KR101265754B1 - optical waveguide device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an optical waveguide device, wherein the optical waveguide device of the present invention comprises a substrate; A main light path and a branch light path formed on the substrate to transmit an optical signal; A splitter unit disposed at a branch position of the branch light path on the main light path to branch the optical signal; And an amplifier disposed on the main light path to amplify the optical signal. The optical waveguide device according to the present invention has an advantage of facilitating the implementation of a product having a low cost, high efficiency, and small optical waveguide device by using a splitter part for branching an optical signal and an amplifier part for amplifying the optical signal.

Description

Optical waveguide device {OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE DEVICE}

The present invention relates to an optical waveguide device, and more particularly, to a planar optical waveguide device.

Various digital devices, including computer systems, consist of numerous components, such as processors and memory. The method of connecting these components can be largely divided into a point-to-point method and a multi-drop bus method.

When connecting three or more components in the point-to-point method, a method of connecting all components directly (network), daisy chaining each of them, and using a central switch may be used. Applicable

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fully connected network in which all components are directly connected. This approach has the advantage of allowing a single hop between all components.

However, in this case, since a port for connecting all the different components for each component is required for each pair of components, the complexity of the implementation increases as the number of components increases.

In addition, because the bandwidth available to one component is fixed, in this case, the port width of each port is inversely proportional to the number of components, so the communication performance is reduced when frequent communication between the two components occurs. A situation of deterioration occurs.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a daisy chain of each component. In the case of Figure 2 because one component is directly connected only to a small number (usually two) of the adjacent component has the advantage of high bandwidth of each port. An example of this approach is Fully buffered DIMM.

However, in the case of FIG. 2, when the two components 201 and 204 to exchange data are far apart, that is, the two components 201 and 204 are not directly connected, and the other components 202, In the case where 203 is present, overhead caused by passing through these intermediate components 202 and 203 has a disadvantage in that communication latency is long and energy consumption is increased.

3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of using a central switch. In this case, since only one central switch 306 is required for communication between the components 301 to 305, there is no significant difference from the case where the delay time is directly connected and the bandwidth of each port is high. An example of this approach is PCI Express. However, the scheme of FIG. 3 has a disadvantage in that the design of the central switch is complicated as the number of components increases.

The multi-branch bus method refers to connecting several components to a set of communication lines. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating such a multi-branch bus scheme. In the multi-branch bus method, since each of the components 401 to 403 has only one bidirectional port, and there is no central switch, a large number of components can be simply connected, and a high bandwidth is required for communication between the two components. There is an advantage that can be secured.

Because of these advantages, the multi-branch bus method has been widely used in many digital device fields such as computer systems, and representative examples thereof include processor-memory interconnects and peripheral device interconnects.

However, in the multi-branch bus method, due to the characteristics of the electric wire used as a communication line, when a large number of components are connected to one wire, communication signals reflected by impedance mismatches act as noise, causing communication system to fail. Degrading the channel characteristics of the available bandwidth has a disadvantage that is limited to less than 1 Gbps.

On the other hand, in the point-to-point connection method, the channel characteristics are relatively good, and the development of an equalizing technology that minimizes side noise and inter-signal interference is applicable to bandwidths of 10 Gbps or more. In devices, point-to-point connections tend to be preferred.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-performance, high-efficiency optical waveguide device that is simple in design and implementation, no degradation of available bandwidth, and low signal loss, even though the number of components increases. The purpose.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a substrate; A main optical path and a branch optical path formed on a substrate to transmit an optical signal; A splitter unit disposed at a branch position of the branch light path on the main light path to branch an optical signal; And an amplifier disposed on the main optical path to amplify the optical signal.

In an optical waveguide device according to the present invention, the optical waveguide device includes a plurality of splitter parts including a first splitter part and a second splitter part, and an amplifying part is disposed between the first splitter part and the second splitter part in the optical waveguide device according to the present invention. Can be deployed.

The optical waveguide device according to the present invention may further include a light emitting part for generating an optical signal. In the optical waveguide device according to the present invention, the amplifying part may be disposed between the light emitting part and the splitter part.

In the optical waveguide device according to the present invention, the amplifying unit may be made of a polymer material combined with a light collecting material.

The optical waveguide device of the present invention as described above uses optical waveguides to transmit optical signals, unlike the case in which wires are used. Therefore, there is no degradation of available bandwidth due to impedance mismatch and loss of signal due to waveguide ( Low signal loss has the advantage of enabling high performance, high efficiency multi-branch bus.

In addition, since the optical waveguide device of the present invention utilizes an amplifier for amplifying an optical signal, complexity of an optical communication component is alleviated and an efficiency of optical power of the optical communication component is increased.

In addition, even if the number of optical communication components is increased, a low cost, high efficiency modular optical communication processor-memory interface can be relatively easily designed and implemented.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of directly connecting all conventional components.
2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of connecting each conventional component in a chain.
3 is a schematic diagram showing a method of using a conventional center switch.
4 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional multi-branch bus scheme.
FIG. 5 is a view schematically illustrating some structures of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a view briefly illustrating some structures of an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
7 to 9 are plan views illustrating an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a view for explaining an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment that does not use an amplifier.
11 and 12 are plan views illustrating an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
13 is a view showing an optical signal amplification principle of the amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, Is provided to fully inform the user. In addition, for convenience of explanation, components may be exaggerated or reduced in size. In addition, it should be noted that the same components in the drawings may be represented by the same reference numerals and symbols even though they are shown in different drawings. In addition, in describing the embodiments of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related known function or configuration may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

First, the structure of the optical waveguide device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6.

In FIG. 5, an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 501 and a core 502 formed of a core material on the substrate 501. The core 502 corresponds to an optical path that is a path through which an optical signal is transmitted. In FIG. 5, both side surfaces and an upper portion of the core 502 in the transverse direction are surrounded by air.

In FIG. 6, an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 601, a core 602 formed of a core material on the substrate 601, and a cladding 603 formed of a cladding material.

In FIG. 6, the cladding 603 is shown to surround the periphery of the core 602, that is, to be disposed on both transverse sides of the core 602, but the cladding 603 is wrapped to the top of the core 602. It is also possible to form and arrange.

In FIGS. 5 and 6, the optical waveguide device has a core due to a refractive index difference between the material constituting the cores 502 and 602 and the surrounding material, that is, the air in FIG. 5 and the cladding 603 and / or air in FIG. 6. (502, 602) The phenomenon in which internal reflection occurs is used. By this phenomenon, the cores 502 and 602 become optical paths through which optical signals are transmitted.

That is, in the present invention, the optical path refers to a structure capable of guiding an optical signal. An optical signal refers to a signal traveling along an optical path by an internal reflection phenomenon due to a difference in refractive index between two materials, and includes an electromagnetic wave corresponding to an optical frequency region.

7 is a plan view showing an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The main optical path 702 and the branch optical path 703 are formed on the substrate in a path through which the optical signal is transmitted.

In FIG. 7, the optical signal proceeds along the direction of the arrow. Among the optical signals, the main light signal 71 proceeds in the direction of the arrow along the main light path 702, and the branch light signal 72 is branched from the main light signal 71 at the branching position and moves along the branch light path 703 in the direction of the arrow. Proceeds.

In the present specification, the optical signal is described as traveling in an arrow direction for convenience, but the arrow direction means an approximate traveling direction of the signal, and the detailed traveling direction of the actual optical signal may not exactly coincide with this.

The splitter 701 reflects a part of the optical signal incident on the splitter 701 and passes a part thereof. That is, the splitter unit 701 divides the main light signal 71 so that a part becomes the branch light signal 72 so as to be reflected in the direction of the branch light path 703, and a part of the splitter part 701 continues along the direction of the main light path 702. do. In this way, the splitter 701 for branching the optical signal is disposed at the branch position on the main light path 702.

The splitter 701 may use a material having a refractive index lower than that of a core forming an optical path or use a partially reflective mirror to reflect a portion of the optical signal and transmit a portion thereof, and the splitter 701 may be formed of air. It may be.

The amplifier 704 amplifies and outputs the intensity of the input optical signal. The amplifier 704 is disposed on the main light path 702 to amplify the optical signal input to the amplifier 704 to output an optical signal amplified in the direction of the arrow.

8 is a plan view showing an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the optical waveguide device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of splitters including a first splitter portion 7011 and a second splitter portion 7022, and the amplifier 704 includes a first splitter portion. It may be arranged between the splitter portion 7011 and the second splitter portion 7022. The optical waveguide device may include a plurality of branching paths including a first branching path 721 and a second branching path. The number of branching paths is usually equal to the number of splitter portions.

In FIG. 8, some of the main light signals 71 traveling along the main light path 702 and incident on the first splitter part 7011 become the first branch light signal 721 reflected by the first splitter part 7011. The main light signal 71 which travels in the direction of the first branch optical path 7031 and is not reflected is input to the amplifier 704.

The amplifier 704 amplifies and outputs the intensity of the input main light signal 71 so that the main light signal 71 continues in the direction of the arrow along the main light path 702.

After being amplified by the amplifier 704, the second branched light reflected by the second splitter unit 7022 is partially reflected by the second light splitter unit 7022 while traveling along the main path 702 and entering the second splitter unit 7012. A signal 722 proceeds toward the second branch optical path 7032, and the unreflected main light signal 71 travels along the main optical path 702.

In FIG. 8, the physical properties of the refractive index and the dielectric constant of the first splitter portion 7011 and the second splitter portion 7022 or the type, size, and reflection angle of the material may be the same as or different from each other. Those skilled in the art can freely select as needed.

9 is a plan view showing an optical waveguide device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the optical waveguide device further includes a light emitting part 901 for generating an optical signal, and the amplifying part 704 is disposed between the light emitting part and the splitter part 701. Can be.

The light emitter 901 generates an optical signal that can be transmitted along the optical paths 702 and 703. An example of the light emitting unit 901 is an electro-optical converter (E / 0 converter) for converting electrical data into an optical signal.

In FIG. 9, the main light signal 71 generated by the light emitter 901 travels along the main light path 702 in the direction of the arrow and is input to the amplifier 704.

The amplifier 704 amplifies and outputs the intensity of the input main light signal 71 so that the main light signal 71 continues in the direction of the arrow along the main light path 702.

After being amplified by the amplifying unit 704, some of the main light signals 71 traveling along the main path 702 and incident on the splitter unit 701 become the branched light signal 72 reflected by the splitter unit 701. Proceeding in the direction of the branch light path 703, the unreflected main light signal 71 travels along the main light path 702.

According to the embodiment of FIG. 9, since the amplifier 704 is disposed between the light emitter 901 and the splitter 701, it is possible to use the light emitter 901 that generates the main light signal 71 having a lower intensity. There is an advantage.

For example, in FIG. 9, it is assumed that the splitter 701 diverges 1/2 of the main light signals incident on the splitter 701 and transmits 1/2, and the intensity of the split light signal 72 should be 100 μW. .

Under this assumption, if there is no amplifier 704 between the light emitter 901 and the splitter 701, the light emitter 901 should generate the main light signal 71 having an intensity of 200 µW. However, as shown in FIG. 9, if the amplifier 704 is positioned between the light emitter 901 and the splitter 701, even if the intensity of the main light signal 71 generated by the light emitter 901 is less than 200 μW, proper light amplification is achieved. If the amplifier 704 having the performance is selected, the intensity of the main light signal 71 incident on the splitter 701 can be designed to be 200 µW.

On the other hand, a method of using a Y-shaped branched light path instead of the splitter 701 of the present invention to branch the optical signal can be considered. That is, when branching a single optical signal traveling along an optical path and sending it in various directions, branching the receiving optical path into the Y-shape, and branching the receiving end of the branched optical path back into the Y-shape, The optical path is branched until the number of branch light signals is made.

As such, when using the branching method using the Y-shaped branch without the splitter unit 701, the area and / or volume of the optical waveguide device may be enlarged. Particularly, in view of the trend of increasing integration and miniaturization of various digital devices including integrated circuits, such a problem that the area and / or volume is enlarged is a fatal drawback, using the splitter unit 701 as in the present invention. It is preferable to branch the optical signal.

In connection with the present invention, a method of implementing an optical waveguide device including one or more splitters 701 without an amplifier 704 may be considered.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the main light signal 71 passes through a plurality of splitters 701 without an optical signal being amplified by the amplifier, and each splitter 701 has several branched lights from the main light signal path 71. Signal 72 may be branched.

In the example of FIG. 10, it is assumed that the intensity of the branch light signals 72 is equal to 100 μW, and that the intensity of the main light signal 71 incident on the leftmost splitter 701 is 800 μW. In this case, the intensity of the main light signal 71 is 700 μW, 600 μW, 500 μW, and 400 μW as the intensity of the optical signal decreases by 100 μW each time it passes through the splitter 701.

However, the optical waveguide device which does not use the amplifying unit 704 has the following problems.

The first problem is that the plurality of splitters 701 must be designed and manufactured to have different characteristics. In the example of FIG. 10, the left-most splitter 701 has to split the 1/8 optical signal and transmit the 7/8 optical signal. In addition, the second splitter 701 on the left side has to split the optical signal of 1/7 and transmit the optical signal of 6/7. On the right side, the second splitter unit 701 has to split the optical signal of 1/6 and transmit the optical signal of 5/6.

As such, each splitter 701 should have a different transmittance or reflectivity. To this end, when the splitter unit 701 is formed of different materials or has different sizes or thicknesses or the splitter unit 701 is a reflective mirror, the reflection angle is set differently from the splitter unit 701. Should be.

That is, the plurality of splitters 701 must be designed and manufactured to have different branching characteristics according to the position or number of branches. This leads to an increase in the complexity of manufacturing the optical waveguide device, making it difficult to mass-produce the product, leading to an increase in manufacturing period and manufacturing cost.

The second problem is that the efficiency related to the optical power is inferior. When designing a system with N modules receiving optical signals, a module transmitting optical signals should generate an optical signal having a power enough to receive the optical signals. .

In practice, however, fewer than N optical signal receiving modules may be populated when necessary in the manufacture of digital devices. In this case, the module for transmitting the optical signal may generate an optical signal with an unnecessary large intensity. Even if the optical signal output level of the module transmitting the optical signal can be adjusted, some of the maximum output level may be unnecessary.

In the example of FIG. 10, assuming that the maximum intensity of the main light signal generated by the module (not shown) transmitting the optical signal is 800 μW, up to 8 modules receiving the optical signal having the intensity of 100 μW may be provided on the side of the branch light path. Can be mounted.

However, when the optical waveguide device is actually applied, some of the 800 μW may be unnecessary when only 6 or 7 modules are required to receive the optical signal, depending on the application. In addition, if the number of modules for receiving the optical signal required according to the application exceeds 8, the optical signal generating module having an output intensity exceeding 800μW should be manufactured.

In order to generate an optical signal having a large intensity, the size of the optical signal generating module becomes large or the design becomes complicated, and the manufacturing cost and the price of the product are increased, which depends on the number of modules receiving the optical signal. Considering the fact that the optical signal generating module having the output strength is selected, the generality and the scalability are poor, it is inappropriate to apply the branch circuit to the multiple optical signal receiving modules without using the amplifier 704. can do.

However, when the amplifying unit 704 is used as in the present invention, the splitter unit 701 can be unified, thereby reducing the complexity of manufacturing the optical waveguide device and forcibly outputting the optical signal in terms of the module for transmitting the optical signal. Since there is no need to increase the efficiency, the efficiency associated with the output strength of the optical signal is increased, and the design can be easily extended even if the number of modules receiving the optical signal is increased or decreased.

11 is a plan view illustrating an optical waveguide device including a splitter 701 and an amplifier 704 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the advantages of the present invention using the amplification unit 704 mentioned above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 11.

In the example of FIG. 11, the intensity of the main light signal 71 generated by the module (not shown) generating the optical signal is 200 μW, the intensity of the branch light signals 72 is 100 μW, and the amplifying unit 704 is input. It is assumed that the intensity of the received optical signal is doubled.

In FIG. 11, a part of the main light signal 71 incident to the left-most splitter 701 is branched into a branch light signal having a intensity of 100 μW in the direction of the branch light path 72, and the intensity of the remaining main light signal 71 is Reduced to 100μW. The amplifier 704 on the left side amplifies the intensity of the main light signal 71 twice and outputs it to the right side.

The main light signal 71 having a 200 μW intensity output from the left amplification unit 704 is incident on the second splitter 701 from the left side, and is also branched into a branch light signal having a intensity of 100 μW, and the intensity of the remaining main light signal is Reduced to 100μW.

Using the amplifying unit 704 as described above, even if the number of splitters 701 increases, the splitters 701 are manufactured and mounted so as to have uniform performance without changing dielectric constant, reflectance, reflecting angle, etc. according to their arrangement position. There is an advantage that can be. In the example of FIG. 11, the splitter 701 has a characteristic of splitting 1/2 of the optical signals and transmitting 1/2 of the optical signals regardless of the arrangement position.

In the case of a module (not shown) generating an optical signal, it is not necessary to increase the output strength of the optical signal forcibly, so that the complexity of the module design may be alleviated, the power consumption and price of the product may be lowered, and the size may be reduced.

In addition, even if the number of modules (not shown) for receiving the optical signal is changed, the module (not shown) for generating the optical signal may generate the main light signal 71 having a low level of a certain level, and if necessary, the amplifier 704. The number may be changed.

That is, in the example of FIG. 11, as the number of branch optical paths 72 increases, the amplifier 704 may be additionally disposed, thereby increasing the expandability and ease of module and product design.

12 is a plan view showing an optical waveguide device including two kinds of splitter parts 1201 and 1202 in another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 12, the first and third splitter parts 1201 on the left side branch one third of the incident optical signal and transmit two thirds. In addition, the second and fourth splitter parts 1202 on the left branch half of the incident optical signal and transmit half of it.

As described above, the splitters 1201 and 1202 disposed on the left and right sides of the amplifier 704 may have the same physical characteristics as the refractive index, the dielectric constant, the reflectance, or the like, the size, the reflection angle, or the like. These can be freely selected by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the type and number of splitters and amplification units are properly selected and connected in series, only a small amount of power is required in the optical signal generation module while changing the number of branched light paths flexibly. Therefore, the efficiency of the entire system to which the optical waveguide device according to the present invention is applied can be increased.

In the optical waveguide device according to the present invention, unlike the conventional multi-branch bus method using an electric wire, the optical waveguide is applied to the multi-branch bus method, and thus there is no degradation of the available bandwidth due to impedance mismatch and the waveguide path is reduced. Low signal loss allows the design and implementation of high-performance, high-efficiency multi-branch bus architectures.

The optical waveguide device according to the present invention can be applied to multi-branch bus schemes of various computer systems including processor-memory interconnects and peripheral device interconnects.

In the case of applying the optical waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention, a transmitter to generate and transmit a signal may include a direct modulator or a light source and a separate modulator (electrical-to-optical). It may be configured as a converter, the receiver may be configured as an optical-to-electrical (O / E) converter as a photo detector, and as a light source, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL). Etc. may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the optical waveguide according to the present invention, an optical fiber or a hollow metal may be used. In particular, when fiber-to-chip communication, which connects a fixed computer component attached to a PCB board to an optical waveguide, especially a multi-branch bus method that requires a large number of splitters, is needed, It may be appropriate to use a cavity metal in the optical waveguide because problems such as a manufacturing process and communication quality deterioration are caused, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, the optical waveguide may be an insulator optical waveguide made of an insulator material or a metallic waveguide made of metal.

The optical waveguide device according to the present invention may be made based on an inorganic material such as silica constituting an optical fiber and a compound semiconductor which is a main material of an optical integrated circuit, and the amplifier 704 may absorb and emit light to the inorganic material. It can be made by injecting the substance present. Representative examples include Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) and Erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers (EDWA) using Er ions.

In addition, the optical waveguide device according to the present invention may be made using a polymer material as a main material instead of an inorganic material. Compared to inorganic materials, polymer materials have the following advantages. Firstly, polymer thin films can be easily formed on various kinds of substrates. Secondly, photolithography, embossing, molding, laser ablation, etc. are used. Patterning can be done at low cost. Third, polymer materials having various materials and structures can be synthesized, thereby controlling physical and chemical characteristics of the polymer materials.

Because of these advantages, optical waveguides based on polymeric materials can be easily applied to on-board and chip-to-chip optical interconnects.

13 is a view schematically showing the principle of amplification of the amplifier 704 according to the present invention. Hereinafter, the principle of amplifying the optical signal by the amplifier 704 according to the present invention will be described briefly.

When an additional excitation light is incident to the amplifier 704 in addition to the optical signal, the optical amplification molecules included in the amplification unit 704 absorb the excitation light, and the light energy of the absorbed excitation light is the center of the optical amplification molecule. It will move to the atom lying in. The excited atoms enable stimulated emission of signal photons, and the amplifier 704 amplifies and outputs the intensity of the input optical signal.

The polymeric material can act as a host that can be mixed well with light-harvesting materials using various monomolecular materials. Examples of monomolecular substances include porphyrin-based complex compounds and dendrimer-type complex compounds.

The amplifying unit 704 according to the present invention may be made of a polymer material combined with a light collecting material using this property of the polymer material. That is, the amplification unit 704 using the polymer material mixed with the light converging material as a material can expect greater amplification performance than Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and Erbium-doped waveguide amplifier (EDWA) using Er ions.

The amplifier 704 may be configured as a separate circuit separate from the optical path, or may be formed integrally with the optical path. When the amplifier 704 is integrally formed with the optical path, the amplifier 704 may be a part for injecting excitation light into a portion where the light converging material is doped in addition to the optical path. That is, the amplifier 704 may amplify the optical signal by absorbing the excitation light incident on the light collecting material doped over the entire portion or part of the optical path.

The light collecting material may be Er or various monomolecular materials. Such light collecting materials may be evenly doped throughout the light path, or selectively doped into a portion of the light path.

When the light converging material is uniformly doped over the entire optical path, the designer of the optical waveguide device according to the present invention may freely select a position where the excitation light is incident and arrange an amplifier. In the case where the light collecting material is selectively doped in a part of the optical path, an amplification part is disposed in this part and the excitation light should be incident on this part. Such excitation light refers to light incident to provide energy for amplifying an optical signal.

If the optical path is formed on the basis of the polymer material, that is, when the optical path is made of the polymer material, the amplification unit may be disposed at a portion doped with the light collecting material on the polymer material.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. It is clear to those who have knowledge of. Therefore, such modifications or variations will have to belong to the protection scope of the invention described in the claims of the present invention.

Particularly, in the drawings related to the above-described embodiments, the angle formed by the main light path and the branch light path and the reflection angle by the splitter are shown as 90 °, but this is for convenience of description and the present invention is not limited thereto. It is obvious that all implementations of the above-mentioned angles within the scope of not impairing the gist of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

Board;
A light emitting unit which is an electro-optical converter for generating an optical signal;
A main light path and a branch light path formed on the substrate to which the optical signal is transmitted;
A splitter unit disposed between the amplifying unit and the amplifying unit adjacent to the amplifying unit, the splitter unit being provided on the main optical path to branch the optical signal; And
And amplifying parts disposed on the main light paths, each amplifying the optical signal with the same intensity, and comprising an amplifying part made of a polymer material mixed with a light converging material which can be selectively doped in whole or in part of the main light path.
The amplifying unit is formed integrally with the main light path and disposed in a portion doped with the light collecting material to absorb the excitation light incident on the light collecting material to amplify the optical signal.
The splitter unit has a uniform refractive index, dielectric constant, and physical properties of reflectance, and the type, size, and reflection angle of the material are uniform, and the intensity of the main light signal reduced by the branch light signal while passing through the splitter unit installed at each branch point is an optical signal receiving module At least one splitter unit is disposed to have a strength sufficient to receive the split light signal,
The optical waveguide of the optical signal may be formed using on-board or chip-to-chip optical interconnects using optical fiber or hollow metal. ), Which is an insulator optical waveguide or metallic waveguide. delete delete delete delete

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