KR101267225B1 - Dipleg and fluidized bed reacting apparatus - Google Patents

Dipleg and fluidized bed reacting apparatus Download PDF

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KR101267225B1
KR101267225B1 KR1020110036347A KR20110036347A KR101267225B1 KR 101267225 B1 KR101267225 B1 KR 101267225B1 KR 1020110036347 A KR1020110036347 A KR 1020110036347A KR 20110036347 A KR20110036347 A KR 20110036347A KR 101267225 B1 KR101267225 B1 KR 101267225B1
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fluidized bed
downcomer
solid particles
cyclone
bed reaction
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KR1020110036347A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20120118761A (en
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이동현
홍윤석
공정국
강경수
박주식
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한국에너지기술연구원
성균관대학교산학협력단
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/38—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it
    • B01J8/384—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only
    • B01J8/388—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique with fluidised bed containing a rotatable device or being subject to rotation or to a circulatory movement, i.e. leaving a vessel and subsequently re-entering it being subject to a circulatory movement only externally, i.e. the particles leaving the vessel and subsequently re-entering it
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
    • C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
    • C01B3/28—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles
    • C01B3/30—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/42—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles
    • C01B3/44—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts using moving solid particles using the fluidised bed technique

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 고체입자의 농후한 하강흐름형태의 조업을 위한 하강관 및 이를 포함하는 유동층 반응장치에 관한 것으로, 사이클론에서 포집된 입자를 원활하게 유동층 반응기로 재주입하기 위하여, 사이클론 하단에 위치한 하강관의 배출구를 비스듬하게 자른 후, 높이를 조절해 줌으로써 사이클론에서 포집된 입자의 원활한 재주입이 가능하다.The present invention relates to a downcomer and a fluidized bed reactor including the same for the operation of a dense downflow of solid particles, the downcomer located at the bottom of the cyclone in order to smoothly reinject the particles collected in the cyclone into the fluidized bed reactor After cutting the outlet of the slant diagonally, adjusting the height allows smooth reinjection of the particles collected in the cyclone.

Description

하강관 및 유동층 반응장치{Dipleg and fluidized bed reacting apparatus}Downpipe and fluidized bed reacting apparatus

본 발명은 순환 유동층 반응장치에서 고체 재순환을 위해 사용되는 하강관 및 이를 포함하는 순환 유동층 반응장치에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a downcomer used for solid recycle in a circulating fluidized bed reactor and a circulating fluidized bed reactor comprising the same.

순환 유동층 반응장치에서 고체입자는 유동층 반응부를 지나 높은 유속에서 조업되는 상승관에서 주입기체와 반응을 일으키게 된다. 상승관에서 비산되는 입자가 사이클론에서 기체와 분리된 후, 다시 유동층 반응기로 재주입되기 위해서는 재순환부가 필요하다.In the circulating fluidized bed reactor, solid particles react with the injection gas in a riser operated at a high flow rate past the fluidized bed reactor. Particles scattered in the riser are separated from the gas in the cyclone and then recycled to be reinjected into the fluidized bed reactor.

일반적으로 재순환부는 하강관(dipleg)과 밸브로 구성되는데, 하강관은 압력이 낮은 곳에서 높은 곳으로 입자를 이송시키기 위하여 필요한 장치이며, 상승관에서 유입되는 기체의 역류를 막기 위해서는 하강관 내에 입자가 농후하게 분포된 상태에서 내려 가야만 한다(Fluidization engineering 2nd, Kunii and Levenspiel, 371-374).In general, the recirculation unit consists of a dipleg and a valve, which are necessary devices for transporting particles from a low pressure to a high place, and in order to prevent backflow of gas from the riser, Must be lowered in a rich distribution (Fluidization engineering 2nd, Kunii and Levenspiel, 371-374).

이처럼 입자의 농후한 하강흐름을 형성하고 입자흐름속도를 조절하기 위하여, 하강관의 길이를 길게 하거나 상부와 하부에 제한을 걸어주어야 하며, 이러한 제한을 주기 위하여 일반적으로 고온 및 고압에서 조업이 가능한 비기계식 밸브가 이용되고 있으나, 고체순환속도에 따라 기체의 주입유속을 바꾸어 주어야 하는 등 조업에 어려움이 따른다.In order to form a dense flow of particles and to control the particle flow rate, it is necessary to lengthen the length of the downcoming pipe or limit the upper and lower parts. Although mechanical valves are used, it is difficult to operate such as changing the flow rate of gas according to the solid circulation rate.

대한민국 특허공개 제2005-70328호에는 순환유동층 보일러의 고체 재순환장치가 개시되어 있는데, 이 특허에서는 비기계식 밸브를 사용하여 고체를 재주입시키므로, 별도의 주입기체가 필요하여 동력비가 소요되고, 장치가 복잡해져서 초기비용이 많이 든다.
Korean Patent Publication No. 2005-70328 discloses a solid recirculation device of a circulating fluidized bed boiler. In this patent, a non-mechanical valve is used to reinject the solid, so that a separate injection gas is required, which requires a power cost. It is complicated and costs a lot of initial cost.

본 발명의 목적은 고체가 정체되지 않고 재주입이 원활하게 이루어질 수 있도록, 개선된 형태의 하강관 및 이를 포함하는 유동층 반응장치를 제공하는 것이다.It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved type of downcomer and a fluidized bed reactor including the same so that solids do not stagnate and reinjection is performed smoothly.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 비기계식 밸브를 사용하지 않고 고체를 유동층 반응부로 직접 재주입시킴으로써, 별도의 주입기체가 필요하지 않아 동력비가 절감되고 장치를 단순하게 제작할 수 있어 초기비용이 절감될 수 있는, 하강관 및 이를 포함하는 유동층 반응장치를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to directly re-inject the solid into the fluidized bed reaction section without using a non-mechanical valve, there is no need for a separate injection gas to reduce the power cost and to simplify the device, which can reduce the initial cost, It is to provide a downcomer and a fluidized bed reactor including the same.

본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 비기계식 밸브가 아닌 장치의 구조에 의해 제한이 형성되어 농후한 하강흐름이 형성되도록 하며, 일정 높이 이상의 입자층이 쌓일 경우 하강관에서 입자가 배출되어 하강관 내 입자의 양이 일정하게 유지될 수 있는, 하강관 및 이를 포함하는 유동층 반응장치를 제공하는 것이다.
Another object of the present invention is to limit the formation of the device by the structure of the non-mechanical valve to form a descent flow, and when a layer of particles of a certain height is accumulated, the particles are discharged from the downcoming pipe to the amount of particles in the downcoming pipe It is to provide a downcomer and a fluidized bed reactor including the same, which can be kept constant.

본 발명은 상기 목적을 달성하기 위해, 유입구와 배출구를 구비하는 관 형태로 이루어지되, 배출구는 경사진 절단면을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 유동층 반응장치용 하강관을 제공한다.The present invention is made in the form of a pipe having an inlet and an outlet for achieving the above object, the outlet provides a downcomer for the fluidized bed reactor, characterized in that it has an inclined cutting surface.

본 발명에서는 사이클론에 의해 포집된 고체입자를 재순환시켜주는 하강관의 배출구를 비스듬하게 절단하여 제작함으로써, 고체입자가 정체되지 않고 재주입이 원활하게 이루어질 수 있도록 개선하였다.In the present invention, by obliquely cutting the outlet of the downcomer for recycling the solid particles collected by the cyclone obliquely, the solid particles are not stagnant and improved to be smoothly re-injection.

본 발명에 따른 하강관에서 배출구의 절단면은 고체입자의 원활한 재주입을 위해 지면을 기준으로 30 내지 60°의 각도를 이루는 것이 바람직하다.The cut surface of the outlet in the downcomer according to the present invention preferably forms an angle of 30 to 60 degrees relative to the ground for smooth reinjection of solid particles.

본 발명에 따른 하강관은 고체입자의 안식각에 따라 높이가 조절되도록, 유입구 쪽 외주면에 형성되는 높이조절용 나사선을 구비하는 것이 바람직하다.The downcomer according to the present invention preferably has a height adjusting screw thread formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inlet so that the height is adjusted according to the angle of repose of the solid particles.

또한, 본 발명은 유동층 반응부; 유동층 반응부와 상승관을 통해 연결되어 유입되는 고체입자와 기체를 분리하는 사이클론; 유입구와 경사진 절단면을 갖는 배출구를 구비하는 관 형태로 이루어지고, 사이클론과 연결되면서 유동층 반응부의 내부에 설치되어 사이클론에서 분리된 고체입자를 유동층 반응부로 재순환시키는 하강관; 및 바닥판과 측벽을 포함하는 저장조 형태로 구성되고, 하강관의 하부에 설치되어 고체입자의 흐름에 제한을 걸어주는 제한부재를 포함하는 유동층 반응장치를 제공한다.In addition, the present invention is a fluidized bed reaction unit; A cyclone connected through a fluidized bed reaction unit and a riser to separate solid particles and gas introduced therethrough; A down pipe made of a pipe shape having an inlet and an outlet having an inclined cutting surface, and connected to a cyclone to be installed inside the fluidized bed reaction part to recycle solid particles separated from the cyclone to the fluidized bed reaction part; And a reservoir configured to include a bottom plate and a side wall, and provided at a lower portion of the downcomer, which includes a limiting member that restricts the flow of the solid particles.

본 발명에 따른 유동층 반응장치에서 사이클론은 하부로 연장되는 배출관을 구비하고, 배출관은 하강관의 높이 조절 등을 위해 하강관의 내부에 삽입되는 것이 바람직하다.In the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention, the cyclone is provided with a discharge pipe extending downward, and the discharge pipe is preferably inserted into the downcoming pipe for adjusting the height of the downcoming pipe.

본 발명에 따른 유동층 반응장치에서 하강관의 상부는 유동층 반응부의 상단에 장착되되, 하강관의 상부는 유동층 반응부의 상단과 높이 조절 가능하게 나사 결합되는 것이 바람직하다.In the fluidized bed reaction apparatus according to the present invention, the upper portion of the downcomer is mounted on the upper end of the fluidized bed reaction part, and the upper portion of the downcomer is preferably screwed so that the height can be adjusted with the upper end of the fluidized bed reaction part.

본 발명에 따른 유동층 반응장치에서 하강관 배출구의 높이는 고체입자의 안식각에 따라 조절되는 것이 바람직하며, 이에 따라 고체입자는 제한부재에 쌓이다가 안식각을 초과할 경우 유동층 반응부로 재주입될 수 있다.
In the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention, the height of the downcomer outlet is preferably adjusted according to the angle of repose of the solid particles. Accordingly, when the solid particles accumulate in the limiting member and exceed the angle of repose, the fluidized bed outlet may be reinjected into the fluidized bed reaction part.

본 발명에서는 사이클론에 의해 포집된 고체입자를 재순환시켜주는 하강관의 배출구를 비스듬하게 절단하여 제작함으로써, 고체입자가 정체되지 않고 재주입이 원활하게 이루어질 수 있다.In the present invention, by obliquely cutting the outlet of the downcomer for recycling the solid particles collected by the cyclone obliquely, the solid particles can be smoothly re-injection without stagnation.

본 발명에서는 비기계식 밸브를 사용하지 않고 하강관의 개선을 통하여 고체를 유동층 반응부로 직접 재주입시킬 수 있다. 이와 같이, 비기계식 밸브가 없기 때문에 별도의 주입기체가 필요하지 않아 동력비가 절감되고, 장치를 단순하게 제작할 수 있어 초기비용이 절감된다.In the present invention, the solid can be directly re-injected into the fluidized bed reaction unit by improving the downcomer without using a non-mechanical valve. As such, since there is no non-mechanical valve, a separate injection gas is not required, thereby reducing power costs and simplifying the apparatus, thereby reducing initial costs.

본 발명에서는 비기계식 밸브가 아닌 장치의 구조에 의해 제한이 형성되어 농후한 하강흐름이 형성되며, 일정 높이 이상의 입자층이 쌓일 경우 하강관에서 입자가 배출되어 하강관 내 입자의 양이 일정하게 유지될 수 있다.
In the present invention, the restriction is formed by the structure of the device rather than the non-mechanical valve to form a dense flow of descent, and when a layer of particles of more than a certain height is accumulated, the particles are discharged from the descent pipe to maintain a constant amount of particles in the descent pipe. Can be.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 하강관의 측면도이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 유동층 반응장치의 구성도이다.1 is a side view of the downcomer according to the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention.

이하, 첨부 도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 따라 배출구가 비스듬하게 잘린 하강관을 나타낸 것으로, 하강관(30)은 유입구(31)과 배출구(33)를 구비하는 관 형태로 이루어지며, 이때 배출구(33)는 경사진 절단면을 갖는다.1 is a view showing a down pipe cut out obliquely in accordance with the present invention, the down pipe 30 is made of a pipe shape having an inlet 31 and outlet 33, wherein the outlet 33 is inclined Has a cut surface.

하강관(30)은 후술하는 유동층 반응부(50)의 내부에 대략 수직으로 설치되며, 이때 배출구(33)의 절단면은 지면을 기준으로, 정확하게는 후술하는 제한부재(40)의 바닥판(41)과 평행한 가상의 수평면과 일정한 각도(θ)를 이루게 되는데, 이 각도는 30 내지 60°인 것이 바람직하다. 상기 각도범위보다 크거나 작으면, 고체입자가 정체되거나 고체입자의 재주입이 원활하지 않을 수 있다.The downcomer 30 is installed approximately vertically in the interior of the fluidized bed reaction unit 50, which will be described later, wherein the cut surface of the outlet 33 is based on the ground, and the bottom plate 41 of the limiting member 40, which will be described later, is precisely described below. It is to form a constant angle (θ) with an imaginary horizontal plane parallel to), it is preferable that the angle is 30 to 60 °. If greater than or less than the angular range, the solid particles may be stagnant or the reinjection of the solid particles may not be smooth.

하강관(30)의 배출구(33)를 비스듬하게 절단하여 제작함으로써, 고체입자가 정체되지 않고 재주입이 원활하게 이루어질 수 있다. 또한, 종래에는 길이가 긴 하강관을 사용하였으나, 본 발명에서는 배출구(33)의 경사구조에 의해 하강관(30)의 길이를 상대적으로 짧게 할 수 있는 이점이 있다.By making the outlet 33 of the downcomer 30 obliquely, the solid particles are not stagnant and can be smoothly re-injected. In addition, although the conventional long down pipe is used, the present invention has an advantage that the length of the down pipe 30 can be relatively short due to the inclined structure of the outlet 33.

하강관(30)의 유입구(31) 측 외주면에는 하강관(30)의 높이 조절을 위한 나사선(32)이 형성되며, 이 나사선(32)은 유동층 반응부(50)의 상단과 높이 조절 가능하도록 나사 결합된다.The outer circumferential surface of the inlet 31 side of the downcomer 30 is formed with a screw thread 32 for height adjustment of the downcomer 30, and the screw line 32 is capable of adjusting the top and height of the fluidized bed reaction part 50. Screwed together.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 하강관을 포함하는 유동층 반응장치의 구성도로서, 유동층 반응장치는 크게 상승관(10), 사이클론(20), 하강관(30), 제한부재(40), 유동층 반응부(50)로 구성된다.2 is a block diagram of a fluidized bed reaction apparatus including a downcomer according to the present invention, the fluidized bed reactor is largely the riser 10, the cyclone 20, the downcomer 30, the limiting member 40, the fluidized bed reaction It consists of a part 50.

상승관(10)은 유동층 반응부(50)와 사이클론(20) 사이에 설치되며, 높은 유속에서 조업된다. 고체입자는 유동층 반응부(50)를 지나 높은 유속에서 조업되는 상승관(10)에서 주입기체와 반응을 일으키게 된다.The riser 10 is installed between the fluidized bed reaction part 50 and the cyclone 20 and is operated at a high flow rate. The solid particles are caused to react with the injection gas in the riser 10 which is operated at a high flow rate through the fluidized bed reaction part 50.

사이클론(20)은 상승관(10)에서 비산되는 고체입자가 기체와 분리되는 곳으로서, 하부에는 하강관(30)에 삽입되는 배출관(21)이 장착된다.The cyclone 20 is a place where the solid particles scattered from the rising pipe 10 are separated from the gas, and the discharge pipe 21 is inserted into the lower pipe 30 at the lower portion thereof.

유동층 반응부(50)는 실질적인 유동층 반응기로서, 유동층에 의한 유동화 반응이 일어난다. 유동층 반응부(50)에서는 예를 들어 메탄과 같은 천연가스를 이용하여 고순도의 수소를 생산하기 위한 반응이 일어날 수 있다.The fluidized bed reaction unit 50 is a substantially fluidized bed reactor, in which a fluidized reaction by the fluidized bed occurs. In the fluidized bed reaction unit 50, for example, a reaction for producing high purity hydrogen using natural gas such as methane may occur.

본 발명에 따른 유동층 반응장치의 고체입자 재순환부는 하강관(30) 및 제한부재(40)로 구성된다. 고체입자는 예를 들어 지르코니아와 같은 세라믹 입자 등을 포함할 수 있다.The solid particle recirculation unit of the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention includes a downcomer 30 and a limiting member 40. Solid particles may include, for example, ceramic particles such as zirconia, and the like.

하강관(30)은 그 상부에 형성된 나사선(32)을 통해 유동층 반응부(50)의 상단과 높이 조절 가능하도록 나사 결합되며, 사이클론(20) 하단에 삽관 후 하강관(30)을 돌려줌으로써 높이를 조절할 수 있다.The downcomer 30 is screwed so that the height and height of the fluidized bed reaction part 50 can be adjusted through a screw thread 32 formed at an upper portion thereof, and the height of the downcomer 30 is then lowered by rotating the downcomer 30. Can be adjusted.

하강관(30)과 사이클론(20)을 직접 연결할 경우 하강관(30)의 높이 조절이 어렵게 되므로, 사이클론(20)의 하부 배출관(21)이 하강관(30) 내부에 삽입되도록 설치한다. 이러한 연결구조는 열팽창 등도 고려한 것이다. 또한, 하강관(30)의 유입구(31)와 사이클론(20)의 배출관(21)은 밀봉 가능하게 결합된다.When directly connecting the downcomer 30 and the cyclone 20, it is difficult to adjust the height of the downcomer 30, the lower discharge pipe 21 of the cyclone 20 is installed to be inserted into the downcomer (30). This connection structure also takes into account thermal expansion. In addition, the inlet 31 of the downcomer 30 and the outlet 21 of the cyclone 20 are sealably coupled.

배출구(33)를 비스듬하게 자른 형태의 하강관(30)을 사용하면, 비기계식 밸브 없이 하강관(30)의 하부에 제한을 걸어주어 농후한 고체의 하강흐름 형태로 조업이 가능하다.When the downcomer 30 is cut obliquely to the outlet 33, it is possible to operate in the form of a dense solid downflow by placing a restriction on the lower part of the downcomer 30 without a non-mechanical valve.

제한부재(40)는 바닥판(41) 및 이로부터 대략 상향 수직으로 연장되는 측벽(42)을 포함하는 일종의 저장조 형태로 구성된다. 도면에서는 유동층 반응부(50)의 측벽(51)이 제한부재(40)의 한쪽 측벽을 형성하고 있으나, 이와 다르게 제한부재(40)는 유동층 반응부(50)의 측벽(51)과 이격되어 독립적으로 형성될 수도 있다.Restriction member 40 is configured in the form of a reservoir containing a bottom plate 41 and a side wall 42 extending substantially vertically therefrom. In the drawing, the side wall 51 of the fluidized bed reaction part 50 forms one side wall of the limiting member 40. Alternatively, the limiting member 40 is spaced apart from the side wall 51 of the fluidized bed reaction part 50. It may be formed as.

제한부재(40)는 하강관(30)의 하부에 설치되어 고체입자의 흐름에 제한을 걸어주는 역할을 하며, 이에 따라 고체입자의 농후한 하강흐름이 형성될 수 있다.The limiting member 40 is installed at the lower portion of the downcomer 30 and acts to limit the flow of the solid particles, whereby a dense flow of solid particles can be formed.

안식각(θr)은 고체입자가 그 경사면을 유지할 수 있는 최대 경사각으로서, 고체입자의 종류에 따라 달라질 수 있다.The angle of repose (θr) is the maximum inclination angle at which the solid particles can maintain the inclined surface, and may vary according to the type of the solid particles.

본 발명에서 안식각(θr)은 제한부재(40)의 측벽(42) 상단(43)을 기준으로 하며, 측벽(42)의 상단(43)을 따라 연장되는 가상의 수평선 및, 측벽(42)의 상단(43)과 하강관(30)의 배출구(33) 상단(34)을 잇는 연장선이 이루는 각도로 볼 수 있다.In the present invention, the angle of repose (θr) is based on the upper side 43 of the side wall 42 of the restricting member 40, and the imaginary horizontal line extending along the upper side 43 of the side wall 42 and the side wall 42. It can be seen at an angle formed by an extension line connecting the upper end 43 and the upper end 34 of the outlet 33 of the downcomer (30).

고체입자는 상승관(10)을 거쳐 사이클론(20)에서 포집된 후, 하강관(30)을 통하여 하강하게 되며, 제한부재(40)에 쌓이게 된다. 고체입자가 일정 높이 이상, 즉 제한부재(40)의 측벽(42) 높이 이상으로 쌓이게 되면, 안식각(θr)을 형성하게 되고, 이 상태에서 고체입자가 더 쌓여 안식각(θr)을 초과하게 되면, 흘러 넘쳐서 유동층 반응부(50)로 재주입된다.After the solid particles are collected in the cyclone 20 via the rising pipe 10, the solid particles are lowered through the falling pipe 30 and accumulated in the limiting member 40. When the solid particles are accumulated at a predetermined height or more, that is, the height of the side wall 42 of the limiting member 40, the angle of repose (θr) is formed, and in this state, when the solid particles accumulate more and exceed the angle of repose (θr), It overflows and is re-injected into the fluidized bed reaction part 50.

고체입자의 안식각(θr)에 따라 하강관 배출구(33)의 높이를 조절할 수 있으며, 구체적으로 안식각(θr)이 큰 고체입자일 경우 하강관(30)을 올려서 배출구(33)의 높이를 높게 하고, 반대로 안식각(θr)이 작은 고체입자일 경우 하강관(30)을 내려서 배출구(33)의 높이를 낮게 한다. 이와 같이, 고체입자에 따라 하강관(30)의 높이를 조절함으로써 입자의 원활한 재주입이 가능하다.The height of the downcomer outlet 33 can be adjusted according to the angle of repose (θr) of the solid particles. Specifically, in the case of solid particles having a large angle of repose (θr), the height of the outlet 33 is increased by raising the downcomer 30. On the contrary, when the angle of repose (θr) is a small solid particle, the height of the outlet 33 is lowered by lowering the downcomer 30. As such, by adjusting the height of the downcomer 30 according to the solid particles, smooth reinjection of the particles is possible.

상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에서는 비기계식 밸브를 사용하지 않고 하강관의 구조 개선을 통하여 고체를 유동층 반응부로 직접 재주입시킬 수 있으며, 비기계식 밸브를 사용하지 않음에 따라 별도의 주입기체가 필요 없어 동력비가 절감되고, 장치를 단순하게 제작할 수 있어 초기비용이 절감된다. 또한, 비기계식 밸브가 아닌 구조에 의해 제한이 형성되어 농후한 하강흐름이 형성되며, 일정 높이 이상의 입자층이 쌓일 경우 하강관에서 입자가 배출되어 하강관 내 입자의 양이 일정하게 유지될 수 있다.
As described above, in the present invention, the solid can be directly re-injected into the fluidized bed reaction unit without improving the structure of the downcomer without using a non-mechanical valve, and there is no need for a separate injection gas because the non-mechanical valve is not used. Power costs are reduced, and the device is simple to manufacture, which saves on initial costs. In addition, the restriction is formed by the structure other than the non-mechanical valve to form a thick descent flow, when the particle layer of a certain height or more is accumulated, the particles are discharged from the downcoming pipe can be kept constant the amount of particles in the downcoming pipe.

10: 상승관
20: 사이클론
21: 배출관
30: 하강관
31: 유입구
32: 나사선
33: 배출구
34: 배출구 상단
40: 제한부재
41: 바닥판
42: 측벽
43: 측벽 상단
50: 유동층 반응부
51: 유동층 반응부 측벽10: riser
20: Cyclone
21: discharge pipe
30: downcomer
31: inlet
32: thread
33: outlet
34: Top of outlet
40: limiting member
41: bottom plate
42: sidewall
43: top of sidewall
50: fluidized bed reaction part
51: fluidized bed reaction part side wall

Claims (9)

삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 유동층 반응부;
유동층 반응부와 상승관을 통해 연결되어 유입되는 고체입자와 기체를 분리하는 사이클론;
유입구와 경사진 절단면을 갖는 배출구를 구비하는 관 형태로 이루어지고, 사이클론과 연결되면서 유동층 반응부의 내부에 설치되어 사이클론에서 분리된 고체입자를 유동층 반응부로 재순환시키는 하강관; 및
바닥판과 측벽을 포함하는 저장조 형태로 구성되고, 하강관의 하부에 설치되어 고체입자의 흐름에 제한을 걸어주는 제한부재를 포함하며,
하강관의 상부는 유동층 반응부의 상단과 높이 조절 가능하게 나사 결합되고,
하강관 배출구의 높이는 고체입자의 안식각에 따라 조절되며,
고체입자는 제한부재에 쌓이다가 안식각을 초과할 경우 유동층 반응부로 재주입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유동층 반응장치.
Fluidized bed reaction unit;
A cyclone connected through a fluidized bed reaction unit and a riser to separate solid particles and gas introduced therethrough;
A down pipe made of a pipe shape having an inlet and an outlet having an inclined cutting surface, and connected to a cyclone to be installed inside the fluidized bed reaction part to recycle solid particles separated from the cyclone to the fluidized bed reaction part; And
It is configured in the form of a reservoir including a bottom plate and a side wall, and includes a restriction member installed in the lower portion of the downcomer to limit the flow of solid particles,
The top of the downcomer is screwed to the height adjustable with the top of the fluidized bed reaction section,
The height of the downcomer outlet is adjusted according to the angle of repose of the solid particles.
Fluidized bed reactor characterized in that the solid particles are accumulated in the limiting member and is re-injected into the fluidized bed reaction section when the angle of repose exceeds.
제4항에 있어서,
사이클론은 하부로 연장되는 배출관을 구비하고, 배출관은 하강관의 내부에 삽입되는 것을 특징으로 하는 유동층 반응장치.
5. The method of claim 4,
The cyclone has a discharge pipe extending downward, the discharge pipe is characterized in that the discharge pipe is inserted into the interior of the downcomer.
삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete 삭제delete
KR1020110036347A 2011-04-19 2011-04-19 Dipleg and fluidized bed reacting apparatus KR101267225B1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4446107A (en) 1982-05-26 1984-05-01 Mobil Oil Corporation Improved FCC vessel and cyclone apparatus
US6569317B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2003-05-27 Shell Oil Company Trickle valve

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4446107A (en) 1982-05-26 1984-05-01 Mobil Oil Corporation Improved FCC vessel and cyclone apparatus
US6569317B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2003-05-27 Shell Oil Company Trickle valve

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