KR101265303B1 - Apparatus and method for determining the position - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radio positioning method and apparatus thereof.

The wireless positioning apparatus includes a measuring unit measuring a propagation delay tap of a signal received through a channel from a transmitter, an extractor extracting delay spread information having a plurality of types based on the propagation delay tap, and a transmission / reception based on the delay spread information. Acquisition and calculating unit for obtaining the distance, and calculates the position of the receiving side based on the obtained distance between the transmission and reception.

As a result, the present invention can perform radio positioning using delay spread, thereby improving the accuracy of radio positioning, thereby providing more accurate radio positioning information.

Wireless positioning, delay spread, downlink, uplink

Description

Apparatus and method for determining the position

The present invention relates to a radio positioning method and apparatus thereof. In particular, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for wireless positioning using delay spreading.

The present invention is derived from the research conducted as part of the IT growth engine technology development project of the Ministry of Knowledge Economy and the Ministry of Information and Communication Research and Development. [Task management number: 2008-S-001-01, Task name: Securing WiBro network reliability and location recognition Technology development].

The wireless positioning technology measures the position of a terminal in a satellite navigation system such as a global positioning system (GPS) or a wireless communication system such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) wireless local area network (WLAN), ultra wideband (UWB), and Bluetooth. As a technology, the field of use is expanding with the increasing demand for location information.

 GPS serves as a very accurate infrastructure, but there is a problem that does not cover the entire real life. Specifically, the first problem with GPS is that it cannot receive GPS signals in areas that are not visible to the line-of-sight ("LOS") in satellites, especially in most rooms. In the case of mobile phones, for example, mobile phones equipped with GPS receivers have a 25% chance of using GPS positioning. In order to overcome this, it is conceivable to retransmit the GPS signal on the ground. In this case, signal interference, near-far problem, and synchronization problem occur because the distance from the receiving node to the ground station and the distance from the receiving node to the satellite station are different and the ground station cannot be made expensive. The second problem is that only receiving nodes equipped with GPS receivers can receive the signal.

Therefore, techniques for wireless positioning in an environment where performance is lower than GPS positioning but GPS cannot be used have been studied. Even in an environment where GPS cannot be utilized, there are usually fixed transmitting or receiving sides that know the position in advance.

In the case of downlink radio positioning, a node that wants to know the position receives a signal from transmitting stations and uses the information to perform the positioning by the node directly or by sending information to the network.

Radio positioning methods other than downlink radio positioning include an Angle of Arrival (AOA), a Time of Arrival (TOA), a Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) method, and the like.

The AOA method uses the angle of the received signal, and there is a problem that the accuracy is much lower without the LOS.

The RSSI method uses a strength of a received signal and has a problem in that an error occurs largely due to shadowing and fast fading.

The TOA and TDOA methods use the time of the received signal, that is, the delay value, and are used relatively frequently compared to the AOA or RSSI methods. However, the transmission signals used in the TOA and TDOA methods are spread on the time axis through the wireless channel, and each spread delay tap has a relatively random size. Therefore, the predominant delay tap in size can be changed at every moment, which causes a problem in which time position is selected as the delay value, and has a disadvantage in that the precision is lost.

An object of the present invention is to provide a wireless positioning device and method that can improve the estimation performance of the positioning information of the terminal.

Wireless positioning method for measuring the position according to the features of the present invention for achieving the above object

Measuring, by a receiving terminal, a propagation delay tap of a signal received from a transmitting side through a channel; extracting delay spread information having a plurality of forms based on the propagation delay tap; Obtaining a distance, and calculating a position of a receiving side based on the obtained distance between the transmission and reception.

Wireless positioning device for measuring the position according to another feature of the present invention

A measuring unit measuring a propagation delay tap of a signal received from a transmitter through a channel, an extracting unit extracting a plurality of types of delay spread information based on the propagation delay tap, and a distance between transmission and reception based on the delay spread information And obtaining and calculating the position of the receiving side based on the obtained distance between the transmission and reception.

In addition, the wireless positioning method for measuring the position of the receiving side according to another feature of the present invention

Measuring a propagation delay tap of a signal received from a transmitting side through a channel by the receiving terminal, extracting delay spread information having a plurality of forms based on the propagation delay tap, and transmitting the delay spread information to the transmitting side And transmitting the result of calculating the distance between the transmission and reception corresponding to the delay spread information and the location of the receiving side.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, by performing wireless positioning using delay spread in a wireless system, it is possible to provide more accurate wireless positioning information by improving the precision of wireless positioning. In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the enhanced radio location information may lead to the activation of various location-based services later.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to "include" a certain component, it means that it can further include other components, except to exclude other components unless otherwise stated. In addition, the terms “… unit”, “… unit”, “… module” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. Can be.

In this specification, a terminal includes a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a subscriber station (SS), a portable subscriber station (PSS), a user equipment , An access terminal (UE), an access terminal (AT), and the like, and may include all or some of functions of a mobile station, a mobile terminal, a subscriber station, a mobile subscriber station, a user equipment,

In the present specification, a base station (BS) is an access point (AP), a radio access station (Radio Access Station, RAS), a node B (Node-B), an eNB (Evolved Node-B), a base transceiver station ( It may also refer to a base transceiver station (BTS), a mobile multihop relay (MMR) -BS, and the like, and may include all or a part of functions of an access point, a wireless access station, a node B, an eNB, a base transceiver station, an MMR-BS, and the like. It may be.

Hereinafter, a wireless positioning method and an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the wireless positioning method according to an embodiment of the present invention uses a delay spread of a signal received from a transmitting side through a channel. Here, the delay spread refers to a delayed time between the first received radio wave that has passed through different paths in the multi-path environment of the radio wave and the received radio wave reflected to the next other path. At this time, one of the receiving side and the transmitting side is often fixed while knowing the position in advance, and the other side is an object to measure the position.

The radio positioning method includes a downlink positioning method and an uplink positioning method.

Downlink positioning measures the position of the receiving side, and uplink positioning measures the position of the transmitting side. Uplink positioning and downlink positioning methods are similar in terms of obtaining delay spread information or calculating a position.

Specifically, in the case of downlink positioning, the receiving terminal, which is the target of positioning, acquires delay spread information so that the receiving terminal calculates the position directly or passes the information to the transmitting network.

In the case of uplink positioning, receiving terminals that know the position acquire delay spread information from the transmitting terminal, which is the target of positioning, and perform the position calculation directly in the receiving network or hand over the information to the transmitting terminal.

Hereinafter, the wireless positioning method and apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to both the downlink positioning and the uplink positioning, but the description is directed to downlink positioning, but is not limited thereto.

In general, the impulse response of a channel from each transmitting terminal that knows a location to a receiving terminal, which is a target of positioning, varies in time and spreads.

The method of positioning using the arrival time of the radio wave has a problem in which time position is regarded as the arrival time of the radio wave in the received signal having delay spread, and therefore, there is a limitation in accurately positioning using the arrival time of the radio wave. Here, the arrival time of the radio wave may be one of the position of the delay tap where the reception strength is the strongest, and the position of the delay tap that arrives earlier while exceeding the threshold.

The radio positioning method according to the embodiment of the present invention uses the distance estimation between the transmitting side and the receiving side (hereinafter referred to as "between transmission and reception") using delay spread of radio waves.

Next, the propagation delay corresponding to the distance between transmission and reception will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1A to 1B.

1A to 1B are diagrams illustrating a propagation delay corresponding to a distance between transmission and reception according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1A to 1B, when the distance between transmission and reception increases, each delay tap time is proportional to the distance, so the difference between the delay times also increases in proportion to the distance difference.

가 되어 지연 시각 차이도 2배로 늘어나게 되고, 지연 확산도 증가하게 된다. 그러나, 도 1a 및 도 1b에서 2개의 전파 경로의 상대적인 수신 전력 비는 두 거리의 비율의 경로감쇠계수(attenuation coefficient)(m)에 관계되므로

이 되어 변하지 않는다. 여기서, 경로감쇠계수(m)는 전파 경로에서 신호 전력의 감쇠 정도를 나타내는 계수. 전파 계수의 실수부이다. Specifically, if the distance is doubled

As a result, the delay time difference is also doubled, and the delay spread is also increased. However, since the relative received power ratios of the two propagation paths in Figs. 1A and 1B are related to the attenuation coefficient m of the ratio of the two distances,

This does not change. Here, the path attenuation coefficient (m) is a coefficient representing the degree of attenuation of the signal power in the propagation path. Real part of the propagation factor.

As described above, the distribution of the propagation delay taps may be enlarged or reduced in the time axis in proportion to the distance between the transmission and reception, and the distance information between the transmission and reception may be reversely obtained based on the distribution of the propagation delay taps.

That is, distance information between transmission and reception may be calculated based on a propagation delay tap distribution, and a message flow may be required for information transmission between transmission and reception according to which calculation subject is calculated.

In the case of downlink positioning, if a receiving terminal requiring positioning performs calculation from a directly received signal to a position calculation, there is no information to be transmitted in addition to the final position information, and even this may not be necessary. However, if the position calculation is performed in the network for complex and accurate calculation, the receiving terminal must transmit information about the entire distribution of the propagation delay tap or simplified delay spread to the network.

Next, the radio positioning apparatus will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

2 is a view showing a wireless positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the radio positioning apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is a receiving terminal using a downlink positioning method.

The downlink positioning method is a method in which a receiving terminal, which is a target of positioning, acquires delay spread information, calculates a location by directly calculating the position at the receiving side, or handing the information to a transmitting network, to calculate the positioning. Here, the radio positioning apparatus 10 is a terminal located on the receiving side, and measures the position of the receiving side.

Referring to FIG. 2, the wireless positioning device 10 includes a measuring unit 100, an extracting unit 200, an obtaining and calculating unit 300.

The measurement unit 100 measures a propagation delay tap. Herein, the distribution of the propagation delay taps is enlarged or reduced on the time axis in proportion to the distance between transmission and reception.

The extractor 200 extracts delay spread information based on the measured propagation delay tap.

Specifically, the extractor 200 extracts delay spread information having a plurality of forms in order to obtain distance information between transmission and reception from the distribution of the propagation delay taps. In this case, the plurality of forms include the following first to third scales.

(1) The first measure is higher than the noise power level and is a difference between the minimum delay value and the maximum delay value among delay taps having a threshold value or more in consideration of the average received signal strength.

(2) The second measure is the weighted root mean square (weighted RMS) value of the absolute delay values of the delay taps. The second measure must know the absolute time of the delay taps, which includes the constraint that the receiver must know the absolute time of the sender, as in the TOA environment.

(3) The third measure is the relative weighted standard deviation of the delay values of the delay taps.

이고, 각 지연 탭의 수신 전력이

일 때, 수학식 1 내지 수학식 3과 같다. The multiple measures have delay taps

And the received power of each delay tap

In Equation 1, Equations 1 to 3 are the same.

는 각각 잡음 전력 수준과 문턱값이다. here,

Are noise power levels and thresholds, respectively.

Where m is the weighted average of the delay tap times.

들의 서로 상대적인 시각값만 있어도 지연 확산 정보를 추출할 수 있다. 즉, 제2 척도는 각 송신측의 절대 시각을 수신측이 알아야 하지만, 제1 척도 및 제3 척도는 송신측과 수신측이 서로의 시각을 알 필요가 없으며, 송신측 단말들이 서로 동기화 되어 있을 필요도 없는 장점이 있다. When extracting delay spread information having a plurality of forms, the second scale requires an absolute time value, and the first scale and the third scale

Delay spread information can be extracted even if only their relative visual values are present. That is, the second measure should know the absolute time of each sender, but the first measure and the third measure do not need to know each other's time. There is no need for it.

The delay spread information extracted by the extractor 200 includes information elements (IEs). The IE has a form of {tap time stamp, tap value}, a matrix or a vector. The tap time stamp is the time information of the channel where valid power is detected when the propagation delay tap of the channel is measured, and represents the time information of the channel as a relative or absolute value. The tap value is a measured power value corresponding to the corresponding tap time stamp, and the measured power value may be expressed as a relative or absolute power. Here, the measured power value can be replaced by an expression method such as amplitude instead of power. In addition to the {tap time stamp, tap value}, the IE may also report in the form of a weighted square root mean square, standard weight deviation, delay width, and average. The processing form of the information can use any method using the basic information of the present invention.

The acquisition and calculation unit 300 obtains a distance between transmission and reception based on delay spread information having a plurality of forms, and calculates a location of a reception side based on the obtained distance between transmission and reception. Here, the distance between the transmission and reception may vary depending on the overall channel environment such as carrier frequency, type of communication system, communication area and climate.

The acquisition and calculation unit 300 constructs an approximation equation or a database through channel measurement, and uses the inverse to obtain a distance between transmission and reception. In the conventional channel model, the time value of the delay tap is generally fixed regardless of the transmission / reception distance. Therefore, a method of using a channel model mainly used as it is is not suitable.

The channel model provides an average delay tap considering the position in the cell. For example, in the ITU-R Pedestrian A channel model, there are four delay taps from 0ns to 410ns and the average receive power for each delay tap is set to 0dB to -22.8dB.

Acquisition and calculation unit 300 is not easy to build a database through the channel measurement. Therefore, the existing channel model may be used, but the delay tap position of the existing channel model may be linearly increased according to the transmission / reception distance. Here, when the transmission / reception distance increases, all delay tap times increase at the same rate.

Next, a method of calculating a position based on the downlink positioning method will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 4. Here, the downlink positioning method is a method in which the receiving terminal calculates the location by directly calculating the location or handing over information to the transmitting network.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a position by a receiving terminal in downlink positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, the radio positioning apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a terminal using a downlink positioning method. Here, the wireless positioning device 10 is located on the receiving side and measures the position of the receiving side.

Referring to FIG. 3, the wireless positioning apparatus 10 measures a propagation delay tap of a signal received from a transmitter through a channel (S310). Herein, the distribution of the propagation delay taps is enlarged or reduced on the time axis in proportion to the distance between transmission and reception.

The wireless positioning apparatus 10 extracts delay spread information having a plurality of forms based on the measured propagation delay tap (S320).

Next, the wireless positioning apparatus 10 obtains a distance between transmission and reception based on the extracted delay spread information, and calculates a location of the reception side based on the obtained distance between transmission and reception (S330).

The wireless positioning device 10 transmits the position information, which is information corresponding to the calculated position of the receiver, to the network when necessary (S340).

Next, a method of calculating a position of the network in downlink positioning will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 4.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a position of a network in downlink positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the wireless positioning apparatus 10 measures a propagation delay tap of a signal received from a transmitter through a channel (S410). Herein, the distribution of the propagation delay taps is enlarged or reduced on the time axis in proportion to the distance between transmission and reception.

The wireless positioning apparatus 10 extracts delay spread information having a plurality of forms based on the measured propagation delay tap (S420). Next, the radio location apparatus 10 transmits the extracted delay spread information to the transmitting network (S430).

The corresponding device of the transmitting side network having the same function as the acquiring and calculating unit 300 included in the wireless positioning apparatus 10 obtains the distance between transmission and reception based on the received delay spread information, and calculates the distance between the transmission and reception. The position of the receiving side is calculated on the basis of step S440.

If necessary, the wireless positioning apparatus 10 receives location information, which is information corresponding to a location of a receiving side, through a transmitting network (S450).

The wireless positioning method and apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to a wireless network requiring wireless positioning such as a cellular mobile communication system or a sensor network, but is not limited thereto.

As such, the wireless positioning method and apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve the precision of wireless positioning by performing wireless positioning using delay spreading. In addition, by combining the wireless positioning method using a delay spread and the conventional wireless positioning method, it is possible to improve the performance of the wireless positioning.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are not only implemented by the apparatus and method but may be implemented through a program for realizing the function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, The embodiments can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art from the description of the embodiments described above.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It belongs to the scope of right.

1A to 1B are diagrams illustrating a propagation delay corresponding to a distance between transmission and reception according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view showing a wireless positioning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a position by a receiving terminal in downlink positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of calculating a position of a network in downlink positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (11)

In the wireless positioning method for measuring the position, Measuring, by a receiving terminal, propagation delay taps of a signal received from a transmitting side through a channel; Extracting delay spread information based on the measured propagation delay taps; Obtaining a distance between transmission and reception based on the delay spread information, and Calculating a position of a receiving side based on the obtained distance between the transmitting and receiving; Including, The delay spread information is A first measure of a difference between a minimum delay value and a maximum delay value among delay taps having a delay value equal to or greater than a threshold value based on an average received signal strength among the measured propagation delay taps, A second measure of a weighted square root mean square value of absolute delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; A third measure of the relative weighted standard deviation of the delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; Wireless positioning method comprising at least one of. The method of claim 1, And a distribution of the propagation delay taps is enlarged or reduced in a time axis in proportion to the distance between the transmission and reception. The method of claim 1, Obtaining a distance between the transmission and reception Constructing an approximation equation or database by measuring the channel used for the propagation delay tap measurement; and Obtaining a distance between the transmission and reception based on the approximation formula or the database Wireless positioning method comprising a. The method of claim 1, Transmitting information including the calculated position of the receiving side to the transmitting side; Wireless positioning method further comprising. In the radio positioning device for measuring the position, A measurement unit for measuring propagation delay taps of a signal transmitted through a channel from a transmitter, An extraction unit for extracting delay spread information based on the propagation delay taps, and Acquisition and calculation unit for obtaining the distance between the transmission and reception based on the delay spread information, and calculating the position of the receiving side based on the obtained distance between the transmission and reception Including, The delay spread information is A first measure of a difference between a minimum delay value and a maximum delay value among delay taps having a delay value equal to or greater than a threshold value based on an average received signal strength among the measured propagation delay taps, A second measure of a weighted square root mean square value of absolute delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; A third measure of the relative weighted standard deviation of the delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; Wireless positioning device comprising at least one of. delete The method of claim 5, The distribution of the propagation delay tap has a distribution that is expanded or reduced in the time axis in proportion to the distance between the transmission and reception. In the radio positioning method for measuring the position of the receiving side, Measuring propagation delay taps of a signal received from a transmitting side through a channel by the receiving terminal; Extracting delay spread information based on the propagation delay taps; Delivering the delay spread information to the sender, and Receiving a result of calculating a distance between a transmission and reception corresponding to the delay spread information and a position of the reception side; Including, The delay spread information is A first measure of a difference between a minimum delay value and a maximum delay value among delay taps having a delay value equal to or greater than a threshold value based on an average received signal strength among the measured propagation delay taps, A second measure of a weighted square root mean square value of absolute delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; A third measure of the relative weighted standard deviation of the delay values of the measured propagation delay taps; Wireless positioning method comprising at least one of. 9. The method of claim 8, The distribution of the propagation delay tap has a distribution that is expanded or reduced in the time axis in proportion to the distance between the transmission and reception. delete 9. The method of claim 8, The receiving step Acquiring a distance between the transmission and reception based on the delay spread information at the transmitting side; Calculating a position of the receiving side based on the distance between the transmitting and receiving, and Transmitting the calculated distance between the reception side and the transmission / reception to a terminal of the reception side, Wireless positioning method comprising a.

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