KR101259171B1 - High efficiency electric motor, high efficiency electric generator - Google Patents

Abstract

Electric motors and generators are disclosed that include rotation, stators having one or more stator pole cores, and windings wound around each stator pole core. Each stator pole core has the shape of a gaped ring and is aligned in the radial direction of the rotor. A portion of the rotor is inserted into the gap so that the rotor pole included in the rotor can be coupled to the magnetic path of the stator pole core.

Description

High efficiency electric motor, high efficiency electric generator

The present invention relates to an electric motor and / or a generator, and in particular, the efficiency of converting high efficiency electric motor and / or kinetic energy into electrical energy having a structure in which magnetic energy generated from an electromagnet can be converted into torque of the electric motor as much as possible. It is technology about improved generator.

Electric motors are used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and take advantage of the interaction of magnetic fields with live conductors. An apparatus that performs the reverse process, that is, the process of converting mechanical energy into electrical energy, is called a generator. A traction motor used in a vehicle can perform both of the above roles. Electric motors are used in a variety of applications, including industrial fans, pumps, machine tools, and consumer electronics. The electric motor can be driven by direct current or alternating current.

Brushless AC electric motors are also called permanent magnet synchronos motors (PMSMs), and, like brushless DC electric motors, the magnetic field of the rotor is provided by permanent magnets rather than electromagnets. The stator windings of brushless AC electric motors are sinusiodally distributed windings while the stator windings of brushless DC electric motors are field coils.

5a and 5b show an example of an electric motor according to the prior art. The rotor 100 may include a permanent magnet forming the rotor poles 150, 151, and 152 and may rotate about the rotation shaft 130. The north pole and the south pole of one permanent magnet are arranged along the radial direction of the rotor. Stator 165 includes stator pole cores 160, 161, 162 and windings 140 wound thereon. A gap P2 exists between both the rotor poles 150, 151, 152 and the stator pole core at the closest moment. Part of the magnetic force line (②) generated in the stator pole core 161 is magnetically coupled to the rotor magnetic pole 151, wherein the other portion (①) of the magnetic force line generated in the stator pole core 161 is the rotor magnetic pole It does not magnetically couple with 151 (see FIG. 5B). The torque of the rotor 100 is generated by the strength of such magnetic mutual coupling. As the amount of magnetic lines that cannot be coupled increases, the efficiency of converting electrical energy into torque of the rotor 100 decreases.

The present invention is to provide a structure of a motor or a generator that can minimize the loss of magnetic coupling between the rotor pole and the stator pole. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned subject.

An electric motor according to an aspect of the present invention for solving the above problems includes a rotor. This rotor has one or more rotor poles disposed along its circumference. The electric motor also includes a stator having one or more stator pole cores, and a winding wound around each stator pole core above. At this time, each of the stator pole core has a shape of a ring (gap) formed with a gap and is aligned in the radial direction of the rotor. In addition, a portion of the rotor is inserted into the gap so that the rotor pole included in the rotor above can be coupled to the magnetic path of the stator pole core.

In this case, the magnetic paths of the one or more stator pole cores may be separated from each other.

At this time, the one or more stator pole cores may be connected to each other by a connecting member.

In this case, the motor may have two or more phases.

At this time, the motor may be a single-phase motor.

At this time, each of the permanent magnets forming the respective rotor magnetic poles may be such that the magnetic field of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets faces the extending direction of the rotation axis of the rotor.

At this time, the first pole of each rotor pole of the above may be disposed on the surface of the rotor, the second pole of each rotor pole of the above may be disposed on the back of the rotor.

The generator according to another aspect of the present invention includes a rotor. This rotor has one or more rotor poles disposed along its perimeter. The generator also includes a stator having one or more stator pole cores, and a winding wound around each stator pole core above. At this time, each stator pole core is in the shape of a gap-shaped ring is aligned in the radial direction of the rotor. In addition, a portion of the rotor is inserted into the gap so that the rotor pole included in the rotor above can be coupled to the magnetic path of the stator pole core.

According to the present invention there is provided a structure of a motor or a generator that can minimize the loss of magnetic coupling between the rotor poles and the stator poles. The scope of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned effects.

Figure 1a shows a plan view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1B is a plan view illustrating another state in which the rotor of FIG. 1A is rotated.
FIG. 2A illustrates a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along AA of FIG. 1B.
2b to 2d illustrate a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electric motor according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2E illustrates the magnetic path of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic poles of the stator magnetic pole cores 110 to 114 shown in FIGS. 1A to 2D.
FIG. 2F shows the area P shown in FIG. 2B in detail.
3A is a plan view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3B illustrates the development of one cycle of the stator of FIG. 3A along a circumference. FIG.
4 shows a configuration of a three-phase eight-pole motor as another embodiment according to the present invention.
5a and 5b are for explaining the structure of a motor according to the prior art.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. Also, the singular forms as used below include plural forms unless the phrases expressly have the opposite meaning. Drawings attached to the present specification may be exaggerated for the convenience of description.

Figure 1a shows a plan view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a plan view illustrating another state in which the rotor 100 of FIG. 1A is rotated.

2A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1B.

1A, 1B, and 2A, the rotor 100 is disposed on the xy plane about the rotation axis 130 extending in the z direction, and the rotor 100 is connected to the rotation axis 130. You can rotate around the z axis together. Rotor poles 120 to 124 are coupled to the rotor 100. The rotor poles 120 to 124 may be formed by permanent magnets. The permanent magnets 120 to 124 may be coupled to penetrate the rotor 100 in the z-axis direction or may be coupled to the surface of the rotor 100. The stator 150 may include stator pole cores 110 to 114 and windings 140 to 144 wound around the stator pole cores 110 to 114. The stator pole cores 110 to 114 may be made of a magnetic material, and the windings 140 to 144 may be connected to a current source not shown to conduct current.

The stator pole cores 110 to 114 have a shape in which some segments in the circumferential direction of the ring are removed from the magnetic material having a ring shape. Here, the ring shape may refer to a perfect ring-shaped structure, but is a concept that includes all the shapes deformed therefrom. The portion from which some segments have been removed may be referred to herein as a gap 160. The stator pole cores 110 to 114 are arranged in the radial direction 101 of the rotor. That is, the stator pole cores 110 to 114 extend along the z-axis direction and the radial direction 101 of the rotor 100.

Although not shown, the stator magnetic pole cores 110 to 114 may be coupled to or connected to a case that houses them in order to maintain a positional relationship relative to each other.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the rotor 100 may be inserted between the gaps 160 formed in the stator pole cores 110 to 114. Rotor poles 124 coupled to rotor 100 have pole pairs aligned in the + z and -z directions. That is, in this embodiment, the rotor poles 120 may be bar magnets aligned in the z-axis direction.

FIG. 2B is a modified embodiment of FIG. 2A.

In FIG. 2A, the stator pole cores 110 to 114 have a shape of a circular ring having a gap. In FIG. 2B, the stator pole cores 110 to 114 have a shape of a non-circular ring having a gap. In either case, however, the stator pole core extends along the z-axis direction and along the radial direction 101 of the rotor 100.

FIG. 2C is a modified embodiment of FIG. 2B.

In FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, the rotor 100 is provided in a disc shape, but in FIG. 2C, the peripheral parts 101 and 102 are further coupled around the rotor 100. Peripherals 101 and 102 may be formed for various reasons, for example, to increase the mass of the rotating body rotating along the rotation axis 130.

FIG. 2D is a modified embodiment of FIG. 2C.

In FIG. 2D, the shape of the rotating body rotating along the rotating shaft 130 is similar to that of the rotor 100 and the peripheral parts 101 and 102 shown in FIG. 2C, but differs in that they are integrally formed. In FIG. 2D, the windings 140 to 144 are omitted for convenience.

FIG. 2E illustrates the magnetic path of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic poles of the stator magnetic pole cores 110 to 114 shown in FIGS. 1A to 2D.

Referring to FIG. 2E, when a current flows in a winding wound around the stator pole cores 110 to 114, a magnetic field is formed along the inside of the stator pole cores 110 to 114. The magnetic field formed along the inside of the stator pole cores 110 to 114 is z-direction between the first pole 163 and the second pole 164 present in the gap 160 formed in the stator pole cores 110 to 114. It is formed along. In the gap 160 part, there may be a magnetic field ① formed in a curved shape between the first pole 163 and the second pole 164 along with the magnetic field ② formed in a straight line along the z direction. However, as the gap 160 is smaller, the ratio of the magnetic field ① formed in a straight line shape may be greater. When the current flowing through the winding is alternating current, the magnetic field formed along the inside of the stator pole cores 110 to 114 may be alternately directed in the + z direction or the -z direction. In addition, even when the current flowing through the winding is a direct current, a magnetic field formed along the inside of the stator magnetic pole cores 110 to 114 may be alternately directed in the + z direction or the -z direction according to the control method of the controller controlling the current. .

FIG. 2F shows the area P shown in FIG. 2B in detail.

2F illustrates a case in which the rotor poles 120 and 124 and the stator poles adjacent to each other have opposite magnetic poles. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2E, the magnetic field formed in the gap 160 may pass through the rotor magnetic poles 120 and 124. The amount of the magnetic field ① formed in the curved shape shown in FIG. 2E is further increased in the state of FIG. 2F. Will be further reduced. This is because the rotor magnetic poles 120 and 124 existing between the gaps 160 fill a portion of the gap 160 to strengthen the magnetic path. At this time, an attraction force may occur between the adjacent stator pole core 110 and the rotor 120.

Referring to FIG. 2F compared to FIG. 5B, in the structure of FIG. 5B, the interaction between the stator pole and the rotor pole 151 by the stator pole core 161 is weak, whereas in FIG. 2F, the stator pole core 110 is weak. It can be seen that the interaction between the stator pole and the rotor pole 120 by) is a relatively stronger structure.

Although not shown, in contrast to FIG. 2F, there may be a case in which the rotor poles 120 and 124 and adjacent surfaces of the stator poles have the same magnetic poles. In this case, a repulsion force may occur between the adjacent stator pole core 110 and the rotor 120.

3A is a plan view of an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The electric motor shown in FIG. 3A is a four-pole six-slot type brushless motor, with windings of each phase wound around the stator poles. The electric motor shown in FIG. 3A may be a single phase, two phase or four phase motor.

FIG. 3B shows a cycle of the stator of FIG. 3A developed along the circumference, and shows the arrangement relationship between the windings R, S, and T. FIG. R, S, and T may each have a phase difference of 120 °. The horizontal axis represents the electrical angle, where one cycle represents 720 °. Permanent magnets having the north pole and the south pole are alternately arranged along the outer circumference of the rotor. In the stator, stator poles SPR1 and SPR2 on R are electrically connected by windings on the R phase. Similarly, the stator poles SPS1 and SPS2 of the S phase and the stator poles SPT1 and SPT2 of the T phase are electrically connected by windings of the T phase. The windings of the R, S and T phases are coupled in the N phase.

4 shows a configuration of a three-phase eight-pole motor as another embodiment according to the present invention, in which case the stator pole core is magnetically segmented at every 360 ° electrical angel.

The above-described structure has been described as the structure of the electric motor. However, since it is well known that the electric motor and the generator have only similar configurations in that the energy conversion direction is different, it is easy to understand that the above-described sphere can be applied to a generator other than the electric motor. There will be.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will readily occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The content of each claim in the claims may be combined in another claim without citations within the scope of the claims.

Therefore, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are to be considered in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense, and that the true scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all differences within the scope of equivalents thereof, .

100: rotor 120 ~ 124: rotor magnetic pole, permanent magnet
110 to 114: stator pole core 115: connecting member
140 to 144: winding 150: stator
160: gap 101: radial direction of the rotor
102: extending direction of the rotation axis of the rotor

Claims (8)

A rotor, comprising: a rotor having one or more rotor poles disposed along a circumference of the rotor;
A stator having a plurality of stator pole cores; And
Windings wound around each of the plurality of stator pole cores
/ RTI >
Each of the plurality of stator pole cores has a shape of a gap-shaped ring and is aligned in a radial direction of the rotor,
A portion of the rotor is inserted into the gap so that the rotor poles included in the rotor can be coupled to the magnetic path of the stator pole core,
Among the plurality of stator pole cores, a first winding wound on a first stator pole core is a separate winding separate from a second winding wound on a second stator pole core.
The first current flowing through the first winding and the second current flowing through the second winding are independently controlled.
Electric motor. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the magnetic paths of the plurality of stator pole cores are separated from each other. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the plurality of stator pole cores are connected to each other by a connecting member. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the motor has two or more phases. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein the motor is a single phase motor. 2. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein each permanent magnet forming each of the one or more rotor poles is such that a magnetic field at the pole of the permanent magnet is directed in an extension direction of the rotation axis of the rotor. The electric motor of claim 1, wherein a first pole of each of the one or more rotor poles is disposed on a surface of the rotor, and a second pole of each of the one or more rotor poles is disposed on a back side of the rotor. . A rotor, comprising: a rotor having one or more rotor poles disposed along a circumference of the rotor;
A stator having a plurality of stator pole cores; And
Windings wound around each of the plurality of stator pole cores
/ RTI >
Each of the plurality of stator pole cores has a shape of a gap-shaped ring and is aligned in a radial direction of the rotor,
A portion of the rotor is inserted into the gap so that the rotor poles included in the rotor can be coupled to the magnetic path of the stator pole core,
Among the plurality of stator pole cores, a first winding wound on a first stator pole core is a separate winding separate from a second winding wound on a second stator pole core.
The first current flowing through the first winding and the second current flowing through the second winding are independently controlled.
generator.

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