KR101299637B1 - Opportunistic Concurrent Transmission Method of Wireless Network - Google Patents

Abstract

및

의 조건을 만족하도록 상기 제1 액세스 포인트의 송신 파워를 결정하는 단계를 포함한다.In the present invention, the power of the transmitter is adjusted so that the SINR value of the link transmitted by each access point satisfies the condition of simultaneous transmission. That is, the packet transmission method according to the present invention is a packet transmission method of the first access point in a wireless network system including a first access point, a second access point, and a central control device. Collecting an RSS value of a receiving device existing in a wireless network system, calculating an SINR value based on the RSS value of the receiving device collected by the central controller, and calculating the SINR calculated by the central control device; Value above

And

Determining a transmit power of the first access point to satisfy a condition of.

Description

Opportunistic Concurrent Transmission Method of Wireless Network

The present invention relates to an opportunistic simultaneous transmission method of a wireless network. More particularly, the present invention relates to an opportunistic simultaneous transmission method of a wireless network that can efficiently use a limited radio resource by increasing an opportunity for simultaneous transmission.

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) complying with the IEEE 802.11 standard have the powerful advantages of being cheap, easy to install, and fast. However, the explosive spread of wireless LANs causes a problem of using limited wireless resources more efficiently.

The IEEE 802.11 Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) has been used as a representative MAC protocol for wireless LANs because of its ease of implementation and distributed characteristics in most environments. DCF does not allow concurrent transmissions because it operates on a carrier sense multiple access / collision avoidance (CSMA / CA) basis. This is to prevent transmissions from failing due to interference or collision of simultaneously transmitted signals.

However, the use of the CSMA / CA method inevitably leads to a waste of limited radio resources in terms of spatial reuse. However, even if signals are transmitted simultaneously, successful reception may be achieved, not failure, depending on the packet delivery order and the relative signal strength. This is called a capture effect.

Conventional LAN cards have physical signal capture when the Intended signal arrives before the interference signal with sufficient signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) or within the preamble transmission time of the interference signal. Layer Capture) is enabled. In addition, the WLAN card using Atheros chipset with Message In Message (MIM) function adopts the advanced preamble detection technology, so that the preamble time of the interference signal if the intended signal has a sufficient SINR value (10dB). Since it can be captured even later, the capture probability is much greater.

This is illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 1 (a) shows a case of PHY capture, and FIG. 1 (b) shows capture when using a wireless LAN card implementing the MIM function.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 1, if an intended signal having a sufficient SINR of about 10 dB arrives before the preamble transmission of the interfering signal ends, the intended signal can be captured.

In contrast, in the case of implementing the MIM function, even if the intended signal arrives after the preamble transmission of the interference signal is completed, it can be captured.

On the other hand, a packet that arrives first may continue the decoding procedure of the packet if the signal arrived first has a high SINR (4dB) even if another packet prevents successful reception. This is illustrated in FIG. 2, also referred to as first frame capture.

Disclosure of Invention The present invention has been made on the basis of the above technical background, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an opportunistic simultaneous transmission method of a wireless network that can efficiently use a limited radio resource by increasing the chance of simultaneous transmission in a wireless LAN system.

In order to solve this problem, the present invention adjusts the power of the transmitter so that the SINR value of the link transmitted by each access point satisfies the condition of simultaneous transmission.

That is, the packet transmission method according to an aspect of the present invention is a packet transmission method of the first access point in a wireless network system including a first access point, a second access point, and a central control device. The device collecting the RSS value of the receiving device existing in the wireless network system, calculating the SINR value based on the RSS value of the receiving device collected by the central controller, and calculating by the central control device. Determining a transmit power of the first access point such that the SINR value satisfies Equations 4 and 5 below.

 &Quot; (4) "

&Quot; (5) "

(Where R1 and R2 are the receiving devices intended by the first access point and the second access point)

Here, the first access point may further include transmitting simultaneously with the second access point according to the determined transmission power.

A packet transmission method according to another aspect of the present invention is a packet transmission method of a first access point existing in a wireless network system, and when there is a packet to be transmitted by the first access point, transmission from the second access point. Acquiring information of a link being used, checking a signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) value of the transmitting link with reference to an interference map, and if the identified SINR value is equal to or greater than a predetermined capture threshold, the packet And the simultaneous transmission, wherein the identified SINR value satisfies [Equation 4] and [Equation 5], and the simultaneous transmission in the simultaneous transmission step is the following [Equation 8] and [ It is characterized in that the made in the position to satisfy the equation (9).

[Equation 8]

&Quot; (9) "

(The coordinates of R1 and R2, which are the first access point, the second access point, and the receiving device intended by the first access point and the second access point, are respectively (a, b), (c, d), (x, y) (x ', y'))

According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, even if there is transmission of another AP corresponding to the interference signal according to the network topology, if the signal having a sufficient SINR value, the simultaneous transmission of the opportunity in the resource of the entire WLAN system Can be used efficiently. In addition, in order to increase the chance of simultaneous transmission, the transmitter power may be adjusted to satisfy the SINR requirement for simultaneous transmission.

1 is a diagram illustrating a transmission schedule in which physical layer capture and MIM capture are performed.
2 is a diagram illustrating a transmission schedule in which first frame capture is performed.
3 is a diagram illustrating an experimental test bed of a simultaneous transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a graph showing a transmission rate of a transmitting device as the SINR measured by the receiving device increases.
5 is a scenario illustrating an access method based on mathematical access and measurement for MIM simultaneous transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a visual depiction of simultaneous transmission area with MIM capture effect.
7 illustrates the physical environment of a measurement study in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a graph illustrating a comparison result between a channel model and actual measured values.
9 is a two-dimensional SINR map.
10 is a graph comparing the simultaneous transmission opportunities with and without the transmitter power adjusting method (with a maximum output of 16 dBm).
11 shows an example of a network topology.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the expected performance of three methods of 802.11, TDMA-MIM, and TDMA-Power Control for each topology of FIG.

Advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Is provided to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. In the present specification, the singular form includes plural forms unless otherwise specified in the specification. It is noted that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising" used in the specification are intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the components, steps, operations, and / Or additions.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a method and system for the simultaneous transmission of opportunities in a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the experimental results conducted to prove the requirements of the MIM capture phenomenon will be described.

3 shows an experimental test bed.

As shown in Fig. 3, two transmitting apparatuses are transmitting to specific receiving apparatuses, and respective sniffers respectively record the transmissions of the transmitting apparatuses. In this experiment, a modern NIC implemented in MIM mode was used. Carrier detection was not used in MadWiFi, the software for adjusting the NIC for simultaneous transmission. Accordingly, each transmitting device ignores the transmission of the other transmitting device and continues to transmit regardless of the busyness of the wireless medium. In the environment shown in FIG. 3, TX1 is a transmitting device for transmitting frames towards the receiving device and TX2 is an interfering device. The interfering device broadcasts the frame on the wireless medium. Thus, the receiving device always suffers from interference.

In order to check the first frame capture and the MIM capture phenomenon, the rate transmitted by the transmitting apparatus TX1 to the intended receiving apparatus under the test bed environment is used.

4 shows the transmission rate of a transmitting device as the SINR measured by the receiving device increases.

Here, two high increases can be seen, where the first increase in the transmission rate occurs in the range of 2 to 4 dB SINR, and the second increase occurs in the range of 10 to 12 dB SINR. The first increase (approximately 55% increase) represents the first frame capture phenomenon in which the desired signal can be decoded at the receiving device even if another packet interferes with the reception, and the second increase (approximately 20% increase) is expected to arrive later. It indicates the MIM capture phenomenon that the signal can be decoded. These results are consistent with previous detailed measurement studies.

We now use a mathematical approach and a measurement-based approach to discover simultaneous transmission opportunities using the MIM capture phenomenon.

5 is a scenario illustrating an access method based on mathematical access and measurement for MIM simultaneous transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.

AP1 and AP2 are transmitters, and R1 and R2 are receivers intended by AP1 and AP2, respectively. The coordinates of AP1, AP2, R1 and R2 are (a, b), (c, d), (x, y) and (x ', y'), respectively. d _{AP1 → R1} means the distance between AP1 and R1. d _{AP2 → R1} means the distance between AP2 and R1. P _{AP1 → R1} and P _{AP2 → R1} represent power received at R1 from AP1 and AP2, respectively. Here, suppose that AP1 always sends a packet first when all APs attempt to start simultaneous transmission. When AP1 is a transmitting device, AP2 is an interfering device and vice versa.

First, according to the mathematical approach, two ground reflection channel models of light are applied to discover the MIM capture opportunity.

In order to calculate the chance that a simultaneous transmission MIM capture phenomenon may occur, the SINR shown in Equation 1 below is used. For ease of analysis, noise factors with relatively lower intensity than interference are ignored.

P _{r (i)} and I _{r (i)} are the received power and interference at the receiving device, respectively. G _{r (i), i} is the path from the transmitter i to the receiving device r (i). F _{r (i)} is the fading factor of the receiving device and P _i is the transmit power of the transmitter i. Antenna gains and other parameters are listed in Table 1 below. Assuming that the transmission powers of AP1 and AP2 are the same, two light ground reflection channel models are applied to Equation 1 to simplify the analysis. Accordingly, SINR is only affected by the distance between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Therefore, the SINR in the dB representation of R1 is expressed as Equation 2 below.

Parameter Value Frequency 5.8 GHz h _t and h _r 0.28 m G _t and G _r 7 dBi D _cross 19.0473 m PHY Rate 6 Mbps

는 2에서 4에 이르는 경로 손실 지수를 나타내며, 이 분석에서는

를 4로 정한다. R2의 SINR은 유사한 방법으로 다음의 [수학식 3]과 같이 표현된다.[Equation 2] in (2)

Represents pathloss indices ranging from 2 to 4.

Is set to 4. The SINR of R2 is expressed in the following Equation 3 in a similar manner.

To be able to capture MIM, two conditions must be met: Equation 4 shows an SINR requirement for a signal of interest (SoI) that arrives at a receiving device before an interference signal. In a similar manner, Equation 5 represents the SINR requirement for the SoI arriving at the receiving device later than the interfering signal. Therefore, two conditions must be met to enable MIM capture.

By replacing [Equation 4] and [Equation 5] with [Equation 2] and [Equation 3], the following [Equation 6] and [Equation 7] can be obtained.

이 10^0.2인 다음의 [수학식 8]을 얻을 수 있다.Solving Equation 6

10 ^0.2 so as to gain the following equation 8].

가 10^0.5인 다음의 [수학식 9]를 얻을 수 있다. [수학식 9]는 AP2의 10dB 요건을 표현하고 있다.Equation 8 expresses the 4 dB requirement of Equation 6. By a similar method, solving [Equation 7]

Equation 9 below is 10 ^0.5 . Equation 9 expresses the 10dB requirement of AP2.

It is now possible to calculate the MIM capture phenomenon opportunity based on the geopolitical location where the MIM capture phenomenon occurs. For example, suppose that the distance between AP1 and AP2 is 150m and the transmission range of AP is 180m, and the result is explained using FIG. In FIG. 6, regions marked by ⓐ (region colored in yellow) and ⓑ (region colored in red) represent the following states, respectively.

In conclusion, we can get the MIM capture phenomenon opportunity that enables simultaneous transmission, and the following Equation 10 represents this opportunity.

The probability of MIM capture is considered when AP1 sends a packet faster than AP2. Since all APs have the same power level, the first time AP2 sends a packet is similar to the first time AP1 sends it.

The following describes a measurement-based approach.

 The measurement-based approach is used to complement the mathematical approach with some limitations in analysis. The first of the limitations is that the two light ground reflection channel models used in the mathematical approach are not always accurate. The model only considers the distance factor as the main cause of signal attenuation, so the results of this analysis may not be realistic. The second limit is that the signal strength received at a certain distance is random because of the multidirectional propagation of the signal.

Therefore, another approach based on actual measurements was used to reduce the discrepancy between the anomaly and the real channel environment.

In order to conduct measurement studies, measurement of RSS values at all locations of the mobile station is required. Using this measured RSS value, the SINR can be calculated and the opportunity for simultaneous transmission can be obtained.

The physical environment of the measurement study is shown in FIG. 7. Additionally, NICs implemented in laptops with omni-directional antennas are used to record RSS values. The specifications and antennas of the NIC are shown in Table 1 above.

 Measurements were made in the 5.8 GHz frequency domain because the 2.4 GHz frequency domain is occupied by many wireless devices that may cause interference.

The RSS value must be measured to obtain the SINR value used to determine whether simultaneous transmission is possible. The measurement of the RSS value is made by one transmitting device and one receiving device. When the transmitting device sends a packet to the receiving device, the receiving station records the RSS value of the signal of the transmitting device. RSS values recorded in specific regions have low variation in the range of 1 to 3 dB. So we assume that the average RSS value represents a representative value of the region of the receiving device. However, there is a problem that the measurement of the long distance area is limited because the space is limited. To solve this problem, we adopt a theoretical channel model to get the RSS value over long distances. The theoretical channel model used is a free spatial channel model and two light ground reflection channel models. Equation 11 below shows the strength of the received signal applied to these two models. Different channel models are applied depending on the distance between the transmitting device and the receiving device. If the distance is less than D _Cross , the free space model is used. In the opposite case, two light ground reflection channel models are applied.

Although these channel models are widely known as models that reflect the reality, a comparison study between the channel model and the actual measured values is performed by using the channel model data from a long distance region, and the results of the comparison are shown in FIG. 8. have.

From this comparison graph, which includes various transmission power cases, it is reasonable to assume that the channel model and the actual measurement results have similar trends. Because of this similar trend, we can adopt a channel model to predict RSS values over long distances. After measuring the RSS value, Equation 12 can be used to convert the RSS value into SINR.

The measured RSS value has a relatively low variation in the outer space. Therefore, these values are used directly as the intended signal strength and the interference signal strength of the receiving device. Also, the noise factor is ignored since the interference affected by the basic noise factor is not important in calculating the SINR. It is possible to measure and predict RSS values in all regions within the transmission range of the transmitting device, so that SINR values can be obtained in all regions.

Since the SINR values of all the regions are obtained in this way, when the distance between the two transmitting apparatuses is 100m, the two-dimensional SINR map of the intended receiving apparatus of the transmitting apparatus can be derived. 9 shows the results of the transmission power of various one-way transmitters. The more red the map is, the higher the SINR value in that area. Conversely, the more yellow the map is, the lower the SINR in that area is. Furthermore, if the transmission power of the one-way transmitter is reduced, the size of the SINR map of the transmitter is reduced and the overall shape of the two-dimensional map is changed.

Now, a description will be given of a transmitter power adjusting method for increasing the chance of simultaneous transmission.

As described above, it can be seen that as the distance between transmitters increases, the chance of simultaneous transmission tends to increase. Therefore, as the AP is sparsely deployed, the opportunity for simultaneous transmission will increase. However, this method is not a realistic alternative since the AP may not cover a large area when sparsely disposed. Since the transmission range of most APs is quite redundant, it is necessary to increase the chance of simultaneous transmission even when the distance between transmitters is close.

If the distance between transmitters is fixed, the possibility of simultaneous transmission is determined by the topology. That is, it depends on the position of the destination receiver of each transmitter since the SINR value of the receiver is very dependent on the distance between the transmitter (transmitter and interferer) and the receiver. As mentioned above, the SINR value is an important requirement for the first frame capture and MIM capture effects, and the only way to adjust the SINR value is to adjust the power of the transmitter.

Accordingly, the SINR value of each receiver is adjusted by using the transmitter power adjusting method. Accordingly, even when the transmitter is present with other interferers and there is no opportunity for simultaneous transmission, the transmitter power can be adjusted to create an opportunity for simultaneous transmission.

10 shows the results with and without the transmitter power adjustment method (with a maximum output of 16 dBm).

As shown in FIG. 10, when using the MIM capture effect, it can be seen that an increase of about 10% of simultaneous transmission opportunities increases.

Although the transmitter power regulation method increases the chance of simultaneous transmission, there is a tradeoff between performance improvement and the overhead of transmitter power regulation. Since the first frame capture and MIM capture effects must meet stringent SINR requirements, each transmitter must know the RSS value of the receiver affected by the transmitter's signal. In order to know the RSS value, each receiver must inform the neighboring transmitter of the RSS value. In addition, transmitters must cooperate and exchange information with each other to adjust transmitter power and transmission schedule. This process is a burden on the wireless protocol. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a method in which the central control unit collects RSS values of each receiver and processes an appropriate transmission schedule and transmission power may be used. In this case, the transmitter only needs to follow the control of the central control unit, thereby reducing the overhead.

By using the transmitter power control method as described above, the opportunity for simultaneous transmission can be increased, and even if the mobile receiver of a specific topology does not satisfy the SINR requirement, it can create an appropriate environment for simultaneous transmission. If a particular network topology satisfies the SINR requirement of simultaneous transmission, each transmitter can make a successful transmission, resulting in an improvement in network capacity. Accordingly, we examined how the simultaneous transmission affects the performance of the wireless network.

In order to examine the performance, the SINR maps of the three topologies shown in FIG. 9 are used, and all receivers are assumed to be capable of MIM capture. Topology A is a case where simultaneous transmission is possible without transmitter power adjustment, topology B is a case where simultaneous transmission is possible only through transmitter power adjustment, and topology C is a case where simultaneous transmission is not possible even through transmitter power adjustment. Under this topology, three methods of using transmitter power steering for IEEE 802.11 DCF, TDMA MAC with MIM, and TDMA MAC with MIM were compared.

FIG. 11 shows the network topology and FIG. 12 shows the expected performance of the three methods.

As shown in FIG. 12, it can be seen that there is a significant performance improvement effect by simultaneous transmission, and it can also be seen that the transmitter power adjusting method can bring more simultaneous transmission opportunities.

While the invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to embrace all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit of the invention.

Claims (3)

A packet transmission method of the first access point in a wireless network system including a first access point, a second access point, and a central controller,
Collecting, by the central controller, an RSS value of a receiving device existing in the wireless network system;
Calculating an SINR value based on an RSS value of the receiving device collected by the central controller;
And determining transmission power of the first access point such that the SINR value calculated by the central control apparatus satisfies Equations 4 and 5 below.
&Quot; (4) "

&Quot; (5) "

(Where R1 and R2 are the receiving devices intended by the first access point and the second access point) The method of claim 1,
And transmitting the first access point simultaneously with the second access point according to the determined transmission power. delete

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