KR101284034B1 - A microvibration measuring method using camera image - Google Patents

A microvibration measuring method using camera image Download PDF

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KR101284034B1
KR101284034B1 KR1020130029742A KR20130029742A KR101284034B1 KR 101284034 B1 KR101284034 B1 KR 101284034B1 KR 1020130029742 A KR1020130029742 A KR 1020130029742A KR 20130029742 A KR20130029742 A KR 20130029742A KR 101284034 B1 KR101284034 B1 KR 101284034B1
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camera
interest
representative value
region
images
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KR1020130029742A
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Korean (ko)
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손기성
전형섭
박진호
윤두병
채경선
박병목
신경욱
박재석
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세안기술 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/002—Specific input/output arrangements not covered by G06F3/01 - G06F3/16
    • G06F3/005—Input arrangements through a video camera
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/20—Analysis of motion

Abstract

PURPOSE: A micro-vibration measuring method using images photographed by a camera is provided to select and extract portions required for continued images as points of interest (POI) after acquiring the continued images by photographing a target object with the camera, thereby measuring the displacement of micro-vibration with respect to the POIs accurately and rapidly. CONSTITUTION: A micro-vibration measuring method using images photographed by a camera is as follows. The n sheets of the continued images are obtained by continuously photographing a target object (S100). POIs are selected and extracted from the obtained n sheets of the continued images (S200). Reference values of the extracted POIs are calculated (S300). The calculated reference values are changed into real values (S400). [Reference numerals] (S100) Step of acquiring camera images; (S200) Step of selecting POI; (S300) Step of calculating a reference value; (S400) Step of converting the reference value into an actual value

Description

카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법{A microvibration measuring method using camera image}A microvibration measuring method using camera image}

본 발명은 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는 측정대상체에 대한 동영상을 촬영하여 획득된 영상을 분석하여 측정대상체의 미세진동까지도 신속하고 정확하게 측정할 수 있도록 한 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image, and more particularly, to analyze the image obtained by recording a video of the object to measure the camera image to quickly and accurately measure the micro-vibration of the measurement object It relates to a method for measuring micro vibrations used.

일반적으로, 건물, 교량, 터널, 배관 등과 같이 진동이 발생되는 구조물에 대한 진동을 측정하기 위해서는 가속도계, 레이저 측정기나 변위센서 등이 많이 사용되고 있는데, 가속도계, 레이저 측정기, 변위센서 등을 측정대상 구조물에 설치하고, 설치된 장치를 통해 구조물의 진동을 측정함으로써, 구조물의 이상 유무를 확인하고 있다.Generally, accelerometers, laser measuring instruments, and displacement sensors are widely used to measure vibrations of vibrating structures such as buildings, bridges, tunnels, and pipelines. Accelerometers, laser measuring instruments, displacement sensors, And the vibration of the structure is measured through the installed device to check whether or not the structure is abnormal.

그러나, 화력발전소나 원자력 발전소 등과 같이 고온 및 방사능 구역에서는 일반적인 건물의 구조물과는 달리, 고열로 인한 접근불가 및 피폭의 우려로 인해 가속도계, 레이저 측정기 및 변위센서 등의 장치를 구조물에 설치하는 것이 매우 곤란하다는 문제점이 있었다.However, in high temperature and radioactive areas such as thermal power plants and nuclear power plants, it is very difficult to install devices such as an accelerometer, a laser measuring instrument and a displacement sensor on a structure due to the inability to access due to high temperature and the fear of exposure, There was a problem that it was difficult.

본 발명은 상기와 같은 종래의 문제점을 고려하여 안출한 것으로서, 그 목적은 센서 등을 구조물에 직접 부착하지 않고서도 원거리에서 구조물의 미세진동을 정확하고 신속하게 측정하여 구조물의 이상 유무를 파악할 수 있음은 물론 센서 등으로는 측정이 불가능한 거대 크기를 갖는 구조물에 미세진동도 간단하게 측정할 수 있는 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, the object of which is to accurately and quickly measure the structure's micro-vibration at a long distance without a sensor or the like directly attached to the structure to determine the abnormality of the structure Of course, to provide a micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image that can easily measure the micro-vibration in a structure having a large size that can not be measured by a sensor or the like.

상기 본 발명의 목적은 측정대상체에 대한 연속촬영된 n개의 카메라 연속 영상을 취득하는 카메라 영상 취득단계와; 기 취득된 n개의 카메라 영상에서 관심영역을 선택하여 발취하는 관심영역발취단계와; 발취된 각각의 관심영역에 대한 대표값을 산출하는 대표값산출단계와; 상기 대표값산출단계에서 산출된 대표값을 실제값으로 환산하는 실제값환산단계로 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 의해 달성될 수 있는 것이다.The object of the present invention is a camera image acquisition step of acquiring a continuous photographed n camera continuous image of the measurement object; A region of interest extraction step of selecting and extracting a region of interest from previously acquired n camera images; Calculating a representative value for each extracted region of interest; It can be achieved by a micro-vibration measurement method using a camera image, characterized in that the actual value conversion step of converting the representative value calculated in the representative value calculation step to the actual value.

본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법은 미세진동측정 대상물을 카메라로 촬영한 연속영상을 취득한 후 연속영상에서 요구되는 부분을 관심영역으로 선택 발취하여 관심영역에 대한 미세진동의 변위값을 정확하고 신속하게 측정할 수 있으며, 교량, 빌딩, 탑, 굴뚝 등과 같이 부피가 매우 커 종래의 센싱방식으로는 측정이 불가능한 거대한 구조물에 대한 미세진동도 정확하고 신속하게 측정해 낼 수 있는 효과를 갖는다.In the method of measuring micro-vibration using a camera image according to the present invention, after acquiring a continuous image of a micro-vibration measurement object with a camera, the micro-vibration displacement value of the micro-vibration relative to the region of interest is obtained by selecting and extracting the required portion of the continuous image as the region of interest. It can measure accurately and quickly, and it has the effect of accurately and quickly measuring the micro-vibration of huge structures such as bridges, buildings, towers, chimneys, etc., which cannot be measured by conventional sensing methods. .

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법을 실시하기 위한 미세진동 측정시스템을 개략적으로 예시한 설치상태도이고,
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법을 예시한 블록도이고,
도 3은 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에서 관심영역에 포함된 픽셀상에 측정대상물의 이미지가 나타난 상태 및 각 픽셀값을 나타낸 관심영역에 대한 예제로서의 영상 설명도이며,
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에서 연속영상 이미지 상에서 이미지 기준좌표 및 관심영역을 나타낸 설명도이다.1 is an installation state diagram schematically illustrating a micro-vibration measuring system for performing a micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image according to the present invention,
2 is a block diagram illustrating a method for measuring fine vibration using a camera image according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an image explanatory diagram as an example of a state in which an image of a measurement object is displayed on a pixel included in a region of interest and a region of interest representing each pixel value in a method of measuring microscopic vibration using a camera image according to the present invention;
4 is an explanatory diagram showing image reference coordinates and a region of interest on a continuous image image in a method of measuring microscopic vibration using a camera image according to the present invention.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 대한 바람직한 실시 예를 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image according to the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법을 실시할 수 있는 진동측정시스템은 측정대상물(10)을 촬영하여 연속영상을 취득하기 위한 카메라(11)와, 상기 카메라(11)로 부터 촬영되는 연속영상을 수신하여 저장하는 동시에 구비된 모니터(13)에 연속영상을 디스플레이하고, 본 발명의 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 따라 연속영상을 분석하여 연속영상으로 부터 실제 측정대상물의 미세진동 변위를 산출하는 컴퓨터(12)로 구성된다.Referring to FIG. 1, a vibration measuring system capable of performing a micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image according to the present invention includes a camera 11 for capturing a measurement object 10 and obtaining a continuous image, and the camera ( 11) Receive and store the continuous image taken from the simultaneous display the continuous image on the monitor 13 provided, and analyzes the continuous image according to the micro-vibration measuring method using the camera image of the present invention from the continuous image And a computer 12 for calculating the micro-vibration displacement of the measurement object.

도 2를 참조하면, 상기와 같이 구성된 진동측정시스템을 사용하여 미세진동을 측정하는 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법은 카메라 영상 취득단계(S100)와, 관심영역발취단계(S200)와, 대표값산출단계(S300)와, 실제값환산단계(S400)로 구성된다.2, the micro-vibration measuring method using a camera image according to the present invention for measuring the micro-vibration using the vibration measuring system configured as described above is a camera image acquisition step (S100), the region of interest extraction step (S200) And a representative value calculation step S300 and an actual value conversion step S400.

상기 카메라 영상취득단계(S100)는 상기 카메라(11)에 의해 연속촬영된 측정대상체(10)에 대한 n개의 그레이 레벨(gray level)의 연속영상을 상기 컴퓨터(12)의 저장부에 저장하여 취득한다.The camera image acquisition step (S100) is obtained by storing a continuous image of n gray levels of the measurement object 10 continuously photographed by the camera 11 in a storage unit of the computer 12. do.

상기 관심영역발취단계(S200)는 상기 카메라 영상취득단계(S100)에서 취득된 연속영상은 상기 모니터(13)상에 디스플레이되어 n개의 연속영상에서 관심영역(A)(B)을 각각 선택하여 발취한다.In the region of interest extraction step S200, the continuous image acquired in the camera image acquisition step S100 is displayed on the monitor 13, and each region of interest A is selected from n consecutive images. do.

상기 대표값산출단계(S300)는 상기 관심영역발취단계(S200)에서 발취된 각각의 관심영역(A)(B) 각각에 대한 대표값 Y를 산출한다.The representative value calculating step S300 calculates a representative value Y for each of the ROIs A and B, which are extracted in the ROI extraction step S200.

도 3에 예시된 바와 같이, 관심영역에 포함된 픽셀(Pixel)이 X축인 'i'열이 10개(일련번호 0 ~ 9)이고, Y축인 'j'열이 5개(일련번호 0 ~ 4)로 배열된 50개로 구성되어 있다고 가정하고, 하기 대표값 산출식에 대입하여 X4('i'열 일련번호 4번 열)의 대표값을 산출하면,As illustrated in FIG. 3, there are 10 'i' columns (serial numbers 0 to 9) on the X-axis, and 5 'j' columns on the Y-axis (serial numbers 0 to 9). Suppose that the system consists of 50 arranged in 4), and calculates the representative value of X4 (column serial number 4 in column 'i') by substituting the following formula for calculating the representative value.

Figure 112013024051998-pat00001
Figure 112013024051998-pat00001

Figure 112013024051998-pat00002
Figure 112013024051998-pat00002

dy1 = 0 = S(4,1)-S(4,0)dy1 = 0 = S (4,1) -S (4,0)

dy2 = 85 = S(4,2)-S(4,1)dy2 = 85 = S (4,2) -S (4,1)

dy3 = 170 = S(4,3)-S(4,2)dy3 = 170 = S (4,3) -S (4,2)

dy4 = 0 = S(4,4)-S(4,3)dy4 = 0 = S (4,4) -S (4,3)

y4 = (0*1 + 85*2 + 170*3 + 0*4) / (0 + 85 + 170 + 0)y4 = (0 * 1 + 85 * 2 + 170 * 3 + 0 * 4) / (0 + 85 + 170 + 0)

= 680/255 = 2.666 (X4의 대표값) 이다.  = 680/255 = 2.666 (representative value of X4).

도 3에서 각각의 픽셀은 0 ~ 255 값을 갖는데, 이 값은 카메라 센서에서 받아들이는 빛의 양에 의해 결정된 값이다.In FIG. 3, each pixel has a value of 0 to 255, which is determined by the amount of light received by the camera sensor.

상기와 같은 방법에 의해 'i'열의 각각의 열에 대한 대표값이 산출되면, 하기 공식과 같이 'i'열 모두를 평균하여 관심영역에 대한 대표값 Y를 산출한다. When the representative value for each column of the 'i' column is calculated by the above method, the representative value Y for the ROI is calculated by averaging all of the 'i' columns as shown in the following formula.

Figure 112013024051998-pat00003
Figure 112013024051998-pat00003

상기 실제값산출단계(S400)는 상기 대표값산출단계(S300)에서 산출된 관심영역(A)(B) 각각의 대표값을 하기 방법에 따라 픽셀당 실제 사이즈를 산출하여 측정대상물에 대한 실제 좌표값 'y'를 산출한다.The actual value calculation step (S400) calculates the actual size per pixel according to the following method for each representative value of each of the regions of interest (A) and (B) calculated in the representative value calculation step (S300), and actual coordinates for the measurement object. Yields the value 'y'

Figure 112013024051998-pat00004
Figure 112013024051998-pat00004

Figure 112013024051998-pat00005
Figure 112013024051998-pat00005

Figure 112013024051998-pat00006
Figure 112013024051998-pat00006

도 4을 참조하면, 상기와 같은 방법에 따라 측정대상물의 관심영역(A)의 대표값(y1)과 관심영역(B)의 대표값(y2)를 산출할 수 있고, 대표값(y1)(y2)가 산출되면, 각 픽셀 단위 축지름(Dpixel)을 산출할 수 있다.Referring to FIG. 4, the representative value y 1 of the region of interest A of the measurement object and the representative value y 2 of the region of interest B may be calculated according to the method described above, and the representative value y When 1 ) (y 2 ) is calculated, each pixel unit axis diameter D pixel may be calculated.

Figure 112013024051998-pat00007
Figure 112013024051998-pat00007

아울러, 상기와 같이 픽셀 단위 축지름(Dpixel)이 산출되면, In addition, when the pixel unit axis diameter (D pixel ) is calculated as described above,

Figure 112013024051998-pat00008
Figure 112013024051998-pat00008

상기 공식에 산출된 픽셀 단위 축지름(Dpixel)과 설계도에 의해 이미 알고 있는 측정대상물의 실제 단위 축지름(Dreal)을 대입하여 픽셀당 실제 사이즈를 산출할 수 있는 것이다. 픽셀당 실제 사이즈를 관심영역(A) 또는 관심영역(B)의 픽셀 단위 대표값에 대입하여 측정 대상체의 실제 진동 크기를 산출할 수 있다.It is possible to calculate the actual size per pixel by substituting the pixel unit axis diameter D pixel calculated in the above formula and the actual unit axis diameter D real of a measurement target already known by the design drawing . The actual vibration size of the measurement object may be calculated by substituting the actual size per pixel into a representative unit value of the pixel of the region of interest A or B.

상기와 같이 본 발명에 따른 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법은 이미지상에서 보여지는 픽셀의 사이즈가 실제상황에서의 얼마의 사이즈에 해당되는지를 산출함으로써, 연속영상의 이미지에 나타난 픽셀의 변위를 측정하는 것만으로 실제 측정대상물의 미세진동에 의한 변위를 정확하고 신속하게 측정할 수 있는 것이다.As described above, the micro-vibration measuring method using the camera image according to the present invention calculates how much the size of the pixel shown in the image corresponds to the actual situation, thereby measuring the displacement of the pixel in the image of the continuous image. It is possible to accurately and quickly measure the displacement caused by the microscopic vibration of the actual measurement object.

도 4에서 P1은 관심영역(A)의 연속영상 이미지에서의 기준좌표, P2는 관심영역(B)연속영상 이미지에서의 기준좌표를 나타내면, υ1은 관심영역(A)의 연속영상 이미지에서의 Y축 j열, υ2는 관심영역(B)의 연속영상 이미지에서의 Y축 j열, In FIG. 4, P 1 denotes a reference coordinate in the continuous image image of the region of interest A, P 2 denotes a reference coordinate in the continuous image image of the region of interest B, and υ 1 indicates a continuous image image of the region of interest A. Y-axis j columns at, υ 2 are Y-axis j columns in the continuous image of the region of interest (B),

μ1은 관심영역(A)의 연속영상 이미지에서의 X축 i열, μ2는 관심영역(B)의 연속영상 이미지에서의 X축 i열을 나타낸다.μ 1 represents an X-axis i column in the continuous image image of the region of interest A, and μ 2 represents an X-axis i column in the continuous image image of the region of interest B. FIG.

즉, 관심영역(A)(B)의 연속영상 이미지상에서 보여지는 기준좌표(P1)(P2)에서 측정대상물의 픽셀 단위의 실제 기준좌표(y1)(y2)를 산출하고, 이미지상에서의 픽셀당 실제 사이즈를 산출함으로써, 연속영상 이미지만으로 미세진동에 의한 실제 측정대상물의 진동변위를 신속하고 정확하게 측정할 수 있는 것이다.That is, the actual reference coordinate y 1 (y 2 ) of the pixel unit of the measurement object is calculated from the reference coordinates P 1 and P 2 shown on the continuous image image of the region of interest A or B, and the image is calculated. By calculating the actual size per pixel on the image, it is possible to quickly and accurately measure the vibration displacement of the actual measurement object due to the microscopic vibration only with the continuous image image.

S(i,j) : 이진 영상 값 y, y1, y2 : 실제 기준좌표
P1 : 관심영역 A의 이미지상 기준좌표
P2 : 관심영역 B의 이미지상 기준좌표
Dpixel : 픽셀 단위 축지름 Dreal : 실 단위 축지름
Psize : 픽셀당 실제 사이즈 10: 측정대상물
11: 카메라 12: 컴퓨터
13: 모니터S (i, j): Binary image value y, y 1 , y 2 : Actual reference coordinate
P 1 : reference coordinate on the image of the region of interest A
P 2 : reference coordinate on the image of the region of interest B
D pixel : Axis diameter in pixels D real : Actual axis diameter
P size : Actual size per pixel 10: Object to be measured
11: camera 12: computer
13: monitor

Claims (6)

삭제delete 삭제delete 측정대상체에 대한 연속촬영된 n개의 카메라 연속 영상 취득하는 카메라 영상 취득단계(S100)와, 기 취득된 n개의 카메라 영상에서 관심영역을 선택하여 발취하는 관심영역발취단계(S200)와, 발취된 각각의 관심영역에 대한 대표값을 산출하는 대표값산출단계(S300)와, 상기 대표값산출단계(S300)에서 산출된 대표값을 실제값으로 환산하는 실제값환산단계(S400)로 구성된 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법에 있어서,
상기 대표값산출단계(S300)에서의 대표값은,

하기 공식
Figure 112013051549934-pat00009

Figure 112013051549934-pat00010

Figure 112013051549934-pat00011

y1 또는 y2에 의해 산출되며,
상기 공식 중
Figure 112013051549934-pat00012
에 의해 산출되는 상호 인접한 두 픽셀간의 차이 값을 이용하여 실제 측정 대상체의 경계면에서의 값이 크게 나타나는 특징을 이용하여 관심영역의 대표값(y1)(y2)를 산출하는 카메라 영상을 이용한 미세진동 측정방법.A camera image acquisition step (S100) of acquiring continuous photographed n camera images of the measurement object (S100), a region of interest extraction step (S200) of selecting and extracting a region of interest from the previously acquired n camera images, and each of the extracted images A camera image comprising a representative value calculation step (S300) of calculating a representative value for the ROI of interest and an actual value conversion step (S400) of converting the representative value calculated in the representative value calculation step (S300) into an actual value; In the micro vibration measurement method used,
The representative value in the representative value calculation step (S300)

The following formula
Figure 112013051549934-pat00009

Figure 112013051549934-pat00010

Figure 112013051549934-pat00011

calculated by y1 or y2,
Of the above formula
Figure 112013051549934-pat00012
Microvibration measurement using a camera image that calculates a representative value y1 (y2) of a region of interest by using a feature in which a value at the boundary of the actual measurement object is large using a difference value between two adjacent pixels calculated by Way. 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
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KR101434393B1 (en) * 2014-06-25 2014-08-27 세안기술 주식회사 A displacement vibration measuring method using camera image
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