KR101238116B1 - Modifying asphalt by in-situ polymerization of polyphenyleneoxide and the manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to asphalt used for road pavement, and the like, and specifically, by mixing a polymer monomer in a conventional asphalt, polyphenylene oxide, which is an industrial plastic polymer, is physically polymerized in the asphalt, thereby physically forming a network structure. The present invention relates to a modified asphalt and a modified method for greatly improving the durability against plastic deformation and cracking.
Description
The present invention relates to asphalt used for road pavement, and the like, and specifically, by mixing a polymer monomer in a conventional asphalt, polyphenylene oxide, which is an industrial plastic polymer, is polymerized in the asphalt, thereby physically forming a network structure, thereby firing the asphalt. The present invention relates to a modified asphalt and a modified method for greatly improving the resistance to deformation and cracking.
Asphalt is the last material obtained in the crude oil separation process and is particularly suitable as a binder for road pavement. Asphalt is a polar compound with a dissolution coefficient of 17.3 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 and a density of 1.02 g / cm 3 at room temperature. But at low temperatures it is hard and brittle, and at high temperatures it flows like a viscous liquid. Asphalt is composed of two main components, asphaltene and malten, and is a colloidal structure in which asphaltene is dispersed in the malten continuous phase. Asphaltene has a high molecular weight (10,000 to 100,000) and has a carboxyl group (-COOH), an alcoholic group (-OH), a ketone group (-C = O), an amine group (-NH-), and a sulfur group (-S-). As a polar compound having a polar group, it does not dissolve in heptane (n-heptane) and occupies 5% to 25% of asphalt. Malten, on the other hand, has a relatively low molecular weight and is composed of nonpolar compounds such as resin (molecular weight 500 to 50,000), naphthalene aromatic compounds (molecular weight 300 to 2,000) and wax saturated oil, and is dissolved in heptane.
Asphalt is mixed with aggregate at high temperatures to form a suspension and used for road paving or surface coating. This requires specific functions related to physical properties such as viscosity, flexibility, permanent deformation, crack resistance, impermeability, adhesion and stability. Asphalt should have adequate viscoelasticity. This is the most basic thing to ensure good performance in the pavement. Therefore, in recent years, a rheological measuring method capable of measuring viscoelasticity has emerged instead of the old method of measuring asphalt properties.
Over the last few decades, the number of vehicles and traffic loads on roads has increased and the physical properties required for pavement have become more severe. Strengthening, ie, modifying, natural asphalt provides a way to meet new technical requirements. At this time, the synthetic polymer is most used as a modifier. They are often mixed at 3% to 7% by weight of asphalt to improve the physical properties of asphalt used for pavement.
There are three types of breakage that can reduce the quality and usability of road pavement. The first is plastic deformation, which is basically generated in the high temperature area by traffic load, and the asphalt viscosity decreases at high temperature and the asphalt loses its elasticity and increases. The second failure is fatigue cracking, which is also due to traffic loads. This refers to a crack generated locally in the form of a cobweb by the stress-relaxing action of the vehicle. The last type of failure is thermal cracking, which is caused by seasonal or day-to-day temperature changes, and means cracks that occur at approximately regular intervals side by side in the direction perpendicular to the road exit. In contrast to plastic deformation, thermal cracking occurs a lot in cold climates. This is because as the weather gets cold, the asphalt hardens into a glass state, which reduces the ability to dissipate stress. And all three types of failures are directly related to the viscoelastic behavior of asphalt. So recent asphalt property test methods are based on rheology.
Asphalt materials using polymers are intended to improve road durability and reduce road management costs by reducing three types of breakage. However, not all polymers can be used as asphalt modifiers. The most important requirement is that the polymer must be compatible with asphalt. In other words, when the polymer and asphalt are mixed, they should exhibit a single phase without phase separation. In general, if they have similar structures or similar polarities, the two materials mix well together to form a single phase mixture. Compatibility shows storage, ie stability. At this time, the polymer is partially swollen by malten which is an oil-based aromatic compound of asphalt.
Polymers used as modifiers are divided into three types. According to the frequency of use they are thermoplastic elastomers, thermoplastics, and reactive polymers. The most representative of the thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) is styrene-butadiene-styrene three-zone copolymer (SBS), and the representative one is styrene-isoprene (2-methylbutadiene) -styrene tri-zone copolymer (SIS) similar to SBS. They form a biphasic structure in which the crystalline styrene portion is connected to the amorphous butadiene region and forms a network structure as a whole. They mix with asphalt by heat and shear force and the butadiene portion is swollen by maltene of asphalt, and this network structure is maintained even when the modified asphalt is cooled. Therefore, these characteristics are transferred to the modified asphalt as it is, the asphalt exhibits excellent elastic recovery and permanent deformation resistance. However, this reforming method has two major disadvantages. One is that mixing high polymers of rubber with asphalt requires high heat for a long time to dissolve the solid rubber, and the dissolved rubber has a high viscosity and requires a strong shearing force when mixing, which results in high cost. The other is a C = C double bond present in butadiene. Double bonds are susceptible to heat and oxygen in the air, which are easily removed and reduce the durability of the modified asphalt. Thus, the recyclability of the modified asphalt is lowered. However, when butadiene is hydrated (ie, polymer SEBS), elasticity is decreased, but polarity is further lowered, and polarity is lower than maltene of asphalt, making it difficult to swell by maltene, thereby decreasing compatibility with asphalt. As a result, phase separation occurs and storage stability decreases.
The second type of polymer used as a modifier is thermoplastics. These include PE (polyethylene) and EVA (ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer). Their advantages are easy to buy, inexpensive, and especially eco-friendly because they can be recycled. They impart high stiffness and deformation resistance, which are properties of plastic polymers to asphalt. PE, however, is highly crystalline and nonpolar and does not mix well with amorphous and polar asphalt. Therefore, if left alone, it will float on the asphalt with a difference in density (0.94 g / cm 3 ). This reduces the storage stability of the modified asphalt. In order to mix well with asphalt, EVA is used to reduce crystallinity by using an acetate group (CH3COO) and slightly increased polarity by using an ester group (COO). However, EVA also has poor storage stability of blast-modified asphalt that floats on the asphalt due to differences in density (0.92 g / cm 3 ).
The third type of polymer used as a modifier is a reactive polymer. This includes Elvaloy and Lotader. These are ethylene-butylacrylate-glycidylmethacrylate terpolymers, which are highly polarized by acrylic groups, and moreover, glycidyl groups react well with asphalt by forming covalent bonds by reacting with carboxyl groups of asphalt. However, this reaction creates an asphalt gel that prevents the formation of the network structure of the modified asphalt. They are therefore not suitable as asphalt modifiers and are actually used as adhesives in the plastics industry.
In the review of reformers so far, there are five conditions for future reformers.
1. It must not have a C = C double bond.
2. It should have similar polarity (dissolution coefficient) as asphalt.
3. It is good to have a benzene group.
4. It must be amorphous (eg SBS) or quasicrystalline (eg EVA).
5. It is better if the modifier is already liquid (the viscosity of the asphalt can be lowered when mixing).
The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a new asphalt modifier that can impart toughness to the asphalt to suppress plastic deformation and cracking of the asphalt.
Another technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to solve the problems so far and to provide a new asphalt modification method that can give toughness to the asphalt.
The present invention is to provide an improved method for modifying the asphalt by providing a new polymer synthesis system that can improve the physical properties of the asphalt.
In order to solve the above problems and also to meet the above requirements, the present invention provides an asphalt modifier precursor composed of a liquid.
In particular, the present invention provides an asphalt reforming system in which a liquid, which is a monomer in asphalt, forms a polymer.
The present invention also provides a modified asphalt in which a polymer formed in asphalt acts as a modifier.
In addition, the modified asphalt of the present invention
1) monomer preparation step,
2) heating the asphalt to 160 ° C to 180 ° C,
3) Solution to the above problems can be achieved by a manufacturing method comprising the step of adding and mixing (mixing) monomers to asphalt warmed at 160 ° C to 180 ° C.
According to the present invention, by using a monomer capable of forming a polymer as a modifier precursor in general asphalt, the viscosity of the asphalt is lowered, making it easier to mix, and the industrial plastic polymer polymerized inside the asphalt acts as a modifier, thereby making the asphalt strong and at a high temperature. It is possible to provide a modified asphalt which is greatly improved in durability that can prevent plastic deformation that can be generated and cracks that can be generated at low or normal temperatures, thereby maintaining excellent physical properties for a long time.
Thus, by forming the industrial plastic polymer to extend the life of the asphalt pavement, there is an effect that can significantly reduce the cost used for asphalt pavement and maintenance.
1 is an X-ray diffraction curve of pure asphalt, indicating that pure asphalt is amorphous.
2 is an X-ray diffraction curve of the polymer polyphenylene oxide (PPO), indicating that PPO is a semi-rigid polymer.
3 is an X-ray diffraction curve of modified asphalt in which PPO is formed in the asphalt by adding DMP, and indicates that PPO is polymerized in the asphalt from the shape of the diffraction curve and the 2θ position and is present in the asphalt.
The present invention solves the problems so far and in order to meet the requirements of the modifier, the monomer is heated to the oxygen of the air in the asphalt as the modifier precursor is heated to heat using a liquid which is a monomer and mixed with the liquid asphalt. It is related to the modified asphalt produced by the reaction by the production of industrial polymers (synthesis) and a method for reforming. This industrial polymer (PPO) does not have a C = C double bond, has a polarity (dissolution coefficient of 17.3 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 ), has a benzene group in the body, is semicrystalline (22% crystalline), and a precursor. (Monomer) is a liquid.
The present invention is a composition of asphalt and asphalt modifiers. The modifier is achieved by autonomously polymerizing the modifier precursor with oxygen in the air in the asphalt without external assistance such as a catalyst.
The monomer used as the modifier precursor in the present invention is a phenol derivative, which forms an industrial plastic polymer polyphenylene oxide (PPO) while oxidizing and polymerizing by oxygen molecules, using metal or metal salt as a main catalyst and an amine compound as a secondary catalyst. .
The phenol derivative, which is a monomer used in the present invention, is represented by the following general formula (1) as 2,6-dialkylphenol.
R 1 and
In order to achieve the present invention, monomers must be polymerized in asphalt. 2,6-dialkyl phenol mainly forms copper or copper chloride as a main catalyst, and pyridine or tetramethylethylenediamine as a subcatalyst to oxidize and polymerize with oxygen molecules to form industrial plastic polymer polyphenylene oxide (PPO). . After several experiments, the inventors found that vanadium or nickel metals or their oxides and porphins, which are polyamines as amine compounds, are present in asphalt. The present invention has been made by discovering that 2,6-dialkylphenol is synthesized from polyphenylene oxide in asphalt.
The present invention will be described in more detail.
The present invention is an asphalt composition comprising asphalt and industrial plastic polymer, the monomers used here may be used alone, but the effect is doubled when used with a suitable solvent. The solvent is preferably a polar solvent. This is because the monomer can be widely dispersed in asphalt. A solvent and a monomer are suitably in a weight ratio of 2: 1 to 0.5: 1, but more preferably in a ratio of 1: 1. The solvent and monomer blends may preferably be used in an amount of 0.5 to 20 wt% with respect to asphalt. More suitable ratio is 5-10 wt%. If too little is added, no modification effect can be expected. If too much is added, polymer synthesis becomes difficult and the remaining monomers dilute asphalt.
The solvent for dispersing the monomer used in the invention should be 180 ° C. or more as a polar solvent. Such compounds include the following. They are ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, glycerol, ethanolamine , Diethanolamine and methyl diethanolamine. The most important of these is ethylene glycol.
In the present invention, as an example of asphalt in the composition, pure asphalt or waste asphalt may be used. In addition, coal tar and asphalt oxide may be used as asphalt.
Other additives may also be used in practicing the invention. For example, calcium carbonate, short fibers, carbon black and the like used as fillers may be variously added to the asphalt composition of the present invention.
Asphalt composition, a composition of the invention, is very easily produced. The process for preparing the asphalt composition of the present invention involves adding monomer to the asphalt and stirring it at a normal normal speed to mix well. No additives such as other admixtures (compatibilizers) are necessary.
Asphalt compositions mixed in the liquid state as described above are made of industrial plastic polymers in the asphalt, and these polymers physically form a network structure, giving the asphalt the unique plastic strength of industrial plastics to resist plastic deformation at high temperatures, and to withstand cracking at low temperatures. It has the property to be able to maintain durability even in road conditions where the temperature changes in four seasons are clear, which has the effect of extending the life of the road.
The most common method for producing asphalt composition in the invention is
1) monomer preparation step,
2) heating the asphalt to 160 ° C to 180 ° C,
3) It is made of a manufacturing method comprising the step of adding and mixing (mixing) the monomer to the asphalt warmed to 160 ℃ ~ 180 ℃.
In the method for producing an asphalt composition according to the present invention, when mixing the aggregates and asphalt, the premix method using the modified asphalt made by mixing the asphalt modifier precursor monomer according to the present invention to the asphalt in advance, and aggregate and asphalt At the time of mixing, the plant mix method for preparing the monomers together with the modifier precursor according to the present invention may be used. In particular, the plant mix method is more preferable because it does not require a process of mixing asphalt and a modifier, and there is no fear of deterioration of physical properties due to phase separation and high temperature during storage.
Asphalt composition according to the invention can be used as a hot asphalt itself, but can also be used as room temperature asphalt by emulsifying it.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, which are only presented to aid the understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples 1 to 3
400 g of straight (pure) asphalt (AP-5, penetration rate 60 to 70) of a domestic S refinery company was dissolved in a reactor maintained at a temperature of 160 ° C. to 180 ° C., and then 2,6-dimethylphenol as a monomer was dissolved therein. (DMP) was added 1, 5, 10% to the weight ratio asphalt 100 and stirred for 3 hours at 5000 rpm using a homogeneous mixer to obtain an asphalt composition. The asphalt composition was poured into two analysis (tension test and rheological test) sampling molds to prepare test samples.
Comparative Example 1
In order to compare the effects of Examples 1 to 3, a pure asphalt without a monomer, an experimental sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
Experimental Example 1
In order to grasp the solid properties of the asphalt composition prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, a tensile test was carried out and the results are shown in Table 1. The tensile strength tester (model: large diameter UTM) was used to measure the toughness and elasticity of asphalt at a temperature of -10 ° C. The larger the value, the greater the durability.
1) Tine City (tensile strength)
The greatest effect expected by adding modifiers to asphalt is to improve the tensile strength of the asphalt mixture. Tensile strength is the most important mechanical property of asphalt pavement to withstand the effects of wheel loading, and its improvement has the effect of increasing the life expectancy of the pavement.
2) Elongation (tension)
The larger the value, the greater the elasticity of the asphalt.
3) Stiffness (elastic modulus)
The ratio of deformation to load is an important mechanical property for determining the deformability of viscoelastic materials such as asphalt. If low stiffness is shown, plastic deformation can be easily generated because deformation by load increases.
4) Toughness (amount of work)
It shows the toughness of asphalt. The larger the value, the greater the durability.
In Table 1, it can be seen that Tinecity increases as dimethylphenol (DMP) is added, and the stiffness is increased, and stiffness and toughness are also increased as DMP is added to increase toughness. . However, the elongation is inversely dropped as DMP is added, indicating that the elasticity of the asphalt is slightly reduced.
Examples 4-11
In order to determine the dispersion effect, the experiment was conducted in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3, except that toluene, a non-polar solvent, and ethylene glycol (EG), a polar solvent, were mixed in the same ratio as DMP and added to asphalt. .
Experimental Example 2
In order to grasp the solid properties of the asphalt composition prepared in Examples 4 to 11, the tensile test was carried out in the same manner as in Experiment 1 and the results are shown in Table 2.
In Table 2, when DMP is added together with toluene, Tineness and toughness are increased than when only DMP is added. However, elongation and stiffness decreased. However, when DMP was used with ethylene glycol, all tensile properties including elongation increased. In particular, Tinecity, Stiffness and Toughness doubled (300%). It can be seen that low polar toluene makes asphalt harder (reduced elasticity) than DMP alone, whereas high polar ethylene glycol, together with DMP, makes asphalt stronger and more elastic. This is because ethylene glycol (dissolution coefficient 17.2) has high polarity and similar dissolution coefficient to DMP (dissolution coefficient 17.8), so that DMP dissolves well and is widely dispersed in asphalt (dissolution coefficient 17.3) having a dissolution coefficient similar to ethylene glycol. As a result, DMP was easily polymerized into polyphenylene oxide (PPO) by the metals and amine compounds present in the asphalt and oxygen in the surrounding air, and the PPO, the polymerized industrial plastic polymer, was characterized. The result of imparting the toughness to the asphalt is the improved physical properties of the modified asphalt.
Experimental Example 3
In order to grasp the fluid properties of the asphalt mixture prepared in Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Example 1, a rheological test was carried out and the results are shown in Table 3. The dynamic shear tester (Rheometer, MCR 300) is used to measure the flow of asphalt or asphalt mixture.
1) G * / sinδ (at 60 ° C)
As a measure of durability against plastic deformation, the value should be at least 1 kPa at high temperatures (60 ° C) and 10 rad / s. The larger this value, the stronger the plastic deformation. G * here means plural shear modulus.
2) G * / sinδ (at 1 kPa)
The plastic deformation temperature of the asphalt or asphalt mixture at 1 kPa. Higher temperature means stronger plastic deformation.
3) δ (at 20 ° C.)
δ is a phase angle of δ = 90 °, indicating that the target material is not elastic at low temperature or room temperature, and δ = 0 ° refers to no viscosity (flexibility). In other words, the smaller the angle δ, the greater the elasticity of the material.
In Table 3, all three items of the rheological properties under consideration were increased as the monomer (DMP) was added to the asphalt and mixed. In particular, when DMP is added together with ethylene glycol (EG), the effect of improving the rheological properties appeared more. For example, the plastic deformation resistance (plastic deformation resistance) of pure asphalt (Comparative Example 1) was 0.5 kPa, but when DMP and EG were added 10% (Example 11), it was 132.2 kPa. When 54 ℃ or 10% of DMP and EG was added, it shows a much higher 98 ℃, it can be seen that significantly increased plastic resistance deformation. This is because EG DMP is better dispersed in asphalt, and it is easily polymerized by the metal, amine compound and surrounding oxygen in the asphalt to produce polyphenylene oxide (PPO), an industrial plastic polymer. By transferring toughness to asphalt, the physical properties of the modified asphalt are greatly improved.
In the physical property experiments so far, the asphalt reforming method of the present invention by adding the monomer as a liquid to the asphalt is made of polyphenylene oxide which is an industrial plastic by the asphalt internal polymerization to increase the mechanical and rheological properties of the asphalt, as a result By improving both the low temperature and high temperature performance of asphalt, it is possible to prevent plastic deformation and cracking in general asphalt, thereby making it possible to compensate for the shortcomings of general asphalt. It is possible to drastically reduce costs used for maintenance.
Experimental Example 4
This experiment is to check whether PPO is generated in asphalt. X-ray diffraction can be used to determine the microstructure of a material and to identify the presence and presence of a material. This is confirmed by the shape of the diffraction curve and the diffraction angle 2θ position. In order to examine the existence and existence of PPO internal polymerization from DMP, Comparative Example 1 (pure asphalt) and PPO synthesized from DMP in the laboratory by purchasing metal and amine compounds present in asphalt, and Example 11 (DMP X-ray diffraction experiment was performed on 10% added asphalt) and the results are shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. The X-ray apparatus used here measured the diffraction angle 2θ in the range of 2 to 60 degrees using XRD9D / MAX 2C (Rigaku Co., Ltd.) to which CuKα (λ = 1.542 kV) was applied.
1 is a pure asphalt diffraction curve of Comparative Example 1. The absence of a crystal peak indicates that the structure is 100% amorphous. FIG. 2 shows a diffraction curve of PPO synthesized in a reactor, wherein PPO is a semicrystalline polymer, its crystallinity is 22%, and its characteristic peak is 2θ = 13 °. FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction curve of modified asphalt in which PPO is generated by adding DMP of Example 11 and polymerizing in asphalt. Figure 3 is a combination of Figures 1 and 2 and the size of the peak is reduced by the amorphous asphalt, but the position is typical of PPO (2θ = 13 °), so the DMP is added to the asphalt and the asphalt metal and It can be seen that PPO was generated in asphalt by internal polymerization of PPO by an amine compound. This indicates that the industrial plastic polymer is produced in the asphalt, and as a result, the physical properties of the asphalt are greatly improved.
Claims (10)
The 2,6-dimethylphenol is used with a polar solvent,
The polar solvent is modified asphalt, characterized in that ethylene glycol.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2603573A (en) * | 1945-08-23 | 1952-07-15 | Shell Dev | Bituminous mixtures and processes for their preparation |
| KR101140501B1 (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2012-04-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Polymer Composition for Modifying Asphalt and Asphalt Composition Comprising The Same |
| KR101227739B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2013-01-29 | 에스케이에너지 주식회사 | Asphalt composition having improved mechanical property and anti-aging property and Method of preparing the Same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US2603573A (en) * | 1945-08-23 | 1952-07-15 | Shell Dev | Bituminous mixtures and processes for their preparation |
| KR101227739B1 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2013-01-29 | 에스케이에너지 주식회사 | Asphalt composition having improved mechanical property and anti-aging property and Method of preparing the Same |
| KR101140501B1 (en) | 2008-10-20 | 2012-04-30 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Polymer Composition for Modifying Asphalt and Asphalt Composition Comprising The Same |
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