KR101267853B1 - Vertical axis turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

Vertical turbine according to the present invention, the vertical axis is located perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, the central axis for transmitting power to the generator; An upper hub provided on an upper portion of the central axis and having a plurality of upper spokes coupled radially; A lower hub provided below the central axis, the lower hub having a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially; A plurality of blades rotatably formed about a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft being rotatably coupled to the upper spoke of the upper hub, and the other end rotatably coupled to the lower spoke of the lower hub; Pitch control unit for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade by rotating the blade in the horizontal direction; Sensing unit for detecting the flow rate and flow direction; Driving means for driving the pitch control unit and having an operation unit for supplying an action force to the pitch control unit based on the data sensed by the sensing unit; And a cradle that is rotatably coupled to the central shaft and one side of which is in contact with the installation surface, wherein the plurality of upper spokes are rotatably coupled to the upper hub, and the plurality of lower spokes are rotated to the lower hub. Possibly combined.

Description

Vertical Turbine {VERTICAL AXIS TURBINE}

The present invention relates to a vertical turbine, and more particularly, to a vertical turbine used for a power generator using a fluid.

Generally, turbines are divided into hydraulic turbines, steam turbines, wind turbines, and gas turbines.

Turbines are typically devices used to generate power using mechanical forces through a rotating shaft. These turbines are roughly classified into horizontal axis turbines and vertical axis turbines. The horizontal axis is a propeller type, which has a relatively high power generation efficiency, but the rotor must be changed according to the flow direction of the fluid. It is necessary to change the angle of the blade according to the flow strength of the device. In addition, in case of using the horizontal axis, the rotor shaft is located at least higher than the radius of the rotor. Therefore, in order to connect the rotor shaft and the generator located at the higher position, the generator should be installed at the same height as the rotor shaft. Install at the same location or install a device that converts horizontal rotational power to vertical rotational power and connect it with generator.

In the case of the former, there is a problem in that the mechanical damage due to the strong flow of the fluid is not easy, and the maintenance and repair is not easy. Loss occurs.

In the case of the wind turbine, there are Darius Rotor and Savonius Rotor. In the case of the Darius type, the output of the generator is weak and initially does not start by itself, there is a problem that an auxiliary one-turn power device is required. Since it can not be higher than the limit of the number of revolutions of the rotating shaft is mainly used as a low-power wind turbine.

In addition, in the case of a hydro turbine, a gorlov turbine is used, which can be rotated even at a low flow rate.

The vertical turbine according to the prior art is located vertically with respect to the flow direction of the fluid, the central shaft for transmitting power to the generator, and provided on the upper portion of the central shaft, a plurality of upper spokes radially coupled to the upper hub, It is provided in the lower portion of the central axis, the lower hub is a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially, one end is fixed to the upper spoke of the upper hub, the other end is composed of a plurality of blades fixed to the lower spoke of the lower hub.

However, the vertical turbine according to the prior art has a disadvantage in that the energy efficiency generated in the vertical turbine becomes low when the flow direction of the fluid is not constant and changes frequently. That is, since the blade is fixed, there is a disadvantage that the blade cannot maintain an optimized pitch angle with respect to the flow direction of the fluid which changes frequently.

In addition, since the upper spokes and the lower spokes are formed to be radially fixed to the upper hub and the lower hub, respectively, there is a problem of inconvenience caused by the large volume during the movement.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is possible to adjust the pitch angle of the blade in accordance with the flow direction of the fluid, it is possible to change the volume to provide a vertical turbine easy to move and install It is done.

Vertical turbine according to the present invention, the vertical axis is located perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, the central axis for transmitting power to the generator; An upper hub provided on an upper portion of the central axis and having a plurality of upper spokes coupled radially; A lower hub provided below the central axis, the lower hub having a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially; A plurality of blades rotatably formed about an axis of rotation, one end of the axis of rotation being rotatably coupled to the upper spoke of the upper hub, and the other end rotatably coupled to the lower spoke of the lower hub; Pitch control unit for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade by rotating the blade in the horizontal direction; A sensing unit for sensing the flow rate and the flow direction of the fluid; Driving means for driving the pitch control unit and having an operation unit for supplying an action force to the pitch control unit based on the data sensed by the sensing unit; And a cradle that is rotatably coupled to the central shaft and one side of which is in contact with the installation surface, wherein the plurality of upper spokes are rotatably coupled to the upper hub, and the plurality of lower spokes are rotated to the lower hub. Possibly combined.

In addition, the vertical turbine according to the present invention is located perpendicular to the flow of the fluid, the central axis for transmitting power to the generator; An upper hub provided on an upper portion of the central axis and having a plurality of upper spokes coupled radially; A lower hub provided below the central axis, the lower hub having a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially; A plurality of blades rotatably formed about a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft being rotatably coupled to the upper spoke of the upper hub, and the other end rotatably coupled to the lower spoke of the lower hub; A servo motor provided on at least one of the plurality of upper spokes or the lower spokes, the servo motor being connected to the rotating shaft of the blade to change the pitch angle of the blade; A sensing unit for sensing the flow rate and the flow direction of the fluid; A data storage unit for storing an optimum pitch angle of the blade according to the data detected by the detection unit; A control unit which receives the optimum pitch angle of the blade stored in the data storage unit and operates the servomotor so that the blade is positioned at the optimum pitch angle; The central axis is rotatably coupled, one side includes a cradle that is in contact with the installation surface, the plurality of upper spokes are rotatably coupled to the upper hub, the plurality of lower spokes are rotatable to the lower hub Can be combined.

The upper hub and the plurality of upper spokes may be coupled by an upper hinge shaft, and the lower hub and the plurality of lower spokes may be coupled by a lower hinge shaft.

The upper hub is provided with a stopper for fixing the upper spokes to the upper hub by limiting the rotation of the upper hinge shaft, the lower hub is a stopper for fixing the lower spoke to the lower hub by limiting the rotation of the lower hinge shaft. It may be provided.

The vertical turbine according to the present invention may further include a fixing holder detachably coupled to the upper hub and having a plurality of fixing grooves into which the upper spokes are fitted.

The fixed holder may be formed of a fixed holder for power generation that prevents the plurality of upper spokes rotated about the upper hinge axis to extend radially during power generation.

The fixed holder may be configured as a non-powered fixed holder for preventing the plurality of upper spokes folded to form a straight line during non-power generation to rotate about the upper hinge axis.

A locking protrusion may be formed at one side of the outer circumferential surface of the upper hub or the inner circumferential surface of the fixing holder, and a locking groove into which the locking protrusion may be inserted at the other side thereof.

The vertical turbine according to the present invention has the advantage that the optimum energy conversion efficiency can be obtained because the pitch of the blade can be adjusted at an optimum angle according to the flow direction or flow velocity of the fluid or the rotational speed of the turbine.

In addition, there is an advantage that the volume can be varied because the upper spoke and the lower spoke are rotatably coupled to the upper hub and the lower hub, respectively.

In addition, since the mount of the vertical turbine is detachably provided, there is an advantage of easy assembly and disassembly.

In addition, since the assembly and disassembly of the vertical turbine is easy, even when a typhoon or flood occurs, the vertical turbine can be quickly disassembled to prevent breakage, and then the vertical turbine can be assembled and used again. There is an advantage.

In addition, since the vertical turbine is easy to assemble and disassemble, it can be easily moved to an optimal place for maximum power generation, that is, an optimal place where wind power or hydro power generation is easy, and maintenance costs can also be reduced. There is an advantage to the price.

In addition, when the vertical turbine is used in the agricultural channel, the agricultural season can be separated so as not to interfere with the movement of the water, there is an advantage that can be reassembled and used in the agricultural season.

In addition, the vertical turbine has an advantage that can be used as a personal generator is easy to install and convenient to move.

1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a vertical turbine device according to the present invention,
2 is an enlarged perspective view of W of FIG. 1;
3 is a perspective view showing a state where the upper spoke and the lower spoke are rotated in one embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention;
4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the portion A of FIG. 4.
6 is a top view showing another embodiment of a vertical turbine device according to the present invention;
7 is a view showing the pitch angle of the blade with respect to the flow of fluid in another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention,
8 to 11 are graphs showing a process of convergence of the blade pitch angle in another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention;
12 is a graph showing an example of the blade pitch angle calculated according to the blade pitch angle determination method in another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention;
13 is a perspective view showing a state in which the upper spoke and the lower spoke are rotated in another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention;
14 is a perspective view showing the coupling with the cradle in another embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be construed in a common or dictionary sense, and the inventors will be required to properly define the concepts of terms in order to best describe their invention. Based on the principle that it can, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various equivalents may be substituted for them at the time of the present application. It should be understood that there may be water and variations.

The fluid described in the embodiment of the present invention may correspond to water or air, and the vertical turbine according to the present invention to be described below may use hydro or wind power.

1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a vertical turbine device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the W of FIG.

Vertical turbine according to the present invention is located perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, and is provided on the central axis 110 and the upper portion of the central axis 110 for transmitting power to the generator, a plurality of upper spokes 121 Is provided in the radially coupled upper hub 120, the lower portion of the central axis 110, a plurality of lower spokes 131 is radially coupled to the lower hub 130, and the axis of rotation (not shown) Rotatably formed, one end of the rotating shaft is rotatably coupled to the upper spoke 121 of the upper hub 120, and the other end is rotatably coupled to the lower spoke 131 of the lower hub 130. A plurality of blades 140, a pitch control unit 150 for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade 140 by rotating the blade 140 in the horizontal direction, a sensing unit for detecting the flow rate and flow direction, and Drive the pitch control unit 150, but in the detection unit Drive means having functional portion for supplying a force to said pitch control system 150 based on the data grounded; And the central axis 110 is rotatably coupled, one side includes a cradle (F) in contact with the installation surface, the plurality of upper spokes 121 is rotatably coupled to the upper hub 120 The plurality of lower spokes 131 may be rotatably coupled to the lower hub 130.

The pitch control unit 150 may include a plurality of connecting members 151 having one end connected to a rotation axis of the blade 140 and an operating point of each blade 140 spaced apart by a predetermined interval in the width direction of the blade 140; The other end of each of the connecting members 151 is connected to the center of the central axis 110 as a reference position, and rotates with the hub 153 and the center of the rotating body 153 from the reference position Translation and rotation of the connecting member 151 connected to the rotating body 153 changes the size of the pitch angle of the blade 140 as the blade 140 is rotated sine and of the blade 140 A phase is changed to correspond to the direction of the wind, and includes a guide for guiding the rotating body 153 in a straight line, and a direction changing part for fixing the guide part 155 to rotate the guide part 155. .

The central axis 110 is located perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, and serves to transfer power to the generator (not shown).

In the case of the generator is sufficient to be a conventional generator, it may be arranged to provide a rotational force provided from the central axis 110 without a separate direction. In addition, a power transmission means such as a gear or a belt may be used between the generator and the central shaft 110, and a conventional power blocking means for preventing an overload applied to the generator may be interposed.

In addition, the upper hub 120 is arranged in the upper portion of the central shaft 110, the lower hub 130 is laid in the lower portion of the central shaft 110.

In addition, the central axis 110 is preferably detachably coupled to the holder (F).

A plurality of upper spokes 121 are rotatably coupled to the upper hub 120 at regular intervals. That is, the upper hub 120 and the plurality of upper spokes 121 are coupled by an upper hinge shaft HH.

At this time, the upper hub 120 is a stopper for fixing the upper spoke 121 to the upper hub 120 by limiting the rotation of the upper hinge shaft (HH) during the operation of the vertical turbine (100) (not shown) H) is provided.

For example, the stopper may be a pin penetrating the upper spoke 121 and the upper hub 120, which is distinct from the upper hinge shaft (HH).

In addition, a plurality of lower spokes 131 are rotatably coupled to the lower hub 130 at regular intervals. That is, the lower hub 130 and the plurality of lower spokes 131 are coupled by a lower hinge axis (LH).

At this time, the lower hub 130 has a stopper (not shown) for fixing the lower spoke 131 to the lower hub 130 by limiting the rotation of the lower hinge shaft (LH) during the operation of the vertical turbine. It is provided.

For example, the stopper may be a pin passing through the lower spoke 131 and the lower hub 130, which is distinct from the lower hinge axis LH.

Alternatively, the vertical turbine according to the present invention further includes a fixing holder detachably coupled to the upper hub 120 and having a plurality of fixing grooves GG into which the upper spokes 121 are fitted.

That is, the fixing holder is made of a shape like a stopper surrounding the upper hub 120, the lower side is formed with a fixing groove (GG) to which the upper spoke 121 is fitted.

The fixed holder is made of a power generation fixed holder (CW) to prevent the plurality of the upper spokes 121 to be rotated about the upper hinge axis to extend radially during power generation.

In addition, the fixed holder is made of a non-powered fixed holder (CX) to prevent the plurality of upper spokes 121 folded to form a straight line when the non-power generation is rotated about the upper hinge axis (HH).

A locking protrusion CCK is formed at one side of an outer circumferential surface of the upper hub 120 or an inner circumferential surface of the fixing holder, and a locking groove CCH is formed at the other side of which the locking protrusion CCK is inserted.

That is, the locking projection CCK may be formed on the inner circumferential surface of the power generation fixing holder CW and the non-powering fixing holder CX, and the locking groove CCH may be formed on the outer circumferential surface of the upper hub 120. Of course, the reverse is also possible. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, the locking protrusion CCK is formed on the inner circumferential surfaces of the fixed holder CW for power generation and the non-powered fixed holder CX, and the locking groove CCH is disposed on the upper portion. It will be described as formed on the outer peripheral surface of the hub (120).

Since the blade 140 is intended to have a periodic pitch angle change, the blade shape is a symmetrical airfoil mainly used for the wing of an airplane. In addition, the longitudinal direction of the blade 140 is disposed so that the longitudinal direction is perpendicular to substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the flowing fluid, and obtains a rotational force from the flowing fluid.

The blade 140, the blade 140 is a reference position when the width direction of the blade 140 coincides with the circumferential tangential direction formed by the end of the plurality of upper spoke 121 or lower spoke 131 That is, it corresponds to a position where there is no change in pitch angle.

Width of the blade 140 corresponds to the length of the chord (chord) of the airfoil of the cross section of the blade (140). In addition, since the blade 140 is affected by the load due to the centrifugal force generated while rotating, it is preferable to have the required rigidity and light weight in terms of structural safety and efficiency of operation. Therefore, the blade 140 is preferably made of a fiber-reinforced composite having excellent weight-to-stiffness ratio, such as glass fiber or carbon fiber. It is possible to form the blade 140 using the composite material by conventional techniques.

When using the composite material it is possible to reduce the load applied to the pitch control unit 150 to prevent structural damage and extend the life. In addition, the blade 140 should be designed so that the aerodynamic center and the center of gravity are adjacent. When the aerodynamic center and the center of gravity are far from each other, due to the rotation of the blade 140, a lot of load is applied to the connecting member 151 connecting the blade 140 and the rotating body 153, a large driving force is required. In addition, the number of blades 140 may vary depending on the purpose and power required of the vertical turbine 100.

The rotating shaft of the blade 140 is coupled to the upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131 so that each blade 140 is rotatable about the rotating shaft so that the pitch angle of the blade 140 can be changed. . The rotating shaft may be connected by being mounted in a hole provided in the blade 140. Alternatively, the rotating shaft may be provided in the blade 140 and a hole may be provided in the upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131. Do.

In this case, it is advantageous to prevent the damage caused by unnecessary vibration of the blade 140 to be placed in the aerodynamic center of the blade shape of the blade 140, the position of the rotary shaft or hole.

The pitch control unit 150 is connected to the other end of the connecting member 151 and one end connected to the rotation axis of the blade 140 and the working point spaced apart a predetermined interval in the width direction of the blade 140 and the other end of the connecting member 151 Sine the size of the pitch angle of the blade 140 by translating and rotating the rotating body 153 and the center of the rotating body 153 from the reference position to the center of the central axis 110 as a reference position And adjusting means for changing the phase of the blade 140 to correspond to a change in the direction of the wind.

The connecting member 151 is a conventional rod having a shape of a material that withstands the tensile and compressive forces acting by the blade 140, the connecting member 151 is a connecting portion while changing the pitch angle of the blade 140 It is preferable to connect using a bearing so that the rotation can be made. In addition, the connection to the rotating body 153 using a bearing, but one of the connecting member 151 is fixed to the rotating body 153. The operating point where the connection member 151 is connected to the blade 140 is determined in consideration of the range of the pitch angle change of the blade 140 and the operating range of the adjusting means. In addition, although the action point for connecting the connecting member 151 may be provided on the blade 140, the blade 140 may be disposed on the upper portion of the blade 140 to prevent turbulence of the flow flowing through the blade 140. It is preferable to provide and connect the protrusion 141a on the rotation shaft connecting the spokes 121 and the lower spokes 131.

2 shows an enlarged view of W of FIG. 1.

Referring to the drawings, as described above, the connection member 151 is connected to the rotating body 153 and a bearing except for one, and the connection member 151a, which is a reference among the connection members 151, is rotated. It is fixed to the whole 153 for kinematic operation. The fixed connection member 151a takes a greater load than other connection members 151 when the blade 140 is rotated, and thus should be made more robust.

The adjusting means includes a guide part 155 having a guide rail for guiding the rotating body 153 in a straight line, and a turning part 157 for rotating the guide part 155.

The detector is equipped with a sensing device having a fan that is commonly used to detect the rotational speed and direction of the wind speed to detect the magnitude and direction of the flow rate of the fluid. The sensed data is converted into action signals on the acting portion and transmitted. The action part is connected to the guide part 155 to translate the pitch control part 150 to translate the guide action part (not shown) and the direction change part 157 to rotate the direction change part 157. It consists of a turning action part (not shown).

The direction change action unit as described above can be configured using a hydraulic or electric motor.

Referring to the effect of the embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

3 is a perspective view showing a state in which the upper spoke and the lower spoke are rotated in one embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention.

The upper hub 120 and the plurality of upper spokes 121 are rotatably coupled by an upper hinge shaft HH, and the lower hub 130 and the plurality of lower spokes 131 are lower hinge shafts LH. Since it is rotatably coupled by a) there is an advantage that can reduce the overall volume of the vertical turbine 100 by rotating the upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131 during the movement of the rotary turbine (100). .

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131 are rotated and arranged in a straight line rather than radially, thereby reducing the total volume of the vertical turbine 100 and reducing the volume. It is convenient to move.

Of course, during the operation of the vertical turbine 100, the stopper provided in the upper hub 120 and the stopper provided in the lower hub 130 are respectively of the upper hinge shaft (HH) and the lower hinge shaft (LH) The upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131 are fixed to the upper hub 120 and the lower hub 130 by limiting rotation.

In addition, the rotation of the upper spoke 121 may be limited by the fixing holder as described above.

That is, the power generation fixing holder CW prevents the upper spoke 121 radially unfolded for power generation from being rotated about the upper hinge shaft HH when the upper spoke 121 is rotated by the flow of the fluid. .

At this time, the rotation of the lower spoke 131 linked through the blade 140 by the rotation restriction of the upper spoke 121 by the fixing holder (CW) of course also limited rotation.

In addition, the non-powered fixed holder CX prevents the upper spoke 121, which is folded to form a straight line during non-power generation, from rotating about the upper hinge axis HH.

That is, the upper spoke 121 and the lower spoke 131 may be the upper hinge axis HH or the lower hinge axis LH such that the plurality of upper spokes 121 and the lower spokes 131 form a straight line rather than a radial shape. It can be folded by rotating around, and the folded upper spoke 121 is constrained to rotate through the non-powered fixed holder (CX).

On the other hand, the locking projection (CCK) is inserted into the locking groove (CCH) when the rotation limit of the upper spoke 121 through the fixed holder for power generation (CW) or the non-powered fixing holder (CX), thereby fixing the power generation The holder CW or the non-powered fixing holder CX is prevented from being separated from the upper hub 120.

In addition, the holder (F) is in contact with the installation surface so that the vertical turbine 110 is fixed to the installation surface, the installation surface generally corresponds to the ground.

Since the central shaft 110 is detachably coupled to the holder (F), the rotary turbine 100 has an advantage of easy assembly and disassembly.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of another embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention will be described.

4 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view in which the portion A of FIG. 9 is enlarged, and FIG. 6 is another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention. 7 is a view showing the pitch angle of the blade with respect to the flow of the fluid in another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention, Figures 8 to 11 are another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the present invention 12 is a graph showing a process of convergence of the blade pitch angle, FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example of the blade pitch angle calculated according to the blade pitch angle determination method in another embodiment of the vertical turbine apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. In another embodiment of the vertical turbine device according to the invention is a perspective view showing a state in which the upper spoke and the lower spoke is rotated, Figure 14 is another embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention A perspective view of the combination with the stand holder is shown.

Another embodiment of the vertical turbine according to the present invention, which is located perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid, is provided with a central axis 210 for transmitting power to the generator, the upper portion of the central axis 210, The upper spoke 221 is radially coupled to the upper hub 220 and the lower portion of the central axis 210, provided with a plurality of lower spokes 231 radially coupled to the lower hub 230, and the rotary shaft ( Is formed rotatably around the 241, one end of the rotary shaft 241 is rotatably coupled to the upper spoke 221 of the upper hub 220, the other end of the lower spoke (230) of the lower hub (230) 231 and a plurality of blades 240 rotatably coupled to the plurality of upper spokes 221 or at least one of the lower spokes 231, the pitch angle of the blade 240 is changed to Servo connected to the rotating shaft of the blade 240 for the device A detector 250 for detecting a flow rate and a flow direction of the fluid, a data storage unit 270 storing an optimum pitch angle of the blade 240 according to the data detected by the detector, and the data. A control unit 260 which receives the optimum pitch angle of the blade 240 stored in the storage unit 270 and operates the servo motor 250 so that the blade 240 is positioned at the optimum pitch angle; 210 is rotatably coupled, one side includes a cradle (F) in contact with the installation surface, the plurality of upper spokes 221 is rotatably coupled to the upper hub 220, the plurality of lower The spoke 231 is rotatably coupled to the lower hub 230.

An upper hub 220 is formed above the central axis 210, and a lower hub 230 is formed below the central axis 210.

In addition, the central axis 210 is preferably detachably coupled to the holder (F).

A plurality of upper spokes 221 are rotatably coupled to the upper hub 220 at regular intervals. That is, the upper hub 220 and the plurality of upper spokes 221 are coupled by the upper hinge axis (HH).

At this time, the upper hub 220 has a stopper (not shown) for fixing the upper spoke 221 to the upper hub 220 by limiting the rotation of the upper hinge shaft (HH) during the operation of the vertical turbine. It is provided.

For example, the stopper may be a pin penetrating the upper spoke 221 and the upper hub 220, which is distinct from the upper hinge shaft (HH).

In addition, a plurality of lower spokes 231 are rotatably coupled to the lower hub 230 at regular intervals. That is, the lower hub 230 and the plurality of lower spokes 231 are coupled by a lower hinge axis (LH).

At this time, the lower hub 230 has a stopper (not shown) for fixing the lower spoke 231 to the lower hub 230 by limiting the rotation of the lower hinge shaft (LH) during operation of the vertical turbine. It is provided.

For example, the stopper may be a pin passing through the lower spoke 231 and the lower hub 230, which is distinct from the lower hinge axis LH.

The upper hub 220 and the lower hub 230 is formed with a groove (G) for the rotation of the upper spoke 221 and the lower spoke 231.

The blade 240 is rotatably formed about the rotation shaft 241, the upper end of the rotation shaft 241 is rotatably coupled to the upper spoke 221 of the upper hub 220, the lower end is the lower Is rotatably coupled with the lower spoke 231 of the hub 230.

At least one of the plurality of upper spokes 221 or at least one of the lower spokes 231 is provided with a servo motor 250 connected to a rotation axis of the blade 240 to change the pitch angle of the blade 240. . Preferably, the servo motor 250 is provided in each of the plurality of upper spokes 221.

The rotating shaft 241 of the blade 240 is connected to the servo motor 250 to change the pitch angle of the blade 240.

 The servo motor 250 also rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotation shaft 241 to change the pitch angle of the blade 240. Preferably, the servo motor 250 and the rotation shaft 241 are connected by a bevel gear. That is, the servo motor 250 and the blade 240 may transmit power by the servo motor gear 255 and the blade gear 245 formed as the bevel gear, as shown in FIG. The servo motor gear 255 is connected to the servo motor 250, the blade gear 245 is connected to the rotation shaft 241, the servo motor gear 255 and the blade gear 245 is powered. They are interlocked so that they can be delivered.

That is, the pitch angle of the blade 240 refers to the angle of the blade with respect to the tangential line of the circumference drawn while the ends of the upper spoke 221 and the lower spoke 231 as shown in FIG.

The servo motor 250 is operated by the controller 260 and controls the pitch angle of the blade 240 to obtain the optimum efficiency.

Here, the control unit 260 may control the servo motor 250 by sending a control signal in the form of a pulse to the servo motor 250. The servo motor 250 rotates a predetermined angle for every input pulse, and controls the rotation angle of the servo motor 250 by varying the frequency of the pulse.

The optimum pitch angle of the blade 240 is stored in the data storage unit 270, and the controller 260 can obtain the optimum efficiency according to the flow direction of the fluid, the flow rate and the rotational speed of the central axis 210. The servo motor 250 is driven by selecting the blade pitch angle.

The pitch angles of the blades stored in the data storage unit 270 will be described in detail later in the section on the blade pitch angle determination method of the vertical turbine.

As described above, the vertical turbine 200 of the present invention has an advantage of always obtaining the best energy conversion efficiency by actively changing the pitch angle of the blade 240 according to the change of the fluid flowing to the outside.

In addition, the detection unit further includes a fluid direction detection unit 280 for detecting the movement direction of the fluid, and a fluid speed detection unit 281 for detecting the movement speed of the fluid, the control unit ( 260).

In this case, the fluid direction detecting unit 280 may be generally used, and a flow meter may be used. The fluid speed detecting unit 281 may be a flow rate meter, but is not limited thereto.

In addition, the sensing unit further includes a rotating shaft speed detecting unit 282 and a rotating shaft position detecting unit 283 for detecting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 210 of the vertical turbine 200. The rotation speed and the rotation position of the rotation shaft 210 sensed by the rotation shaft speed detection unit 282 and the rotation shaft position detection unit 283 are input to the controller 260.

The controller 260 selects the optimum blade pitch angle according to the input fluid direction, the fluid speed, and the rotation axis speed in the data storage unit 270 so that the blade 150 at each rotation position can maintain the optimum pitch angle. Drive the servo motor 240 so that.

As such, the vertical turbine 200 of the present invention senses the flow of fluid and the rotation of the central axis 210 to maintain the pitch angle of the blade 240 to obtain the optimum efficiency in each situation. The advantage is that the conversion efficiency can be significantly improved.

Next, a method of determining the pitch angle of the blades 240 of the vertical turbine 200 is as follows.

First, in step a, a plurality of arbitrary azimuths are selected at regular intervals about the central axis 210 in the vertical turbine 200, and any blade 240 pitch angles are selected from the azimuths. do.

That is, as the vertical turbine 200 rotates, the blade 240 passes through an azimuth angle of 360 degrees about the central axis 210. A plurality of arbitrary azimuth angles are selected at regular intervals from the azimuth angles of 360 degrees, and the selected azimuth angle is selected. It is to randomly select the pitch angle of the blade 240 located in.

Next, in step b, the pitches of the blades 240 at the azimuths other than the selected azimuths are determined by linearly connecting the pitches of the blades 240 at the azimuths selected in step a.

As shown in FIG. 8, the blade 240 pitch angles at randomly selected azimuths are arbitrarily selected, and the blades 240 pitch angles at each azimuth are made such that the blades 240 at adjacent azimuths have a similar pitch angle to each other. To choose.

And in step c, the output of the vertical turbine 200 is calculated at a predetermined fluid speed and a predetermined rotational shaft rotation speed. As a method of calculating the output of the vertical turbine 200, it is preferable to use an automatic grid generation technique.

Automatic grid generation technique is a technique that generates different grid models for each situation when changing design variables and so on.

Also, for grid generation and analysis, commercial software MSC. PATRAN (manufactured by MSC Software Corporation, www.mscsoftware.com) and STAR-CD (manufactured by CD-adapco, www.cd-adapco.com) are available.

As a next d step, the steps a to c are repeated to select the pitch angle of the blade 240 having the largest output of the vertical turbine 200. In step d, the predetermined fluid speed and the predetermined rotation axis speed are not changed while repeating steps a to c.

That is, the output of the vertical turbine 200 is repeatedly calculated while arbitrarily changing the blade 240 pitch angle at a constant fluid moving speed and a rotating shaft rotation speed, and the blade 240 pitch when the output is the largest among the calculated outputs. To choose the angle.

As such, since any blade 240 pitch angle in step a is determined through an optimization algorithm, as the steps a to c are repeated, any blade pitch angle 240 is applied to a pitch angle having an optimum efficiency. Will come close.

9 is a graph illustrating the blade 240 pitch angle having the highest output among various blade 240 pitch angles.

In step e, an arbitrary blade 240 pitch angle is selected again in a range narrower than a range of the pitch of the blade 240 arbitrarily selected in step a based on the blade 240 pitch angle selected in step d. .

Next, as a step f, the steps b to e are repeated to allow the vertical turbine 200 to converge at the pitch angle of the blade 240 to obtain the best output at a predetermined fluid speed and a predetermined rotational shaft rotation speed. .

10 and 11 are graphs showing that the pitch angles of the blades 240 converge by repeating steps b through e.

Next, in step g, the pitch angle converged in the blade 240 is stored in the data storage unit 270.

Next, as step h, the predetermined fluid speed and predetermined rotation axis rotation speed in step c are changed to an arbitrary value.

Finally, as step i, by repeating the steps a to h, the optimum blade 240 pitch angle according to various fluid speeds and rotational axis rotational speed is stored in the data storage unit 270 to make a database.

12 is a graph showing an example of the pitch angle of the blade 240 calculated through the above steps. In FIG. 12, TSR (Tip Speed Ratio) means a value obtained by dividing the linear speed of the blade 240 by the fluid speed.

In other words, when the TSR is low, the linear speed of the blade 240 is lower than the speed of the fluid. When the TSR is high, the linear speed of the blade 240 is higher than the speed of the fluid.

As shown in FIG. 12, when the linear velocity of the blade 240 is low, the change in the pitch angle of the blade 240 at each azimuth angle is large, and when the linear velocity of the blade 240 is high, the blade 240 at each azimuth angle is high. It can be seen that the change in pitch angle is small.

This is because the vertical turbine 200 obtains rotational force based on drag during initial driving with low linear velocity of the blade 240, and the vertical turbine 200 rotates based on lift as the linear speed of the blade 240 increases. To obtain high energy conversion efficiency.

As described above, the method of determining the blade pitch angle of the vertical turbine of the present invention has an advantage of calculating the pitch angle of the blades 240 to obtain the optimum energy conversion efficiency according to the flow of various fluids.

Meanwhile, the upper hub 220 and the plurality of upper spokes 221 are rotatably coupled by an upper hinge shaft HH, and the lower hub 230 and the plurality of lower spokes 231 are lower hinge shafts. Since it is rotatably coupled by (LH) it is possible to reduce the total volume of the vertical turbine 200 by rotating the upper spoke 221 and the lower spoke 231 during the movement of the rotary turbine 200 There is this. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the upper spokes 221 and the lower spokes 231 are rotated and arranged in a straight line rather than radially, so that the total volume of the vertical turbine 200 can be reduced, and the volume reduced. It is convenient to move.

Of course, in the operation of the vertical turbine 200, the stopper provided in the upper hub 220 and the stopper provided in the lower hub 230 are formed of the upper hinge shaft (HH) and the lower hinge shaft (LH), respectively. By restricting the rotation, the upper spoke 221 and the lower spoke 231 are fixed to the upper hub 220 and the lower hub 230, respectively.

In addition, as shown in Figure 14, the holder (F) is in contact with the installation surface so that the vertical turbine 210 is fixed to the installation surface, the installation surface generally corresponds to the ground.

Since the central shaft 210 is detachably coupled to the holder (F), the rotary turbine 200 has the advantage of easy assembly and disassembly.

Claims (9)

A central axis positioned perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid and transmitting power to the generator;
An upper hub provided on an upper portion of the central axis and having a plurality of upper spokes coupled radially;
A lower hub provided below the central axis, the lower hub having a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially;
A plurality of blades rotatably formed about an axis of rotation, one end of the axis of rotation being rotatably coupled to the upper spoke of the upper hub, and the other end rotatably coupled to the lower spoke of the lower hub;
Pitch control unit for adjusting the pitch angle of the blade by rotating the blade in the horizontal direction;
A sensing unit for sensing the flow rate and the flow direction of the fluid;
Driving means for driving the pitch control unit, the driving unit including an operation unit for supplying an action force to the pitch control unit based on the data sensed by the detection unit; And
The central axis is rotatably coupled, one side includes a cradle in contact with the installation surface,
The plurality of upper spokes are rotatably coupled to the upper hub, and the plurality of lower spokes are rotatably coupled to the lower hub,
The central axis is detachably coupled to the cradle,
The upper hub and the plurality of upper spokes are coupled by an upper hinge axis,
And the lower hub and the plurality of lower spokes are coupled by a lower hinge axis. A central axis positioned perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid and transmitting power to the generator;
An upper hub provided on an upper portion of the central axis and having a plurality of upper spokes coupled radially;
A lower hub provided below the central axis, the lower hub having a plurality of lower spokes coupled radially;
A plurality of blades rotatably formed about a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft being rotatably coupled to the upper spoke of the upper hub, and the other end rotatably coupled to the lower spoke of the lower hub;
A servo motor provided on at least one of the plurality of upper spokes or the lower spokes, the servo motor being connected to the rotating shaft of the blade to change the pitch angle of the blade;
A sensing unit for sensing the flow rate and the flow direction of the fluid;
A data storage unit for storing an optimum pitch angle of the blade according to the data detected by the detection unit;
A control unit which receives the optimum pitch angle of the blade stored in the data storage unit and operates the servomotor so that the blade is positioned at the optimum pitch angle; And
The central axis is rotatably coupled, one side includes a cradle in contact with the installation surface,
The plurality of upper spokes are rotatably coupled to the upper hub, and the plurality of lower spokes are rotatably coupled to the lower hub,
The central axis is detachably coupled to the cradle,
The upper hub and the plurality of upper spokes are coupled by an upper hinge axis,
And the lower hub and the plurality of lower spokes are coupled by a lower hinge axis. delete delete The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The upper hub is provided with a stopper for limiting the rotation of the upper hinge axis to secure the upper spoke to the upper hub,
The lower hub is a vertical turbine, characterized in that the stopper for fixing the lower spoke to the lower hub by limiting the rotation of the lower hinge shaft. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
And a fixing holder detachably coupled to the upper hub and having a plurality of fixing grooves into which the upper spokes are fitted. The method of claim 6,
The fixing holder,
The vertical turbine, characterized in that the power generating fixed holder for preventing the plurality of the upper spokes unfolded to form a radial during power generation to rotate about the upper hinge axis. The method of claim 6,
The fixing holder,
And a plurality of non-powered fixed holders for preventing the plurality of upper spokes which are folded to form a straight line during non-power generation from rotating about the upper hinge axis. The method of claim 6,
Vertical turbine, characterized in that the engaging projection is formed on one side of the outer circumferential surface of the upper hub or the inner circumferential surface of the fixing holder and the engaging projection is inserted into the other side.

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