KR101313916B1 - Apparatus for separating base caps of spent fluorescent lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A waste fluorescent light base cap separating device is provided to minimize inclusion of impurities in recoverable material, such as aluminum, copper, and iron. CONSTITUTION: A waste fluorescent light base cap separating device comprises a case (110), a rotary shaft (120) installed in the case, a rotary plate (130), and a hammer (140). The rotary plates are detachably combined with the rotary shaft at different levels and separated from the inner wall of the case. The hammer is detachably installed on the inner wall of the case so as to be located outside of the rotary plate. The base cap of the waste fluorescent light inserted into the case is crushed by the hammer as the base cap moves toward the outside on the rotary plate due to centrifugal force. Multiple guide walls (131) are formed along the radial direction on the rotary plate, and thus the base cap is guided toward the outside by the guide walls.

Description

Apparatus for separating base caps of spent fluorescent lamp}

The present invention relates to a waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus, and more particularly to a waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus that can improve the yield of valuable metals.

Fluorescent lamps have been widely used in the past and are being widely used in most homes and industrial sites.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fluorescent lamp includes a base cap 20 fixed to both ends of the glass tube 10, a copper / iron mixed wire 30 connected to the base cap 20, and a copper / iron mixed wire ( Tungsten material filament 40 connected to 30 and a circular iron plate 50 wrapped around the filament 40.

In this case, the base cap 20 has a structure in which the insulator plate 23 and the tempered glass 24 are formed on the outer side and the inner side of the aluminum body 21 to which the copper terminals 22 are connected, respectively.

Therefore, when the waste lamps which have reached the end of their life or have failed are discarded, aluminum and copper are generated from the base cap 20. Since these metals are recyclable, they are of social interest. In particular, as the awareness of the importance of resources has increased internationally and the prices have gradually increased, discussions have been actively made on how to recover valuable metals contained in waste fluorescent lamps.

In this connection, a rolling machine has been developed as a device for recovering aluminum and copper-nickel alloys from waste fluorescent lamps. However, since the roll crusher recovers aluminum by compressing the base cap, the foreign matter must be included in the compressed aluminum, and as a result, a post process for removing the foreign matter must be accompanied. Therefore, according to the prior art, not only the process is complicated but also the problem of sorting efficiency for aluminum recovery is very low.

On the other hand, Patent No. 10-0096533 discloses a method for treating waste fluorescent lamps, but mainly for collecting and recycling the mercury generated during the treatment of waste fluorescent lamps, aluminum, which is a component of the base cap, There is no disclosure of a method for sorting iron, glass, and the like.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus that can minimize the inclusion of foreign matter in the valuable metal recoverable from the base cap of the waste fluorescent lamp. .

As means for solving the above-mentioned technical problem,

The present invention is coupled to the case, the rotary shaft is installed in the case, and detachably attached to the rotary shaft in a multi-stage, and is installed detachably on the inner wall of the case to be located on the outer side of the rotating plate and the rotating plate which is spaced apart from the inner wall of the case Including a hammer, it provides a waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus characterized in that the base cap of the waste fluorescent lamp injected into the case is broken by moving to the outside by the centrifugal force on the rotating plate to collide with the hammer.

In this case, a plurality of guide walls are formed in the upper portion of the rotating plate along the width direction so that the base cap is guided outward by the guide wall.

In addition, a guide hopper tapered inward toward the lower side of the rotary plate may be installed so that the base cap that is dropped after being crushed by the upper rotary plate may be seated on the lower rotary plate by the guide hopper.

In addition, the rotary plate is installed in three stages, the operating time of each rotary plate is adjustable up to 10 minutes, the number of revolutions can be adjusted up to 2000rpm.

According to the present invention, it is possible to minimize the inclusion of foreign matter in the recoverable material such as aluminum, copper, iron by crushing the base cap of the waste fluorescent lamp in a three-stage impact method using a hammer.

In addition, it is possible to improve the yield of the valuable metal by controlling the rotational speed and the operating time of the hammer constantly.

1 is a view showing a cross-sectional structure of a fluorescent lamp,
2 is a view showing the structure of a waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus according to the present invention,
3 is a perspective view showing a rotating plate of the waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus shown in FIG.
Figure 4 is a view showing a coupling structure of the rotating plate and the rotating shaft of the waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus shown in Figure 2,
5 is a graph showing the results of measuring aluminum yield when the rotational speed of the hammer is adjusted to 500 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a graph showing the result of measuring the rejection rate of other materials when the rotation speed of the hammer was adjusted to 500 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
7 is a graph showing the results of measuring aluminum yield when the rotational speed of the hammer is adjusted to 1000 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
8 is a graph showing a result of measuring the rejection rate of other materials when the rotational speed of the hammer was adjusted to 1000 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
9 is a graph showing the results of measuring aluminum yield when the rotational speed of the hammer is adjusted to 1500 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
10 is a graph showing the result of measuring the rejection rate of other materials when the rotational speed of the hammer was adjusted to 1500 rpm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

Figure 2 is a view showing the structure of a waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a rotating plate of the waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 is shown in Figure 2 Figure is a view showing a coupling structure of the rotating plate and the rotating shaft of the waste fluorescent base cap separator.

2 to 4, the waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus 100 according to the present invention includes a case 110, a rotating shaft 120, a rotating plate 130, and a hammer 140.

The case 110 has a hollow cylindrical structure. In this case, the hopper 111 is installed at the upper end of the case 110 so that the base cap of the waste fluorescent lamp can be stably supplied.

The rotating shaft 120 is installed perpendicular to the inner center of the case 110. In this case, the lower end of the rotating shaft 120 is connected to the electric motor (not shown) using a fan belt (not shown). Therefore, the driving force of the electric motor may be transmitted through the fan belt to rotate the rotation shaft 120.

The rotating plate 130 has a disc shape as shown in FIG. 3, and is coupled to the rotating shaft 120 at multiple intervals at regular intervals. Specifically, the rotating plate 130 is detachably coupled to the rotating shaft 120 using a bolt 132 or the like as shown in FIG. 4, and the rotating plate of each stage is configured to rotate individually or simultaneously. In addition, the operating time of each rotating plate can be adjusted up to 10 minutes in seconds, the number of revolutions can also be adjusted up to 2000rpm in the stop state.

In this case, the rotating plate 130 is preferably installed in three stages optimized to maximize the yield of valuable metal, but can be appropriately added or subtracted in consideration of the capacity of the case 110. In addition, the rotational speed of the rotating plate 130 can be adjusted within a predetermined range through the operation of the electric motor.

On the other hand, the rotating plate 130 is configured as described above is spaced apart from the inner wall of the case 110 at a predetermined interval. The distance between the rotating plate 130 and the case 110 is sufficient as long as the base cap crushed by the hammer 140 may be discharged and dropped as described below, and is not particularly limited.

A plurality of guide walls 131 may be formed on the rotating plate 130 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. The guide wall 131 is vertically installed in the upper direction of the rotating plate 130 along the radial direction, and thus the base cap moving outward by the centrifugal force when the rotating plate 130 is rotated may be guided in a predetermined direction.

On the other hand, for the sake of convenience here, the rotating plate 130 is illustrated by only eight divided by the guide wall 131, but the installation form or number of the guide wall 131 is not limited to this, increase or decrease as appropriate It should be understood as possible.

The hammer 140 is to impact the base cap and is installed along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the case 110. Therefore, when the rotating plate 130 rotates, the base cap is transferred outward by centrifugal force and finally separated from the rotating plate 130 to be crushed by colliding with the hammer 140, and the crushed object is rotated by the rotating plate 130 and the case 110. It falls down through the space formed in between.

In this case, the hammer 140 is preferably formed to extend by a predetermined length in the vertical direction. This is because the base cap does not necessarily collide with the hammer 140 by a horizontal trajectory when the base cap is separated from the rotating plate 130. Therefore, when the upper and lower widths of the hammer 140 are increased as in the present invention, not only the base cap discharged horizontally from the rotating plate 130 but also the base cap discharged irregularly upward or downward can be effectively crushed.

In addition, in the present invention, the hammer 140 may be detachably installed using a known fastening means on the inner wall of the case 110. That is, since the base cap includes metals such as aluminum, iron, copper, and the like, if the base cap continually collides with the hammer 140, the hammer 140 may be worn out. Therefore, when the hammer 140 is detachably installed in the case 110, only the hammer 140 needs to be replaced when worn, thereby minimizing the cost of maintenance and repair.

As described above, the crushed material primarily crushed by the hammer 140 may be stably seated on the lower rotating plate so that the crushing process of the second and third steps may be performed. To this end, the guide hopper 160 is installed above each rotating plate.

Guide hopper 160 has a shape tapered inwardly toward the bottom. The upper end of the guide hopper 160 is fixed to the inner wall of the case 110, the lower end is installed at a predetermined height from the rotating plate 130. In this case, the upper diameter of the guide hopper 160 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the case 110, the lower diameter is configured to be substantially the same as the diameter of the rotating plate (130). Therefore, the crushed matter discharged from the upper rotating plate is guided by the guide hopper 160 without falling directly to the lower portion of the case 110, and can be stably seated on the rotating plate of the lower side, through which the crushing process of two to three steps is continuously performed. Can be made.

The configuration of the waste fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus according to the present invention has been described above. Hereinafter will be described the operation of the waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus according to the present invention.

First, the base cap separated from the waste fluorescent lamp by end-cutting is introduced into the case 110 through the hopper 111. In this case, the injected base cap is seated on the top rotating plate 130 by the guide hopper 160. Thereafter, when the rotating plate 130 is rotated by operating the electric motor, the base cap is conveyed outward along the guide wall 131 by centrifugal force, and finally separated from the rotating plate 130 to impinge the hammer 140. Tea fracturing takes place. In this case, the primary crushed object is discharged downward through the space between the rotating plate 130 and the case 110 and then guided by the guide hopper to be seated on the lower rotating plate. Thereafter, secondary crushing is performed in the same manner as the primary crushing, and when the secondary crushing is completed, the secondary crushed material is moved to the lower rotary plate again to perform the third crushing. The crushed material completed until the third crushing is recovered through the magnetic separator device 170 as shown in FIG. 2, the iron component is recovered, and the screen sorting device 180 to the large particles and small particles of glass and other materials Are separated. In this case, dust or dust generated during the impact crushing process is collected and removed by the cyclone 190 installed on one side of the case 110.

The operation of the waste fluorescent base cap separating apparatus according to the present invention has been described above. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

Example

After measuring the weight of 50 base caps separated from the waste fluorescent lamp in the waste fluorescent lamp base cap separation device manufactured according to the present invention, the impact speed of the hammer while changing the rotation speed of 500 ~ 1500 rpm, 10 ~ 60 seconds by 10 seconds The experiments were carried out, and five or more crushing experiments were carried out under the same conditions.

At the rotational speed of the hammer 500rpm, the aluminum yield and rejection rate of the other materials according to the operation time of the impact crushing step were measured, and the results are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively. 5 and 6, when the rotational speed of the hammer is 500rpm, it can be seen that the optimal operating time for aluminum recovery is 30 seconds after which there is almost no change in yield and rejection rate. However, the aluminum yield was relatively low, about 80%, and the experiment was performed again by increasing the rotational speed of the hammer.

The yield of aluminum and the rejection rate of the other materials were measured according to the operation time of the impact crushing step by step at a rotational speed of 1000 rpm, and the results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively. 7 and 8 it can be seen that when the rotational speed of the hammer is 1000rpm, the optimum operating time for aluminum recovery is 30 seconds with little change in yield and rejection rate. However, the aluminum yield was relatively low, about 89%, and the experiment was performed again by increasing the rotation speed of the hammer.

At the rotational speed of the hammer 1500rpm, the aluminum yield and rejection rate of the other materials according to the operation time of the impact crushing step were measured. The results are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively. It can be seen from FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 that the optimum operating time for recovering aluminum when the rotational speed of the hammer is 1500 rpm is about 30 seconds with little change in yield and rejection rate. In addition, the aluminum yield is 96% at 30 seconds operating time it can be seen that significantly improved than the previous experiment.

On the other hand, as a result of checking the state of the recovered aluminum according to the rotational speed of the hammer at the operating time of 30 seconds, the copper terminal, the iron, and the joint were observed at the rotational speed of 500 rpm, and the copper terminal was almost removed, but the iron and the joint were confirmed at the 1000 rpm. At 1500 rpm, almost all copper terminals and iron were removed and only some of the joints were observed.

In conclusion, the optimum operating time for effectively crushing the base cap is preferably 30 seconds in which the yield of aluminum and the rejection rate of other materials are kept constant, and the rotational speed of the hammer is operated in three stages at 1500 rpm. Is considered to be preferable.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning, range, and equivalence of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention. .

100: waste fluorescent base cap separation device
110: case 111: hopper
120: rotating shaft 130: rotating plate
131: guide wall 132: bolt
140: hammer 160: guide hopper
170: magnetic separator 180: screen sorting device
190: cyclone

Claims (4)

delete A case;
A rotating shaft installed in the case;
A rotary plate detachably coupled to the rotary shaft, the rotary plate being spaced apart from the inner wall of the case; And
Including a hammer detachably installed on the inner wall of the case so as to be located on the outside of the rotating plate;
The base cap of the waste fluorescent lamp put into the case is moved outward by the centrifugal force on the rotating plate to be broken by colliding with the hammer,
A plurality of guide walls are formed in the upper portion of the rotating plate in the width direction so that the base cap is guided outward by the guide wall, characterized in that the fluorescent lamp base cap separating apparatus. 3. The method of claim 2,
A guide hopper tapered inward toward the lower side of the rotary plate is installed, and the base cap separation device, characterized in that the base cap is separated by the guide hopper to be mounted on the lower rotary plate after being crushed from the upper rotary plate. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The rotating plate is installed in three stages, the operation time of each rotating plate is adjustable up to 10 minutes, the number of rotation fluorescent lamp base cap separation device, characterized in that the adjustable up to 2000rpm.

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