KR101230238B1 - Apparatus for picking up power for moving object and method for compensating power thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A power collecting device for a moving object and a power compensating method thereof are provided to optimally operate the moving object by minimizing interference between a plurality of unit collecting devices to improve power transmission efficiency. CONSTITUTION: A power collecting device(210) collects power by magnetic induction coupling with a feeding device(200) and is composed of a plurality of unit collecting devices(210_1 to 210_K). The unit collecting device includes a sub collecting unit(211) and a compensating unit(213). The collecting unit includes two or more sub collecting units which are adjacently arranged to collect power. The compensating unit is formed on one side of the sub collecting unit and compensates a current flowing in the sub collecting unit.

Description

Current collector for moving object and power compensation method of the device {Apparatus for Picking Up Power for Moving Object and Method for Compensating Power Thereof}

An embodiment of the present invention relates to a current collector for a moving object and a power compensation method of the device. More specifically, in a system using electric power received in a non-contact manner from a mobile body such as an online electric vehicle or a train, the current collector may be configured to have a plurality of unit integrated devices, and the mobile unit may reduce interference between the plurality of unit current collectors. A current collector and a power compensation method of the device.

The contents described in the following sections provide background information related to the embodiments of the present invention, but it does not constitute a prior art.

Countries around the world are actively supporting the development of eco-friendly vehicles due to tightening environmental regulations, depletion of petroleum resources, and oil price hikes. . Under these circumstances, the development of electric vehicles using electric energy has emerged as one of the representative next-generation car technologies, but the electric vehicles currently under development have limitations such as one-time mileage, weight, price, time required for charging, and construction of charging infrastructure. have.

Against this background, technology development for an on-line electric vehicle system is currently underway that overcomes the limitations of the electric vehicle and ultimately can be collected and charged while driving. One of the representative technologies in the online electric vehicle system is a technology of dividing a feeder into several segments and controlling each segment on / off according to the progress of the vehicle.

1 is a view showing a driving system of a conventional online electric vehicle.

As shown in FIG. 1, a conventional on-line electric vehicle includes a power line 100 installed in a driving path and a power collecting coil / rectifier provided at the electric vehicle to collect and rectify the power provided by the power line 100. 110, a battery / charge circuit 120 for charging the battery with the voltage provided by the power collector coil / rectifier 110 and a motor 130 driven by the power provided by the battery. In this way, by driving the motor 130, the on-line electric vehicle can run the driving path.

Considering the optimal operation of the online electric vehicle or the life of the battery, etc., power transmission from the power line 100 of the driving path to the electric power collecting coil / rectifier 110 of the online electric vehicle should be maximized.

However, since the leakage inductance is generated in the power collector coil / rectifier 110 of the online electric vehicle, for example, when the leakage inductance is large, it is necessary to compensate the magnetic inductance in order to draw the maximum power from the power collector coil / rectifier 110. There is. On the other hand, Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-0074330 (2011.06.30. Electric vehicle segment segment to minimize the magnetic field interference between segments) discloses the content of minimizing the magnetic field interference between the feed segments.

In addition, in the case of online electric vehicles, high power may be required. In this case, it is not only difficult to construct a system to provide high power, but also has a lot of difficulties in compensating magnetic inductance at high power. have.

An embodiment of the present invention comprises a current collector in a mobile body composed of a plurality of unit current collector, and can minimize the interference between the unit current collector to maximize the power transfer efficiency and power compensation method of the device. The purpose is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention is a current collector related to the power pickup (Pickup) of the moving object, including two or more sub current collectors disposed adjacent to each other to collect the power, Two or more sub current collectors; And a compensator configured to be provided at one side of the sub current collector to compensate for the current flowing in the sub current collector.

The sub current collector may include a winding wire having an inductance component, and the compensator may include a capacitor.

The two or more sub current collectors may be connected in series so that their polarities coincide with each other.

The current collector for the mobile body further includes a current source, and the current source is used for power compensation of the sub current collector as a transformer and may provide a current in a range less than or equal to a rated current source for driving the current collector for the mobile body. have.

The current source may be connected to the power feeding device to provide a current that is less than or equal to the rated current source.

The current source may have a single frequency component and have a quasi-square wave shape.

In order to achieve the above object, another embodiment of the present invention, with respect to the power pickup (Pickup) of the moving object, is disposed on the two or more sub-current collector disposed adjacent to each other and connected in series and provided on one side of the sub-current collector A power compensation method of a current collector for a mobile body having a compensator for compensating a current provided to a current collector, the method comprising: applying a random frequency to both ends of a unit current collector including the sub current collector and the compensator to identify a resistance component; step; Providing a first current having the arbitrary frequency to two or more of the unit current collectors connected in series with each other; Measuring a phase and a magnitude of a voltage in the unit current collector; Calculating a compensation value of the compensation unit in the unit current collector; Relocating the compensation unit based on the calculated compensation value of the compensation unit; Determining whether a phase of a voltage and a current is in phase in the unit current collector in which the compensation unit is rearranged, or determining whether the magnitudes of the voltage and the current are equal to or within an error range; Judging whether the phase is in phase or the magnitudes of the voltage and current are equal to each other or within an error range, whether or not the phase is in phase with the second current; And as a result of the trial, the phase is in phase or the size is the same or within the error range, and provides a power compensation method for a current collector for a mobile body, characterized in that it comprises the step of completing the compensation.

The first current may be less than or equal to the second current.

As a result of the determination, when the phase is different or the magnitude is not the same or out of the error range, the process may be repeated to provide the first current and the subsequent steps may be repeated.

As a result of the judging step, when the phases are different or the magnitudes are not the same or out of the error range, the phase and the magnitudes may be returned to the step of measuring the phases and magnitudes, and subsequent steps may be repeated.

According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the current collector in the mobile body is configured to include a plurality of unit current collectors, and by minimizing interference between the unit current collectors, high power can be used in the mobile body, and power efficiency can be improved.

In addition, by maximizing power efficiency, not only the moving body can be operated in an optimal state, but also the life of the battery and the like can be extended.

1 is a view showing a drive system of a conventional online electric vehicle,
2 is a view showing the structure of a current collector for a moving body according to an embodiment of the present invention,
3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power supply device in a moving body and the current collector of FIG. 2;
4 is a diagram illustrating a connection state of a sub current collector of FIG. 2;
5 is an exemplary view of a capacitor connected to one side of the sub current collector of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a phaser diagram of k sub-current collectors when the compensation of the capacitor of FIG. 5 is not completed.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of compensating for interference between unit current collectors of the current collector for a mobile body of FIG. 2; FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a current source used in the compensation process of FIG. 7.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In adding reference numerals to the elements of each drawing, it should be noted that the same elements may be denoted by the same reference numerals as much as possible because they may be displayed on different drawings. In addition, in describing the present invention, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related well-known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in describing the component of this invention, terms, such as 1st, 2nd, A, B, (a), (b), can be used. These terms are intended to distinguish the constituent elements from other constituent elements, and the terms do not limit the nature, order or order of the constituent elements. When a component is described as being "connected", "coupled", or "connected" to another component, the component may be directly connected to or connected to the other component, It should be understood that an element may be "connected," "coupled," or "connected."

2 is a view showing the structure of a current collector of a moving body such as an online electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 2, the current collecting device 210 of the moving body according to the embodiment of the present invention collects electric power by magnetic induction coupling with the power feeding device 200 provided in a driving path of an on-line electric vehicle. The device includes a plurality of unit current collectors 210_1 to 210_K, and each unit current collector 210_1 to 210_K includes a sub current collector 211 and a compensator 213.

Here, the current collector 210 includes two or more sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k disposed adjacent to each other. According to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when the current collector 210 has K = 5, the current collector 210 has five sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k arranged side by side in a plurality of rows as illustrated in FIG. 2. The plurality of sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k may be configured as one package, and each sub current collector L ₁ to L _k is formed as an independent package, and each package is electrically connected in series. The current collector 210 may be configured. The sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k may be constituted by windings respectively wound, for example, as a secondary coil of a transformer, and each sub current collector L ₁ to L _k has an inductance component. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k will not be particularly limited to the coil.

In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, each winding constituting the sub-current collectors L ₁ to L _k is considered to have an important polarity. In other words, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper end has positive polarity (+) and the lower end has negative polarity (−). Here, the bipolarity and the negative polarity are relative concepts, for example, each of the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k may be wound in the same direction when viewed from the lower end to the upper end. In this case, when a current flows through the power supply device 200, the current induced in each sub-current collector L ₁ to L _k by the magnetic flux generated by the power supply device 200 is in the same direction. Thus, for each sub-collector part (L ₁ ~ L _k) is formed as an independent package when each package is electrically series-connected to configure a current collector (210), each of the sub-collector (L ₁ ~ L _k) The polarity of the winding is preferably connected to a power supply line, that is, a power supply line constituting a power supply device of an on-line electric vehicle so that a low current of several amps [A] is applied so that the phase of the terminal voltage becomes in phase. . This will be discussed in more detail later. Meanwhile, an embodiment of the present invention may be used for an online electric vehicle, but the present invention is not limited thereto and may be applied to power supply of all moving objects such as a train and a crane.

When the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k are disposed adjacent to each other as described above, each of the windings forming one sub current collector has mutual inductance with the windings of other neighboring sub current collectors. For this reason, when a plurality of sub current collectors are provided, mutual inductance exhibits a negative effect on the electromotive force induced in the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k .

The compensator 213 compensates for negative effects such as mutual inductance shown in the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k . To this end, the compensator 213 may be connected to one side of each sub current collector L ₁ to L _k , and each compensator 213 may include a capacitor. Such a capacitor may compensate for mutual inductance by being involved in the regulation of the current flowing in the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k .

In addition, the compensator 213 allows the terminal voltage and the current of each of the windings to be in phase when the windings of the respective sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k are completely compensated, that is, in a resonance state. When all windings are fully compensated, the terminal voltages and currents of the entire windings are in phase, resulting in optimal power collection.

Then, the configuration principle of the current collector for a mobile body according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 in more detail.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power supply device and the current collector of FIG. 2, and the power supply side corresponding to the primary is indicated by a subscript p. 4 is a diagram illustrating a connection state of the sub current collectors L ₁ to L _k of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a state in which a capacitor is connected to one side of each sub current collector L ₁ to L _k of FIG. 4. An illustration of the.

Referring to FIG. 3 with reference to FIG. 2, the voltages v ₁ to v ₅ induced in the windings L ₁ to L ₅ of the respective sub-current collectors may be represented by Equations 1 to ₅ , respectively. Can be calculated as:

In Equation 1, the first term (M _p1 * di _p / dt) on the right side represents the induced electromotive force generated by the feed current with respect to the mutual inductance between the primary feed part and the winding L ₁ of the sub current collector. , L ₁ * di ₁ / dt item is wherein indicates the induced electromotive force generated in the self-inductance of the coil (L ₁₎ of the _{sub-collector, M 1n * di n / dt} (n is 2, 3, 4, 5) The item represents the induced electromotive force due to mutual inductance between the winding L ₁ of the corresponding sub current collector and the windings L ₂ to L ₅ of the adjacent sub current collector. Similarly to Equation 1 expressing the electromotive force induced in the winding L ₁ of the sub current collector in Equations 2 to 5 representing the induced electromotive force generated in the windings L ₂ to L ₅ of other sub current collectors 1 Induction electromotive force due to mutual inductance with the side feeder, self-inductance induced electromotive force, and induction electromotive force due to mutual inductance with an adjacent sub-current collector.

In general, the distance between the primary feeder and the secondary sub-current collector is relatively far, so that the magnetic coupling is weak, but the distance between the secondary sub-current collector is relatively close, so the magnetic coupling is strong. . Therefore, in Equations 1 to 5, M _pn * di _p / dt (n is 1, ..., 5), which are induced electromotive forces by the feed current on the primary side, respectively, Since the voltage is very small compared to the induced electromotive force due to mutual inductance with the adjacent sub current collectors, the voltage induced in the windings L ₁ to L ₅ of each sub current collector ignored this expression (v ₁ 'to v ₅ '). Is the same as Equation 6 to Equation 10.

In order to compensate for the voltage induced in the windings L ₁ to L ₅ of the respective sub current collectors as shown in Equations 6 to 10, the mutual influence of the sub current collectors having a strong magnetic coupling degree Should be compensated for (i.e. taking into account mutual inductance between sub-currents).

As the current flowing through each sub current collector is different, the degree of compensation must be different. Therefore, rather than compensating all the sub current collectors through one capacitor, it is preferable to compensate each different current through the capacitors provided on one side of the sub current collector. can do.

In addition, the compensator 213 may be connected in series as shown in FIG. 4 if all the sub current collectors have the same current rating. If the currents of the respective sub current collectors are all controlled to occur uniformly, that is, expressed as in Equation 11, for example, when k = 5, the sub current collectors in Equations 1 to 5 The electromotive force of can be simply expressed as in Equation 12.

이고,

이다.here,

ego,

to be.

In addition, when k = 5, the terminal voltage of the entire winding in the sub current collector is represented by Equation 13, and the equivalent inductance of the k-th sub current collector is expressed by Equation 14.

Therefore, as shown in Equation 14, the series inductance is reduced by the series connection of the sub current collectors. In this case, however, the resonant frequency when a plurality of sub-current collectors are combined is higher than that of each of the sub-current collectors. To compensate for this, as shown in FIG. 5, a capacitor may be connected to each side of each sub current collector as a compensator. Of course, the compensation unit in the present invention will not be limited to the capacitor.

Looking again, the equivalent inductance of the sub-k current collector can be expressed as Equation 15.

Therefore, the equivalent inductance of the k-th sub current collector obtained from Equation (14) may be expressed as Equation (16).

The equivalent inductance of each sub current collector, for example, is compensated with a capacitor so that only the voltage generated by the primary current remains in the winding, so that the sub current collector can provide power to the load in an optimal state.

Even if the sub current collectors having the same characteristics are used individually, the equivalent inductance of each sub current collector may vary depending on the position of the sub current collector (for example, the series-connected position), so a compensation method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be required. Can be. In this case, the capacitance of the capacitor required to compensate the k-th sub current collector may be expressed as in Equation 17.

Is the respective frequencies of electricity to be used.

Accordingly, when the windings of each sub current collector are completely compensated, that is, when the capacitance of the capacitor satisfies the resonance condition, the terminal voltage and the current of each winding are in phase, and when all the windings are completely compensated, the terminal voltage and current of the whole winding is also Since it becomes in phase, it is possible to increase the current collecting efficiency of electric power.

FIG. 6 is a phaser diagram of k sub-current collectors when the compensation of the capacitor of FIG. 5 is not completed.

Referring to FIG. 6 together with FIG. 5, when the terminal voltage and the current of the entire winding are not in phase as shown in FIG. 5, the current collector according to the embodiment of the present invention has a phase between the voltage and the current as in FIG. 6. (θ) is generated, in which case the phase becomes larger than zero in the case of under compensation, and the phase becomes smaller than zero in the case of over compensation.

In Figure 6 V _rk and V _{L _ rem _k} may be represented as in the <Equation 18>, and <Equation 19>, where V _rk represents the voltage across each of the sub collector when viewed in Figure 5, V _{L_rem_k} represents the voltage between both ends of the inductance except for the k inductance. For example, assuming that five inductances are combined, k = 1 is the voltage across both remaining inductances.

When Equation 18 and Equation 19 are calculated again as absolute values, Equation 20 and Equation 21 are expressed.

In consideration of <Equation 20> and <Equation 21>, ωL _{rem _k} in Equation 21 can be expressed as Equation 22.

Accordingly, the capacitance value of the capacitor connected in series to the sub current collector may be determined by Equation 23.

When the sub current collector is not completely compensated by the capacitance, and in the case of the under compensation, both the phase difference θ and the capacitance value C _k are greater than 0 in Equation 23. In this case, both the phase difference θ and the capacitance value Ck are smaller than zero. When expressed in relational expressions, respectively, Equation 24 and Equation 25 are represented.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of compensating for interference between unit current collectors of the current collector of FIG. 2.

Referring to FIG. 7 together with FIG. 2, when an on-line electric vehicle requires high power, a plurality of unit current collectors may be connected to each other or a plurality of unit current collectors may be configured as one package, wherein adjacent units The windings of the current collector may have mutual inductance.

In order to compensate for the interference between adjacent windings, the current collector according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention first performs a process of identifying the resistance component r _k of the sub-current collector by finding a resonance point in the unit current collector (S701). Here, finding the resonance point may mean applying an arbitrary specific frequency such as 20 Hz.

Subsequently, two or more unit current collectors are connected to each other and simultaneously fed to find a polarity (S703). For example, when five unit current collectors are used in an online electric vehicle, two to five unit current collectors are connected to each other to confirm that mutual inductances have polarity and negative polarity.

Then, for each unit current collector connected in series with each other, a current of 1 to 2 amps [A] having an arbitrary frequency, for example, 20 kHz is provided ( S705 ). Here, the current of 1 to 2 amperes [A] used as the current source is preferably less than approximately 20 [kW] rated current in view of the polarity of the winding or in consideration of safety.

Through this process, the phase and magnitude of the voltage in each unit current collector are measured (S707). For example, it measures whether the phases of voltage and current are in phase and how large the voltage is.

In consideration of the phase and magnitude of the voltage measured as described above, the capacitance ΔC _k of the capacitor to be rearranged in each unit current collector is calculated (S709). For example, if the unit current collector is measured based on a capacitance of 20 [kW] when measuring the phase and magnitude of the voltage, it is possible to calculate whether to add or reduce the new capacitance to the capacitance value.

If the rearrangement of the capacitor is necessary, the capacitor in each unit current collector is rearranged (S711). Here, the relocation means to include a plurality of capacitors connected in series to each other to configure on one side of the unit current collector or to replace with a new large capacity or small capacity capacitor.

If the relocation is completed, in the relocated state, it is again checked whether the phases of the voltage and current of the unit current collector are in phase or whether the voltages are similar in size (S713).

As a result, if it is not in phase or the magnitude of voltage is not similar, the process returns to step S705 and repeats the process up to step S711. If the capacitor is rearranged, the voltage and current are in phase and the voltage is If it is confirmed that the similar, the voltage and current phase at the desired rated current again checks whether in phase (S715).

If the phase of voltage and current is not in phase at the rated current, return to step S707 and repeat the process up to S713, and when the current is in phase at the rated current, end the compensation or tuning process of the current collector for the moving object. Will be.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a current source used in the compensation process of FIG. 7.

Referring to FIG. 8 together with FIG. 7, a separate current source as shown in FIG. 8 may be needed to compensate for the power of the current electric vehicle current collecting device according to the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the current source is a kind of transformer as shown in FIG. 8, and the desired current of 1 to 2 amperes [A] can be obtained by adjusting the primary winding turn on the primary side and the secondary winding turn on the secondary side. In this case, the number of secondary windings can be adjusted according to the required current, and the core E117 may be used.

If such a current source is not provided separately, it may be possible to use a feed inverter that provides power to an online electric vehicle. For example, an on-line electric vehicle is placed on a driving path on which a power inverter is operated, and then the power inverter is used as a current source.

At this time, the output current of the power supply inverter is reduced as much as possible, and by installing a transformer as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to compensate the power of the current electric vehicle current collector for the electric vehicle relatively easily by utilizing the secondary current.

In addition, since the actual current collector composed of a plurality of unit current collectors have a plurality of resonance points, the current source in the embodiment of the present invention is preferably a current source having only a single frequency component, and it is more preferable to use a quasi-square wave current source. .

The foregoing description is merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are intended to illustrate rather than limit the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "comprise", "comprise" or "having" described in the specification mean that a corresponding component may be included unless otherwise stated, and thus, other components are excluded. It should be construed that it may further include other components. All terms, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, unless otherwise defined. Terms used generally, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted to coincide with the contextual meaning of the related art, and shall not be interpreted in an ideal or excessively formal sense unless explicitly defined in the present invention.

An embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a current collector for a mobile body and a power compensation method of the device. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a current collector for a mobile body such as an online electric vehicle is configured to include a plurality of unit current collectors, By minimizing interference between unit current collectors, high electric power can be used in on-line electric vehicles and power efficiency can be increased. In addition, by maximizing the power efficiency, not only the mobile body such as an online electric vehicle can be operated in an optimal state, but also the life of the battery or the like can be extended.

100: power line 110: power supply coil / rectifier
120: battery / charger 130: motor
200: power supply device 210: current collector
211: current collector 213: compensation

Claims (10)

A current collector related to power pick-up of a mobile body,
A current collector including two or more sub current collectors disposed adjacent to each other to collect the electric power, wherein the two or more sub current collectors are connected in series;
A compensator provided at one side of the sub current collector to compensate for a current flowing in the sub current collector; And
Includes a current source,
And the current source is used as a transformer for power compensation of the sub current collector, and provides a current in a range less than or equal to the rated current source for driving the current collector for the mobile body. The method of claim 1,
And the sub current collector includes a winding wire having an inductance component, and the compensator includes a capacitor. The method of claim 1,
The at least two sub current collectors are connected in series so that the polarities of both ends are connected to each other in series. delete The method of claim 1,
And the current source is connected to a power feeding device to provide a current in a range less than or equal to the rated current source. The method of claim 5,
And the current source has a single frequency component and has a quasi-square wave shape. With respect to the power pick-up of the mobile body, a current collector for a mobile body having two or more sub current collectors disposed adjacent to each other and connected in series and provided on one side of the sub current collector to compensate for current provided to the sub current collector. As a power compensation method of the device,
Identifying a resistance component by applying an arbitrary frequency to both ends of a unit current collector including the sub current collector and the compensation unit;
Providing a first current having the arbitrary frequency to two or more of the unit current collectors connected in series with each other;
Measuring a phase and a magnitude of a voltage in the unit current collector;
Calculating a compensation value of the compensation unit in the unit current collector;
Relocating the compensation unit based on the calculated compensation value of the compensation unit;
Determining whether a phase of a voltage and a current is in phase in the unit current collector in which the compensation unit is rearranged, or determining whether the magnitudes of the voltage and the current are equal to or within an error range;
Judging whether the phase is in phase or the magnitudes of the voltage and current are equal to each other or within an error range, and whether or not the phase is in phase with the second current; And
If the judging result indicates that the phase is in phase or the magnitude is the same or within an error range, completing the compensation
Power compensation method for a current collector for a mobile body, comprising the. The method of claim 7, wherein
And the first current is less than or equal to the second current. The method of claim 7, wherein
If the phase is different, or if the magnitude is not the same or out of the error range, the current collector for a mobile body characterized in that the step of feeding back to the step of providing the first current and repeating the subsequent steps Power compensation method. The method of claim 7, wherein
As a result of the trial, when the phase is different or the magnitude is not the same or is out of the error range, the power is returned to the step of measuring the phase and magnitude, and the subsequent steps are repeated. Compensation method.

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