KR101281746B1 - Wireless power pick-up apparatus using commercial frequency for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wireless current collector of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a wireless current collector of an electric vehicle that is light weighted and implemented at low cost using a commercial frequency power source.
In addition, according to the present invention, the magnetic resistance is minimized by minimizing the gap between the feed core and the current collector core (zero void), thereby maximizing the power transfer efficiency between the power induced in the current collector coil and the current collector coil.
According to the present invention, there is provided a wireless charging apparatus for an electric vehicle that enables uniform power transmission using only a commercial frequency power source of 60 Hz without using a high frequency inverter and a regulator. Provided is a lightweight vehicle current collector.
In addition, according to the present invention, in order to monitor and control the state of charge of the battery in the input power supply terminal, there is provided a magnetic field communication method between the battery management device and the power feeding device of the vehicle.

Description

Electric vehicle wireless current collector using commercial frequency {WIRELESS POWER PICK-UP APPARATUS USING COMMERCIAL FREQUENCY FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE}

The present invention relates to a wireless current collector of an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a wireless current collector of an electric vehicle that is light weighted and implemented at low cost using a commercial frequency power source.

1 is an electric circuit block diagram of a wireless charging device using a conventional high frequency. In the conventional electric vehicle wireless charging apparatus, a large power must be transferred to charge the battery at a high speed, so an inverter and a rectifier circuit for converting commercial power into high frequency are needed as shown in FIG. 1, and a battery in a current collector installed in an electric vehicle A regulator was needed for the furnace charging circuit. As such, the existing method uses expensive high frequency inverters and regulators, which requires excessive cost, and the system has a complicated problem.
(Patent Document 1) JP1997-213378 A (August 15, 1997)
(Patent Document 2) KR10-2010-0111212 A (2010. 10. 14)
(Patent Document 3) KR10-2011-0068621 A (2011. 6. 22)

The present invention was devised to solve such a problem, and provides a wireless charging apparatus for an electric vehicle that enables uniform power transmission using only a commercial frequency power source of 60 Hz without using a high frequency inverter and a regulator. To this end, it is an object of the present invention to provide a compact and lightweight vehicle current collector that does not use a regulator. In this case, it is an object of the present invention to minimize the magnetic resistance by minimizing the gap between the feed core and the current collector core (zero void), thereby maximizing the power transfer efficiency between the power induced in the current collector coil and the current collector coil. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic field communication method between a battery management device and a power feeding device of a vehicle in order to monitor and control a state of charge of a battery at an input power supply terminal.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a current collector installed in an electric vehicle, which collects electric power from a wireless power feeding device, a current collecting core having a magnetic pole for absorbing a magnetic field transmitted from the power feeding device; A current collector coil in which a current flows induced by the magnetic field absorbed by the current collector core; And an entrance guide provided at both sides of the front surface of the current collecting core to contact the one side surface of the power feeding core so as to move the power feeding core to a position to be aligned with the current collecting device when the vehicle enters the power feeding device. The current collector core includes current collector core poles perpendicular to the ground on left and right sides, and the surface of the current collector core poles is linear along the traveling direction of the vehicle on the feed core pole surface to be coupled to the feed core poles. A protrusion is coupled to the groove, or a linear groove is coupled to the protrusion core pole surface coupled with the protrusion protruding along the traveling direction of the vehicle.

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When the surface of the current collector core pole has a protrusion, the protrusion may be protruded at one or a plurality of points along the traveling direction of the vehicle, or may protrude continuously along the traveling direction of the vehicle. have.

The current collector core may further include a current collector core pole perpendicular to the ground.

The surface of the current collector core pole may include a protrusion coupled to a linear groove along the traveling direction of the vehicle so as to be coupled to the feed core pole, or protrude along the traveling direction of the vehicle on the feed core pole surface. It may have a linear groove coupled with the protrusion.

When the surface of the current collector core pole has a protrusion, the protrusion may be protruded at one or a plurality of points along the traveling direction of the vehicle, or may protrude continuously along the traveling direction of the vehicle. have.

The protrusions or grooves may be disposed on the left and right magnetic pole surfaces of the current collector core or on the central magnetic pole surface of the current collector core.

The current collector may be arranged in front of the power feeding core accommodation portion so as to be matched with the position of the power feeding device regardless of the size of the vehicle, and is fixed from a wheel stopper that stops the progress of the wheels so that the vehicle does not pass from the power feeding core. Can be installed at the rear of the street.

The magnetic pole surface of the current collector core may be covered with a coating of an insulating and magnetic material so as to maintain zero voids and minimize magnetic resistance even if there are foreign substances or impurities on the current collector core.

According to the present invention, there is provided a wireless charging apparatus for an electric vehicle that enables uniform power transmission using only a commercial frequency power source of 60 Hz without using a high frequency inverter and a regulator. There is an effect of providing a lightweight vehicle current collector.

In addition, according to the present invention to minimize the magnetic resistance by minimizing (zero void) between the feed core and the current collector core, thereby maximizing the power transfer efficiency between the power induced in the current collector coil and the current collector coil. There is this.

In addition, according to the present invention, in order to monitor and control the state of charge of the battery at the input power supply, there is an effect of providing a magnetic field communication method between the battery management device and the power feeding device of the vehicle.

1 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a wireless charging apparatus using a conventional high frequency inverter and a regulator of a current collector.
2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a wireless charging device that can use the 60 Hz commercial frequency of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a compensation circuit between power supply coils.
4 is a diagram illustrating another embodiment of a compensation circuit between power supply coils.
5 is a conceptual diagram and a cross-sectional view of a wireless charging device of the present invention.
6 is a perspective view showing a shape of a power supply device as an embodiment for minimizing alignment deviation between power supply coils according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of an auxiliary device in the power supply device of FIG. 6.
8 is a cross-sectional view, a plan view, and a side view of the feed core shape of FIG. 6 as viewed from the front.
FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a current collector core pole face is matched on the feed core pole face of FIG. 6.
10 is a view showing another embodiment of matching the power feeding core and the current collecting core.
11 is a view showing another embodiment of matching the power feeding core and the current collecting core.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a configuration of a power supply device capable of selecting and operating a power supply coil that minimizes an alignment deviation among a plurality of power supply coils.
13 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a structure of a power supply device.
14 is a view showing another embodiment of a structure of a power supply device.
15 is a view showing still another embodiment of the structure of the power supply device.
16 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless charging control method using magnetic field communication.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms, and the inventor should appropriately interpret the concepts of the terms appropriately It should be interpreted in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the principle that it can be defined. Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations shown in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, It is to be understood that equivalents and modifications are possible.

2 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a wireless charging device that can use the 60 Hz commercial frequency of the present invention.

In contrast to FIG. 1, in order to realize light weight and low cost, the power supply side removes an inverter and rectifier circuit for converting a commercial frequency into a high frequency, uses only a general commercial power source of 60 Hz, and removes a regulator from the current collector side. As such, since the commercial power source is used without using the high frequency inverter and the rectifier circuit, the magnetic coupling of the feed coil and the collector coil during power transmission becomes more important. Accordingly, the present invention uses the contact power transmission method to minimize the gap between the magnetic coupling is compared to the non-contact power transmission method, and also can maintain a high magnetic coupling despite the front, rear, left and right displacement of the vehicle position. The method is disclosed. This method and its structure will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings, and from this point of view, the magnetic current collecting coil of the vehicle is kept within a certain distance from the feeding coil, so that high magnetic coupling occurs, thereby providing an effect of supplying sufficient power. do.

3 and 4 illustrate two embodiments of a compensation circuit between power supply coils. 3 is an ideal case in which there is no internal resistance of the coil, and FIG. 4 is a case of an actual circuit considering the internal resistance of the coil.

In the case of the present invention, the inductance of the feed coil and the collector coil may vary greatly depending on the degree of matching of the two coils. Therefore, the compensating circuit may be configured in the form of a series of capacitors or a series of parallel or parallel-parallel combinations (only series-series capacitors are shown in the drawing) so that power is smoothly transferred even though the inductance is variable. The variable capacitance can be realized by switching several capacitors, and the variable inductance can also be realized by switching inductances having multiple stages.When the switching time is varied by connecting the power semiconductor switch and the capacitance or inductance in series and in parallel, the equivalent capacitance Or the principle of varying inductance can be used. This compensation circuit acts as an element to maximize the maximum power transfer or power factor (PF).

5 is a conceptual diagram and a cross-sectional view of a wireless charging device of the present invention.

The drawing 510 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of transferring electric power by a magnetic field in a state in which a current collecting device under a vehicle and a power feeding device installed under a road are almost in contact with a core and in a zero air gap state.

The drawing below is a cross-sectional view of the front surface showing a state in which the surfaces of the power feeding core 521 and the current collecting core 522 are in close contact with each other to transfer power. The gap 51 in the figure may be smaller than what is actually shown. In addition, in order to minimize the magnetoresistance between the power supply core pole surface and the current collector core pole surface in the almost contacted state, it is preferable to cover the coating 52 of a material having insulation and magnetism as a soft material.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view illustrating a power feeding device shape as an embodiment for minimizing alignment deviation between power supply coils, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view 710 of the power feeding device shape of FIG. , A plan view 720 viewed in a downward direction 20 and a side view 730 viewed in a lateral direction 30. As a method for minimizing the alignment deviation, a mechanical method (FIGS. 6 to 11) and an electrical method (FIG. 12) will be described.

First, the structure of the power feeding core 600 and the matching principle of the power feeding core magnetic pole 610 and the current collecting core magnetic pole 310 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6, 8, and 9. In the drawings, the feed coil and the collector coil are not illustrated. The structure of such a coil can be seen in various embodiments in FIGS. 13 to 15.

In the center of the filling region ground 61 of the charging station, there is a groove 62 through which the feeding core 600 can enter and exit in the vertical direction by the spring 630. The vehicle enters above the power feeding core 600, and the magnetic pole surface 310 of the current collecting core 300 (see FIG. 8) installed on the lower surface 81 of the entered vehicle is an inclined surface of the magnetic pole of the power feeding core 600. Riding on the feed core magnetic pole surface 610 in the 612, the magnetic pole surfaces are matched. The matched state is shown in FIG. 8. At this time, the protrusion 611 of the power supply core pole surface and the groove 311 of the current collector core pole surface are coupled (90) so that the pole surface is stably matched as shown in FIG. 8 during charging. In this case, the width of the groove 311 of the current collector core pole surface is preferably larger than the width of the protrusion 611 of the feed core pole surface. On the other hand, it is obvious that the structure can be configured such that the groove has a groove on the feed core pole surface, and a protrusion on the collector core pole surface.

However, in this case, when the vehicle enters the front direction 10 for charging, there is a problem in that it is difficult to enter so that the protrusion 611 and the groove 311 are correctly engaged. In order to solve this problem, the power supply core stimulator 600 includes a guide surface 613 for adjusting left and right of the power supply core position. Guide surface 613 is in the shape of a funnel to narrow the width as it enters. When the vehicle enters the front direction 10, for example, when the vehicle enters a state slightly biased to the right side, the entry guides on the right side of the entrance guides 320 provided on both sides of the front surface of the current collecting core 300 are the power supply core magnetic poles ( The right guide surface of 600 is first contacted. At this time, the power feeding core 600 receives a force to the right, and accordingly the roller 650 rotates clockwise so that the power feeding core support plate 640 and the spring 630 attached thereto, the power feeding core plate 620 and the magnetic poles ( The entire feeding core such as 610 moves to the right together. As a result, the entire feeding core is moved toward the current collector core biased to the right, and the power feeding core stimulus protrusion 611 and the current collecting core stimulus groove 311 are engaged with each other, and the current collecting core stimulating surface 320 moves toward the power feeding core stimulus as the vehicle progresses. Ascending the inclined surface 612, the current collecting core magnetic pole surface 310 is matched on the power feeding core magnetic pole surface 610 as shown in FIG. 8, and power feeding by the magnetic field is started.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the auxiliary device in the power supply device 600 of FIG. 6. Referring to the drawings, left and right sides of the power feeding core accommodation portion may be provided with grooves 63 into which the vehicle wheels enter to reduce the left and right deviations when the vehicle is aligned on the power feeding device. In addition, a front surface of the power feeding core accommodating part 62 may be provided with a wheel stopper 64 that prevents the wheel from going forward from the power feeding core. On the other hand, in order to be able to match the position of the power supply device irrespective of the size of the vehicle, the current collector is preferably installed at a position corresponding to the rear of the predetermined distance from the wheel stopper (64) in the lower part of the vehicle. .

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a case in which a current collecting core magnetic pole surface 310 is aligned on the power feeding core magnetic pole surface 610 of FIG. 6.

The collector 81 and its wheels 82, and the current collector core 300 mounted on the lower surface thereof, and the void 83 between the power feeding core pole surface 610 and the current collector core pole surface 310 are shown.

The principle matched in this way is as described above. A front view 810, a perspective view 820, and a side view 830 are shown in a mated state. In the perspective view 820, the void 83 between the feed core pole face 610 and the collector core pole face 310 is shown to be very large, but this is for convenience to show the structure, and in fact the front view 810 And close to a zero air gap as shown in side view 830.

The reason for achieving zero voids as described above is to maximize the power transfer efficiency between the power induced in the current collector coil and the supply current coil. That is, if the gap between the feed core and the current collector core becomes large, or if the feed core and the current collector core are not aligned, the resistance when the magnetic field is transmitted, that is, the magnetoresistance becomes large, and power transfer between the feed coil and the current collector coil is increased. This is because it acts as a factor to decrease the efficiency. Insulating and magnetic sheath 52 described in Figure 5 is also one of the ways to reduce the magnetic resistance.

10 is a view showing another embodiment of matching the power feeding core and the current collecting core.

The above figure is a perspective view 840 when the power feeding core 600 and the current collecting core 300 are matched, and the bottom view is a perspective view 850 of only the feeding core 600. Of course, for illustration of the structure, the voids 83 between the core faces are shown to be much larger than the actual mated state. In the drawing, as an example of the 'W'-shaped power supply device, a matching groove 315 and a protrusion 615 are shown in the central magnetic pole of the current collector core 300 and the power feeding core 600, respectively.

11 is a view showing another embodiment of matching the power feeding core and the current collecting core.

The above figure is a perspective view 860 when the power feeding core 600 and the current collecting core 300 are matched, and the lower figure is a perspective view 870 of only the feeding core 600. In this figure, too, for illustration of the structure, the voids 83 between the core faces are shown to be much larger than the actual mated state. In this figure, as an example of the W-shaped power supply device, the protrusion of the power feeding core 600 is not a continuous structure as shown in FIG. In some embodiments, the protrusions may be protruded at various points, and the protrusions may be disposed on the left and right magnetic poles instead of the central magnetic poles.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a configuration of a power supply device capable of selecting and operating a power supply coil that minimizes an alignment deviation among a plurality of power supply coils.

The upper figure shows a front view 900 and the lower figure shows a top view 950.

On the feed core 910, a plurality of feed coil pairs 911, 912 and 913 having opposite directions of current exist. Although not shown in the drawing, the power feeding device includes a feeding coil having a minimum distance (hereinafter, referred to as an 'alignment deviation') from a plurality of feeding coils deviating from a mating position with the collecting coil. There is a feed coil control device that selects and flows a current. 12 is a diagram illustrating a method of electrically minimizing the alignment deviation.

12 illustrates a case where a current flows in the second feed coil 912 selected by the feed coil control device according to the position of the current collector 920. That is, it can be seen that the second feed coil 912 is the coil having the least alignment deviation with respect to the position of the current collector 920. An arrow in the plan view 950 indicates the current direction of the second feed coil 912.

13 to 15 are diagrams illustrating embodiments of a power supply structure.

FIG. 13 illustrates a perspective view 1010 and a front view 1050 of a first embodiment in which the power supply devices have a symmetrical structure with each other as a 'U' shape, a power supply core 1011, a power supply coil 1012, Current collector core 1021 and current collector coil 1022 are shown.

FIG. 14 illustrates a perspective view 1110 and a front view 1150 of a second embodiment in which the power supply devices have a symmetrical structure with each other as a 'W' shape, a power supply core 1111, a power supply coil 1112, Current collector core 1121 and current collector coil 1122 are shown.

FIG. 15 shows a perspective view 1210 and a front view 1250 of a third embodiment of a structure of a power supply device, a power supply core 1211, a power supply coil 1212, a current collector core 1221, and a current collector coil 1222. ) Is shown. In particular, the third embodiment of FIG. 15 uses an asymmetric core structure in which the volume of the current collecting core is much smaller than the volume of the feeding core in order to minimize the weight and volume of the pickup (current collecting coil) mounted to the underside of the vehicle. That is, in the case where the shape of the power feeding core 1211 is U and the current collecting core 1221 is a '-' shape that fits therein, the size of the current collecting core is reduced as much as possible, and the magnetic feeding circuit is made larger while the power feeding core is larger. Has This has the advantage of minimizing and reducing the current collector coil than the vertically symmetrical current collector coil pairs of FIGS. 13 and 14 described above.

16 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless charging control method using magnetic field communication.

Performing the wireless charging control disclosed in this figure, using the magnetic field communication between the power supply device and the current collector. The feeder coil used for wireless power transfer is characterized in that it is used repeatedly as a magnetic field communication line between the battery management system for battery charge control and the feeder coil. In other words, the power transmission and the magnetic field communication between the power feeder and the current collector are enabled by a pair of feeder coils by varying the frequency and magnetic field communication frequency used for power transmission.

For example, it is necessary to transmit a signal to adjust the power supply to the power supply device according to the state of charge of the battery on the vehicle side, and use the magnetic field generated by the power supply coil current as the communication means. Fig. 16 is a flowchart showing the embodiment.

First, it is detected whether the vehicle enters the feeder region of the charging station (S1310), and when the vehicle enters, the magnetic field communication control unit of the power supply unit performs magnetic field communication with the magnetic field communication device of the vehicle (S1320). ). Accordingly, the power supply device is operated to start wireless power transfer by the magnetic field, and the current collector of the vehicle collects this power to perform battery charging (S1330). When the charging of the battery is completed, the power supply device stops the power supply and enters the standby mode (S1340).

600: feeding core 610: feeding core stimulation surface
611,615,616: protrusion of feed core pole face
612: feeding core stimulation slope
613: guide surface
620: feed core plate 630: spring
640: feed core support plate 650: roller
300: current collector core 310: current collector core
311: groove of the current collector core
320: collection core entry guide
61: ground 62: feed core receiving portion
63: vehicle wheel groove 64: vehicle wheel stopper

Claims (10)

As a current collector installed in an electric vehicle for collecting electric power from a wireless power feeder,
A current collector core having a magnetic pole absorbing the magnetic field transmitted from the power feeding device;
A current collector coil in which a current flows induced by the magnetic field absorbed by the current collector core; And
It is provided on both sides of the front surface of the current collector core, the entry guide for applying a force in contact with one side of the power supply core to move the power supply core to the position to be matched with the current collector when the vehicle enters the power supply device
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The current collector core,
It has a collector core pole perpendicular to the ground on left and right sides,
The surface of the current collector core stimulus is combined with the feed core stimulus,
The projection core pole surface has a protrusion coupled to the linear groove along the traveling direction of the vehicle,
With a linear groove on the feed core pole surface engaged with a protrusion protruding along the direction of travel of the vehicle
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that.
delete delete The method according to claim 1,
If the surface of the current collector core pole has a protrusion, the protrusion,
Protrudes at one or more points along the traveling direction of the vehicle, or
Having a shape of continuously protruding along the traveling direction of the vehicle
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method according to claim 1,
The current collector core,
Further provided with a collector core pole in the center perpendicular to the ground
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method according to claim 5,
The surface of the current collector core stimulus is combined with the feed core stimulus,
The projection core pole surface has a protrusion coupled to the linear groove along the traveling direction of the vehicle,
With a linear groove on the feed core pole surface engaged with a protrusion protruding along the direction of travel of the vehicle
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method of claim 6,
If the surface of the current collector core pole has a protrusion, the protrusion,
Protrudes at one or more points along the traveling direction of the vehicle, or
Having a shape of continuously protruding along the traveling direction of the vehicle
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method of claim 6,
The protrusion or groove,
Disposed on the left and right magnetic pole surfaces of the current collecting core;
Disposed on the central magnetic pole surface of the current collector core
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method according to claim 1,
The current collector,
In order to be able to match the position of the power feeding device regardless of the size of the vehicle, it is disposed at the rear of the wheel stopper disposed at the front of the feed core receiving portion to stop the progress of the wheel so that the vehicle does not pass from the feed core. that
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that. The method according to claim 1,
The magnetic pole surface of the current collector core,
Even if there is foreign matter or impurities on the current collector core, it should be covered with a coating of insulating and magnetic material so as to maintain zero voids with the surface of the feed core pole and minimize the magnetic resistance.
Electric vehicle wireless current collector, characterized in that.

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