KR101303898B1 - The palladium supported tungsten alumina catalyst for hydrogenation, preparing method thereof and an application of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium for hydrogenation of succinic acid, a method for producing the same, and a method for producing gammabutyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol using the same.

Description

Palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst for hydrogenation reaction, preparation method thereof and use thereof {TH PALLADIUM SUPPORTED TUNGSTEN ALUMINA CATALYST FOR HYDROGENATION, PREPARING METHOD THEREOF AND AN APPLICATION OF THE SAME}

The present invention relates to a tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium for hydrogenation of succinic acid, a method for producing the same, and a method for producing gammabutyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol using the same.

Generally, gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-butanediol (BDO)) are all produced from petrochemical raw materials. In addition, the chemicals and derivatives thereof are largely required in related industries. Related markets are expected to grow at an annual average rate of around 4% globally and will require continued investment over the next 15 to 20 years.

The gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, and 1,4-butanediol have been obtained from the petrochemical conversion process as a conventional technique. However, due to problems such as high oil prices and global warming, an alternative process of the petrochemical conversion process is I am in the limelight.

The gamma-butyrolactone is an environmentally friendly product in the fields of polymer polymerization and processing solvents, paint manufacturing solvents, metal surface cleaners, pharmaceutical synthesis and refining solvents, semiconductor and electronic material processing solvents, lithium battery manufacturing solvents, etc. It is an important intermediate used in the production of pyrrolidone derivatives such as N-methylpyrrolidone which is in increasing demand. In addition, gamma butyrolactone is used as a starting material in various synthetic methods. In fact, it plays an important role in the production of butyric acid and derivatives, and the production of substances such as tetrahydrofuran and N-methylpyrrolidone. GBL itself is also known as an important solvent in the production of acrylates, polymers and synthetic resins.

The tetrahydrofuran is widely used in various fields such as being used as a solvent for organic compounds or as a raw material for polymer synthesis. In recent years, the amount of the synthetic polymer is used as a raw material and additives, and the amount thereof is gradually increased and manufactured by various methods. The most common method of preparation is the dehydration of 1,4-butanediol to produce tetrahydrofuran or the hydrogenation of furan to produce tetradrafurfuran. Recently, the hydrogenation of succinic acid is the gamma-butyrolactone (gamma-butyrolactone, GBL), tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol (1,4-butanediol) chemicals are attracting attention because it is possible to produce.

Conventional International Patent No. 2003-104175 discloses a method for producing an optionally alkyl-substituted 1,4-butanediol by two-step catalytic hydrogenation of succinic anhydride in the gas phase, but the palladium-supported tungsten alumina in the present invention Progression by the catalyst is not disclosed.

Hydrogenation of succinic acid converts succinic acid directly into gammabutyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol.

Hydrogenation of succinic acid from biomass has been reported to replace the petrochemical process because succinic acid is converted directly to the chemical, and many studies have been made recently because of its high value.

≪ Formula 1 >

Succinic acid + H ₂ → GBL + THF + BDO + others (butanol, propanol, ethanol, etc.)

The hydrogenation of the succinic acid has been reported to be advantageous in the conversion to THF when proceeding at a high temperature, and the conversion to BDO when proceeding at a low temperature.

In particular, the conversion reaction of succinic acid to GBL and the conversion of GBL to THF are dehydration reactions. Therefore, it is expected that development of catalysts having good selectivity to GBL and THF may be possible when an acid catalyst is applied. Currently, the development of a catalyst for the hydrogenation of succinic acid through the study of the catalyst for hydrogenation of succinic acid is urgently required.

WO 2003-104175 (2003.12.18.)

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium and a method for producing the same.

Another object of the present invention to provide a method for selectively producing gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol through the hydrogenation of succinic acid using the above catalyst.

In order to solve the above object, the present invention provides a palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst and a method for producing the same, characterized in that palladium is supported on an alumina carrier containing tungsten. .

In addition, the present invention is to prepare at least one product selected from the group of gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol by the hydrogenation reaction from the succinic acid reactant using the prepared palladium-tungsten alumina catalyst Provides a way to selectively obtain.

The tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium for the hydrogenation reaction of the present invention and a method for producing the tungsten alumina catalyst change the acid amount of the catalyst by controlling the amount of tungsten, and to increase the activity of the hydrogenation reaction of succinic acid by loading palladium, a precious metal on the tungsten alumina catalyst .

The palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst can be selectively converted into gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol through hydrogenation of succinic acid, and can be substituted for petrochemical process. That is an effective way.

1 is an analysis of the acid amount according to the tungsten content through ammonia temperature programmed desorption (TPD) analysis of the tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst of Preparation Examples 1-1 to 1-5 and Comparative Preparation Example 1 A graph showing the results.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for hydrogenation reaction in which palladium is supported on an alumina carrier containing tungsten.

The alumina carrier is one or two or more selected from γ-, η-, θ-, δ-, or χ-alumina, preferably γ-alumina.

γ-alumina carriers have high fracture strength and long service life.

The alumina may be a commercially available product or may be manufactured by a process of the prior art. For example, trihydrate, monohydrate and amorphous alumina or mixtures thereof, or trihydrate, monohydrate and amorphous alumina containing silicon, titanium, magnesium, boron, zirconium, thorium, niobium and rare earths or mixtures thereof The alumina can be produced by molding and calcining.

The tungsten may be any one commonly used in the art, but is preferably one or two or more selected from tungsten-containing soluble compounds such as tungstate, metatungstate, and ethyl metatungstate. Preferably ammonium metatungstate and ammonium ethyl metatungstate can be used.

In addition, in the present invention, the acid amount of the catalyst may be adjusted by adjusting the content of tungsten.

The catalyst preferably comprises 0.001 to 60% by weight tungsten, 0.1 to 30% by weight palladium and residual alumina relative to the total weight of the catalyst, more preferably 5 to 55% by weight tungsten, 1 to 10% by weight palladium and residual alumina. It may include, and may include 20 to 55% by weight tungsten, 1 to 8% by weight palladium and the balance alumina.

The tungsten changes the acid point of the tungsten alumina catalyst according to its content, and the specific surface area of the catalyst decreases as the content of tungsten increases, so that when it is included in the above range with respect to the total weight of the catalyst, the acid amount and the specific surface area are most suitable. It can be prepared as.

The catalyst supporting palladium on the tungsten-containing alumina carrier was prepared by controlling the acid amount of the tungsten alumina catalyst by varying the amount of tungsten for acid spot expression, and then carrying palladium, a precious metal, active in the hydrogenation of succinic acid. This is a highly heterogeneous catalyst.

A tungsten-alumina-supported palladium is compared to tungsten palladium it is not supported alumina _{(WO 3 / Al 2 O 3} ) (Pd / WO 3 / Al 2 O 3) is excellent in the activity of the catalyst for the hydrogenation of succinic acid.

The catalyst is characterized by having an acidic amount of 0.25 to 0.5, but is not limited thereto.

Moreover, it is preferable that the said hydrogenation reaction is a hydrogenation reaction of succinic acid.

In the hydrogenation reaction, succinic acid as a reactant may be dissolved and used in a suitable solvent commonly used in the art. For example, the solvent may be one or two or more selected from dioxane, ethanol, water, and mixtures thereof. .

In addition, in the hydrogenation reaction, the reactant succinic acid is preferably included in 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 30% by weight, most preferably 5 to 20% by weight relative to the total reactant weight May be included as a%.

In addition, the present invention provides a catalyst production method,

a) preparing a tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst;

b) supporting palladium on the prepared tungsten alumina catalyst; and

c) tungsten alumina loaded with palladium (Pd / WO ₃ /) comprising the step of b), followed by drying at 65 to 100 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours and calcining at 500 to 600 ° C. for 3 to 6 hours. Al ₂ O ₃ ) relates to a method for preparing a catalyst.

Step a) preparing the tungsten alumina catalyst may be prepared by a method commonly used in the art,

a-1) adding a tungsten precursor to the alumina carrier;

a-2) drying the tungsten-added alumina carrier at 65 to 100 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours; and

a-3) after the drying, it is preferable to include a step of producing a tungsten alumina catalyst by baking for 3 to 6 hours at 500 to 600 ℃.

The method of adding or supporting the above steps a-1) and b) may be used as long as it is a method commonly used in the art within the scope of not impairing the object and effect of the present invention, but preferably, the initial impregnation method (Incipient) Wetness method can be used.

The tungsten is preferably 0.001 to 60% by weight, more preferably 5 to 55% by weight, and most preferably 20 to 55% by weight based on the total weight of the catalyst.

The palladium is preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 1 to 10% by weight, most preferably 1 to 8% by weight, based on the total weight of the tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium. . If palladium is contained in an amount less than 0.1% by weight of the total weight, the progress of the hydrogenation reaction is insignificant. If it contains more than 30% by weight, the amount of precious metals is excessively increased and the unit cost of the catalyst is seriously increased. There is a problem.

Selectively obtaining one or more products selected from the group of gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol by hydrogenation from the succinic acid which is a reactant using the prepared palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst It is about a method.

The hydrogenation reaction is a reaction temperature of 100 to 300 ℃, the total pressure is filled with hydrogen gas to react for 5 to 8 hours at 80 to 120 atm, hydrogen partial pressure 10 to 50 atm, more preferably the reaction temperature 200 To 250 ℃, the total pressure may be carried out at 5 to 7 hours at 90 to 110 atm, hydrogen partial pressure 30 to 40 atm by filling the hydrogen gas.

In addition, the hydrogenation reaction of the succinic acid is charged with a tungsten alumina catalyst (Pd / WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) prepared in the palladium in a batch reactor to introduce gaseous hydrogen at a high pressure of 100 to 300 ℃ Was performed.

The lower the reaction temperature, the lower the conversion rate of the product from succinic acid, which is not preferable. If the temperature exceeds 300 ° C, it is not preferable in terms of energy efficiency and deactivation and stability of the catalyst.

The reaction temperature of the hydrogenation reaction is most preferably performed at 200 to 250 ℃ in terms of catalyst activity and stability.

In the hydrogenation reaction, the reactant succinic acid can be used in a suitable solvent commonly used in the art, for example, dioxane, ethanol, water and mixtures thereof.

In addition, in the hydrogenation reaction, the reactant succinic acid is preferably included in 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 30% by weight, most preferably 5 to 20% by weight relative to the total reactant weight May be included as a%.

When the hydrogenation of succinic acid is carried out using the catalyst according to the present invention, gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-butanediol and the like are produced.

The distribution of the product is different depending on the amount of tungsten supported in the catalyst of the present invention, and when the hydrogenation of succinic acid is carried out under the reaction conditions, tetrahydrofuran may be prepared with high selectivity.

Since the amount of acid is adjusted according to the amount of tungsten supported, the activity of the corresponding catalyst appears differently, and thus, chemicals such as gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran, and 1,4-butanediol may be generated according to respective catalyst characteristics.

However, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. These examples are illustrative of the present invention only, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Preparation Example: Preparation of Tungsten Alumina Catalyst Supported with Palladium

1) Preparation of tungsten alumina catalyst of Preparation Examples 1-1 to 1-5 and alumina catalyst of Comparative Preparation Example 1

Tungsten alumina catalyst production is as follows.

Tungsten precursor was used to prepare ammonium metatungstate (Ammonium metatungstate, Sigma, US) in an aqueous solution.

Initial impregnation method using commercial alumina (Sasol, South Africa) as a carrier and dispersing the aqueous solution of ammonium metatungstate using a micropipette 20 microliters, dropping one drop at a time, evenly spread over the alumina carrier. Wetness method) and dried at 80 ℃ 12 hours.

Then, by firing at 550 ℃ for 4 hours to prepare a powder-type tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst. Tungsten supported amount, specific surface area and surface density of the prepared tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst are shown in Table 1 below.

In this case, when the amount of the solution taken with the micropipette exceeds 100 μL, the tungsten precursor may not spread evenly over the alumina and thus may not be able to obtain a desired catalyst performance.

The amount of tungsten (W) of the catalyst was measured by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectromete) analysis, and the specific surface area of the catalyst was measured by BET. In addition, the surface density was calculated by the following equation 1 using the tungsten concentration and the specific surface area.

Tungsten Alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) Catalyst Specific surface area
(m ² / g) Surface density
(W / nm ² ) tungsten
(weight%) Alumina
(weight%) Production Example 1-1 14 86 199.3 2.0 (2.7 WA) Production Example 1-2 26 74 184.2 3.7 (3.7 WA) Production Example 1-3 32 68 157.3 5.0 (5.0 WA) Production Example 1-4 38 62 139.9 6.4 (6.4 WA) Production Example 1-5 53 47 118.8 9.5 (9.5 WQ) Comparative Preparation Example 1 0 100 238.6 0 (0 WA)

In addition, the amount of acid according to tungsten content through analysis of ammonia temperature programmed desorption (TPD) on the tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst of Preparation Examples 1-1 to 1-5 and the alumina catalyst of Comparative Preparation Example 1 Was analyzed and the results are shown in FIG.

2) Tungsten Alumina Catalyst Supporting Palladium of Preparation Examples 2-1 to 2-5 and Comparative Preparation Example 2

After measuring the specific surface area of the powder-type tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst prepared in Preparation Examples 1-1 to 1-5 and Comparative Preparation Example 1, the volume of the pores was determined to determine the volume of the pores. To 5 g of alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst, 20 μL of a palladium precursor was taken by a micropipette and added dropwise to the tungsten alumina carrier while dropping dropwise, followed by an initial impregnation method, and dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours. .

The palladium precursor was used 10% by weight palladium nitrate (Palladium (II) nitrate, Sigma, US) relative to the total weight of the aqueous solution of nitrate.

At this time, if the amount of the solution taken by the micropipette is too large (> 100 μL), the tungsten precursor may not be evenly spread over the alumina, and thus the performance of the desired catalyst may not be obtained.

After drying, the resultant was calcined at 550 ° C. for 4 hours to prepare a tungsten alumina catalyst (Pd / WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) supporting palladium of powder type.

Tungsten Alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) Catalyst Palladium
(weight%) Production Example 2-1 Production Example 1-1 97 3 Production example 2-2 Production Example 1-2 97 3 Production Example 2-3 Production Example 1-3 97 3 Preparation Example 2-4 Production Example 1-4 97 3 Production example 2-5 Production Example 1-5 97 3 Comparative Production Example 2 Comparative Preparation Example 1 97 3

Example  1 to 4 and Comparative example  1: palladium Bearing Tungsten alumina  Production of the product by hydrogenation of succinic acid using a catalyst

Examples 1-4; And Comparative Example 1, Preparation Example 2-1 and Preparation Examples 2-3 to 2-5; And hydrogenation reaction of succinic acid was carried out by applying tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium prepared in Comparative Preparation Example 2.

The reaction product was 37.5 mL of ethanol, a mixture of 12.5 mL tertiary distilled water, 5 g of succinic acid, and experiments were performed by adding 3 g of the catalysts of Preparation Example 2-1 and Preparation Examples 2-3 to 2-5, respectively. . At this time, the reaction temperature was 250 ℃, the total pressure was filled with hydrogen gas to maintain 100 atm, the total reaction time was fixed to 6 hours.

Hydrogenation of succinic acid was carried out using the catalyst according to the present invention under the above reaction conditions. Thus, gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol were produced.

When applying the catalyst prepared under the reaction conditions as in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, the resulting chemical product is shown in Table 3 below.

catalyst Conversion rate of succinic acid
(%) THF
Selectivity
(%) BDO
Selectivity
(%) GBL
Selectivity
(%) by-product
(Butanol, propanol, etc.) Example 1 Production Example 2-1 75.6 33 34 33 0 Example 2 Production Example 2-3 92.6 49 20 22 9 Example 3 Preparation Example 2-4 84.8 53 22 24 One Example 4 Production example 2-5 83.5 47 30 20 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Production Example 2 49.8 16 47 37 0

As shown in Table 3, when the catalyst according to the present invention is applied to the hydrogenation of succinic acid as in Examples 1 to 4, the tungsten alumina catalyst carrying palladium as in Examples 1 to 4 is Compared with the tungsten-free palladium-alumina catalyst, it showed a definite effect on the conversion rate of succinic acid and the selectivity of tetrahydrofuran (THF). This property is related to the acid amount of the tungsten alumina catalyst, it was confirmed that the conversion rate of succinic acid increases as the acid amount of the catalyst increases.

Claims (13)

A catalyst for the hydrogenation reaction of succinic acid, characterized in that palladium is supported on an alumina carrier containing tungsten. 2. The catalyst for hydrogenation of succinic acid according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst comprises 0.001 to 60 wt% tungsten, 1 to 30 wt% palladium, and the balance of alumina relative to the total weight of the catalyst. The catalyst for hydrogenation of succinic acid according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst has an acid amount of 0.25 to 0.5. delete The catalyst for hydrogenation of succinic acid according to claim 1, wherein succinic acid, which is a reactant in the hydrogenation reaction, uses one or two or more selected from dioxane, ethanol, water, and a mixture thereof as a solvent. The catalyst for hydrogenation of succinic acid according to claim 1, wherein the succinic acid which is a reactant in the hydrogenation reaction is included in an amount of 0.1 to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the reactant. a) preparing a tungsten alumina (WO ₃ / Al ₂ O ₃ ) catalyst;
b) supporting palladium on the prepared tungsten alumina catalyst; and
c) palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst manufacturing method comprising the step of, after step b), drying at 65 to 100 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours and calcining at 500 to 600 ° C. for 3 to 6 hours. . The method of claim 7, wherein a) preparing a tungsten alumina catalyst,
a-1) adding a tungsten precursor to the alumina carrier;
a-2) drying the tungsten-added alumina carrier at 65 to 100 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours; and
a-3) Palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst manufacturing method comprising the step of drying, after the baking for 3 to 6 at 500 to 600 ℃ to produce a tungsten alumina catalyst. The method of claim 7, wherein the tungsten comprises 0.001 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the catalyst. The method of claim 7, wherein the palladium is included in an amount of 0.1 to 30 wt% based on the total weight of the palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst. A palladium-supported tungsten alumina catalyst prepared by any one of claims 7 to 10 is selected from the group of gamma butyrolactone, tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-butanediol by hydrogenation from a succinic acid as a reactant. A method of hydrogenating succinic acid, characterized in that selectively obtaining one or more products. The hydrogenation method of succinic acid according to claim 11, wherein the succinic acid which is a reactant in the hydrogenation reaction is included in an amount of 0.1 to 50 wt% based on the total weight of the reactant. The succinic acid of claim 11, wherein the hydrogenation reaction is performed at a reaction temperature of 100 to 300 ° C., and the total pressure is filled with a hydrogen gas to react for 80 to 120 atm, hydrogen at 10 to 50 atm, and 5 to 8 hours. Hydrogenation method.

Images