KR101258638B1 - Decompression reducer for slurry feed including woody particle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A decomposition reducer for high pressure reactors is provided to exclude a filtering device by increasing the fluidity and air-permeability of a decomposed slurry solid phase. CONSTITUTION: A decomposition reducer for high pressure reactors comprises a raw slurry tank(10) for storing and supplying wood dust slurry; a process water tank(20) for storing and supplying distilled water; a preheater(30) for heating the distilled water to supercritical water; a reactor(40) for reacting the wood dust slurry and the supercritical water; a capillary(70) for decreasing the pressure of the glycation product from the reactor to atmosphere pressure; a pressure-decreasing reducer for connecting the rear end of the reactor to the front end of the capillary; and a receiver for storing the glycation product.

Description

Decompression Reducer for Slurry Feed including Woody Particle}

The present invention relates to a wood biomass saccharification reaction apparatus, and more particularly, flow control to decompose the wood biomass into supercritical water to easily depressurize the supercritical reactant to atmospheric pressure in the process of preparing monosaccharides. The present invention relates to a pressure reducing reducer for a high pressure reactor of a slurry containing wood solids.

As is well known, biomass refers to bioorganisms, including plants, cells, and animals that live and live by photosynthesis of plants and microorganisms that receive solar energy, especially woody biomass. Cellulose), hemicellulose (Lemicellulose) and lignin (Lignin) as the major constituents means a biomass containing other ingredients.

Saccharification process of wood biomass is composed of acid hydrolysis and biological enzymatic saccharification. Recently, supercritical water, supercritical water, is used for special chemical and biological pretreatment. The process of producing monosaccharides such as glucose, mannose, galactose, xylose, arabinose and the like by decomposing ether bonds between fibrin immediately without going through .

On the other hand, in the decomposition process using supercritical water, the supercritical state should be maintained inside the reaction system, but generally, decompression should be performed at atmospheric pressure when obtaining a product.

The pressure reduction method used in the general chemical process field is a method of forcibly depressurizing a fluid using a back pressure regulator (BPR) and an attempt to depressurize using a capillary using a Bernoulli phenomenon. In the case of depressurization using capillary tube, there is a constraint that a forced bottleneck or a certain amount of flow must be operated in order to cause frictional pressure drop and momentum pressure drop.

Conventional wood biomass saccharification reaction apparatus involves the process of removing unreacted raw materials by installing a filter at the front of the depressurization section for stable depressurization when a solid containing feed is used. Rather, this may impair the continuity and safety of operation in supercritical devices that must maintain adequate pressure.

In addition, wood biomass is used in the form of a slurry prepared by mixing it with distilled water in order to realize a continuous process. After a certain time, the swelling property of the wood powder slurry is increased, and thus the first preparation is performed. There is a tendency to increase the size of the wood powder in the slurry while changing the fluidity of the city.

As the swelled wood biomass slurry passes through the reactor, the particle resistance of the fluid increases and the kinematic viscosity increases, so that the inside of the reactor does not pass through pure water or pure water reaching the supercritical state. Anxiety in behavior increases.

This causes filling and clogging inside conduits such as negative pressure regulators or capillaries used for decompression, which leads to high-pressure conditions that are necessary for the operation of the equipment, thus impairing the safety of the equipment operation. May cause deposition and risk of reaction and shutdown.

An object of the present invention for solving the above problems, regardless of the size of the undecomposed wood powder particles contained in the internal material, in particular the wood flour slurry when the supercritical water flows inside the reactor and passed through the depressurization section By preventing the filling and blockage in the conduit of the pressure-reducing part by allowing it to move naturally, the number of partial stoppages can be omitted, the number of partial shutdowns can be reduced, and the continuous working efficiency at high temperature and high pressure can be improved. It is to provide a decompression reducer for a high pressure reactor of the slurry containing the wood solids to be made.

According to the pressure reduction reducer for a high pressure reactor of a slurry including the wood solids of the present invention for achieving the above object, a raw material slurry tank for storing and supplying wood flour slurry; Process water tank for storing and supplying distilled water; A preheater connected to the process water tank and heating the distilled water to supercritical water; A reactor for reacting the wood slurry supplied from the sample tank with the supercritical water heated and supplied through the preheater; Capillary for depressurizing saccharified product from the reactor; A pressure reducing reducer connecting between the reactor rear end and the capillary front end; And a storage tank for storing the saccharified product drawn out by being depressurized to atmospheric pressure through the capillary tube, wherein the pressure reducer includes at least a portion of an internal connection passage connecting the rear end of the reactor and the front end of the capillary tube from the reactor. It is characterized in that the cross-sectional reduction portion is formed with a gradient established as the capillary tube gradually decreases in cross-sectional width.

Here, the pressure reducing reducer is inserted into the front end of the capillary and screwed collar; An inner connection passage having the cross-sectional reduction part is formed inside one side to which the reactor rear end is connected, and a front end of the capillary tube with the collar fixed to the inside of the tile side to which the capillary front end is connected to reduce the cross-section of the internal connection passage. A reducer main body in which a capillary fastening passage is connected to communicate with the part; And a gland screwed into the capillary fastening passage of the reducer body and tightening the collar fastened to a front end portion of the capillary tube to penetrate the capillary fastening passage and fixed in the capillary fastening passage of the reducer body. Can be.

In addition, the cross-sectional reduction portion is more preferably formed in the rear end of the inner connecting passage that the front end of the capillary tube is in communication.

In addition, the cross-sectional reduction inclination angle of the cross-sectional reduction portion is more preferably formed within the range of 40 ° to 50 °.

According to the pressure reduction reducer for a high pressure reactor of a slurry including the wood solids of the present invention, at least a portion of an internal connection passage connecting the rear end of the reactor and the front end of the capillary tube has a gradient in which the section width is established from the reactor to the capillary tube. To reduce the filling and blockage by improving the fluidity and permeability of the undissolved slurry solids into the depressurization part during the production of saccharified products from the slurry containing the wood solids using supercritical conditions of water. In order to prevent it, it is possible to omit the filtering device installed before the depressurization unit, to reduce the number of times of partial operation, and to improve the continuous working efficiency at high temperature and high pressure.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a saccharification reaction apparatus to which a pressure reducing reducer for a high pressure reactor of a slurry including wood solids according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the pressure reducing reducer having a cross-sectional reduction portion of FIG. 1.
3 is a schematic view showing a saccharification reaction apparatus for a slurry including conventional wood solids.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and the same or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the specification.

1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a saccharification reaction apparatus to which a pressure reducing reducer for a high pressure reactor of a slurry including wood solids according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Referring to FIG. 1, the saccharification reaction apparatus 1 to which the depressurization reducer for the high pressure reactor of the slurry including the solid content of the present embodiment is applied may include a slurry tank 10 and a process water tank 20. , A raw material transport pump 15, a process water transport pump 25, a preheater 30, a reactor 40, and after the reactor 40, A pressure reducer (60) and a capillary (70) are installed and finally comprise a reservoir (80) for obtaining saccharified products.

The slurry tank 10 is configured to mix powdered wood biomass with distilled water and the like in a slurry form to store and supply the powdered biomass to the reactor 40 through a raw material transport pump 15.

The process water tank 20 is configured to store and supply distilled water for making supercritical water and to supply the preheater 30 through the process water transport pump 25.

The preheater 30 is configured to heat and pressurize the distilled water transferred from the process water tank 20 to make it into a supercritical water state and then supply it to the reactor 40.

The reactor 40 mixes the powdered wood biomass slurry supplied from the slurry tank 10 and the supercritical water supplied from the preheater 30 to produce saccharified products of monosaccharides through saccharification of wood biomass.

At this time, after achieving the temperature and pressure conditions suitable for saccharification, the powdered wood biomass slurry is passed through the inside of the reactor together with the distilled water of supercritical state at a constant flow rate to decompose the wood biomass by the supercritical water to thereby saccharify the sugar product. Will produce.

The saccharification product generated through the above-mentioned saccharification reaction in the reactor 40 is depressurized to atmospheric pressure through a depressurization reducer 60 and a capillary tube 70 forming a depressurization part installed after the reactor 40, and then stored in a storage tank ( 80) and stored.

FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the pressure reducing reducer having a cross-sectional reduction portion of FIG. 1.

2, at least a portion of the internal connection passage 61a connecting between the rear end of the reactor 40 and the front end of the capillary tube 70 is the reactor 40. From) to the capillary 70 is characterized in that it is provided with a cross-sectional reduction portion (61b) having a predetermined gradient gradually reduced in cross-section width.

The pressure reducer 60 of the present embodiment includes a collar for connecting the inlet conduit to the front end 71 of the large inner diameter capillary tube 70 with the reducer main body 61 at the rear end of the reactor. ) And gland (63) is an example consisting of units that are integrally combined.

The collar 62 is screwed into the front end portion 71 of the capillary tube 70 and screwed therein, and the front end portion 71 of the capillary tube 70 is inserted into the reducer main body 61 by being tightened by the Korean gland 63. Make sure they stay connected in communication.

The reducer main body 61 has an inner connection passage 61a having the cross-sectional reduction portion 61b formed inside the fastening portion toward the reactor 40 to be screwed into the rear end of the reactor 40 and the capillary tube 70 A capillary tube into which the front end portion of the capillary coupling portion into which the front end portion is inserted and coupled is inserted into the front end portion of the capillary tube 70 to which the collar 62 is coupled to communicate with the end face reduction portion 61b of the inner connection passage 61a. A fastening passage 61d is formed.

The gland 63 is screwed into the capillary fastening passage 61d of the reducer main body 61 and fastened to the front end portion 71 of the capillary tube 70 passing through the inner through hole 63a. The collar 62 is configured to be fixed in the capillary fastening passage 61d of the reducer main body 61.

In this way, the cross-sectional reduction portion 61b is formed by forming a cross-sectional reduction portion 61b on the internal connection passage 61a of the reducer main body 61 forming the pressure reducing reducer 60 and gradually reducing the cross-sectional width. When the supercritical water up to high temperature and high pressure flows through the reactor and passes through the decompression section, the capillary tube 70 forms a decompression section regardless of the size of the internal material, in particular, the undecomposed wood powder particles contained in the wood flour slurry. Allow it to move naturally.

In this case, the cross-sectional reduction portion 61b is formed at the rear end of the internal connection passage 61a to which the front end portion 71 of the capillary tube is communicatively coupled. The cross-sectional reduction portion 61b is 40 ° to 50 °. It is preferably formed within the range.

Here, when the cross-sectional reduction inclination angle (θ) is less than 40 °, the diameter of the capillary tube 70 that is subsequently connected should be increased, so that the effect of reducing the pressure is reduced. The undigested wood powder particles are not naturally available to the depressurization zone, resulting in filling and blockage.

Thus, by improving the fluidity and passage of the undecomposed wood powder particles through the pressure reducer 60, the filling and blockage generated in the reducer 160 and the capillary tube 70 used in the conventional saccharification reaction apparatus 100 is reduced. It is possible to omit the filtering device 150 which is essentially installed for the filtering process prior to the conventional reducer 160, and to reduce the number of partial operation interruptions due to charging and clogging, thereby improving work efficiency at high temperature and high pressure. To improve. (See comparison with FIG. 3)

Hereinafter, a saccharification reaction apparatus to which Experimental Example 1 using the saccharification reaction apparatus 100 for slurry containing the wood solid content shown in FIG. 3 and the pressure reduction reducer for the high pressure reactor of the slurry containing the wood solid content of the present invention of FIG. When comparing the Experimental Example 2 using 1) described the upper effect of the present invention.

In Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 2 to be described later, the conditions of the saccharification process using the saccharification reaction apparatus was fixed to 235 ± 5 ATM, temperature conditions of 380 ± 5 ℃ the pressure of the whole system.

As a biomass used for saccharification, lily tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) was used. After collecting raw materials, the wood was crushed with a chip and dried at room temperature, followed by an air-flow classifier. Air Classifier Mill System) was used to process the powder into samples and then standardized to a size of 140 mesh.

< Example  1>

A filter device 150 for producing saccharified liquid of wood biomass using the saccharification reaction device for slurry containing wood solids of FIG. 3 was used in parallel at least two while maintaining high temperature and high pressure. .

In general, the depressurization unit is composed of a reducer 160 and a capillary set 170, and the filter 150 filters other than the saccharified solution that moves to the reducer 160 whose diameter is rapidly narrowed. Unreacted components, such as lignin (Lignin) and other essential oils are installed to prevent the direct to the reducer (160).

At this time, as the operation proceeds, the interior of any one selected filter device 150 is filled with wood biomass components other than saccharified components, that is, lignin (Lignin) and other essential oils, etc. ), The pressure in the whole reaction system will rise rapidly under the fixed pressure condition of 235 ± 5 ATM. As the pressure rises, the reaction temperature condition fixed at 380 ± 5 ° C. increases rapidly.

In the normal operation using the filtering device 150, the use of the filtering device 150 in which filling and occlusion is started by detecting the change in the pressure and temperature conditions, and the bypass using the other filtering device 150 installed in parallel ( By-pass operation is performed.

In the use of the filtering device 150, which is a normal driving method, the filtering device in which filling and clogging is started with lignin and other essential oils inside is partially opened and then opened by the driver to remove the blocking material charged inside. On the other hand, the removal process involves reassembly, pressurization, and connection to other manipulators that were bypassed so that there is no loss of pressure and temperature.

Therefore, the operation of such a device to prevent the occlusion material to move to the reducer (160), which is the front end of the depressurization part, takes a considerable amount of time and cost, and the process of repeating partial depressurization and pressurization during the operation of the entire system. There is a danger that the continuity of the operation and the safety of the worker are deteriorated.

Table 1 shows the number of times the operation was stopped for 4 reasons of continuous operation using the filtering device 150 and the conventional reducer 160 of FIG.

Here, the number of filling and clogging of the filter that is the filtering device 150 refers to the number of filter replacement operations after the bypass operation (by-pass). In addition, the bypass work time of the filter (By-Pass) was usually 30 minutes, the replacement work time of the reducer 160 was usually 20 minutes.

< Example  2>

Table 2 uses the saccharification experiment apparatus 1 to which the conventional strainer 150 and the conventional pressure reducer 160 of FIG. 3 are removed and the pressure reducer 60 of the present invention is applied to FIG. 3 as shown in FIG. 1. When the continuous operation for 4 weeks in the same manner as in Example 1, it shows the number of times the operation was stopped for the reason for solving the problem of charging and blocking the inside of the depressurization unit.

Here, the replacement work time of the pressure reducing reducer 60 was usually 20 minutes.

In the case of applying the apparatus employing the pressure reducing reducer 60 of the present invention, considering that the number and time of partial interruptions of work in the continuous operation are directly related to the yield of saccharified solution and the safety factor of the worker in the continuous operation. As the process of filtering using the conventional filtering device 150 is reduced, the delay time of the work is reduced by about 9 times on average, and the interruption time of the partial operation is reduced by about 20 minutes. An improvement in efficiency can be expected.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications or changes can be made within the scope of the claims and the detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. In addition, it is natural that it belongs to the scope of the present invention.

1, 100: saccharification reaction device 10: slurry tank
15: raw material pump 20: process water tank
25: pump for transporting process water 30: preheater
40: reactor 60: pressure reducer
61: reducer body 61a: internal connection passage
61b; Section reduction 61d; Capillary fastening passage
62: color 63: gland
70: capillary 150: filtering device
160: conventional reducer

Claims (4)

A raw material slurry tank for storing and supplying wood flour slurry;
Process water tank for storing and supplying distilled water;
A preheater connected to the process water tank and heating the distilled water to supercritical water;
A reactor for reacting the wood slurry supplied from the sample tank with the supercritical water heated and supplied through the preheater;
A capillary for depressurizing the saccharified product from the reactor to atmospheric pressure;
A pressure reducing reducer connecting between the reactor rear end and the capillary front end; And
And a storage tank for storing the saccharified product drawn out by being depressurized to atmospheric pressure through the capillary tube.

The pressure reducing reducer,
At least a portion of the internal connection passage connecting between the reactor rear end and the capillary front end is provided with a cross-sectional reduction portion having a gradient gradually established from the reactor toward the capillary, the cross-sectional width gradually decreases,

The cross-sectional reduction inclination angle of the cross-sectional reduction portion is a pressure reduction reducer for a high pressure reactor of the slurry containing wood solids are formed within the range of 40 ° to 50 °.
In claim 1,
The pressure reducing reducer,
A collar which is screwed into the front end of the capillary;
An inner connection passage having the cross-sectional reduction part is formed inside one side to which the reactor rear end is connected, and a front end of the capillary tube with the collar fixed to the inside of the tile side to which the capillary front end is connected to reduce the cross-section of the internal connection passage. A reducer main body in which a capillary fastening passage is connected to communicate with the part; And
And a gland screwed into the capillary fastening passage of the reducer body and fixing the collar fastened to the front end portion of the capillary tube to pass through the capillary fastening passage of the reducer body. Pressure reducer for high pressure reactor of slurry.
In claim 1,
The section reduction portion,
And a pressure reducing reducer for a slurry of a high pressure reactor including wood solids formed at a rear end of the internal connection passage through which the front end of the capillary tube is connected.
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