inclusion in the composition of the invention corresponds to obvious matters.

In addition, since the core material 13a and the cover material 13b are different metals, the flow stress and mechanical properties thereof are different. Therefore, the core material 13a and the coating material 13b are designed with a constant cross-sectional ratio so as to obtain a hybrid metal material having a center of gravity without causing distortion or unexpected deformation after extrusion. It is appropriate.

In addition, the container 10 located at the rear end of the duocast material is provided with a built-in pressure medium 14 made of a solid phase.

Here, the pressure medium 14 may be suitably a linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE), and is dissolved in a liquid state before extrusion by the heating block 40 to be described later.

That is, in the extrusion process, the melted pressure medium 14 is introduced between the coating material 13b and the die 20, and exits the die 20 together with the surface of the duocast material 13, thereby forming the surface of the coating material 13b. A lubricating hydronamic film is formed.

The die 20 is mounted in the lower portion of the space 11 of the container 10. The die 20 is gradually drawn toward the front so that the duocast material 13 can be deformed and extruded. Form a narrow gap.

In addition, the inclined tube 21 inclined in the direction in which the dewar cast material 13 is press-fitted from the tip of the outlet pipe 22 is formed to induce the press-fit of the tuocast material 13.

The base 30 is a structure for supporting the lower surface of the die 20 is fixed by a support block 31 having an opening hole 32 on the extension line of the space 11 and the outlet pipe 22, A function of cooling the tuocast material passing through the support block 31 may be performed.

That is, in the container 10 is heated in the high temperature tuocast material is passed through the die and cooled by the support block to drop the temperature to maintain the deformed form by extrusion.

The heating block 40 is a means for heating the pressure medium 14 and the tubocast material inserted into the space 11 of the container 10 as described above, a plurality of heating wires surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the container 10 It consists of a heater consisting of.

That is, by installing a heating block 40 such as a heater outside the container 10 to heat the duocast material and the pressure medium 14, the solid pressure medium 14 to the liquid pressure medium 14 To dissolve.

In addition, the heating block 40 is fixed to the container by the upper and lower portions of the lower holder 41 and the lower holder 42 while wrapping the container 10.

The ram 50 has a diameter equal to the diameter of the space 11 of the container 10 and applies a constant pressure to the pressure medium 14 inserted into the space. The ram 50 has a container (on the outer circumferential surface of the front end of the ram 40). Sealing (not shown) is coupled to be transported in close contact with the space 11 of 10 to maintain the watertightness of the melted pressure medium 14.

The pressure block 60 is a hydraulic press (not shown) is installed on the upper surface of the plate in a configuration for operating the ram 50 in a state where the ram 50 is fixed.

In addition, the pressure block 60 is provided with a plurality of guide blocks 61 are connected to the lower holder 41 surrounding the container 10 and the heating block 40 to guide the ram 50 in the advancing direction. have.

The guide block 61 is a means for securing the straightness to the direction of travel of the ram 50 in a stable manner and uniformly transfer the direction transmitted to the ram side by the force transmitted by the pressure block.

Referring to the operation and effect of the present invention configured as described in detail as follows.

In order to manufacture an Al-Cu wire among hybrid metal materials according to the present invention, first, the core material 13a is selected from aluminum and the coating material 13b is selected from copper to have a diameter of about 30 to 100 mm. The duocast material 13 is cast. In this case, the cross-sectional ratio of the aluminum and copper is designed to be located on the concentric circle with a center of gravity so that distortion or deformation does not occur after extrusion.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5, the duocast material 13 is inserted into the space 11 of the container 10 to close the outlet pipe 22 of the die 20 installed at the tip of the container 10. Into the rear end of the duocast material, a solid linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE) in the form of granules is introduced.

In this case, the inserted duocast material is preferably formed to have a smaller size than the diameter of the space (11). This is to allow the medium to flow between the space and the duocast material to surround the surface of the duocast material when the pressure medium is dissolved by a heating blow to be described later.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the pressure block 60 is lowered to allow the ram 50 to close the rear end of the container 10.

In addition, the heat is applied to the duocast material inside the container 10 by applying heat to the outside of the container 10 at a temperature of about 200 ~ 400 ℃ using the heating block 40, as well as a solid linear The low density polyethylene resin is dissolved and dissolved in the liquid pressure medium 14 so that the pressure medium 14 flows between the space 11 and the duocast material.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the ram 50 is advanced using the pressure block 60 to pressurize the liquid pressure medium 14 to pressurize the duocast material. Gradually increase the pressure on the Duocast material.

At this time, as shown in Figure 8 by pressing the pressure to a pressure smaller than that without increasing the pressure of the ram 50 to the extrusion threshold pressure (P) to start the extrusion, duocast material is not extruded The state becomes a hydrostatic pressure state, that is, an isotropic pressure state.

In this isotropically pressurized state, by maintaining a constant time in the atmosphere of the heating temperature, the diffusion layer (d) having a predetermined depth is formed at the interface between the core material (13a) and the coating material (13b) as shown in FIG. .

That is, the micropores (FIG. 9 (a)) formed in the core 13a and the covering 13b are contracted by the external pressure, and the interface between the two metal materials is in close contact with each other. By being made, atoms of the core material 13a and the coating material 13b can penetrate into the opposite metal material to form the diffusion layer d.

Here, the diffusion layer (d) is 90% or more is determined as a function of temperature and time, the diffusion occurs smoothly at a temperature condition that is 1/2 or more of the melting point (absolute temperature) of the material, to satisfy this temperature Under quasi conditions, the depth of the diffusion layer d depends on time.

Therefore, the longer the stay at a temperature at which the atoms of the material can be sufficiently diffused, the deeper the penetration of the counterpart material, the greater the depth of the diffusion layer (d).

After performing the static diffusion reaction for a predetermined time as described above, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the ram 50 is further advanced to reach the extrusion threshold pressure P to reach the extrusion threshold pressure P to start extrusion. Done. At this time, as the extrusion of the duocast material occurs, as shown in FIG. 8, the pressure is slightly dropped and the material is continuously pushed out, thereby maintaining the steady state pressure.

In addition, since the inclined tube 21 and the drawing tube 22 of the die 20 through which the duocast material passes has a diameter that gradually decreases in the advancing direction of the tuocast material, the duo is caused by the pressure generated by the ram. The cast material can be easily processed.

In addition, since the extrusion occurs while maintaining a predetermined speed and pressure in the atmosphere at a constant heating temperature during the extrusion, atoms of the core material 13a and the coating material 13b penetrate into the opposite metal material and as shown in FIG. 9 (c). The depth of (d) is made deeper and can be extruded.

As such, the pressure medium 14 is heated by the heating block 40 during the extrusion process and flows between the liquid pressure medium 14 and the space 11 of the container 10 and copper as the coating material 13b. As the material is extruded, it is naturally wetted between the outlet pipe 22 and the coating material 13b of the die 20 to form a coating film of the hydrodynamic film during extrusion, thereby causing lubrication between the material and the outlet pipe 22 to cause friction. Making the coefficient close to '0' facilitates the extrusion and prevents surface distortion of the material due to friction.

Further, when the extrusion for the dynamic diffusion reaction is completed, it is possible to manufacture a copper-clad aluminum wire (Al-Cu wire) of a hybrid metal material having a diameter of about 8 mm or less, the diffusion layer of the hybrid metal material ( d) Heat treatment or further cooling treatment may be carried out using the support block as necessary for further expansion and stabilization of the interface.

In addition, the hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus according to the deformation and diffusion control of the present invention, the duocast material is subjected to static diffusion reaction at a constant pressure and a predetermined time and temperature less than the extrusion threshold pressure (P) to the core material (13a) and the coating material ( Since the diffusion layer (d) is formed at the interface of 13b), the dynamic diffusion reaction can be carried out at a speed, time, pressure, and temperature determined by the extrusion threshold pressure (P) to further expand the depth of the diffusion layer (d). It is possible to increase the efficiency of the electrical conductivity through and to significantly reduce the weight per unit length in a conventional power line.

That is, during the high temperature deformation of the dissimilar material, atoms in each phase interface penetrate each other through the interphase boundary by thermal activation, so that a uniform and uniform amount of histologically mutually employed at the first mechanical contact is obtained. It becomes possible by forming the diffusion layer d of depth.

Therefore, since the contact interface can be stabilized by minimizing the harmful phase generated at the contact interface of the dissimilar material, the diffusion layer (d) can be uniformly formed to express and maintain the true bonding strength between the two materials. It is possible to manufacture a product that combines the dominant characteristics among the various mechanical properties.

Moreover, the hybrid metal material manufactured through the present invention can be used as a power line for transmission and distribution, pipe materials for general / special pipes requiring corrosion resistance, and core parts of heat exchangers, thereby achieving performance equal to or higher than that of existing single materials. It can realize about 30 ~ 40% of weight reduction while saving about 15% of manufacturing cost.

In particular, when the hybrid metal material of the copper-clad aluminum wire of the present invention is used as a power line for transmission and distribution, it is possible to lighten the power line by greatly reducing the weight while ensuring electrical conductivity of copper.

Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, as compared with the power line of the existing low-conductivity aluminum material, the electrical conductivity is greatly improved, as well as the degree of sagging of the power line can be reduced to reduce thousands of transmission towers. The cost of constructing a new pylon can be greatly reduced.

In addition, in the case of power transmission and distribution lines, the demand for electric equipment in China and the replacement of old equipment in the US and Europe are expected to create a market of several hundred trillion won in the future. By reducing manufacturing costs, the competitiveness of related industries can be improved, leading to a significant increase in both domestic and global market share. In addition, resource reduction and weight reduction can enable low-carbon, green growth, further enhancing the company's recognition and profitability.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments.

That is, those skilled in the art without departing from the technical gist of the present invention can be variously modified or modified, as well as such changes or modifications, the technical scope of the present invention in the interpretation of the claims. It is hard to say that I am within.

10 container 20 die
30: base 40: heating block
50: ram 60: pressure block

Claims (5)

In the apparatus for producing a hybrid metal material by applying a pressure to a heterogeneous metal,
A container containing heterogeneous duocast material having a core material formed inside the coating material, and a pressure medium disposed at a rear end of the duocast material;
A die disposed in a traveling direction of the duocast material to extrude the duocast material;
A ram disposed at a rear end of the duocast material and fixed to the pressing block to pressurize the duocast material;
And a heating block disposed outside the container to heat the duocast material and dissolve the pressure medium in a liquid state.
The pressure medium is a hybrid metal material by simultaneous deformation and diffusion control, characterized in that the coating and forming a hydronamic film (lubrication) on the surface of the coating material flowing into the coating material and the die with the extrusion of the duocast material Manufacturing equipment. The method of claim 1,
The pressing block is a hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus according to the deformation and diffusion simultaneous control characterized in that the guide block for guiding the ram in the direction of travel. delete The method of claim 1,
The pressure medium is a linear low density polyethylene resin (LLDPE) characterized in that the hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus by simultaneous deformation and diffusion control. The method of claim 1,
One side of the die is provided with a support block, the support block is a hybrid metal material manufacturing apparatus by simultaneous deformation and diffusion characterized in that for cooling the extruded duocast material.

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