KR101312096B1 - A solar tracking apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The main solar position calculation unit that calculates and calculates the position of the sun theoretically based on the position of the skylight plate using the program, a panning device for panning the light plate to the base, and installed on the panning device. Tilting device for tilting and driving the skylight plate, and a panning device and a tilting device based on theoretical values calculated by the skylight position detector and the main solar position calculator for measuring the actual position (posture) of the skylight relative to the sun. Drive control to adjust the position of the skylight plate, receive the position measurement value for the adjusted skylight plate from the skylight position detector and compare it with the theoretical value, and correct the position of the skylight by the difference between the theoretical value and the measured value. Disclosed is a sun tracking device comprising a main control unit for controlling to adjust.

Description

Solar tracker {A SOLAR TRACKING APPARATUS}

The present invention relates to a solar position tracking device, and more particularly, to a solar position tracking device for tracking the sun by pan / tilt driving the skylight according to the position of the sun.

In recent years, development of alternative energy is becoming more active due to high oil prices and depletion of fossil energy due to the increased use of fossil energy.

Among the alternative energy, great attention is focused on the field of solar energy which can be used without pollution. In particular, since photovoltaic power generation is a semiconductor element and a control part is an electronic component, there is no mechanical vibration or noise, and the life of the solar cell is longer than several decades, and the power generation system is semi-automated or automated, and operation and maintenance are possible. There is an advantage that can minimize the cost.

In addition, photovoltaic power generation has the advantage that it can be widely used for home use because small-scale power generation is possible without requiring large-scale power generation facilities.

On the other hand, since the sun moves along the orbit during the time from sunrise to sunset, when the solar light plate is fixed at a predetermined position for a long time, sunlight cannot be received under optimal conditions, thereby reducing the efficiency of the system.

Therefore, it is known that when a solar light receiving plate tracks the sun along the trajectory of the sun, the solar light may be received under optimum conditions for a long time to increase the efficiency of the system. For this reason, the development of solar positioning device is being actively made.

As an example of a conventional solar position tracking device, an apparatus for tracking the sun by panning and tilting the skylight plate is used on the basis of the solar position information acquired by the solar position calculation unit that calculates the solar position information. Here, a motor is used to pan and tilt the skylight plate, but the motor capacity needs to be increased according to the capacity of the skylight plate, that is, the area and the weight of the skylight plate, thereby increasing the size of the entire device and increasing the installation cost.

In addition, when the skylight plate is panned and tilted by driving a motor for a long time, when an unbalanced load is applied to various parts such as a gear, the bearing capacity is weakened due to uneven wear, and thus the skylight plate cannot be stably supported and collapsed. Problems have arisen.

In addition, in consideration of being installed in an outdoor photovoltaic power generation system, it is necessary to stably support so as not to shake or deform even in bad weather such as a typhoon.

Examples of the conventional solar position tracking device, the current measuring sensor for measuring the current amount of power produced by receiving light from the skylight, and the drive for rotating the solar panel, that is, the skylight plate at a predetermined angle along the orbit of the sun. It includes a unit.

In the case of such a configuration, the current measurement sensor and the like may be largely caused according to the variables such as temperature, climate, season, etc., there is a problem that it is difficult to track the position of the sun normally when a failure occurs.

In addition, conventionally, a technology that calculates the position of the sun by date and time and program, and equipped with an electronic compass plate or tilt sensor to track the calculated position of the sun so that the skylight receives the sunlight in the optimal state Although this has been proposed, in this case, since the electronic compass or the tilt sensor corresponds to expensive equipment, the overall system cost increases, and when the electronic compass and the tilt sensor fail, normal operation is difficult. In the case of the tilt sensor, driving control is performed to continuously change the attitude of the skylight plate according to time even at night time from sunset to sunrise, thereby increasing energy consumption according to driving of the device.

In addition, a method of tracking the position of the sun using a light receiving sensor is also used. In this case, when foreign matters such as dust accumulate on the light receiving sensor, an error occurs in the measured value, making it difficult to accurately track the sun. there was.

The present invention was conceived in view of the above, it is possible to drive the panning and tilting while supporting the skylight plate stably and firmly using a small-capacity motor and actuator, as well as solar position information and the movement information of the skylight plate The purpose is to provide a sun tracking device that can accurately track the position of the sun to accurately obtain.

A solar position tracking apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object, the main solar position calculation unit for calculating the theoretical position of the solar light based on the position of the photovoltaic panel using a program; A panning device for panning the skylight plate relative to a base; A tilting device installed on the panning device to tilt the driving plate; A light plate position detector for measuring an actual position (posture) with respect to the sun of the light plate; And adjust the position of the skylight plate by driving control of the panning device and the tilting device according to the theoretical value calculated by the main sun position calculation unit, and measure the position measurement value of the position-adjusted skylight plate from the skylight plate position detector. And a main control unit which receives the comparison with the theoretical value and controls to adjust and adjust the position of the skylight plate by a difference between the theoretical value and the measured value.

The panning apparatus may include a housing rotatably installed with respect to the base and supporting the tilting apparatus; A motor installed in the housing; It is preferable to include; a gear unit for driving the housing to rotate the relative to the base by using the power of the motor.

The gear unit may include a fixed shaft having one end fixed to the base and extending into the housing; A first worm gear that reduces and transmits a rotational speed of power output from the motor; And a second worm gear that receives the power of the first worm gear and transmits the power to the fixed shaft. The housing may be rotated about the fixed shaft by the relative movement of the second worm gear and the fixed shaft.

The first worm gear may include a first worm installed in the housing so as to receive power from the motor, and a gear connected to a gear of the first worm and installed in the housing symmetrically with respect to the first worm. A pair of first worm wheels,

The second worm gear may be installed between a pair of second worms coaxially connected to the first worm wheel and the pair of second worms so as to receive power from the pair of second worms simultaneously. And a second worm wheel connected to the fixed shaft, wherein the second worm wheel is coaxially installed with the fixed shaft.

In addition, the tilting device is installed to connect the housing and the skylight plate, and includes one or more actuators whose length can be adjusted during driving, and the actuator is driven by the control unit to adjust the length of the skylight plate, Is tilted to the housing.

The skylight plate position detector may include an acceleration sensor installed on the skylight plate to detect a coordinate displacement value when the attitude of the skylight plate changes, and a gyro sensor installed on the skylight plate. good.

According to the solar tracking device of the present invention, by using a worm gear to distribute the power of the motor relative to the fixed axis relative to the transmission, it is possible to stably support the skylight plate to drive the panning.

In addition, by distributing and distributing power to the fixed shaft in a balanced manner by worm gears, it prevents the occurrence of uneven wear due to eccentric power transmission and secures a stable supporting force, thereby increasing the durability of the device and withstanding large wind pressure. do.

In addition, due to the power transmission structure by the worm gear, it is possible to pan the skylight plate using a small capacity motor, thereby reducing the size and weight of the device, economical installation equipment, as well as maintenance costs There is an advantage to this.

In addition, after calculating theoretically by using a program for extracting the sun position from the data received from the GPS, it is possible to drive control the position (posture) of the skylight plate based on the theoretical value, in this case using the sun position value Since it is possible to know the sunrise time and the sunset time, by stopping the operation of the drive unit, the light plate and the light plate position detection unit from the sunset to the time before sunrise, there is an advantage that can reduce the management cost and maintenance cost.

In addition, by installing the skylight plate position detecting unit on the skylight plate and measuring the actual position (posture) of the skylight plate, the measured skylight plate position is compared with the theoretical value, and the actual skylight plate is positioned at the same position as the theoretical value. If there is a difference between the theoretical value and the measured value, it is possible to control the skylight plate to accurately track the sun by correcting the position of the skylight plate so that the measured value matches the theoretical value.

Therefore, there is an advantage to improve the power generation efficiency using sunlight by allowing the skylight plate to always sunlight in the best state.

In particular, by installing the accelerometer and gyro sensor as a mining plate position detecting unit and complementing each other to measure the position value, the exact position value of the mining plate can be detected. Therefore, the error between the theoretical value and the measured value can be found more accurately. By correcting and controlling the position of the plate, it is possible to control the light plate more precisely.

1 is a schematic block diagram showing a sun tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2a and 2b is a schematic diagram showing a sun tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2c is a schematic perspective view showing a sun tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view illustrating the panning apparatus shown in FIG. 2A.
4 is a schematic plan view illustrating the panning apparatus shown in FIG. 2A.

Hereinafter, a solar tracking device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1, 2A, 2B, 2C, 3, and 4, the solar tracking device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a skylight plate 110 for mining sunlight and a sun. A main sun position calculator 120 for acquiring position information, a panning apparatus 130 for driving the skylight plate 110 to track the sun based on the information obtained from the main sun position calculator 120; And a tilting device 140, a main controller 150 for driving control of the panning device 130 and the tilting device 140, and a light plate position detection unit 170.

The skylight plate 110 is for mining the sunlight 2 coming from the sun 10, and has a predetermined width. Photovoltaic power generation may be performed by mining sunlight from the skylight plate 110.

The skylight plate 110 tracks the sun 10 while being panned and tilted by the panning device 130 and the tilting device 140 so as to mine the sunlight 2 in an optimal state. It is installed so that mining) is possible.

The main sun position calculator 120 is for acquiring position information of the sun, and various examples are possible. For example, the solar panel may include a sun position calculation program that calculates and calculates a change in sun position for each date and time based on the position information on which the skylight plate 110 is installed and the date information input through the input unit 180. have. In addition, it may be understood that the main solar position calculation unit 110 may obtain the solar position information by various solar position detection methods and devices known in the art.

The panning apparatus 130 may include a housing 131 rotatably installed with respect to the base 160, a motor 132 installed in the housing 131, and a power of the motor 132. 131 has a gear unit 133 to be driven to rotate relative to the base 160.

The housing 131 is rotatably supported by the bearing 161 with respect to the base 160. The motor 132 is installed under the housing 131. The motor 132 may be driven forward and reverse by the drive control signal of the main controller 150.

One end of the gear unit 133 is fixed to the base 160, the fixed shaft 133a is installed to extend into the housing 131 and the agent for transmitting the power of the motor 132 by reducing the rotational force And a first worm gear 134 and a second worm gear 135 that receives the power of the first worm gear 134 and transmits the power to the fixed shaft 133a. Here, the housing 131 is rotationally driven about the fixed shaft 133a by the relative movement of the second worm gear 135 and the fixed shaft 133a.

The first worm gear 134 includes a first worm 134a receiving power from the motor 132 and a pair of first worm wheels 134b geared to a gear of the first worm 134a. . The first worm 134a is installed in parallel with the fixed shaft 133a and is rotatably installed at a predetermined distance from the fixed shaft 133a. The pair of first worm wheels 134b are installed symmetrically with each other with the first worm 134a therebetween. Therefore, the power of the first worm 134a is divided into 1/2 by the pair of first worm wheels 134b so that they can be simultaneously transmitted.

The second worm gear 135 receives power from the first worm gear 134 and transmits the power to the fixed shaft 133a. The pair of second worms 135a and the pair of second worms And a second worm wheel 135b receiving power simultaneously from the 135a.

The pair of second worms 135a are coaxially connected to the first worm wheel 134b and installed in the housing 131 so as to be integrally rotated with the first worm wheel 134b.

The second worm wheel 135b is installed between the pair of second worms 135a to simultaneously receive power from the pair of second worms 135a. That is, the second worm wheel 135b receives the same rotational force simultaneously from the pair of second worms 135a at two points symmetrical with each other in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation center. The second worm wheel 135b is coaxially installed at the center of rotation of the fixed shaft 133a and is maintained in a posture fixed state together with the fixed shaft 133a. As the rotational force is transmitted in the state fixed to the fixed shaft 133a as described above, the housing 131 rotatably installed on the base 160 may be driven around the fixed shaft 133a.

In this way, the power output from the motor 132 is divided into 1/2 by using the first and second worm gears 134 and 135, and then transmitted to be combined again at the point of time transmitted to the fixed shaft 133a, but is rotated. By decelerating and transmitting the speed, a small rotational load is balanced in the circumferential direction based on the rotational center of the final fixed shaft 133a. Therefore, not only the wear of the gear due to the unbalanced load can be prevented, but also the large output can be obtained by using the small motor 132, so that a small capacity motor can be employed. Therefore, the overall device size, as well as the weight of the device can be reduced, there is an advantage that can reduce the manufacturing cost.

In addition, the configuration includes a first worm gear 134 having a pair of worm wheels (134b), and a second worm gear 135 having a pair of worms (135a), the power of the motor 132 fixed shaft By having the configuration to transmit to the (133a), the housing 131 that is relatively rotated relative to the fixed shaft (133a) can be rotated more stably, the external pressure (for example, wind pressure, etc.) acting on the housing 131 ) Can be firmly and stably supported.

The tilting device 140 includes one or more actuators 141 connecting the housing 131 and the light plate 110 to each other. The actuator 141 is independently driven and controlled by the main controller 150. One end of the actuator 141 is connected to the support bracket 142 extending to one side of the housing 131, and the other end is connected to the main bracket 143 supporting the light plate 110. Here, the actuator 141 may be provided in plural and installed at different points. In addition, the actuator 141 may include, for example, a hydraulic cylinder device including a piston and a cylinder, the length of which may be adjusted when driven, and various kinds of actuators may be used.

As shown in the solid line of FIG. 2A, the actuator 141 is installed as described above, and the actuator 141 is driven in accordance with the change of position of the sun 10 in the state shown by the virtual line in FIG. 2A. The skylight plate 110 may be tilted to track the sun 10.

The light plate position detection unit 170 is for detecting the position (posture) of the light plate 110 according to the actual position of the light plate 110, that is, the position of the sun. The light plate position detecting unit 170 includes one or more acceleration sensors 171, one or more gyro sensors 173, and a position calculating unit 175.

The acceleration sensor 171 may be installed in the skylight plate 110 to acquire coordinate values according to the position change of the skylight plate 110 to accurately detect a change in position, that is, a changed position. That is, at least one acceleration sensor 171 is provided and installed in the skylight plate 110. The acceleration sensor 171 may include, for example, a three-axis acceleration sensor, and detects the displacement coordinate values (X, Y, Z displacement coordinate values) at the time of position change and attitude change of the skylight plate 110. Transfer to the calculator 175.

The gyro sensor 173 is installed in the skylight plate 110 and moves together to detect a change in position of the skylight plate 110. One or more such gyro sensors 173 may be installed in the skylight plate 110. The gyro sensor 173 measures displacement values in the X, Y, and Z axes at the time of the position change and the posture change of the light plate 110, and transmits the displacement values to the position calculator 175.

In the position calculator 175, based on the coordinate values (displacement values) detected by each of the acceleration sensor 171 and the gyro sensor 173, the actual position of the skylight 110, that is, the sun position, is referred to. It will calculate the altitude and hardness.

As described above, the information detected by each of the acceleration sensor 171 and the gyro sensor 173 is transmitted to the position calculating unit 175, and the position calculating unit 175 detects the acceleration sensor 171 and the gyro sensor 173. Based on the data, the actual position of the actual skylight plate 110, that is, the altitude and hardness based on the sun position is calculated.

In particular, although only one of the acceleration sensor 171 and the gyro sensor 173 may be used, more reliable position information can be detected than when two sensors are used, so that the actual position value of the light plate 110 can be more accurately measured. You can get it.

The main controller 150 is based on the solar position information transmitted from the main solar position calculation unit 120, the panning device 130 and the tilting device (110) to track the sun (10) 140 are independently driven and controlled.

In addition, the main controller 150 measures the actual position (posture) of the skylight plate 110 calculated and transmitted by the position calculation unit 175 of the skylight position detector 170, and the main solar position calculator 120. Compare with the theoretical value calculated in). If there is a difference between the measured value and the theoretical value as a result of the comparison, the panning device 130 and the tilting device 140 are controlled to correct the position (posture) of the skylight plate 110 so that the measured value matches the theoretical value. Done.

Therefore, the skylight plate 110 can always track the position of the sun accurately, so that the sunlight can be mined in the best state, the difference due to malfunction or driving error of the panning device 130 and the tilting device 140 The value can be detected and corrected.

In addition, when the difference between the measured value and the theoretical value detected by the light plate position detecting unit 170 is excessive, that is, when the difference is more than the reference ratio (10%) or more, the main controller 150 is the panning apparatus 130. And it is determined that the failure of the tilting device 140, so that subsequent actions can be made. That is, when the main controller 150 is determined to be the failure of the panning apparatus 130 and the tilting apparatus 140, the panning apparatus 130 and the tilting to the management server of the terminal or the management center of the administrator through the transmission unit not shown By transmitting the failure information of the device 140, it can be recognized by the administrator or the management center to be able to repair or replace the failure.

As described above, the solar position value is theoretically calculated by the program, and the skylight plate 110 tracks the sun according to the calculated theoretical value, so that the skylight plate 110 can easily track the sun. In addition, since the installation location information and date and time information of the skylight plate 110 can be known, the accurate time from the sunrise time to the sunset time is ensured so that the skylight plate 110, the panning device 130 and the tilting. By restricting and controlling the driving time of the device 140, the control of the skylight plate 110, the panning device 130 and the tilting device 140 is stopped from the sunset time to the sunrise time, and thus the management cost accordingly. And maintenance costs can be reduced.

In addition, it is possible to detect the actual position (posture) of the skylight plate 110 by using the skylight plate position detection unit 170 provided in the skylight plate 110, thereby comparing the measured value and the theoretical value to the actual skylight plate. It is possible to determine whether or not the position 110 is controlled according to a control signal, and if a difference occurs, it is possible to control the skylight plate 110 to accurately track the sun at all times. Can be maximized.

In addition, according to the solar tracking device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration, the panning apparatus having a structure for transmitting power by decelerating and transmitting power by the first and second worm gears (134,135). By 130, the skylight plate 110 can be stably supported, and power can be stably transmitted through a balanced support force rather than an eccentric structure. Therefore, the skylight plate 110 can be stably supported even against large wind power, and even if a small capacity motor is installed, the skylight plate 110 can be stably panned.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

110..Mining plate 120..Main solar position calculation unit
130. Panning device 140. Tilting device
150..main control unit 160..base
170..Mining plate position detector

Claims (8)

A main solar position calculator for calculating and calculating the position of the sun theoretically based on the position of the skylight plate for using the program;
A panning device for panning the skylight plate relative to a base;
A tilting device installed on the panning device to tilt the light guide plate;
A light plate position detector for measuring an actual position (posture) with respect to the sun of the light plate; And
The panning device and the tilting device are driven to control the position of the skylight plate according to the theoretical values calculated by the main solar position calculation unit, and the position measurement value for the adjusted skylight plate is transmitted from the skylight plate position detector. And a main controller configured to control the controller to correct and adjust the position of the skylight plate by a difference between the theoretical value and the measured value.
The panning apparatus,
A housing rotatably installed with respect to the base and supporting the tilting device; A motor installed in the housing; And a gear unit configured to rotate the housing with respect to the base by using the power of the motor.
The gear unit includes:
A fixed shaft having one end fixed to the base and extending into the housing; A first worm gear that reduces and transmits a rotational speed of power output from the motor; And a second worm gear that receives the power of the first worm gear and transmits the power to the fixed shaft. The housing is rotated about the fixed shaft by a relative movement between the second worm gear and the fixed shaft.
The first worm gear is,
A first worm installed in the housing so as to receive power from the motor, and a pair of first worm wheels geared to the gears of the first worm and symmetrically installed with respect to the first worm. ,
The second worm gear is,
A pair of second worms coaxially connected to the first worm wheel, and installed between the pair of second worms and gear-connected to receive power simultaneously from the pair of second worms; A second worm wheel is installed,
And the second worm wheel is installed coaxially with the fixed shaft. delete delete delete According to claim 1, The tilting device,
It is installed to connect the housing and the skylight plate, and includes one or more actuators of adjustable length when driving,
And said actuator is drive-controlled by said control unit and the length thereof is adjusted, thereby driving the skylight plate to the housing. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the light plate position detection unit,
And an acceleration sensor installed on the skylight plate to detect a coordinate displacement value when the attitude of the skylight plate changes. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the light plate position detection unit,
And a gyro sensor installed on the skylight plate and detecting a coordinate displacement value when the attitude of the skylight plate changes. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the light plate position detection unit,
An acceleration sensor installed in the skylight plate;
Solar tracking device, characterized in that it comprises a gyro sensor respectively installed in the skylight plate.

Images