KR101336098B1 - Biodegradable products using natural ingredients cellulose forming method and Biodegradable products by same the methods - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a biodegradable product molding method using a cellulose-based natural material and a biodegradable product manufactured by the molding method. Molding method according to an aspect of the present invention, after molding the raw material in which water is mixed into the cellulose-based natural material that has been subjected to pre-treatment to the desired product shape by injection molding or more than the vaporization temperature (100 ℃) of water in the injection mold The main idea is to form a product by heating and drying at a temperature condition.

Description

Biodegradable products using natural ingredients cellulose forming method and Biodegradable products by same the methods}

The present invention relates to a method for forming a biodegradable product, and in detail, to form an environmentally-friendly biodegradable product that can replace plastic products by using cellulose-based bio by-products such as rice hulls, rice bran, powder, and bran as basic materials. And a biodegradable product produced by the molding method.

In addition to being lightweight and relatively inexpensive, plastics have a variety of excellent functions such as durability, processability, and chemical resistance, and are widely used in various forms throughout the industrial field. However, since plastic waste does not decompose naturally, there is a problem that the environment such as soil, air and water pollution is seriously damaged due to the generation of a large amount of waste in proportion to an increase in use thereof.

In addition, in the case of foamed plastic, styrofoam, since it is large in volume per unit weight and lightweight, it easily blows air. Therefore, the adverse effects on environmental pollution can be considered to be greater. As a result, products using natural species or pulp molds have been put to practical use as substitutes for conventional styrofoam for buffer packing materials. However, considering the fact that pulp is imported all over the country, there is a drawback that it is economically inferior in terms of cost.

In order to solve such a problem, research and development on a biodegradable or environmentally friendly packing material for packaging using a raw material obtained from natural materials is under way. Among them, starch has been used as a substitute material for plastics because of its various advantages such as abundance of resources, ease of supply, and low price. In some cases, commercialization has been made in some cases.

To date, researches and manufacturing methods for biodegradable or environmentally friendly packaging buffers include foaming using an extruder by adding plasticizer to high amylose starch (at least 45% of amylose content) or derivatives thereof (US Pat. No. 4,863,655), Method of preparing by adding an alcohol derivative to the classification (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-136168), a method of manufacturing using modified starch (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-298525) and starch-based additives, polypropylene resins, vegetable blowing agents Various methods, such as a manufacturing method using these, are known.

The above methods are generally environmentally friendly compared to conventional expanded polystyrene or urethane, and the manufacturing method is relatively simple and advantageous in that no foaming gas is used. However, in the methods disclosed in the prior art, in order to facilitate high-temperature molding workability, a separate plasticizer may be added using starch as a base material or a separate foaming agent such as limestone powder or calcium chloride may be added to ensure uniformity of foaming. There is a drawback that the cost is expensive.

Korean Patent Publication No. 2004-76149 U.S. Patent No. 7,364,788

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention, by utilizing the cellulose-based bio by-products such as rice husk, rice bran, powder, bran as a base material can be molded biodegradable and high quality products without the use of plasticizers or blowing agents through injection molding To provide a method and a product by the method.

As a means for solving the problem, one aspect of the present invention, after molding the raw material incorporating moisture into the cellulose-based natural material to the desired product shape by injection molding temperature conditions of the water vaporization temperature (100 ℃) or more in the injection mold It provides a method for forming a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that by heating and drying at.

In one aspect, the cellulose-based natural material may be a mixture of cellulose-based natural by-products or cellulose-based natural fibers in cellulose-based bio-by-products.

Cellulose-based bio by-products, preferably, by-products generated during grain cutting or edible oil extracted from the grains can be used alone or a mixture of two or more kinds of mixed by-products, cellulosic natural fibers are kenaf (kenaf ), Jute, flax, hemp, hemp, sisal, hehenken, pineapple, or banana leaf alone or as a mixture of two or more Can be.

In one aspect, in the injection molding, the conveying side barrel of the injection machine is 70 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C., and the injection mold in which drying is performed is preferably maintained at a temperature of 100 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less.

Alternatively, if the injection-side barrel of the injection molding machine is kept at 100 ° C. or higher, and the injection mold subjected to heat drying is kept at a temperature condition of 100 ° C. or higher and 200 ° C. or lower, a foamed product having a predetermined foaming rate can be produced.

Another aspect of the present invention is a product molded by the molding method according to the above aspect, consisting of 70 to 95% by weight of cellulose-based natural materials, 4 to 29.9% by weight of water, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of functional additives It provides a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material.

In another aspect, the cellulose-based natural material may be a mixture of cellulose-based natural by-products or cellulose-based natural fibers in cellulose-based bio-by-products.

Likewise, the cellulose-based bio by-products may preferably be a mixture of by-products or grains extracted from grains and the remaining by-products alone or a mixture of two or more thereof. ), Jute, flax, hemp, hemp, sisal, hehenken, pineapple, or banana leaf alone or as a mixture of two or more Can be.

The product manufactured by the molding method according to an embodiment of the present invention is cheaper than the conventional synthetic resin injection products, but is environmentally friendly because it is decomposed by microorganisms and reduced to nature, and is recyclable as compost after use. It is very effective in terms of function such as point, and has excellent surface roughness and excellent mechanical properties to replace plastic products.

In addition, since the molding can be performed without the addition of a plasticizer in order to facilitate high temperature molding processability, not only the production cost can be reduced, but also the molding process is not complicated, and the productivity and workability can be greatly improved.

1 is a process conceptual view schematically showing a process for forming a biodegradable product according to an aspect of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a graph showing the viscosity according to the molding temperature when bran is adopted as a cellulose-based natural material.
Figure 3 is a graph showing the viscosity according to the molding temperature in the case of adopting a mixture of bran and hemp fiber as a cellulose-based natural material.
4 to 6 is a graph showing the impact strength for each material size according to the amount of hemp fiber mixed in the cellulose-based bio by-products.
Figure 7 is a measurement of the surface properties of the product according to the drying temperature in the injection mold.
Figure 8 is a photograph comparing the actual finished product surface characteristics according to the drying temperature of the injection mold.
9 is an enlarged photograph at a magnification of 200 times the surface of the product produced by the molding method of the present invention.
10 is an enlarged photograph at a magnification of 3000 times the surface of the product produced by the molding method of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

The biodegradable product according to an embodiment of the present invention is a raw material obtained by mixing water and a small amount of a functional additive in a predetermined composition ratio with a natural material based on cellulose-based bio by-products, and using the raw material as a predetermined operating condition. After injection molding through the injection machine of Figure 1 is obtained through the method of drying by applying heat from the injection mold. The product molding method according to one aspect of the present invention and the manufactured product, which is another aspect, will now be described in more detail.

The raw material including the cellulose-based natural material is subjected to a pre-treatment process before the full-fledged foam molding through the injection machine as shown in FIG. In the pretreatment process, the cellulose-based natural material is finely pulverized to a suitable size to form a powder, and the raw material having a predetermined viscosity by mixing water and a minute amount of reinforcing material in a predetermined composition ratio to the pulverized powder by-product. The mixing process may be included.

Cellulose contained in the bio-by-products used in the present invention is a main component forming the cell wall skeleton of the cell. Specifically, D-glucose accounts for almost half of the straight-chain polysaccharide linked with? -1,4 bonds, and is the most abundant in all organic substances. It is present with hemicelluloses such as xylan, mannan and galactan, and it is tightly bound with lignin. In addition to plants, bacteria (Acetobacter xylinum) and mucus are also found in small amounts on the outer membrane.

In this embodiment, the cellulose-based natural material may be a cellulose-based bio by-product or a mixture of cellulose-based natural fibers in an appropriate ratio. Cellulose-based bio by-products may be a mixture of single or two or more of the remaining by-products extracted from the edible oil, such as by-products or soybeans produced in the grain milling process of rice, wheat, barley, and the like.

Preferred examples of cellulose-based bio by-products include rice hulls, rice bran, powder, bran and soybean meal. And cellulosic natural fibers include kenaf, jute, flax, hemp, ramie, sisal, henequen, pineapple or banana leaves. Or a mixture of two or more of them may be adopted as the cellulose-based natural fiber.

In preparing a raw material of the product by mixing water and a small amount of functional additive in a predetermined composition ratio, the cellulosic natural material is at least 70% by weight to 95% by weight, that is, water 4 wt% to 29.9 wt% of water and the remaining amount of the functional additives are preferably prepared by mixing through a mixer to mix evenly to achieve a predetermined composition ratio.

Even if the efficiency and speed of biodegradability are somewhat low, in order to obtain an environmentally friendly foam, the content of the cellulose-based natural material may be less than 70% by weight relative to the total 100% by weight of the raw material. On the contrary, if the content of cellulose-based natural materials exceeds 95% by weight relative to the total 100% by weight of the raw material, the moisture content is reduced so that the viscosity of the raw material is lowered. Accordingly, the injection-molded product does not maintain its shape and is easily crushed. Can lose.

The functional additives may be different depending on the required function depending on the final product. Functional additives are, for example, UV stabilizers, foam nucleating agents, preservatives, dyes for coloring, antistatic agents, additives in powder form for strength enhancement, such as activated carbon, talc, clays or one or two of them. It may be a mixture of species or more. The content of these functional additives is preferably 0.1% to 10% by weight depending on the function with respect to 100% by weight of the raw material.

In order to foam the raw material including the cellulose-based natural material mixed at a predetermined ratio through the pretreatment process, injection molding using an injection machine that maintains a predetermined operating condition may be adopted as mentioned above. The injection molding machine 1 may be composed of an injection mold 14 formed with an internal cavity in the shape of a product to be formed at the outlet nozzle 12 at the distal end of the barrel 10 having a screw, as shown in FIG. have.

The predetermined injection machine operating conditions for obtaining a high quality product are preferably based on the moisture contained in the raw material, that is, the vaporization temperature of the water (100 ° C.), and the temperature of the conveying barrel 10 of the injection machine is 70 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. The temperature of the injection mold 12 which is less than, substantially, the product is molded and heat-dried with respect to the molded product may be maintained at 100 ° C or more and 200 ° C or less.

At this time, maintaining the temperature of the injection mold 14 above the water vaporization temperature (100 ℃), the moisture contained in the material that functioned as a plasticizer is evaporated during the heat drying process in the injection mold after injection molding and evenly distributed throughout the product This is to allow foaming to take place. That is, since the water that functions as a plasticizer before processing functions as a blowing agent in the drying process, a product having a uniform foaming degree can be molded without a separate plasticizer and a blowing agent.

In contrast to the above in obtaining a high quality product, the temperature of the conveying barrel 10 of the injection machine is maintained at 100 ° C. or higher based on the vaporization temperature of water (100 ° C.), and the product is formed and molded into the molded product. If the product is molded under the condition that the temperature of the injection mold 12 in which the heat-drying is performed is also maintained at 100 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less, it is also possible to obtain a foamed product having a higher degree of foaming than the product by the aforementioned molding method. .

Referring to the graphs of FIGS. 2 and 3 showing the viscosity according to the molding temperature, when only bran is used as the cellulose-based natural material (when bran water is mixed in an 8: 2 ratio), bran and hemp fibers are mixed at an appropriate ratio. In the case where a mixture is adopted as a natural material (when bran, water and hemp fibers are mixed at a 7: 2: 1 ratio), the viscosity tends to decrease with increasing shear rate and decrease with increasing molding temperature. Is showing. This tends to be similar to that of general synthetic polymer materials.

In other words, the cellulose-based natural material proposed in the present invention shows a tendency similar to that of a general polymer material, which means that it is possible to form a product sufficiently by using an equipment for forming an existing polymer material, for example, an extruder or an injection machine.

4 to 6 is a graph showing the impact strength for each material size according to the hemp fiber mixing ratio in the case of adopting a mixture of hemp fiber in the cellulose-based bio by-products as a natural material. In this case, a portion indicated by a solid horizontal line in a certain thickness is a comparative object for comparing the impact strength, and represents the impact strength of polypropylene (PP, Polypropylene) generally used as a plastic material.

4 to 6, the impact strength according to the hemp fiber mixing ratio is slightly different for each material size, but in general 15 to 20% by weight of hemp fiber as a natural fiber to 100% by weight of the total natural material It can be seen that the mechanical impact strength of the material when it is mixed to a degree generally approximates the impact strength of polypropylene (PP, Polypropylene) widely used as a plastic material.

Therefore, in the case of adopting a mixture of the above-described cellulose-based bio by-products and cellulose-based natural fibers as the main component of the cellulose-based natural ingredients, natural fibers such as hemp fibers may be 15 to 20% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total natural materials. It is preferable to apply a blending ratio in which cellulose-based bio by-products such as bran and cellulose-based natural fibers such as hemp fibers may be mixed in a ratio of about 8: 2.

Figure 7 shows the data measured the surface properties of the product according to the drying temperature in the injection mold, Figure 8 is a photograph comparing the actual finished product surface properties according to the drying temperature of the injection mold.

7 to 8, it can be seen that the surface characteristics of the molded product according to the temperature of the injection mold is different. In particular, the surface roughness of products dried and molded at a temperature higher than that of the water vaporization temperature of 100 ℃ forms a smoother surface roughness due to the surface skin layer formation than the surface roughness of products dried and molded at a temperature of 70 ℃. It can be seen that. This can be interpreted that the limitation of the drying temperature proposed in the present invention has a critical significance.

Drying temperature of the injection mold in the product drying through the mold is not particularly limited as long as it is above 100 ℃ is preferably about 130 ℃. This can be confirmed through the data on the surface roughness of each product when the mold temperature is maintained at 100 ° C and dried at a state maintained at 130 ° C in FIG. That is, it can be seen that the product treated with the drying treatment at a temperature condition of 130 ° C. has superior surface roughness than the product 100 ° C.

9 is an enlarged photograph of a product surface manufactured by the molding method of the present invention by 200 times, and FIG. 10 is an enlarged photograph of a product surface produced by the molding method of the present invention by 3000 times.

As can be seen through the enlarged picture of Figures 9 to 10, looking at the enlarged picture of the surface of the product produced by the molding method proposed in the present invention it can be clearly confirmed that the surface roughness of the product is quite excellent. The excellent surface roughness of the molded product as described above and having sufficient mechanical strength as described above, in other words, means that it can sufficiently replace a plastic product which is widely used.

In the foregoing detailed description of the present invention, only specific embodiments thereof have been described. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments thereof which are to be considered as illustrative, but rather is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. .

Claims (10)

The raw material in which water is mixed into the cellulose-based natural material is molded into a desired product shape by injection molding, and then manufactured by heating and drying at a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher in the injection mold.
In order to prevent the water mixed in the cellulose-based natural material from vaporizing, the injection side barrel of the injection molding machine is 70 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. in injection molding.
In order to vaporize the water mixed in the cellulose-based natural material, the injection side barrel of the injection machine is 100 ° C. or more in using injection molding.
Injection molding the drying process is a biodegradable product molding method using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that to maintain the temperature conditions of 100 ℃ to 200 ℃.
The method of claim 1,
The cellulose-based natural material is a biodegradable product molding method using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the mixture of cellulose-based bio-products or cellulose-based bio-by-products cellulose-based natural fibers.
3. The method of claim 2,
Cellulose-based bio by-product is a method of forming a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the by-products or grains extracted from grains and edible oil extracted from the grains alone or a mixture of two or more of them. .
3. The method of claim 2,
Cellulose-based natural fibers can be used alone, kenaf, jute, flax, hemp, hemp, sisal, heneken, pineapple or banana leaf. Or a biodegradable product molding method using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the mixture of two or more kinds.
delete delete As a product molded by the molding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Biodegradable products using cellulose-based natural materials composed of 70 to 95% by weight of cellulose-based natural materials, 4 to 29.9% by weight of water, and 0.1 to 10% by weight of functional additives.
The method of claim 7, wherein
The cellulose-based natural material is a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the mixture of cellulose-based bio-products or cellulose-based bio-by-products cellulose-based natural fibers.
The method of claim 8,
Cellulose-based bio by-product is a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the by-products generated during the milling of grains or edible oil extracted from the grains and the remaining by-products alone or a mixture of two or more kinds.
The method of claim 8,
Cellulose-based natural fibers can be used alone, kenaf, jute, flax, hemp, hemp, sisal, heneken, pineapple or banana leaf. Or a biodegradable product using a cellulose-based natural material, characterized in that the mixture is a mixture of two or more kinds.

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