KR101298565B1 - Voltage supply circuit and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a voltage supply circuit having a starting voltage source (E10), a continuous operating voltage source (E20) and a storage capacitor (C10) implemented by a voltage source oscillating after the starting phase, in which case the starting voltage source (E10) and continuous operation The voltage source E20 is connected in parallel to the storage capacitor C10, in which case the voltage supply circuit also features a circuit arrangement having a self-locking function 20 that receives electrical energy from the storage capacitor C10, The circuit arrangement has output terminals A1 and A2, at which output voltage U ₃ is provided. The invention also relates to a method for providing a supply voltage U ₃ by a voltage supply circuit in this manner.

Description

Voltage Supply Circuits and Methods {VOLTAGE SUPPLY CIRCUIT AND METHOD}

The present invention relates to a voltage supply circuit having a starting voltage source, a continuous operating voltage source implemented by a voltage source oscillating after the starting step and a storage capacitor, in which case the starting voltage source and the continuous operating voltage source are connected in parallel to the storage capacitor. The invention also relates to a method for providing a supply voltage using a voltage supply circuit in this manner.

The present invention generally relates to the problem of providing an auxiliary voltage supply that can be suitably used for starting up logic circuits, in particular microcontrollers, with minimal current consumption during standby operation. In the prior art, solutions are made in connection with drive circuits and application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to achieve this object. In this case, however, composite circuits with operational amplifiers and current mirrors are generally used, and the composite circuits cannot be designed discontinuously with a small number of components. However, discontinuous structures are desirable in order to avoid custom semiconductors that are custom made for a particular use and associated source of purchase constraints.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the circuit arrangement such that the circuit arrangement mentioned in the introduction can be implemented as a discrete external circuit arrangement. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a corresponding method for providing a supply voltage.

The first stated object is achieved by a voltage supply circuit having the features of claim 1, and the second mentioned object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 13.

The present invention is based on the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using a circuit device having a self-locking function. In this way, logic circuits capable of managing only voltages up to their own supply voltage depending on the process, in particular voltage supply circuits which can be used as discrete external solutions for controllers, can be implemented.

One preferred embodiment provides that a circuit device with a self-locking function provides an output voltage of 0 V at the output terminal if the voltage at the storage capacitor is first less than the preset voltage at the start-up phase, and secondly the voltage at the storage capacitor is It is characterized by being designed to provide an output voltage at the output terminal with a preset amplitude if it is above a preset voltage, in which case the output voltage is less than the voltage which can be preset at the storage capacitor. Circuit devices with a self-locking function are also designed to disable self-locking at start-up if the voltage at the storage capacitor is below a preset voltage and to activate self-locking if the voltage at the storage capacitor is above a preset voltage. In the interaction with the embodiment, there is an advantage that the voltage supply circuit according to the present invention does not actually generate self-current consumption when self-locking is released.

Circuit devices with a self-locking function have a control or regulation device for controlling or regulating the output voltage.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that an output current is provided at the output terminal, in which case the circuit arrangement with the self-locking function is above the predetermined holding current threshold of the output current after switching off the continuous operating voltage source in the stop phase. Self locking is designed in such a way that it remains active. In general or as an improvement of the above-described embodiment, the output current is preferably provided at the output terminal, in which case the circuit device with the self-locking function has a predetermined holding current threshold of the output current after switching off the continuous operating voltage source in the stop phase. It is designed in such a way that self-locking is disabled below the value. In addition, when the current consumption of the circuit supplied with the voltage from the voltage supply circuit falls below the holding current threshold value, for example, when the voltage is browned out, self-locking is released and a new start is possible. The voltage drop state refers to the automatic control switch-off state of the microcontroller when the input voltage decreases below the threshold.

The circuit device having a self-locking function preferably includes an input terminal connected to the storage capacitor and an output terminal connected to the output terminal of the voltage supply circuit. The load, which is preferably connected after implementation by the microcontroller, is connected to the output terminal of the voltage supply circuit.

In a particularly preferred implementation of the voltage supply circuit according to the invention the circuit arrangement with a self-locking function is also provided with first and second transistors, first, second, third and fourth ohmic resistors and first and second zeners. Wherein the reference electrode of the first transistor is connected to the input terminal, the control electrode of the first transistor is connected to the first zener diode, and the first ohmic resistor is connected between the reference electrode and the control electrode of the first transistor. In this case, the series circuit composed of the fourth and second ohmic resistors is connected between the operating electrode and the output terminal of the first transistor, in which case the connection point between the fourth ohmic resistor and the second ohmic resistor is on the one hand. A second zener diode, on the other hand, to the control electrode of the second transistor, in which case the control electrode of the first transistor is connected to the second transistor via a third ohmic resistor. And is connected to the working electrode and the reference electrode in this case, the second transistor is connected to the output terminal.

In this case, the presettable voltage at the storage capacitor can preferably be preset by the first zener diode.

The holding current threshold of the output current is also preferably preset by the first and second ohmic resistors. The control or regulation device for the control or regulation of the output voltage can be implemented in a simple manner by the second transistor and the second zener diode. Finally, the maximum output current can be preset by the open-loop gain of the fourth ohmic resistor and the second transistor. Therefore, the intrinsic current consumption when self-locking is activated can be designed so low that standby operation only from the starting voltage source is possible when the output voltage is full at the output terminal of the voltage supply circuit. Self-locking is activated by exceeding a voltage that can be preset by the first zener diode.

Further preferred embodiments appear in the dependent claims. The preferred embodiments described in connection with the voltage supply circuit according to the invention and the advantages of the embodiments apply correspondingly to the method according to the invention as far as they can be applied.

An embodiment of the voltage supply circuit according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a voltage supply circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows the circuit arrangement of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 when self-locking is activated in a temporal waveform diagram of various sizes; FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the circuit arrangement of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 when the self-locking is inactivated, in a temporal waveform diagram of various sizes.

1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a circuit device according to the present invention. The circuit arrangement comprises an input circuit 10 which is used to charge a capacitor C10 for actually supplying power to a circuit arrangement having a self-locking function 20. In this case the input circuit 10 comprises a starting voltage source E10 for supplying power to a circuit device having a self-locking function 20 through a condenser C10 during the starting phase, the starting phase being a continuous operating voltage source ( The oscillating voltage source E10 used as E20 is not yet operational. The resistor R10 disposed between the starting voltage source E10 and the capacitor C10 is preferably formed of high resistance. In a typical embodiment, the starting voltage source E10 is designed to supply a current of 300 mA or less, while the continuous operating voltage source E20 is designed to provide a current of 5 mA magnitude. The continuous operating voltage source E20 is in particular a vibrating voltage source of a circuit connected to the output terminals A1 and A2, in particular a logic circuit which receives a voltage from the voltage supply circuit according to the invention. As a vibrating voltage source, for example, the half bridge center point of a power inverter having two switches in a half bridge device is considered. In this case the output current of the oscillating voltage source E20 is recharged in the capacitor C20, rectified by the diodes D21 and D22 and then supplied to the capacitor C10.

The circuit device with the self-locking function 20 has an input terminal E connected to the storage capacitor C10, in which case the output of the circuit device is connected to the output terminals A1 and A2 of the voltage supply circuit according to the invention. Connected. The circuit arrangement with the self-locking function 20 also includes a first transistor T1 and a second transistor T2, a first ohmic resistor R1, a second ohmic resistor R2, a third ohmic resistor R3 and And a fourth ohmic resistor R4 and a first zener diode D1 and a second zener diode D2. In this case, the reference electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the input terminal E, the control electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the first zener diode D1, and the first ohmic resistor R1. Is connected between the control electrode and the reference electrode of the first transistor T1. The series circuit consisting of the fourth ohmic resistor R4 and the second ohmic resistor R2 is connected between the operating electrode of the first transistor T1 and the output terminals A1 and A2, in which case the fourth ohmic resistor ( The connection point between R4 and the second ohmic resistor R2 is connected to the second zener diode D2 on the one hand and to the control electrode of the second transistor T2 on the other hand. In addition, the control electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the operation electrode of the second transistor T2 through the third ohmic electrode R3. In this case, the reference electrode of the second transistor T2 is an output terminal ( A1 and A2).

Hereinafter, the operation of the circuit will be described, in which case, the self-locking is activated in FIG. 2 and the self-locking is inactivated in FIG. 3.

With respect to the temporal waveforms shown in FIG. 2, U ₁ corresponds to the voltage dropping in the capacitor C10, U ₂ corresponds to the voltage dropping in the continuous operating voltage source E20, and U _3. ) Corresponds to the voltage U ₃ generated at the output terminals A1 and A2 and (I ₃ ) corresponds to the current flowing out of the output terminal A1. The continuous operating voltage source E20, which is realized as a vibrating voltage source of the circuit connected to the terminals A1 and A2, does not yet operate at the start time. Therefore, the capacitor C10 is charged by the resistor R10 having a high resistance from the starting voltage source E10; The voltage U ₁ rises linearly (see FIG. 2A). In this situation, the transistor T1 is cut off. As a result, the transistor T2 is cut off. Therefore, no current flows from the capacitor C10 to the output terminals A1 and A2. During this step voltage U ₃ remains at OV as well as voltage U ₂ and current I ₃ . The circuit arrangement at this stage-except for parasitic effects-does not accept current because the zener diode D1 is not conducting.

It is important to emphasize that (U ₃ ) must not rise at the same time as the voltage (U ₁ ), since in this case the current is already drawn from the capacitor (C10) and does not allow rise to (U _D1 ) there. In this case, such a high voltage value is required to connect a driver or the like in a circuit connected to the terminals A1 and A2. Typical values of (U _D1 ) are 10 V, in particular 18 V or more. Therefore, the capacitor C10 is actually charged to a higher voltage than required by the circuit connected to the terminals A1 and A2.

Only when voltage U ₁ rises to a value that corresponds to the sum of the voltage at the zener diode and the base-emitter-voltage U _{BE in} transistor T1. As soon as transistor T1 conducts, transistor T2 begins to conduct as well. In this case, the transistor T2 and the zener diode D2 form a voltage regulator because the voltage U ₃ is the voltage U _D2 at the zener diode _D2 and the base-emitter of the transistor T2. This corresponds to the difference in voltage U _BE . In this case the voltage U ₃ rises to its nominal value U ₃₀ , which may be 5 V for example (see FIG. 2B).

A current I ₃₀ exceeding a number of times by the starting resistor R10 flows after the nominal voltage U ₃₀ is applied to the output terminals A1 and A2 (see FIG. 2C). The nominal value I ₃₀ of the current I ₃ can be adjusted by the open circuit gain of the resistor R4 and the transistor T2. Therefore, the capacitor C10 is discharged. On the other hand, the circuit connected to the output terminals A1 and A2 activates the oscillating voltage source E20 (see FIG. 2D). The current of the voltage source E20 is recharged in the capacitor C20, rectified by the diodes D21 and D22 and supplied to the capacitor C10. The current performs a power supply to the circuit connected to the output terminals A1 and A2 during continuous operation.

The last described step can be seen when the voltage U ₁ drops to a value of about 10 V in FIG. 2A, and at the end of the voltage drop (see FIG. 2D), the voltage source vibrates with a time delay of Δt ( E20 begins to vibrate based on the maximum value of voltage U ₁ . After that, the voltage U ₁ rises again. The circuit arrangement connected to the output terminals A1 and A2 during the receiving step Δt is supplied with power from the capacitor C10. In order to ensure good acceptance, i.e. to ensure uninterrupted replacement from the power supply from voltage source E10 to the power supply from voltage source E10, the circuit arrangement must be able to realize a sufficiently large voltage round trip.

Deactivation of self-locking is now described with reference to FIG. 3: If the vibrating voltage source E20 must be switched off, for example due to an error (see FIG. 3D), the voltage U ₁ is (U _D1 + U _BE). (T1)) It goes down to the following values (refer FIG. 3A). The zener diode D1 is thereby cut off, and the transistor T1 remains still conductive, as a result of which the transistor T2 also remains conductive. In this situation, current passes from the capacitor C10 through the base of the transistor T1, through the emitter of the transistor T1, through the resistor R3, and then to the emitter of the collector and transistor T2. Passes through and flows to output terminals A1 and A2. As a result, the transistor T1 remains conductive. Transistor T2 remains conductive as current flows from the base to the collector of transistor T1, to resistor R4 and then through the base to the emitter of transistor T2. The voltage U ₃ is kept at its nominal value U ₃₀ (see FIG. 3B). This state continues until the voltage falls below the base-emitter-threshold voltage of transistor T1 until it is regulated by the size design of resistors R1 and R2 at resistor R1. As a result, transistor T1 begins to shut off, thereby causing transistor T2 to shut off, thereby releasing self-locking.

In this case two cases should be distinguished (see FIG. 3C for this): If the current I ₃ drops to 200 mA, for example, the voltage U ₁ rises slowly by recharging through the voltage source E10. do. As a result, the voltage U ₃ also continues to maintain its nominal value U ₃₀ . On the other hand, if the current I ₃ still falls continuously, for example in the case of a reset, the self-locking is released because the current to maintain the conduction state of the transistor T1 is too small ( 3C and 3B). Voltage U ₃ drops back to 0 V (see FIG. 3B). This allows for a new start again as described in connection with FIG.

Claims (13)

As a voltage supply circuit, Starting voltage source (E10), A continuous operating voltage source E20 implemented by a voltage source oscillating in accordance with the startup phase, and Storage capacitor (C10) Including, The starting voltage source E10 and the continuous operating voltage source E20 are connected to the storage capacitor C10 in parallel, The voltage supply circuit also has a circuit device having a self-locking function 20 to receive electrical energy from the storage capacitor C10, the circuit device having output terminals A1 and A2, and supplied from the output terminal. Voltage U ₃ is provided, Voltage supply circuit. The method of claim 1, In the startup phase, the circuit device having the self-locking function 20, If the voltage at the storage capacitor (C10) is less than a preset voltage, provide an output voltage (U ₃ ) of 0 V to the output terminals (A1 and A2); If the voltage at the storage capacitor C10 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage, it is designed to provide an output voltage U ₃ with a preset amplitude to the output terminals A1 and A2, In this case, the output voltage U ₃ is smaller than the preset voltage at the storage capacitor C10, Voltage supply circuit. The method according to claim 1 or 2, In the startup phase, the circuit device having the self-locking function 20, Disable self-locking if the voltage at the storage capacitor C10 is less than a preset voltage; If the voltage in the storage capacitor (C10) is more than the preset voltage is designed in a manner to activate the self-locking, Voltage supply circuit. The method according to claim 1 or 2, In order to control or regulate the output voltage U ₃ , the circuit device with the self-locking function 20 comprises a control or regulation device, Voltage supply circuit. The method according to claim 1 or 2, At the output terminals A1 and A2 an output current I ₃ is provided, In this case a circuit having a self-locking function 20 such that self-locking remains active above a preset maintainable current threshold of the output current I ₃ after switching off the continuous operating voltage source E20 in the stop phase. The device is designed, Voltage supply circuit. The method according to claim 1 or 2, At the output terminals A1 and A2 an output current I ₃ is provided, In this case a circuit arrangement with a self-locking function 20 is provided such that after the switch-off of the continuous operating voltage source E20 in the stop phase the self-locking is deactivated below the preset maintainable current threshold of the output current I ₃ . Engineered, Voltage supply circuit. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The circuit arrangement with the self-locking function 20 is: An input terminal E connected to the storage capacitor C10, and An output terminal connected to the output terminals A1 and A2 of the voltage supply circuit, Voltage supply circuit. The method of claim 7, wherein The circuit device with the self-locking function 20 also The first transistor T1 and the second transistor T2, A first ohmic resistor R1, a second ohmic resistor R2, a third ohmic resistor R3 and a fourth ohmic resistor R4, and First Zener Diode D1 and Second Zener Diode D2 Including, The reference electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the input terminal E, the control electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the first zener diode D1, and the first ohmic resistor R1) is connected between the reference electrode and the control electrode of the first transistor T1, The series circuit consisting of the fourth ohmic resistor R4 and the second ohmic resistor R2 is connected between the operating electrode of the first transistor T1 and the output terminals A1 and A2. The connection point between the fourth ohmic resistor R4 and the second ohmic resistor R2 is connected to the second zener diode D2 on the one hand and the control electrode of the second transistor T2 on the other hand. Connected to The control electrode of the first transistor T1 is connected to the operating electrode of the second transistor T2 through the third ohmic resistor R3. The reference electrode of the second transistor T2 is connected to the output terminals A1 and A2, Voltage supply circuit. 9. The method of claim 8, The preset voltage at the storage capacitor C10 may be preset by the first zener diode D1, Voltage supply circuit. 9. The method of claim 8, The holding current threshold of the output current I ₃ can be preset by the first ohmic resistor R1 and the second ohmic resistor R2, Voltage supply circuit. 9. The method of claim 8, A control or regulating device for controlling or regulating an output voltage is implemented by the second transistor T2 and the second zener diode D2, Voltage supply circuit. 9. The method of claim 8, The maximum output current can be preset by the open circuit gain of the fourth ohmic resistor R4 and the second transistor T2, Voltage supply circuit. A method for providing a supply voltage by a voltage supply circuit, A voltage supply circuit comprising a starting voltage source E10, a continuous operating voltage source E20 implemented by a voltage source oscillating after the starting phase and a storage capacitor C10, wherein the starting voltage source E10 and the continuous operating voltage source E20 A method for providing a supply voltage by connecting to said storage capacitor C10 in parallel, said method comprising: a) supplying electrical energy from said storage capacitor C10 to a circuit device having a self-locking function 20, and b) providing a supply voltage U ₃ to the output terminals A1 and A2 of the circuit arrangement having the self-locking function 20. Including, A method for providing a supply voltage by a voltage supply circuit.

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