KR101310751B1 - Composition for promoting mucous secretion in fish - Google Patents

Abstract

 The present invention provides a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish comprising L-threonine, L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, DL-alanine, and / or salts thereof, feed composition comprising the composition, feed additives, promoting mucus secretion A pharmaceutical agent, an immunostimulating agent, or a fish-bathing agent, wherein the composition according to the present invention is administered directly to a fish or in aquaculture to promote the secretion of fish to promote immunity of the fish or to move the fish tank. It can alleviate the stress of fish caused by or sorting.

Description

Composition for promoting mucous secretion in fish

The present invention relates to a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish. More specifically, the present invention is a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish comprising a specific amino acid, when added to the feed of the fish or when applied to the fishery to promote the secretion of fish mucus, thereby improving the immune function of the fish It relates to a composition that can be.

According to the Food Supply Table (2004) of the Korea Rural Economic Institute, the daily supply of animal protein per capita in Korea was 26.6 g of livestock and 19.91 g of fish and shellfish, with fish supply accounting for 42.8% of the protein supply. Consumption is gradually increasing.

Contrary to this increase in seafood consumption, the gradual decrease in domestic coastal fish species has led to the need for fish farming. In the early 1980s when marine fish farming in Korea began, the damage caused by disease was slight. In recent years, however, organic matters have accumulated on the sea floor due to increased breeding densities, year-round feed administration by warming systems, and long-term farming in certain bodies of water. These problems cause fish to lower the anti-history, and bacterial diseases such as streptococci, Edward disease, slide bacteremia, and Vibrio disease occur regardless of season.

As a preventive measure against such disease damage of fish, the reality is that most depend on the reduction of damage caused by the administration of antimicrobial drugs. The most commonly used antibiotic for fish is Oxytetracycline, and the long-term extensive use of the antibiotic has resulted in resistance of 80% or more to tetracycline-based antibiotics in aquaculture fish. In addition, due to food hygiene problems caused by the remaining in the body of the drug such as antibiotics and public health problems spread to the environment, there is a high demand for reducing the use of antibiotics in society.

Instead of using antimicrobial medications, other methods of preventing fish disease may be to bathe fish in disinfectants such as formalin. However, since most of the disinfectants are made of materials that are highly toxic to users or aquaculture organisms, the label containing the type of the disinfectant, concentration, date of manufacture, and danger label is labeled on the container containing the drug to manage them. The disinfectant can be easily inactivated during storage, so it must be stored in accordance with the chemical characteristics of the disinfectant such as low temperature, shading, and sealing. Is the reality.

Therefore, it would be safest to find an alternative that would enhance the immunity of the fish itself in order to increase the resistance of the fish to disease without the aforementioned problems of antibiotics or disinfectants.

In aquatic organisms, since the circulatory system is open and no lymph nodes exist, pathogens that invade the body immediately spread to the whole body and cause systemic infection. Thus, while aquatic organisms have lower immunity than terrestrial organisms, they can be easily infected because they live in harsh environments.

Looking more closely at the biological defense system of fish, phylogenetically, higher organisms above fish have the ability to counteract the invasion of foreign substances by phagocytosis and inactivation of external pathogens such as bacteria or viruses.

The ability to remove unspecified invading substances from the body and protect one's body is called non-specific immunity. When immunization occurs by remembering the antigenic structure of a specific pathogen, the immunity to mobilize antibodies against the antigen is called specific immunity. do.

In addition, factors that fight against foreign substances can be divided into physical and humoral defense factors, which act as a physical barrier to prevent the invasion of pathogens, body surface mucus, gill mucus, skin (anatomy Humoral defense factors, etc., and humoral defense factors include substances present in body surface mucus or blood, which selectively act on various pathogens, and are lytic, sterilized, and aggregated.

In healthy fish, pathogens can't even reach the skin. This is because the body surface mucus acts as a physical barrier and aggregates to lysates and natural aggregates by lysozyme, complement, and protease in the mucus, and when bacteria or parasites adhere to the body surface, it secretes mucus and eliminates pathogens during swimming. . Therefore, mucus can be said to be the first line of biological defense. When this body surface is broken by the pathogen, the skin acts as another barrier to prevent the spread of the disease.When the skin breaks through, the phagocytes appear to prevent and infect the whole body by non-selective phagocytosis. Pathogens with a history of invading pathogens in the past are equipped with mechanisms by which antibodies act to actively protect fish from disease.

In this principle, the vaccine puts a weak pathogen that the body can tolerate so that the body can have a career in the pathogen and actively protect the body from the disease when the pathogen later invades. Vaccination can be done in many ways, but the most common is to inoculate each body individually by injection. This is a safe method for public health and fisheries, but has a disadvantage in that a lot of labor is required.

In recent years, in the field of seedling production aimed at marine fish farming and cultivation fishery, a serious disease has occurred due to the prevalence of viral diseases that cannot be coped with antimicrobial drugs. Among these, there is a need for establishing a fundamental and further high-safety technology using fish biological defense mechanisms that have no problems with resistant bacteria and residues and are effective against viral diseases.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composition comprising a specific amino acid capable of promoting in vitro secretion of body surface mucus, which is the first defense system of fish.

Another object of the present invention to provide a feed for fish, feed additives, medicament for promoting the secretion of fish, immunity-promoting drugs, or a fish-bathing agent comprising the composition according to the present invention that can promote the secretion of fish It is to.

Another object of the present invention is to enhance the immunity of fish by administering the composition according to the present invention, which can promote the secretion of fish directly to the fish or in the farm, or caused by the movement of the fish tank or screening To provide a way to relieve stress.

In order to achieve the object as described above, the present invention is L-threonine, L- glutamic acid, L- lysine, DL-alanine, and / or salts thereof that can promote the secretion of mucus, which is the first defense system of fish It provides a composition comprising, a feed for fish, feed additives, a drug for promoting the secretion of fish mucus, immunity-promoting drugs, or a fish bath containing the composition.

According to the present invention, by providing the fish with a composition containing a specific amino acid, it promotes the secretion of mucus, which is the first defense system of the fish, to reduce infection from pathogens parasitic or penetrate the body surface, and antibiotics It may be possible to replace or minimize the amount of disinfectant that is prescribed with a disinfectant containing a toxic substance, such as formalin, which is used to suppress the body surface infection of the body. In addition, the composition according to the present invention can improve the body's resilience to various pathological and physical impacts occurring during the fish farming process, thereby promoting damage to the disease and stress by promoting the basic disease resistance function of the fish drug use Has the effect of reducing

The first aspect of the present invention relates to a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish comprising at least one component selected from L-threonine, L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, and salts thereof as an active ingredient.

The composition for promoting mucus secretion may further include DL-alanine or a salt thereof as necessary.

In the present specification, "fish" is interpreted to include a wide range of vertebrates living in the water, "mucus" is interpreted to include all of the mucus secreted from the body such as fish body or gills.

Salts of amino acids according to the present invention may be used salts that are conventionally added to fish feed, drugs, or baths.

The composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to the present invention may be a feed additive for fish additionally added to a feed that satisfies the basic nutrient requirement, or may be a separate formulation separately prescribed for fish provided with a basic feed diet.

In one embodiment, the composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to the present invention is L-threonine or salt thereof 4.5 to 88.5 parts by weight, L- glutamic acid or salt thereof 0.1 to 20.0 parts by weight, and L- lysine or salt 1.0 to 40.0 parts by weight.

In another embodiment, the composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to the present invention is L-threonine or salt thereof 4.5 to 88.5 parts by weight, L-glutamic acid or salt thereof 0.1 to 20.0 parts by weight, L- lysine or salt 1.0- 40.0 parts by weight, and 0.01-5.0 parts by weight of DL-alanine or a salt thereof.

It is preferable to compose the composition in the above composition ratio in order to achieve synergy of the main action and the auxiliary action for promoting mucus secretion of fish.

More specifically, when the content of L-threonine or a salt thereof is less than 4.5 parts by weight, the mucus secretion effect is weak, and when more than 88.5 parts by weight, the effect of other amino acid components in the composition is difficult to be exerted.

If the content of L- glutamic acid or a salt thereof is less than 0.1 part by weight, the growth promoting function of the intestinal villi is weak, and if it is more than 20.0 parts by weight, the economy is inferior to the effect.

When the content of L-lysine or a salt thereof is less than 1 part by weight in the total composition, mucus secretion is not sufficient, and when it exceeds 40 parts by weight, the economy is inferior to the effect.

DL-alanine is a component that can be optionally used in the present invention. When DL-alanine is added, the content is less than 0.01 parts by weight, there is no immune effect of the alanine to produce antibodies and globulin, and more than 5 parts by weight is less economical compared to the effect.

Looking at the components of the composition according to the invention in more detail as follows.

Each amino acid in the composition according to the invention is used in the form of amino acids or salts thereof.

L-threonine included in the composition of the present invention is a major component in mucus composition and antibody formation. Mucus is a protein mainly composed of glycoproteins, and thus plays a role of blocking pathogenic viruses or bacteria on the body surface, L-threonine is the most important component for exerting the mucus secretion enhancing effect of the composition according to the present invention. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish comprising L-threonine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient is provided.

L-glutamic acid is preferably used in the form of crystalline L-glutamic acid or L-monosodium glutamic acid, and plays an important role in villi growth, such as acting as an energy source of intestinal chorionic cells. In the case of aquatic organisms, the digestive system is always exposed to the water environment as well as the body surface, so gut villi plays a very important role in mucus secretion and physical defense.

L-lysine may be used in the form of L-lysine or L-lysine hydrochloride or L-lysine sulfate. L-lysine is an essential amino acid that forms body tissues and plays a role in preventing the body tissues from being consumed when consumable diseases such as infectious diseases.

DL-alanine plays a role in immunity in the immune system that produces antibodies and globulins, and plays a role in the vitality and liver function of fish.

Each of these amino acids complementarily plays an important role in in vitro mucus secretion and primary defense of fish.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a fish product comprising a composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to the present invention, examples of the product is fish feed, feed additives, medicament for promoting the secretion of fish, immunity Enhancement drug, a fish detergent, etc. are mentioned.

Fish feed according to the present invention, feed additives, medicament for stimulating the secretion of fish, drugs for enhancing immunity, or a fish bath may further include known additives such as carriers, excipients, stabilizers that are acceptable to fish. . In addition, if necessary, various nutrients such as vitamins, other amino acids, minerals, antioxidants, antibiotics, antibacterial agents, and other additives may be further included. Feed additives of the present invention can be supplied to fish alone or mixed in a feed.

Fish feed, mucus secretion promoting agent, immune boosting agent, or bath drug according to the present invention comprises 0.3 to 0.5% by weight of the mucus secretion promoting composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, or 300 per ton of fish Although it may be applied to ~ 500g, in consideration of being supplied in water, it is preferable to increase or include 10 to 50% of the amount used.

Fish feed according to the present invention may be in the form of a general feed such as solid feed, such as EP (extruded pellet), MP (moist pellet) feed, or live feed.

Feed additives according to the present invention can also be added to the feed of the various forms described above 0.3 to 0.5% by weight or 300 to 500g per ton of fish.

The agent for promoting mucus secretion or the agent for enhancing immunity according to the present invention may be in the form of an oral administration or injection.

By dissolving the bath according to the present invention alone or in combination with a known disinfectant or antibiotic in an appropriate amount of water and then bathing the young fry, it is possible to prevent or treat various diseases by promoting mucus secretion.

The third aspect of the present invention is to enhance the immunity by promoting the mucus secretion of the fish by administering the composition according to the invention directly to the fish or in the aquaculture farms, or to reduce the stress caused by the fish tank transfer or screening operation It is about a method of mitigation. When the fish is moved or screened in the fish tank in the farm, mucus secretion is reduced due to stress caused by stress, by promoting the secretion of the composition according to the present invention can cope with problems caused by stress, such as to increase resistance to disease.

Hereinafter, an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated concretely. These are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example

Example 1

Preparation of Feed Additives

45 g of L-threonine, 3 g of L-glutamic acid, and 25 g of L-lysine hydrochloride were mixed and glucose was added as an excipient to the mixture to prepare 1 kg of feed additive 1.

45 kg of L-threonine, 3 g of L-glutamic acid, 25 g of L-lysine hydrochloride, and 3 g of DL-alanine were mixed and glucose was added as an excipient to the mixture to prepare 1 kg of feed additive 2.

Mucus secretion confirmation experiment

The above feed additives were fed during the growing period of the fry. Various kinds of bath and feed additives are being released to prepare for the damage of the squatch caterpillar, which causes a lot of mortality during the fry period. However, most of the products used in many fish farms are formal baths such as formalin and hydrogen peroxide. In this study, we tried to reduce the use of the stress agent that stresses the fish body to the minimum by administering the additive, not the agent.

The test was conducted for about two months, and the fry used were stocked one month before the test. The total amount of tailings was about 300,000 rice and was divided into 100,000 rice of the feed additive 1, 150,000 rice of the feed additive 2, and 50,000 rice of the non-added control. All three had no history and no signs of disease at the time of stocking.

The effect of the feed additive according to the present invention began to be visible about one week after the addition, it was confirmed that the addition has a greater effect on the secretion of the external mucus than the non-added control. That is, the addition group and the non-added control group showed a considerable difference in the amount of fish surface mucus, and the addition group was visually observed to have a greater amount of mucus than the non-added control group.

In addition, the added group showed faster recovery than the non-added group in the ability of the tank to move or bathe and to recover from stress after screening, and the resistance of the fish to parasites during the onset of parasitic diseases was high. In particular, when examining the degree of resilience to many stresses and wounds during the screening process, the results showed a very positive result in the addition group, showing a rapid recovery from the shock applied during the screening process, and a rapid recovery even after bathing. In particular, many stressed the parasitic attack due to the loss of mucus in stress, but the addition group was able to reduce the damage caused by the parasite attack as the mucus secretion was quickly recovered. It was observed that mucus re-secretion started within 1 day (24 hours) after screening and bathing.

In relation to the secretion and recovery rate of mucus, visual inspection and microscopic examination were performed. There was no significant difference in the amount of mucus secretion and recovery rate between the addition of feed additive 1 and the addition of feed additive 2.

[Example 2]

100 g of L-threonine, 3 g of L-glutamic acid, and 25 g of L-lysine hydrochloride were mixed and glucose was added as an excipient to the mixture to constitute 1 kg of bath 1.

100 g of L-threonine, 3 g of L-glutamic acid, 25 g of L-lysine hydrochloride, and 3 g of DL-alanine were mixed and glucose was added as an excipient to the mixture to constitute 1 kg of bath 2.

Among the flounder with skin ulcer and snout corrosion, the flounder with 200g ~ 300g body weight was selected and used as test subject. In the three tanks maintained at a water temperature of 18 ℃ ~ 19 ℃ were put 5,000 halibut selected (15,000 total). The baths 1 and 2 baths were administered once a day 300g per ton of fish respectively. One remaining tank was used as a control without the bath.

As a result, it was confirmed that skin ulcers and snout corrosion were remarkably alleviated from the third day after the start of the test in the flounder of the test group administered with the bath agent 1 or 2 compared to the control group not administered the bath agent according to Example 2. No significant difference was observed between the test group administered with Bath 1 and the test group administered with Bath 2.

Claims (7)

4.5 to 88.5 parts by weight of L-threonine or salt thereof, 0.1 to 20.0 parts by weight of L-glutamic acid or salt thereof, 1.0 to 40.0 parts by weight of L-lysine or salt thereof, and 0.01 to 5.0 parts by weight of DL-alanine or salt thereof Composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish. delete A product comprising the composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to claim 1 as an active ingredient, wherein the product is a fish feed, a feed additive, a drug for promoting mucus secretion of fish, an agent for enhancing immunity, or a fish bath . 4. The product of claim 3, wherein the product further comprises one or more additives selected from fish acceptable carriers, excipients, stabilizers, vitamins, amino acids, minerals, antioxidants, antibiotics, and antibacterial agents. delete A method of promoting mucus secretion of fish by administering the composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to claim 1 directly to fish or on aquaculture farm. A method for relieving stress of fish by administering the composition for promoting mucus secretion of fish according to claim 1 directly to the fish or to the farm.