KR101232327B1 - Ventilation and smoke-control system used in combination with zone-based cooling and heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is installed in the machine room, the outside air inlet, or the outside air treatment air conditioner for exhausting the indoor air; A vertical air supply duct and a vertical exhaust duct connected to the outside air treatment air conditioner and extending up and down the building through the cavity of the building; And living room air supply ducts and living air exhaust ducts connected to the vertical air supply ducts and the vertical air exhaust ducts, respectively, and branched to the living rooms of each floor. Exhaust air to the outside to ventilate high-rise buildings, and in the event of a fire, exhaust air containing smoke from the fire-generating floor to form negative pressure, and in the upper and lower layers of the fire-fired floor, By supplying outside air, positive pressure is formed to prevent the spread of smoke and smoke removal, supplying fresh outside air in the building, exhausting the air containing pollutants to the outside to ventilate the building, Prevent the fire from spreading outside the fire-generating layer and prevent the spread of smoke in the upper and lower layers and other layers. Thereby protecting the occupants.

Description

VENTILATION AND SMOKE-CONTROL SYSTEM USED IN COMBINATION WITH ZONE-BASED COOLING AND HEATING SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a ventilation and dehumidification system of a high-rise building using a heat pump-based zone heating and cooling system. More specifically, a plurality of dozens or tens After supplying fresh outside air to the floor, exhaust air containing pollutants generated in each floor to the outside and use it as a ventilation system.In case of fire, exhaust air containing smoke from the fire-generating floor to the outside and Iv) to be formed, and in the upper and lower floors of the fire-induced layer, positive air is generated by inflowing outside air, respectively.

In general, a heat pump is a device that absorbs heat from a low temperature heat source, such as ambient heat, such as air, water, geothermal heat, and waste heat sources, to produce high temperature heat. Etc.) is a high efficiency heat conversion device that supplies more energy in the form of heat.

Such a heat pump has a COP (Coefficient of Performance: ratio between useful energy (heating and heating and hot water supply)) and required energy (electric or gas) at a normal operating condition, and has a reduction effect of CO ₂ generation. very big.

Therefore, such heat pumps are classified as representative eco-friendly energy devices that convert unutilized energy such as air, river water, waste water (heat), and new and renewable energy such as geothermal and solar heat into advanced energy for heating, heating, hot water supply and process.

In this regard, heat pump-related technologies that meet the national energy basic directions of energy security, energy efficiency and eco-friendliness are classified as core technologies in the heat recovery use section of the National Technical Guidance (NTRM) and important common technologies in the 14 industrial source technologies. The development and use of heat pumps is encouraged nationally.

According to this situation, in the air-conditioning field of domestic buildings, a zone-based air-conditioning system is developed and distributed to connect various indoor units to outdoor units employing heat pumps to handle cooling and heating loads in buildings.

The operation of the zone-based heating and cooling system based on the heat pump is as follows. That is, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit are connected by piping, and the refrigerant is circulated, and the outdoor unit and the indoor unit perform cooling and heating by changing the roles of the condenser / evaporator according to the operating conditions of the cooling / heating.

Such a heat pump system is a system called EHP, multi AC, system air conditioner, etc. in the related market.

With the recent development of zone-based heating and cooling systems based on large-capacity heat pumps with more than 20 horsepower, the application of heat-pumped zone heating and cooling systems based on heat pumps is increasing in medium and large buildings where central air conditioning was mainly used.

On the other hand, in medium and large buildings, ventilation and ventilation systems should be installed together with air conditioning and heating systems to create a comfortable living environment and to ensure safety from smoke in case of fire.

   Multi-use facility Required ventilation
(㎥ / phosphor · h)        Remarks Underground facility
      Underground history     25 or more      Underground Shopping Mall     36 or more   Store (store) standard    Culture and assembly facilities     Over 29    Sales and sales facilities     Over 29     Medical facility     36 or more    Educational Research and Welfare Facilities     36 or more    Automobile related facilities     27 or more    Other facilities (Jjimjilbang, postpartum care center)     25 or more

       Way         Natural smoke           Machine smoke      Related laws About facilities standards of building
rule Fire safety standards for smoke control equipment
(NFSC 501)      Design means          Bae Yeon Chang          Smoke Control Facility install
object
   Usage  -Cultural and assembly facilities-Sales and sales facilities-Medical facilities-Research centers for educational research and welfare facilities-Children related facilities-Elderly welfare facilities and youth hostels-Sports facilities-Business facilities-Accommodations-Amusement and tourism rest facilities  -Cultural gatherings and sports facilities-Neighborhood living facilities, entertainment facilities, sales and sales facilities, accommodations-Intercity bus stops, railway stations, airport facilities, waiting rooms or rest areas of shipping facilities    Scale       More than 6 floors -Floor area of basement or windowless floor
1,000 m² or more
-The floor area of stage is more than 200㎡
-100 people in the movie theater
Ideal Contents

The effective area of flue windows should be at least one hundredth of the floor area of the building.
Small living room
(Floor area below 400m2)  Large living room (over 400m2 floor area) 1m3 / minm2
Securing more air flow Depending on the conditions, it is possible to secure a flue air volume of 25,000 m3 / h to 65,000 m3 / h per ventilation area

In other words, domestic laws and regulations, such as [Table 1: Domestic standards for ventilation] and [Table 2: Domestic smoke / smoke control standards for living rooms], require ventilation and smoke control systems to be installed in certain buildings to ensure ventilation and smoke capacity above the standard. .

In addition, in such a central air-conditioning system, fresh air is introduced and processed in an air conditioner together with indoor circulation air, and then supplied to the room through a duct to secure a necessary ventilation amount. In addition, when the amount of flue air needs to be secured for ventilation, an air conditioning system is commonly used to implement an economical ventilation system. At this time, the area of the air conditioning duct and the blower capacity of the air conditioner are increased.

On the other hand, in the case of the heat pump based zone heating / heating system mentioned above, a separate ventilation and ventilation system should be installed in the building because it cannot secure the ventilation and ventilation air volume by itself.

Therefore, in the case of heat pump based zone heating / heating system compared to the central air conditioning system, the development and application of effective and economical ventilation and ventilation method combined with the heat pump based zone heating and cooling system occupy an important part in the spread of the system.

As cities become more advanced and integrated around the world, the scale of buildings, skyscrapers and complexes are rapidly progressing.

As of 2005, high-rise buildings are increasing so that the number of high-rise buildings with more than 40 floors is the fourth in the world. The application of heat pump based heating and heating system based on heat pump is being promoted for such high-rise buildings, and related technologies such as pole piping and outdoor unit installation plan are in progress.

However, ventilation and ventilation systems that can be effectively used with zone-based heating and heating systems based on heat pumps installed in high-rise buildings have not been proposed.

In the case of a ventilation unit that is used together with a heat pump based zone heating and cooling system for ventilation in a building, a responsible unit is installed for each zone of each floor to supply outside air to the room through an electric heat exchanger. Not only does not provide adequate ventilation, but the maintenance and management costs are expected to increase.

In addition, regarding the smoke control system, smoke eligibility standards for living rooms are proposed as shown in [Table 3: Review of the application of domestic smoke and smoke standards to living rooms], but there are strong wind pressures and floor elevations in high rise areas. Due to the cause, it may be difficult to install smoke control facilities according to domestic design standards or to secure smoke safety even if applied.

    Way           Natural smoke            Machine smoke    Related laws    Rule about facilities standards of building Fire safety standards for smoke control equipment
(NFSC 501)    Design means           Bae Yeon Chang            Smoke Control Facility   Applicability to high rise buildings -High wind pressure
Reliability on the flue effect -Due to the installation of smoke duct
Floor growth

Therefore, in order to apply the heat pump based zone heating and cooling system as the main air conditioning system for high-rise buildings, it is necessary to improve the ventilation and smoke prevention measures for existing buildings, and to develop a new ventilation and ventilation system that can be effectively used together with the zone based heating and cooling system based on the heat pump. Presentation is required.

In addition, in case of high-rise buildings, due to the strong wind pressure and the height increase in the high-rise area, ventilation and ventilation systems that can be effectively combined with heat pump-based zone heating and cooling systems have not been proposed.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new ventilation and dehumidification system, which is composed of air treatment air conditioner installed in the machine room, various ducts and air volume control dampers, and used for the purpose of ventilation and dehumidification.

The present invention is to solve the conventional problems as described above, the purpose of which is composed of air treatment air conditioner installed in the machine room and various ducts and air volume control damper effectively used in combination with the zone-specific heating and heating system based on heat pump in high-rise building It is to provide a ventilation and ventilation system for the combined use of zone heating and cooling system.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to supply air containing pollutants generated in each layer after supplying fresh air to several or dozens of floors for a high-rise building using a heat pump-based zone heating and cooling system as a main cooling and heating system. Exhaust to the outside to provide a ventilation and ventilation system combined with the air-conditioning system for each zone used as a normal ventilation system.

Another object of the present invention is to discharge the air containing smoke from the fire generating layer to the outside in the event of a fire, so that a negative pressure is formed, and positive pressure by supplying air from the upper and lower layers of the fire generating layer. Iv) to provide a ventilation and ventilation system for the combined use of the heating and cooling system for each zone, which is used as a ventilation system to prevent the spread of smoke.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is installed in the machine room, the outside air treatment, or the air treatment air conditioner for exhausting the indoor air; A vertical air supply duct and a vertical exhaust duct connected to the outside air treatment air conditioner and extending up and down the building through the cavity of the building; And living room air supply ducts and living air exhaust ducts connected to the vertical air supply ducts and the vertical air exhaust ducts, respectively, and branched to the living rooms of each floor. Exhaust air to the outside to ventilate high-rise buildings, and in the event of a fire, exhaust air containing smoke from the fire-generating floor to form negative pressure, and in the upper and lower layers of the fire-fired floor, It provides a ventilation and ventilation system for combined use of air-conditioning and heating system for each zone that prevents and spreads smoke by supplying outside air by supplying outside air.

And the present invention preferably the outside air treatment air conditioner inflow fresh air to process the outside load of the building, through the vertical air supply duct and living room air supply duct to several to several tens of floors in charge of the air treatment air conditioner. After supplying fresh outside air, air containing pollutants generated in each floor of the building is exhausted to the outside through the living room exhaust duct, vertical exhaust duct, and outside air treatment air conditioner to be used as a ventilation system of the zone. Provide concurrent ventilation and ventilation systems.

In addition, the present invention preferably the vertical air supply duct and the living room air supply duct is installed in the connection air supply air volume control damper to adjust the damper opening degree to supply fresh outside air to match the ventilation amount designed for each floor, the vertical exhaust duct The air-conditioning duct in the living room and the air flow control damper is installed at its connection to adjust the damper opening to exhaust the contaminated air to the exhaust volume designed for each floor to the outside. To provide.

And the present invention is preferably the outside air treatment air conditioner to form a negative pressure by exhausting the air containing smoke from the fire generating layer to the outside through the living room exhaust duct and the vertical exhaust duct, the air treatment air conditioner is a fire Positive pressure is formed by supplying outside air through the vertical air supply duct and the living air supply duct in the upper and lower layers of the generated floor to prevent the spread of smoke in the event of a fire in a high-rise building, and use a ventilation and smoke control system for each zone used as a ventilation system. To provide.

In addition, the present invention preferably the vertical air supply duct and the living room air supply duct is installed in the air supply air volume control damper at the connection portion, the exhaust air volume control damper is installed in the connection portion of the vertical exhaust duct and the living room exhaust duct to generate a fire. By completely opening the exhaust air flow control dampers installed in the floor, the air flow control dampers installed in the upper and lower layers of the fired floor, and completely closing the remaining air supply flow damper and exhaust air flow control dampers in all other floors. Exhaust is made in the fire-fired floor, and air is provided in the upper and lower layers of the fire-fired floor, thereby providing a ventilation and smoke control system for the combined air-conditioning and heating system used for the ventilation system.

According to the present invention, a vertical air supply duct and a vertical air exhaust duct are connected to an external air treatment air conditioner that introduces outside air or exhausts indoor air, and the vertical air supply duct and the vertical air exhaust duct are connected to the vertical air supply duct and the living air exhaust duct on each floor. Vertical air supply duct and living room air supply duct are installed at the connection part of the air flow control damper, vertical exhaust air duct and living room exhaust duct is installed at the connection air exhaust control damper is installed in the high-rise building heat pump-based It is effectively used together with zone heating and cooling system.

According to the present invention, several floors or dozens of floors are provided through air-conditioning air conditioners, vertical air supply ducts, living air supply ducts, and air flow control dampers for high-rise buildings that use heat pump-based zone heating and cooling systems as main air-conditioning systems. After supplying fresh air to the outside, the building can be ventilated by exhausting air containing pollutants generated in each floor through the exhaust air volume control damper, the living room exhaust duct, the vertical exhaust duct, and the air treatment air conditioner. .

In addition, according to the present invention, in the event of a fire, a negative pressure is exhausted by exhausting air containing smoke to the outside through the exhaust air volume control damper, the living room exhaust duct, the vertical exhaust duct, and the air treatment air conditioner in the fire generating layer. In the upper and lower layers of the fire-induced layer, positive pressure is formed by supplying the outside air through the outside air treatment air conditioner, the vertical air supply duct, the living room air supply duct, and the air volume control damper. The remaining air supply control dampers and exhaust air flow control dampers in all layers are completely closed to prevent and spread smoke and protect the occupants.

1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which the air-conditioning system for each zone combined ventilation and ventilation system according to the present invention is installed in a high-rise building and used as a ventilation system.
2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a ventilation and ventilation system for each zone heating and cooling system according to the present invention is installed in a high-rise building and used as a ventilation system when a fire occurs.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Zone-specific cooling and heating system combined ventilation and smoke control system 100 according to the present invention is a ventilation and smoke control system of a high-rise building 110 using a heat pump-based zone heating and cooling system as the main cooling and heating system, as shown in FIG.

Zone-specific cooling and heating system combined ventilation and smoke control system 100 according to the present invention is equipped with an outside air treatment air conditioner 120 is installed in the machine room 112, is connected to the outside air treatment air conditioner 120, the joint sphere 124 A vertical air supply duct 130 and a vertical exhaust duct 140 extending along the upper and lower sides of the building 110 and connected to each floor.

In addition, the present invention is connected to the vertical air supply duct 130 and the vertical exhaust duct 140, the living room air supply duct 150 and the living room exhaust duct 160 branched from the cavity 124 to the living room R of each floor. Equipped.

Zone-specific air-conditioning system combined ventilation and smoke control system 100 according to the present invention is used for the purpose of the normal ventilation for the high-rise building 110, in this case, air treatment air conditioner 120 installed in the machine room 112 After the fresh air is introduced into the furnace to process the external air load, the fresh air is supplied to several or dozens of layers in charge of the air treatment air conditioner 120 through the vertical air supply duct 130 and the living room air supply duct 150. do.

In addition, the air containing the pollutants generated in each layer is exhausted to the outside through the living room exhaust duct 160, the vertical exhaust duct 140, the outside air treatment air conditioner 120 is used for ventilation purposes.

In such a case, the zone-based air conditioning and ventilation system and ventilation system 100 according to the present invention is connected to the vertical air supply duct 130 and the living air supply duct 150 to supply fresh air to match the ventilation amount designed for each floor. An air supply air volume control damper 152 is installed.

Similarly, in order to exhaust the polluted air in accordance with the exhaust volume designed for each floor, the airflow volume control damper 162 is also installed at the connection portion between the vertical exhaust duct 140 and the living exhaust duct 160 to adjust the number of dampers. Done.

As described above, the present invention is usually carried out several or tens of times through the air treatment air conditioner 120, the vertical air supply duct 130, the living air supply duct 150, and the air volume control damper 152 for the high-rise building 110. Fresh air is supplied to the two floors, and the pollutants generated in each floor are discharged through the exhaust air volume control damper 162, the living room exhaust duct 160, the vertical exhaust duct 140, and the air treatment air conditioner 120. It is possible to ventilate the building 110 by exhausting the included air to the outside.

In addition, the present invention is also used for the purpose of smoke prevention to prevent the diffusion of smoke in the event of a fire, in this case, as shown in Figure 2, by forming a negative pressure in the fire generating layer (A) to spread the fire to another layer The upper layer (C) and the lower layer (B) of the fire generating layer (A) prevents the penetration of flame or fire-causing substances from the outside by supplying the outside air to form a positive pressure.

That is, when the fire occurs, the fire generating layer (A) in the smoke exhaust duct 160, the vertical exhaust duct 140, the outside air through the air treatment unit 120 through the exhaust air containing smoke to remove the smoke and At the same time, local negative pressure is created to prevent the flame from spreading to other layers.

In addition, the upper layer (C) and the lower layer (B) of the fire generating layer (A) is introduced into the outside air treatment air conditioner 120 installed in the machine room 112, the vertical air supply duct 130 and the fire generating layer ( By supplying outside air through the living room air supply duct 150 of the upper layer (C) and the lower layer (A) of A), local positive pressure is formed in the upper layer (C) and the lower layer (B) of the fire generating layer (A), Prevents flame from penetrating from outside.

At this time, the vertical air supply duct 130 and the living room air supply duct 150 is installed in the connection portion air volume control damper 152 for each floor of the building 110, the vertical exhaust duct 140 and the living room exhaust duct. An air flow rate control damper 162 for each floor may also be installed in the connection portion of the 160 to adjust the air flow rate.

In this case, the exhaust air volume control damper 162 provided in the fire generating layer A and the air supply air volume control damper 152 provided in the upper layer C and the lower layer B of the fire generating layer A are completely removed. The remaining air supply volume control dampers 152 and the exhaust air volume control dampers 162 of all other layers are completely closed.

Therefore, the fire generating layer (A) exhausts the air containing the smoke at an appropriate amount of air so that negative pressure is formed at the same time as the ventilation operation, and the upper layer (C) and the lower layer (B) of the fire generating layer (A) Positive air is formed by supplying fresh air with an appropriate amount of air.

In addition, the fire generating layer (A) and all the layers other than the upper layer (C) and the lower layer (B) keep the air supply volume control dampers 152 and the exhaust air volume control dampers 162 completely closed, such as a fire. It effectively prevents the spread of smoke to the entire floor inside the building 110 in an emergency.

Reference numeral 180 is an outdoor unit, and 182 is an indoor unit.

As described above, the present invention generally includes an outdoor air treatment air conditioner 120 that introduces outside air or exhausts indoor air from a high-rise building 110 that uses a heat pump-based zone heating and cooling system as a main air-conditioning system. After supplying fresh air to several or dozens of floors through the vertical air supply duct 130, the living air supply duct 150, and the air flow control damper 152, the air flow control damper 162 for exhaust and the living air exhaust duct ( 160, through the vertical exhaust duct 140 and the air treatment air conditioner 120 to exhaust the air containing pollutants generated in each floor to the outside to use the ventilation system to ventilate the building 110. have.

In addition, the present invention in the event of a fire, through the exhaust air volume control damper 162, the living room exhaust duct 160, the vertical exhaust duct 140 and the outside air treatment air conditioner 120 in the fire generating layer (A) Negative pressure is formed by exhausting the air containing smoke to the outside, and in the upper layer C and lower layer B of the fire generating layer A, the outside air treatment air conditioner 120 and the vertical air supply duct ( 130, by supplying the outside air through the living room air supply duct 150 and the air supply air volume control damper 152 so that a positive pressure is formed, and the remaining air supply air volume control damper 152 and exhaust of all other layers. By closing the air volume control damper 162 completely, it can be used in parallel as a ventilation system that prevents and spreads smoke.

Therefore, the present invention is to provide a ventilation and ventilation system that can be effectively used in the heat pump-based zone heating and cooling system in a high-rise building.

An embodiment of the present invention described above and shown in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Accordingly, such improvements and modifications are within the scope of the present invention as long as they are obvious to those skilled in the art.

100 ...... Ventilation and ventilation system combined with zone heating and cooling system according to the present invention
110 ...... Skyscrapers 112 ...... Machine room
120 ...... Air treatment air conditioner 124 ......
130 ...... Vertical air supply duct 140 ...... Vertical exhaust duct
150 ...... Limited air supply duct 152 ...... Air flow control damper
160 ...... Exhaust duct for living room 162 ...... Air volume control damper for exhaust
180 ..... Outdoor unit 182 ...... Indoor unit
A ............ fire layer B ...... lower floor
C ............ Upper Floor R ...... Living Room

Claims (5)

An air treatment air conditioner (120) installed in the machine room (112) to introduce outside air or to exhaust indoor air; A vertical air supply duct 130 and a vertical exhaust duct 140 connected to the outside air treatment air conditioner 120 and extending up and down the building through the cavity 124 of the building; And a living air supply duct 150 and a living room exhaust duct 160 connected to the vertical air supply duct 130 and the vertical air exhaust duct 140 and branched to the living room of each floor.
Normally supply fresh air to the room, ventilate high-rise buildings by exhausting air containing pollutants generated from each floor to the outside,
In the event of a fire, negative pressure is formed by exhausting air containing smoke from the fire-generating layer to the outside, and positive pressure is formed by supplying air from the upper and lower layers of the fire-fired layer to spread the smoke. Prevents and smokes,
The outside air treatment air conditioner is configured to exhaust the air containing smoke to the outside through the living room exhaust duct 160 and the vertical exhaust duct 140 in the fire generating layer, and the outside air treatment air conditioner generates a fire Used as a smoke control system that prevents the spread of smoke between floor and floor in case of fire in high-rise buildings by forming positive pressure by supplying outside air through the vertical air supply duct 130 and the living room air supply duct 150 in the upper and lower floors of the floor. As being
The outside air treatment air conditioner receives fresh outside air and processes the outside load of the building, and then supplies fresh outside air to several to several tens of floors in charge of the outside air handling air conditioner through the vertical air supply duct and the living room air supply duct. Zoned air-conditioning system combined ventilation, characterized in that it is used as a ventilation system of the building by exhausting the air containing pollutants generated in each floor of the building to the outside through the living room exhaust duct, vertical exhaust duct and air treatment air conditioner Ventilation system. delete According to claim 1, The vertical air supply duct and the living room air supply duct is installed in the connection air supply air volume control damper to adjust the damper opening to supply fresh air to match the ventilation amount designed for each floor, and the vertical exhaust duct and In the living room exhaust duct, the airflow control damper is installed at the connection part to adjust the damper opening to exhaust the contaminated air to the outside according to the exhaust capacity designed for each floor to be used as a ventilation system for each zone. And ventilation systems. delete The floor of claim 1, wherein the vertical air supply duct and the living room air supply duct are provided with air supply air volume control dampers at their connection portions, and air flow air volume control dampers are provided at the connection portions between the vertical air exhaust ducts and the living air exhaust ducts. The exhaust air volume control damper installed at the air conditioner and the air supply air volume control dampers installed at the upper and lower layers of the fired floor completely open, and the other air supply air volume control dampers and exhaust air volume control dampers in all other layers are completely closed. Ventilation is performed in the generated floor, and the air-conditioning system for each zone is used as a ventilation system so that the air supply is made in the upper and lower floors of the fired floor.

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