KR101230524B1 - Artificial Ice Ridge and Manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a basic structure vertically installed on the ground, a refrigerant pipe connected to a cooler to inject and discharge a refrigerant by a pump, and a vertical structure connected to the refrigerant pipe and vertically supported by the basic structure. It is wired in a state to have a freezing temperature by the supply of a refrigerant to include a cooling hose to form an ice surface in front of the base structure by crystal growth of ice generated by condensation on the surface of the moisture provided from the outside.

Description

Artificial Ice Ridge and Manufacturing Method

The present invention relates to an artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, and more particularly, to an artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus for easily installing artificial ice surface having a state similar to the natural ice wall.

The skating rink, which is generally one of the ice facilities, is one of the sports facilities used by many people around the world. When doing this exercise on natural ice, either an appropriately sized outdoor or indoor link should be provided. The construction and management of outdoor links depends on the weather, and such links cannot be used in warm climates or in warm seasons.

Indoor links using natural ice, on the other hand, must be equipped with concentrated cooling systems to maintain the ice surface at an appropriate temperature and to prevent the ice from melting. In addition, ice skating links made of natural ice, whether outdoors or indoors, require a costly ice surface retouching device, as the surface must be periodically resurfaced to maintain a smooth ice surface and be sufficient for skating.

Therefore, recently, artificial ice using plastics has been developed and used in ice rinks. The natural ice rink is fixed and can not be moved once constructed, whereas the ice rink using artificial ice can be easily installed in any place, and it is convenient to move and install as needed. Due to its lifetime, it has advantages that are not comparable with natural ice rinks. In addition, the natural ice rink has a disadvantage in that it suffers a financial deficit due to the huge investment costs and maintenance costs after the installation of the ice machine and electric bills, but the ice rink using artificial ice has little cost because it costs little to maintain, repair and maintain. It is an economical product that solves the shortcomings of natural ice rinks, which can maximize profits at cost, and do not freeze ice due to turbulent movement, or the ice sheet is likely to be rough due to snow or rain.

However, such conventional plastic artificial ice does not maintain strength and transparency as natural ice, and there is a problem that it is difficult to enjoy skating as on natural ice due to the lack of sliding due to the characteristics of the material.

In addition, the ice rink using a conventional plastic artificial ice, unpleasant smell and debris is generated as the plastic rubs with the skate, there is also a problem that such debris is not recycled.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to manufacture an artificial ice wall having a predetermined height and width in a room or any place, thereby providing an artificial ice structure and an ice wall manufacturing apparatus using the same that can experience ice climbing without being restricted by time and place. There is.

An object of the present invention is to be able to install the artificial ice wall indoor or any place irrespective of the installation place so that the artificial ice wall can be applied for exhibition purposes.

An object of the present invention is to be able to select and form the thickness of the artificial ice wall, the slope of the ice wall and the deformation of the ice wall surface arbitrarily.

An object of the present invention is to provide a turbidity and hardness of the ice surface similar to the natural ice wall by selectively supplying moisture to the ice surface.

The artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention for achieving the above object is a coolant pipe for injecting and discharging the coolant by a pump connected to the cooler and is disposed in the basic structure perpendicular to the ground, and the coolant, Connected to the refrigerant pipe and piped in a state of being vertically supported by the foundation structure to have a freezing temperature by supplying the refrigerant to condense the moisture provided on the surface to form crystals while forming ice to form ice walls on the foundation structure. Contains a cooling hose.

According to the present invention, the foundation structure is a wall vertically erected on a flat plate provided with a plurality of members, the mesh is installed around the wall, and provided in front of the mesh to provide a fluid in front of the mesh, the fluid is It is composed of ice growing means for condensing the fluid in the cooling hose so as to spray the finely divided particle pores in the form of dense water film to crystallize the ice or to supply water to the ice surface.

According to the present invention, the wall is provided with a plurality of vertical frame vertically entered, a horizontal frame connected to the vertical frame in the horizontal direction, and the locking member is installed across the horizontal frame and protrudes in front of the wall, It is composed of a joint member installed on the front of the horizontal frame located in front of the wall to fix the mesh, and a support member having a plurality of grooves and vertically placed inside the wall.

According to the present invention, the mesh is installed in front of the wall, the other peripheral surface except the front of the wall is installed a plate.

According to the invention, it is configured to further include a reinforcing rib on the edge of the plate and the wall.

According to the present invention, the ice growth means is installed in the circumference of the front of the mesh nozzle is installed to form a dense water film of finely divided particle pores through the fluid in front of the mesh to crystallize the ice condensed in the cooling hose Or to moisturize the ice surface.

According to the present invention, the ice growth means has a pipe line around the front of the mesh, and the oscillator irradiates the fluid with ultrasonic waves to generate ultra fine particles of water to mount the steam means for evaporating the steam by the air flow surface cooling hose Water is further condensed to crystallize the ice, or to further moisturize the ice.

According to the present invention, the foundation structure including the cooling hose is configured to be installed to be connected to one or more of the foundation structure in accordance with the installation space of the ice surface.

According to the present invention, the refrigerant pipe is composed of the injection pipe and the discharge pipe, by connecting the cooling hose one side and the other side to the injection pipe and the discharge pipe, respectively, the refrigerant supplied from the cooler is introduced into the cooling hose through the injection pipe and discharged It is configured to be discharged to the pipe and recirculated to the cooler.

The artificial ice wall manufacturing method of the present invention comprises the steps of installing the foundation structure including the cooling hose in the ground, and connecting the one side and the other side of the cooling hose to the injection pipe and the discharge pipe connected in parallel to the cooler, respectively, the refrigerant supplied from the cooler is After entering the cooling hose through the injection pipe and circulating and discharged to the discharge pipe to be re-supplied to the cooler, and when the cooling hose surface has a freezing temperature by the refrigerant, the fluid is injected into the cooling hose to the cooling hose surface Condensation of water in the fluid causes the colon to grow and simultaneously fills the ice sludge with the inside of the foundation structure, and grows the colon while the ice sludge is integrated by supplying water. Supplying fluid until it is formed into an ice wall containing the mesh. It is.

According to the present invention, the step of installing the foundation structure comprises the steps of installing a surface plate fixed in the form of a grid, a step of placing a plurality of vertical frames on the upper surface of the surface plate, and a horizontal frame in a horizontal direction on a pair of vertical frames Positioning the connected wall assembly surfaces to correspond to each other, and then connecting them to a horizontal frame to complete a wall having a frame shape, installing a locking member to protrude forward from the wall, and supporting a cooling hose in the wall; And installing a joint member on the front wall, engaging the cooling hose with the support member so that the cooling hose is vertically piped, and installing a mesh on the front wall through the joint member. Is made of.

According to the present invention, an ice growth means is installed in front of the foundation to further supply a fluid to the surface of the ice surface in the form of a water film or steam to have a turbidity and hardness similar to ice crystal growth and natural ice wall of the ice surface. .

According to the present invention, after the cooling hose is connected to the injection pipe and the discharge pipe, the step of maintaining the indoor space in which the basic structure is installed at a low temperature.

The artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention as described above can be easily manufactured in a short time by installing a structure having a freezing temperature and enabling ice crystal growth in a room or any place in a short time. By doing so, there is an effect to improve the efficiency of the artificial ice wall production.

In addition, the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can be installed in the room or any place irrespective of the place to install the artificial ice wall has an effect that can be applied to the artificial ice wall as an exhibition or decorative sculpture.

In addition, the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention can control the crystal growth of the ice through the ice growth means to be able to arbitrarily form the thickness of the artificial ice wall, the slope of the ice wall and the protrusion deformation of the ice wall surface, the degree of difficulty of climbing the ice wall When the artificial ice wall is applied as a sculpture, it is possible to express the shaping beauty close to the natural ice wall.

In addition, the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has an effect of having a turbidity and hardness of the ice surface similar to the ice quality of the natural ice wall by continuously supplying steam or moisture.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a step showing the artificial ice wall manufacturing method of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a step showing the installation procedure of the foundation structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the foundation structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the foundation structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, in the drawings, it is noted that the same components or parts are denoted by the same reference numerals as possible. In describing the present invention, detailed descriptions of related well-known functions or configurations are omitted in order not to obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view showing a basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, Figure 3 is a basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention 4 is a step view showing the artificial ice wall manufacturing method of the present invention, Figure 5 is a step diagram showing the installation procedure of the basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, Figure 6 is an artificial 7 is an exploded perspective view showing another embodiment of the basic structure of the ice wall manufacturing apparatus, Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the basic structure of the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

First, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is composed of a base structure 100, a refrigerant pipe 200, and a cooling hose 300.

The foundation structure 100 is formed in a frame shape and is placed perpendicular to the ground.

The refrigerant pipe 200 is connected to the cooler 230 to inject and discharge the refrigerant by the pump 240.

In addition, the cooling hose 300 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 200 and piped in a state vertically supported by the foundation structure 100 to have a freezing temperature by the supply of the refrigerant to condense water generated from the outside condensation on the surface Crystal growth to form an ice wall in front of the foundation 100.

Looking at the configuration of the foundation 100 in detail.

The foundation 100 is composed of a wall 110, a mesh 120 and ice growth means 130.

The wall 110 is placed vertically on a plate 140 in which a plurality of members are provided in a lattice.

A plurality of vertical frames 111 are provided to enable this, and the vertical frames 111 are provided in pairs on the upper surface of the flat plate 140 and then vertically placed therein.

In addition, the horizontal frame 112 is connected to the vertical frame 111 in a horizontal direction in multiple layers so that the pair of vertical frames 111 are combined in one modification.

In this way, a horizontal frame 112 is provided with one more vertical frame 111 of one modification, which is arranged to face each other, and then the horizontal frames 112 are connected to each other to form a rectangular column.

Thereafter, the reinforcing ribs 141 are further installed at the edges of the flat plate 140 and the vertical frame 111 and then fixed to each other by welding or fastening means.

Then, the locking member 113 is installed across the horizontal frame 112 and protrudes in front of the wall 110 so that the locking member 113 can reinforce the vertical support force of the ice wall when the ice surface is formed.

In addition, the horizontal frame 112 located in front of the wall 110 is installed on the front surface of the mesh member 120 to be fixed in close contact with the installation member 114, to secure a space between the mesh 120 and the front surface of the wall 110 to the ice in the cooling hose 300 As the mesh 120 is accommodated inside the ice wall formed by crystal growth, the durability of the ice wall can be improved.

In addition, a plurality of support members 115 are installed vertically in the wall 110, and a plurality of grooves are sequentially formed in the front of the support member 115, and a cooling hose 300 is vertically installed in the wall 110 by combining cooling hoses 300 in the grooves. Maintain a 300 piped state.

In addition, the mesh 120 is installed around the wall 110, the mesh 120 having a void is installed in front of the wall 110, the remaining circumferential surface except the front of the wall 110 to install a plate 121 of ice sludge and water to be described later Prevent external spills.

In addition, the ice growth means 130 is installed in front of the wall 110 to provide a fluid in front of the wall 110, the fluid is sprayed in the form of a dense water film of fine particles of particle pores to condense the fluid in the cooling hose 300 Crystals grow or moisturize the ice.

In another embodiment of the ice growth means 130, a pipe 131 is installed around the front of the mesh, and the pipe 131 is equipped with a steam means 133 for generating a super fine particle of water by irradiating the ultrasonic wave to the fluid to evaporate the vapor by the air flow. Moisture is condensed on the surface of the cooling hose 300 to grow ice crystals or to supply water to ice.

This allows the crystal growth of the ice to be controlled through the ice growing means 130 so that the thickness of the artificial ice wall, the slope of the ice wall, and the protrusion deformation of the surface of the ice wall can be arbitrarily formed, thereby making ice wall suitable for the course difficulty of ice climbing. At the same time, if artificial ice wall is used as a sculpture, it can express plasticity close to natural ice wall.

Furthermore, by continuously supplying steam or moisture through the ice growing means 130, it is possible to have turbidity and hardness of ice surface similar to ice quality of natural ice wall.

As described above, when the basic structure 100 is completed, the refrigerant is circulated in the cooling hose 300 installed in the wall 110.

That is, the refrigerant pipe 200 is composed of the injection pipe 210 and the discharge pipe 220, by connecting one side and the other side of the cooling hose 300 to the injection pipe 210 and the discharge pipe 220, respectively, the refrigerant supplied from the cooler 230 is pumped by the pump 240 is injected After entering the cooling hose 300 through the pipe 210 to be discharged to the discharge pipe 220 to have a freezing temperature of the cooling hose 300 by the circulation of the refrigerant.

As a result, when the fluid is injected into the cooling hose 300 having the freezing temperature by the circulation of the refrigerant, ice is condensed on the surface of the cooling hose 300 and ice is formed. Wherein, the ice wall grows the crystal of the ice by a thickness that can be accommodated by the locking member 113 and the mesh 120.

In particular, when the ice wall is formed by the cooling hose 300, the ice sludge obtained by crushing the ice into the wall 110 is maintained to maintain the rapidity and robustness of the ice wall formation.

The foundation structure 100 for forming the ice wall in such a configuration may be installed in conjunction with one or more of the foundation structure 100 in accordance with the installation space of the ice wall.

The artificial ice wall manufacturing method using the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is as follows.

First, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, the artificial ice wall manufacturing method of the present invention through the step of installing the foundation structure 100 including the cooling hose 300 from the ground, the foundation structure 100 by the plate 140 Wall 110 is placed on the ground
Is installed.

Specifically, the step of installing the foundation structure 100 includes the steps of installing a surface plate fixed in the form of a grid, a step of placing a plurality of vertical frames 111 on the upper surface of the surface plate, a horizontal frame in a horizontal direction on a pair of vertical frame 111 Comprising a wall 110 assembling surface 112 connected to each other and then connected to the horizontal frame 112 to complete the wall 110 having a frame shape, and to install the locking member 113 to protrude forward to the wall 110, inside the wall 110 Installing a support member 115 for supporting the cooling hose 300 in the step, Installing a joint member 114 on the front wall 110, and engaging the cooling hose 300 in the support member 115 so that the cooling hose 300 is vertically piped And, through the fitting member 114 consists of installing a mesh 120 on the front wall 110.

 Thereafter, one side and the other side of the cooling hose 300 are connected to the injection pipe 210 and the discharge pipe 220 connected in parallel to the cooler 230, respectively, and the refrigerant supplied from the cooler 230 flows into the cooling hose 300 through the injection pipe 210 and then circulates. The cycle is to be discharged to the pipe 220 and re-supplied to the cooler 230.

Here, after connecting the cooling hose 300 to the injection pipe 210 and the discharge pipe 220 to maintain an indoor space in which the foundation structure 100 is installed at a low temperature below zero to create an environment that can form the ice wall more quickly.

The low temperature below zero is preferably -10 ° C to -30 ° C, and may be maintained at a lower temperature than the temperature mentioned above for rapid formation of ice walls.

Preferably, after the ice wall is formed, the room temperature is -4 ° C, and the humidity is 60% to 70%, which is a condition for maintaining optimal ice quality.

In addition, after the formation of the ice wall to be described later, the temperature of the indoor space is maintained at 10 ° C. or less, thereby enabling the maintenance of the shape of the ice wall by circulation of the refrigerant while ensuring the activity of the human body in the installation space of the ice wall.

Next, when the refrigerant has a freezing temperature by the cooler 230, the refrigerant is pumped into the injection pipe 210 through the pump 240, and the refrigerant is injected into the cooling hose 300.

The refrigerant circulates through the cooling hose 300 so that the surface of the cooling hose 300 has a freezing temperature. Since the refrigerant discharged through the cooling hose 300 generates heat loss, the refrigerant is stored in the reserve tank 250 through the discharge pipe 220. Afterwards it is fed back to the cooler 230 to restore the freezing temperature of the heat lost refrigerant.

Then, when the surface of the cooling hose 300 has a freezing temperature by the refrigerant, the fluid is injected into the cooling hose 300 to condense moisture on the surface of the cooling hose 300 to grow the colon, and at the same time, install ice sludge inside the foundation 100. Ice sludge is integrated by hydration and colon growth.

That is, by injecting a fluid in the cooling hose 300, ice is formed by condensing moisture on the surface of the cooling hose 300, the ice grows crystallized by the continuous supply of the fluid to make an ice wall on the surface of the cooling hose 300, the locking member 113 and The ice crystals of the ice wall are grown to a thickness that the mesh 120 can accommodate.

In addition, the ice sludge is introduced into the wall 110 at the time when the ice wall is formed by the cooling hose 300 is integrated with the ice wall formed in the cooling hose 300 to maintain the firmness of the ice wall.

Finally, the manufacturing of the ice wall is completed by supplying a fluid until ice crystals growing on the surface and inside of the foundation structure 100 form an ice wall containing the mesh 120.

As described above, the manufactured ice wall has a turbidity and hardness similar to or the same as that of the natural ice wall through the ice growing means 130.

An ice growth means 130 is further installed in front of the foundation 100 to supply fluid to the surface of the ice surface in the form of a water film or vapor, thereby enabling ice crystal growth on the ice surface.

That is, the thickness of the ice wall can be adjusted by making the ice crystal grow by the continuous supply of water, and if the discharge of the fluid / vapor in the plurality of nozzles 132 or the steam means 133 is concentrated at a specific position, the ice wall can be changed by the difference of the ice crystal growth. It can be formed in an irregular shape, or can be formed to the slope.

This allows ice crystals to be controlled through ice growing means, so that the thickness of the artificial ice wall, the inclination of the ice wall, and the protrusion deformation of the ice wall surface can be arbitrarily formed, thereby enabling ice wall formation suitable for the course difficulty of ice climbing. At the same time, if the artificial ice wall is applied as a sculpture, it can express the beauty of shape close to the natural ice wall.

And, by continuously supplying steam or moisture to have a turbidity and hardness of ice surface similar to the ice of natural ice wall.

The reason for this moisture is to provide a good ice wall.

Ice is determined by the temperature at which water freezes, the amount of air contained in the ice, humidity and freezing time.

Primarily, the hardness of ice is determined by humidity.

Typically, ice freezes with air removed and the surface is transparent and hard.

Such ice has a disadvantage in that it is not suitable for ice climbing conditions because the ice is hard to scratch the ice wall due to its high hardness.

In addition to the disadvantage that the climbing mechanism such as the pickle or Eisen is not held on the ice surface, there was a problem that the crack occurs in the entire ice when the impact force more than the hardness of the ice is applied to the ice surface.

In order to solve this problem, the ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention sprays a fluid onto an ice surface through ice growing means in the form of a water film, or sprays it with steam so that air is included in ice crystals, so that the surface of the ice wall has a milky color. Also, ice can be made of soft and plastic ice, so that it can be easily gripped when hitting climbing equipment.

As a result, in order to solve the problem that the ice wall is broken or cracks due to the use of pickle and eisen during artificial ice climbing, it is only to damage the area hit by the pickle and eigen due to the humidity and air.

In the conventional case, since the hardness of the ice is high because the humidity and air content are low, the yield point due to plastic deformation due to the impact of the climbing mechanism is high, so that the entire strain of the ice wall is cracked or destroyed. By increasing the strain hardening by increasing the content, by providing the striking force through the climbing mechanism, the residual stress remains and only partially deformed, thereby preventing cracking or breaking of the entire ice wall.

The artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus of the present invention as described above can be easily manufactured in a short time by installing a structure having a freezing temperature and enabling ice crystal growth in a room or any place in a short time. By doing so, the efficiency of the artificial ice wall manufacturing can be improved.

In addition, the artificial ice wall may be applied as an exhibition or a decorative sculpture by allowing the artificial ice wall to be installed indoors or at any place regardless of the place where the artificial ice wall is to be installed.

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes are possible within the scope without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be evident to those who have knowledge of.

10: artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus 100: basic structure
110: wall 111: vertical frame
112: horizontal frame 113: locking member
114: connecting member 115: support member
120: mesh 121: plate
130: ice growing means 131: pipeline
132: nozzle 133: steam means
140: flat plate 141: reinforcing rib
200: refrigerant pipe 210: injection pipe
220: discharge pipe 230: cooler
240: pump 250: reserve tank
300: cooling hose

Claims (13)

A plurality of members are placed vertically on a plate provided with a lattice, and a mesh is installed around the wall, and a mesh is installed in front of the mesh to provide a fluid in front of the mesh, wherein the fluid is in the form of a dense membrane with finely divided particle pores. A basic structure placed vertically on the ground, consisting of ice growing means for condensing a fluid in a cooling hose to spray ice to grow crystals or to supply water to ice.
A refrigerant pipe disposed in the vicinity of the foundation structure to inject and discharge the refrigerant by a pump connected to the cooler;
Connected to the refrigerant pipe and piped in a vertically supported state by the foundation structure to have a freezing temperature by supply of refrigerant to condense moisture provided on the surface to crystallize while forming ice to form an ice wall on the foundation structure. Artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus comprising a cooling hose. delete The method of claim 1,
Wherein the wall comprises:
A vertical frame provided in plurality and vertically placed therein,
A horizontal frame connected to the vertical frame in a horizontal direction;
A locking member installed across the horizontal frame and protruding in front of the wall;
A joint member installed at the front of the horizontal frame located in front of the wall to fix the mesh;
An artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus comprising a support member having a plurality of grooves and vertically placed inside a wall. The method of claim 1,
The mesh is installed in front of the wall, the artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that the remaining peripheral surface except the front wall is configured to install a plate. The method of claim 1,
An artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that configured to further include a reinforcing rib on the edge of the plate and the wall. The method of claim 1,
The ice growth means is provided with a nozzle-mounted pipe circumference around the front of the mesh to form a dense water film with finely divided particle pores through the fluid in front of the mesh to crystallize the ice condensed in the cooling hose or to moisture on the ice surface. Artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that configured to supply. The method of claim 1,
The ice growth means is provided with a conduit around the front mesh, the oscillator irradiates the fluid with ultrasonic waves to generate ultra-fine particles of water to mount the vapor means for evaporating the vapor by the air flow condensing moisture on the surface of the cooling hose Crystal ice growing, or artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus further comprises so as to supply moisture to the ice surface. The method of claim 1,
The foundation structure including the cooling hose is an artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that configured to be installed to be connected to one or more of the foundation structure in accordance with the installation space of the ice surface. The method of claim 1,
The refrigerant pipe is composed of an injection pipe and an exhaust pipe, and one side and the other side of the cooling hose are connected to the injection pipe and the discharge pipe, respectively, and the refrigerant supplied from the cooler flows into the cooling hose through the injection pipe, and then is discharged into the discharge pipe. Artificial ice wall manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that configured to be recycled to. delete delete delete delete

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