KR101295805B1

KR101295805B1 - Woodchip gasification

Info

Publication number: KR101295805B1
Application number: KR1020100136007A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 김기세; 강병찬; 이재구; 윤상준; 김용구
Original assignee: 삼양이엔피주식회사; 삼양에코너지 주식회사
Priority date: 2010-12-27
Filing date: 2010-12-27
Publication date: 2013-08-12
Also published as: KR20120074057A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wood chip gasifier, while effectively discharging ash generated in the gasifier during the gasification process of manufacturing a synthesis gas using biomass such as wood chips, waste wood, or while suppressing the occurrence of high temperature in the discharge device. The present invention relates to a wood chip gasifier comprising a cooling structure for preventing gasifier damage due to overheating.
Wood chip gasifier of the present invention for this purpose, the inlet for injecting the wood chip on the top; A fuel combustion unit which is introduced from the inlet and forms an accommodation space in which wood chips can be loaded; A rotating stirring type great part formed under the fuel combustion part and burning safely; A stirring drive unit provided at a lower side of the great part to rotate the great part by one-way rotational drive of the rotating shaft disposed vertically; A restoring unit accommodating the ash by burning the ash generated by the great portion through an opening formed at a lower portion thereof; And a transfer part installed in a transfer pipe communicating with the discharge port under the restoring part.

Description

Woodchip gasification

The present invention relates to a wood chip gasifier, and more particularly, to overheating in the continuous discharge and discharge of ash generated in the gasifier in the gasification process of producing a synthesis gas using biomass such as wood chips, waste wood, etc. Wood chip gasifier comprising a cooling structure to prevent damage to the gasifier due to.

In gasifiers that burn biomass such as wood chips to produce syngas, wood-based biomass such as wood chips do not have a high ash content, but some of the fuel supplied, including unreacted carbon content, is ash ash outlets. Will be discharged through.

When burned ash discharged from the gasifier is poor, the combustion layer is continuously raised, and the height of the gasification and reducing layer is increased to decompose components such as tar, thereby producing a clean synthetic gas, but the heat generation amount is too low. On the contrary, if ash ash is discharged too easily, the unreacted carbon content is excessively increased, which lowers the efficiency of the gasifier.

The unburned carbon powder is usually ash ash discharged in a state of containing some embers, in which high temperature is formed in the lower recovery chamber due to the temperature of the residual salt, and thus, the recovered high ash ash component is removed as soon as possible. There is a need for a cooling method that cools the discharged chamber or the overheated chamber.

Therefore, the gasifier cooling system for continuous discharge of ash or the prevention of overheating is one of the very important technologies for smooth gasifier operation and optimally maintaining the composition of the syngas.

An object of the present invention for solving the problems according to the prior art, to effectively discharge the ash generated in the gasifier during the gasification process for producing a synthesis gas using biomass, such as wood chips, waste wood or high temperature in the discharge device The present invention provides a wood chip gasifier comprising a cooling structure to prevent the gasifier from being damaged due to overheating.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a wood chip gasifier to maintain a constant layer height inside the gasifier by continuously discharging the unreacted carbon and ash components in the synthesis gas using biomass.

Wood chip gasifier of the present invention for solving the above technical problem, the inlet for inserting the wood chip on the top; A fuel combustion unit which is introduced from the inlet and forms an accommodation space in which wood chips can be loaded; A rotating stirring type great part formed under the fuel combustion part and burning safely; A stirring drive unit provided at a lower side of the great part to rotate the great part by one-way rotational drive of the rotating shaft disposed vertically; A restoring unit accommodating the ash by burning the ash generated by the great portion through an opening formed at a lower portion thereof; And a conveying unit installed in a conveying tube communicating with an outlet at a lower portion of the restoring unit.

Preferably, the great portion, characterized in that the conical shape to maintain the gas flow uniformly on the gasifier cross-sectional area.

Preferably, the great portion, characterized in that the spill prevention jaw formed on the circumference of the great portion to prevent the wood chip overflow.

Preferably, the fuel combustion unit is formed of a connecting tube extending from both side walls of the great portion to form a view connecting portion for viewing the inside, and an ignition portion for supplying ignition for wood chip combustion at the lower end of the other side. It is characterized by including.

Preferably, the great portion, and the hot plate to rotate in multiple stages at the bottom position of the fuel combustion section; Redistribution outlet formed around the bottom of the hot plate to discharge ash generated by the combustion of wood chips; And further comprising:

Preferably, the great part is characterized in that the ash is freely dropped along the inclination direction through the inclination of the hot plate having a predetermined inclination caused by the combustion of the wood chip.

Preferably, the stirring drive unit, the rotating shaft is supported in a vertical line rotatably the great portion coupled to the hot plate; A rotating motor providing a driving force to rotate the rotating shaft; .

Preferably, the restoring unit comprises: an air inlet for supplying air to cool the outer surface of the restoring unit for temporarily storing the ashes generated by burning by the great unit through the redistribution outlet; A cold air moving space unit having a predetermined space therein for circulating to the outside of the restoring unit; An air outlet formed to discharge the changed cold air by heating the cold air introduced into the moving space into contact with the surface of the restoring unit; And further comprising:

Preferably, the transfer unit, the transfer pipe which is in communication with the lower side of the re-storing portion to sequentially discharge the ash; A transfer screw connected to the drive motor so as to be continuously communicated with the transfer tube; An outlet for discharging ashes conveyed by the conveying screw to the outside; Characterized in that consisting of.

As described above, the present invention can effectively discharge ash generated in the gasifier during the gasification process of producing a synthesis gas using biomass such as wood chips and waste wood, while suppressing the occurrence of high temperature in the discharge device. It is effective in preventing gasifier damage due to overheating.

In addition, the present invention is a very useful invention because it has the effect of maintaining a constant layer height inside the gasifier by continuously discharging the unreacted carbon and ash components in the synthesis gas using biomass.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a wood chip gasifier according to the present invention.
2 is a plan view of a woodchip gasifier according to the present invention.
3 is a view showing the re-storage cooling of the wood chip gasifier according to the present invention.

According to an aspect of the present invention,

An inlet for injecting wood chips into the upper portion;

A fuel combustion unit which is introduced from the inlet and forms an accommodation space in which wood chips can be loaded;

A rotating stirring type great part formed under the fuel combustion part and burning safely;

A stirring drive unit provided at a lower side of the great part to rotate the great part by one-way rotational drive of the rotating shaft disposed vertically;

A restoring unit accommodating the ash by burning the ash generated by the great portion through an opening formed at a lower portion thereof; And

It was achieved by providing a wood chip gasifier characterized in that consisting of; a transfer unit installed in the transfer pipe in communication with the discharge port in the lower portion of the re-storage.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be interpreted in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the present specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the technical ideas of the present invention are described. Therefore, It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications are possible.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a wood chip gasifier according to the present invention.

As shown, the wood chip gasifier according to the present invention effectively discharges ash generated in the gasifier 100 during the gasification process of manufacturing syngas using biomass such as wood chips, waste wood, or the like. While suppressing the occurrence of the cooling structure for preventing the gasifier 100 damage due to overheating.

In addition, the present invention is to continuously discharge the unreacted carbon and ash components in the production of the synthesis gas using biomass to maintain a constant layer height inside the gasifier (100).

The gasifier 100 includes the inlet 110, the fuel combustion unit 120, the great unit 130, the stirring driver 140, the restorage unit 150, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is composed of a transfer unit 160.

The gasifier 100 uses a biomass such as wood chips, waste wood to produce a synthesis gas.

The wood chip introduced into the upper inlet 110 of the gasifier 100 is loaded in the fuel combustion unit 120.

The fuel combustion unit 120 forms an accommodating space in which the wood chips introduced from the inlet 110 may be loaded.

The fuel combustion unit 120 is formed as a connection tube extending from both sides of the great portion 130 to the inside to form a visual field connecting portion 122 to view the inside, and the other lower end is ignited for wood chip combustion. It constitutes an ignition unit 124 for supplying.

The great portion 130 is formed under the fuel combustion unit 120 to rotate the hot plate 134 formed in multiple stages to safely burn the wood chips.

The great portion 130 is a rotating stirring type around the axis.

In addition, the great portion 130 has a conical shape that maintains the gas flow uniformly on the gasifier cross-sectional area.

The great portion 130 is configured to improve the durability and extend the life.

The great portion 130 constitutes an outflow prevention jaw 131 that prevents the wood chip from leaking out onto the circumference of the great portion to prevent the wood chip from overflowing.

The great portion 130 has a circular plate shape on the bottom surface of the fuel combustion unit 120 and a hot plate 134 having different sizes is formed in multiple stages to form a great cone portion.

Here, the great portion 130 is the char formed by the partial combustion of the wood chip reacts with the gas to produce a synthesis gas, the bulk characteristics of the solid material to form an acid in the fuel combustion unit 120, the central portion is The angle of repose becomes high.

Therefore, the moving gas component is shown to be more easily moved to the periphery than the center of the gasifier 100, by designing the great portion 130 in a conical shape to control the uniform movement of the solid biomass, the synthesis gas outlet and the great portion Maintain proper spacing of 130.

Here, the wood chip is introduced through the input unit 110 of the upper portion to move to the lower portion of the fuel combustion unit 120. During the movement to the bottom, the combustion layer is formed by the ignition unit 124 and generated after combustion. Charcoal, gas and heat are moved downward to form a gasification layer.

On the other hand, the great portion 130 composed of the hot plate 134 is rotated in the lower portion of the fuel combustion unit 120 around the rotating shaft 142.

The stirring drive unit 140 for rotating the great unit 130 has a rotary shaft 142 installed on the lower side, and rotates the great unit 130 by one-way rotational drive of the rotary shaft 142 disposed vertically.

The stirring drive unit 140 is a rotary motor 144 that provides a driving force to rotate the rotating shaft 142 while the rotating shaft 142 is supported in a vertical line to rotate the great portion 130 coupled to the hot plate 134. ).

The stirring driver 140 rotates the great part 130 to induce the wood chip to be constantly burned.

In this way, the great portion 130 by the stirring drive unit 140 rotates in one direction to burn the wood chip.

At this time, the rear outlet 138 is formed around the lower end of the hot plate 134 so as to discharge the ash generated by the combustion of the wood chip.

Here, the great part 130 is discharged to the outside through the redistribution outlet 138 in the free fall along the inclination direction through the inclination of the hot plate 134 in which the ash generated by the combustion of the wood chip has a predetermined slope. .

Ash ash burned by the great portion 130 is dropped to the lower end through the cultivation outlet 138, the ash ash is moved to the re-storage portion 150 for receiving ash ash through the opening formed in the lower portion.

As such, in the synthesizing gas using the wood chip biomass, the great part 130 continuously discharges unreacted carbon and ash components so as to maintain a constant layer height inside the gasifier 100. .

At this time, while the great portion 130 is rotated, a plurality of discharge wings 139 attached to the bottom surface is rotated to smoothly move to the discharge port 159 side of the re-storage unit while rotating the ash of the re-storage unit 150 in one direction. To be discharged.

The re-storage unit 150 temporarily stores ashes generated by burning by the great unit 130 and discharged through the redistribution outlet 138.

The ash flowing into the regeneration unit 150 has heat, and the restoring unit 150 as shown in FIG. 3 to prevent overheating of the restoring unit 150 storing a large number of ashes. Through the air inlet 152 consisting of one side of the storage unit 150 Supply cold cold air to cool the outer surface.

The cold air is supplied to the cold air inlet 152 through a separate cold air line introduced from the outside, the cold air is supplied to the moving space 154 side.

The moving space 154 has a predetermined space therein for circulating cold air to the outside of the re-storage unit 150.

As such, the cold air is introduced into the moving space 154 through the air inlet 152, and the cold air filled in the moving space 154 cools the surface of the restoring unit 150 to restore the restoring unit ( It is possible to maintain a constant temperature while preventing overheating of 150).

At this time, the cold air introduced into the moving space 154 is heated in contact with the surface of the re-storage unit 150 to be changed into warm air, and the warm air is the air outlet 153 and ash formed on the other side of the air inlet 152. Discharge through the outlet 159 of the re-storage to discharge the.

At this time, the supply of cold air to the moving space 154 side is equipped with a fan of the air-cooled heat exchanger to cool the reheating unit 150 superheated from the ash in the remaining flame state, and is in contact with the reserving unit 150 The hot air air having changed cold air may be used as air for biomass drying or gasifier 100.

In addition, the cold air is introduced through the air inlet 152 to be in contact with the surface of the re-storage unit 150, and discharged to the air outlet 153 to continue the circulation.

As such, the re-storage unit 150 is supplied to the cold air supply to prevent damage to the gasifier 100 during the continuous discharge and discharge of ash generated during the gasification process such as wood chips and waste wood through the great unit 130. To cool.

As described above, the temperature gradient when the ash is not discharged to the great part 130 is formed as follows.

That is, as shown in Table 1, as the ash layer becomes thick, the combustion site increases, and eventually, the temperature of the pyrolysis layer increases. As the height of the gasification layer increases, it can be seen that the content of methane, which is a global indicator of tar in the synthesis gas, is very low at 0.5% or less. If the ash layer height is maintained at a very high level, the components of tar or methane are decomposed and the concentration of hydrogen (10-12%) or carbon monoxide (14-16.5%) decreases.

time Gasifier T _syngas
_(cracker) Syngas composition T _py T _comb T _red CO ₂ CH ₄ H ₂ CO 16:41 699.2 657.6 653.3 508.8 14.1 0.1 11.6 16.5 16:52 702.3 624.7 653.1 536.5 14.7 0.3 10.9 16.0 17:01 704.3 663.5 668.7 538.7 15.0 0.1 11.3 15.5 17:10 694.4 663.5 670.5 542.4 14.8 0.1 10.8 15.4 17:19 699.8 659.5 671.3 556.6 14.8 0.1 10.6 15.1 17:27 684.5 657.5 682.0 556.0 15.4 0.4 11.0 14.9 17:35 696.7 638.2 658.4 556.1 14.9 0.3 10.4 15.3 17:45 698.8 647.8 666.9 563.1 14.9 0.2 10.1 15.0 17:53 737.3 667.1 681.3 580.2 15.2 0.0 10.1 14.3 18:03 719.5 668.1 690.4 588.9 15.1 0.0 9.8 14.5 18:11 713.5 682.3 696.4 596.5 15.4 0.0 9.5 13.9

Great part 130 smooth ash discharge as in the present invention, as shown in Table 2 preferentially the pyrolysis layer temperature is reduced and the combustion bed temperature is the highest results.

From this temperature distribution, the concentration of methane (1.9-1.7%) in the synthesis gas increased, and the contents of hydrogen (12-13.2%) and carbon monoxide (17-18.4%) also increased.

time Gasifier T _syngas
_(cracker) Syngas composition T _py T _comb T _red CO ₂ CH ₄ H ₂ CO 15:48 626.0 659.5 629.3 464.3 15.3 7.5 12.4 18.4 15.55 623.5 683.1 648.9 475.2 14.4 1.1 13.0 17.3 16:05 622.8 665.0 660.1 483.9 15.0 1.7 13.2 16.7 16:13 642.2 660.0 655.1 489.3 14.6 1.0 11.8 16.7

On the other hand, the re-storage unit 150 is provided with an outlet 156 at the bottom while storing the ashes to temporarily store the ashes and discharged again to the outside.

A transfer unit 160 for transferring the ash to the outside is provided on one side of the lower portion of the great portion 130, the transfer pipe connecting the discharge port 159 and the transfer unit 160 of the re-storage unit discharged from the re-storage unit 150 162 is communicated.

This, the transfer unit 160 is the ash material is sequentially discharged through the transfer pipe 162 communicated to the lower side of the re-storage unit 150.

In addition, the ash dropped in communication with the transfer pipe 162 is continuously transferred through the transfer screw 164.

The transfer screw 164 is connected to the drive motor to rotate and discharge the ash in one direction by the rotation.

The ash is transferred to the transfer screw 164 in one direction and discharged to the outside through the discharge port 166.

In addition, by effectively discharging ash generated in the gasifier 100 during the gasification process of syngas production using biomass such as wood chips, waste wood, etc., the unreacted carbon and ash components continuously in the gasifier 100 By discharging, the floor height inside the gasifier 100 may be maintained constant, and a cooling structure may be configured to prevent the gasifier damage due to overheating while suppressing the generation of high temperature in the discharge device.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. Various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the appended claims.

100: gasifier 110: inlet
120: fuel combustion unit 122: field of view connection
124: ignition part 130: great part
131: spill prevention jaw 134: hot plate
138: the discharge outlet 139: discharge wings
140: stirring drive 142: rotary shaft
144: rotary motor 150: restorage unit
152: air inlet 153: air outlet
154: moving space part 159: outlet of the re-storage part
160: transfer unit 162: transfer pipe
164: Feeding screw 166: Outlet

Claims

As a gasifier:
A body;
An inlet port disposed above the body to inject wood chips;
A fuel combustion unit which is introduced from the inlet and forms an accommodation space in which wood chips can be loaded;
Arranged in the lower portion of the fuel plate is formed around the bottom of the hot plate which is arranged in the bottom of the fuel burner is formed in multiple stages in parallel with each other rotatable, and the ash generated by the combustion of the wood chip discharged around the bottom of the hot plate Including, but the plurality of hot plate has a diameter from the lower end to the upper end has a great portion having a conical structure as a whole;
A stirring drive unit provided at a lower side of the great part to rotate the great part by one-way rotational drive of the rotating shaft disposed vertically;
A restoring unit for receiving the ash generated by combustion by the great unit through an opening formed in the lower portion thereof, and having a discharge port;
And a conveying unit installed in a conveying tube communicating with an outlet of the storing unit at a lower portion of the storing unit.
The restoring unit includes: an air inlet for supplying cold air to cool the outer surface of the restoring unit which temporarily stores ashes burned by the great unit and discharged through the redistribution outlet; A cold air moving space unit having a predetermined space therein for circulating to the outside of the restoring unit; And an air outlet formed to discharge the changed cold air by being heated by contact with the surface of the cold air storage unit introduced into the moving space.
Is attached to the bottom of the great portion further comprises a plurality of discharge blades for discharging to the discharge port of the re-storage portion while rotating the ash in one direction at the time of rotation,
Woodchip Gasifier.

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The method of claim 1,
The great part,
Wood chip gasifier characterized in that the spill prevention jaw formed on the circumference of the great portion to prevent the wood chip from overflowing.

The method of claim 1,
The fuel combustion unit,
Wood chip, characterized in that formed in the connection pipe extending from both sides of the great portion to form a view connecting portion for viewing the inside, the lower side further comprises an ignition for supplying ignition for wood chip combustion Gasifier.

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The method of claim 1,
The stirring drive unit,
A rotating shaft rotatably supported on a vertical line to which the hot plate is coupled;
A rotating motor providing a driving force to rotate the rotating shaft; Wood chip gasifier, characterized in that consisting of.

delete

The method of claim 1,
The transfer unit
A transfer pipe communicating with one side of the lower storage part and sequentially discharging ashes;
A transfer screw connected to the drive motor so as to be continuously communicated with the transfer tube;
An outlet for discharging ashes conveyed by the conveying screw to the outside; Wood chip gasifier, characterized in that consisting of.