KR101219333B1 - Suspension for vehicle with leaf spring - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a suspension device for a vehicle applied to the leaf spring, and more particularly, due to the freewheel-pin structure applied to the leaf spring eye portion, the leaf spring has an optimized rigidity according to external load conditions, thereby having a leaf spring. The present invention relates to a suspension system of a leaf spring applied vehicle to maximize the rigidity.

To this end, the leaf spring eye portion according to the present invention is pin-coupled to the free rotation clutch pin, according to the value set in the free rotation clutch pin, characterized in that at the same time having a reaction force against the vertical motion and one-way rotational motion when the load load is exceeded It provides a suspension device for a leaf spring applied vehicle.

Leaf spring, outer race, inner race, roller, spring, pocket, plunger

Description

Suspension for vehicle with leaf spring

1 is a block diagram showing a suspension of a conventional leaf spring applied vehicle,

Figure 2 is a side view showing a state in which the conventional leaf spring is coupled to the frame,

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the leaf spring eye portion according to the present invention,

4A to 4D are schematic views for explaining the behavior of the leaf spring according to the present invention,

Figure 5a is a free body diagram showing a simple beam structure,

5B is a free object diagram illustrating a high information structure,

Figure 6a is a cross-sectional view showing the operating state of the free rotation clutch pin when the tolerance state and the appropriate weight loading state,

Figure 6b is a cross-sectional view showing the operating state of the free rotation clutch pin when the overweight loaded state.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: leaf spring eye part 11: leaf spring

12 frame 13: axle

14 clamp 15 shackle

16: hinge pin 17: stopper

18: free rotation clutch pin 19: bracket

20: outer race 21: fixed pin

22: pocket 23: inner race

24: roller 25: spring

26: plunger

The present invention relates to a suspension device for a vehicle applied to the leaf spring, and more particularly, due to the freewheel-pin structure applied to the leaf spring eye portion, the leaf spring has an optimized rigidity according to external load conditions, thereby having a leaf spring. The present invention relates to a suspension system of a leaf spring applied vehicle to maximize the rigidity.

Typically, a suspension of a vehicle functions to prevent vibration and shock continuously generated from the road surface of the vehicle while being transmitted to the frame (or the body body) through the wheel and the axle.

In addition, the suspension system of the vehicle improves the ride comfort of the occupant, prevents damage to the loaded luggage, prevents damage to the body parts due to excessive shock, and suppresses irregular vibration of the wheel to promote driving safety. Device.

On the other hand, as the suspension device is applied to the rear wheels of commercial vehicles, the leaf spring is used a lot, the leaf spring is easy to design and effective to bear a large load.

1 and 2 is a schematic view showing a suspension of a conventional leaf spring application vehicle, the clamp 14 is fastened to the center of the plate member to integrate a plurality of leaf springs 11 having elasticity, the leaf spring 11 One end of the frame 12 or the lower portion of the vehicle body is coupled through the shackle 15, the other end is coupled via a hinge pin.

At this time, a stopper 17 is attached to the center of the upper end of the leaf spring 11 to prevent the upper end of the clamp 14 from being leaned in the front-rear direction (based on the body length direction).

When an external force of the road surface is transmitted from the load or the axle 13 according to the load, the axle 13 and the frame 12 are moved up and down relatively, and the leaf spring 11 is bent by the bracket 19. It shows the behavior of and forms a reaction force to support the vertical movement.

Thus, the leaf spring 11 prevents the external force from being directly transmitted to the frame 12 by using the bending energy of the leaf, and determines the ride comfort, and is used when applied to a large truck that is subjected to a large load. The number of is increased.

However, when the impact of the external road surface or load load excessively occurs, the deflection of the leaf spring is large, the external force is directly transmitted to the frame due to the contact between the stopper and the frame, thereby reducing the ride comfort and durability of the peripheral parts.

That is, when external force is applied to the leaf spring through the axle and the frame, since the leaf spring eye and the hinge pin are not restrained from each other, the leaf spring eye portion only has a reaction force supporting only the vertical direction, Since the free rotation does not have a reaction force, the amount of deflection of the leaf spring becomes large.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and unlike the conventional simple beam structure in which one end is hinged and the other end is freely rotated by a shackle, it is appropriately loaded according to external load conditions using a freely rotating clutch pin. It is an object of the present invention to provide a suspension device for a leaf-spring applied vehicle which can prevent the contact between the stopper and the frame by increasing the support rigidity in the overloaded state by the reaction force against the rotation moment when the load is exceeded.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a suspension device for a leaf spring applied vehicle in which the leaf spring eye portion is pinned to the frame by a shackle.

The leaf spring eye is pin-coupled to the free-rotating clutch pin, and has a reaction force against the vertical motion and the one-way rotational motion when the load exceeds the load according to the value set in the free-rotating clutch pin.

In a preferred embodiment, the free rotation clutch pin is an outer race coupled with the leaf spring eye portion; A fixing pin positioned at an inner center of the outer race and fixed to the shackle; An inner race having a plurality of pockets circumferentially formed on an outer surface thereof, and an inner circumferential surface thereof coupled to the fixing pin; A spring inserted into the inner race at a predetermined angle from the bottom of the pocket and a plunger attached to an upper end of the spring; And a roller supported by the plunger between the outer race and the inner race.

In a more preferred embodiment, the cross section of the pocket formed on the outer surface of the inner race is formed in a wedge shape, one side of the pocket is formed perpendicular to the radial direction, the other side of the pocket is an outer race toward the clockwise direction It characterized in that the interval between the inner circumferential surface and the pocket is formed to be smaller than the diameter of the roller.

In addition, the value set in the free-rotating clutch pin is an elastic modulus set on the spring, and when a predetermined load exceeding the loading load is applied to the leaf spring, the rotation moment acts clockwise to the leaf spring eye portion, by the spring The supported roller moves away from the plunger and moves along the inclined surface of the pocket and is engaged between the inner circumferential surface of the outer race and the pocket so that the outer race and the inner race are coupled to each other so that a reaction force against the rotation moment is applied.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the leaf spring eye portion according to the present invention.

The present invention has the optimum rigidity of the leaf spring 11 in accordance with the external load conditions due to the freewheel-pin structure applied to the leaf spring eye portion 10, it is possible to take full advantage of the rigidity of the leaf spring (11) One point is to make sure.

The leaf spring 11 is mounted between the frame 12 installed parallel to the vehicle body length direction and the axle 13 connecting both wheels in the transverse direction, and both ends of the leaf spring 11 are connected to the frame 12. The center portion of the leaf spring 11 is coupled to the axle 13 by the clamp 14.

One end of the leaf spring 11 is coupled to the frame 12 by a shackle 15 that absorbs displacement due to tension and compression movement, and the other end of the leaf spring 11 is hinged by a hinge pin 16. Are combined.

A pair of clamps 14 are fastened so that the leaf spring 11 is integrally fixed to the central portion of the leaf spring 11 and the leaf spring 11 is fixed to the axle 13, and the stopper 17 is interposed between the clamps 14. Is attached.

At this time, one end of the leaf spring 11 is coupled to the free-rotating clutch pin 18 of the shackle 15 by a cylindrical joint, so as to surround the free-rotating clutch pin 18, so-called child ( EYE) part 10 is called.

Here, the present invention has a structure in which the leaf spring eye portion 10 simultaneously supports two reaction forces in the vertical direction and the rotation moment direction when an external force is applied.

Hereinafter, the free rotation clutch pin structure of the leaf spring eye portion 10 and the shackle 15 according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

The leaf spring eye 10 is penetrated by the free rotation clutch pin 18 of the shackle 15, and the free rotation clutch pin 18 is fixed to the frame 12 by the bracket 19 to be supported. do.

The inner structure of the free rotation clutch pin 18 is fixed to the outer race 20 and the inner race of the outer race 20 is coupled to the inside of the leaf spring eye portion 10 is fixed to the bracket 19 The pin 21 and the inner circumferential surface are coupled to the outer side of the fixing pin 21 and the inner race 23 is formed with a wedge-shaped pocket 22 in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential surface of the pin 22 and the outer race 20. It is comprised including the roller 24 located between the inner peripheral surfaces.

The outer circumferential surface of the fixing pin 21 and the inner circumferential surface of the inner race 23 are engaged with each other in an uneven shape, and the left side of the pocket 22 formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner race 23 is almost vertical, and the right side is It is an inclined surface formed at a constant angle.

Therefore, when the outer race 20 rotates counterclockwise or the inner race 23 rotates clockwise, a downward rotation force is received by an inclined surface seated in the pocket 22 to free rotate the clutch. (Freewheeling Clutch) Independent rotation, that is, the inner race 23 and the outer race 20 can be made free of bites (same as the simple beam structure).

At this time, a spring 25 and a plunger 26 are inserted and installed in the inner race 23, and the plunger 26 supported by the spring 25 carries the roller 24 with the inner race 20. By reducing the friction by contacting the roller 24 with the race surface.

On the other hand, when the outer race 20 rotates clockwise or the inner race 23 rotates counterclockwise over a predetermined angle that satisfies the set value set in the free rotation clutch pin 18, the roller 24 Since the force is raised along the inclined surface, the roller 24 is coupled to the outer race 20 and the inner race 23 is a structure for transmitting the force (same as the high information structure).

Because the roller 24 is moved along the inclined surface because the distance between the outer race 20 and the inner race 23 is smaller than the diameter of the roller 24, as a result, the inner race 23 and the outer race 20 ), The inner race 23 and the outer race 20 are fixed by the roller 24.

Referring to the operating state of the suspension device of the leaf spring applied vehicle according to the present invention by such a configuration as follows.

4A to 4D are schematic diagrams for explaining the behavior of the leaf spring according to the present invention, illustrating the behavior of the leaf spring according to the loading state of the vehicle.

1) In the case of initial tolerance state: The body load is applied to the leaf spring 11 through the axle 13, and is forward to both ends of the leaf spring 11 (clockwise in the right end, and counterclockwise in the left end). The moment is taken. (See Figure 4A)

At this time, there is no restraint by the free rotation clutch pin 18 with respect to the forward moment. For this moment, the spring 25 inside the free-rotating clutch pin 18 is in close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the outer race 20 through the plunger 26 so that the roller 24 is the inner race 23. This is because the inner race 23 and the outer race 20 by the roller 24 are free to rotate to each other because they cannot move to the inclined surface of the side surface.

2) In case of 1/2 of loading load or proper weight loading state, the body load and loading load are applied to the leaf spring 11 through the axle 13, and the initial tolerances in both directions of the leaf spring 11 in the forward direction. The moment is relatively larger than the state (see Fig. 4b).

At this time, according to the set value of the free rotation clutch pin 18 is not yet restrained for the rotational movement.

That is, the plunger 26 supported by the spring 25 in the free rotation clutch pin 18 is holding the roller 24, the roller 24 is the outer race 20 and the inner along the inclined surface The interval between the races 23 does not move to a point smaller than the diameter of the roller 24, so that the inner race 23 and the outer race 20 are free to rotate with each other.

3) Overload condition (e.g., when more than 5% of the load load): The body load and the load exceeding 5% of the load load are applied to the leaf spring 11 through the axle 13, and both ends of the leaf spring 11 In the forward direction, a moment greater than that of the overload load state is applied (see FIG. 4C).

At this time, since the set value of the lock (LOCK) of the free rotation clutch pin 18 is satisfied, restraint is performed for the forward rotation movement.

More specifically, the inner race 23 when the moment value exceeds the force of contacting the roller 24 with the inner circumferential surface of the outer race 20 by the spring 25 and the roller 24 is released from the plunger 26. Move to the slope of).

That is, the roller 24 moves to the point where the distance between the outer race 20 and the inner race 23 along the inclined surface is smaller than the diameter of the roller 24, the inner race 23 and the outer race 20 Is fixed so that the restraint of the forward rotational motion is made (in a high information structure).

4) Tolerance (load loading): The leaf spring 11 receives a bending load in a downward direction, and both ends of the leaf spring 11 are restrained against reverse rotation according to the operation principle of the free rotation clutch pin 18. Will be absent (see FIG. 4D).

As described above, the structure of the leaf spring according to the present invention has a simple beam structure in the case of a tolerance state or an appropriate weight loading state, and a high information structure in the case of an overloaded state.

5A is a schematic view showing a free body diagram of a simple beam structure. The moment (M ₁ ) and the deflection amount (δ ₁ ) applied to the left end of the simple beam structure based on the right end thereof are obtained by the deflection equation of the beam. As follows.

FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram showing a free-body diagram of a high information structure. The moment (M ₂ ) and the amount of deflection (δ ₂ ) applied to the left end when the right end is referred to in the high information structure are determined by the deflection equation of the beam. As follows.

Δ ₁ and δ ₂ represent the maximum deflection at the intermediate point of the leaf spring 11.

Comparing the support stiffness of the simple beam and the high information having the same shape and material conditions, the deflection ratio (δ ₁ , δ ₂ ) is 4: 1 at the intermediate point of the leaf spring, and the moment ratio (M ₁ , M) at the left end. ₂ ) is 1: 2.

That is, as can be seen in Equation 1 and Equation 2, since the deflection amount of the leaf spring is smaller than 1/4, and the reaction force against the rotational motion is twice as large as that of the simple beam, it has an advantageous supporting effect.

When the leaf spring eye portion 10 according to the present invention operated in this way is loaded with proper weight, there is only a reaction force supporting only the vertical direction as in the prior art and has a simple beam structure having no reaction force against a rotation moment, and overweight When loaded, the free-rotating clutch pin 18 is operated to have a high information structure having a reaction force in the vertical direction and a reaction force against the rotation moment, so that the support spring of the leaf spring 11 optimized according to the external load conditions is obtained. do.

While the invention has been shown and described with respect to certain preferred embodiments thereof, the invention is not limited to these embodiments, and has been claimed by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. It includes all the various forms of embodiments that can be implemented without departing from the spirit.

As described above, according to the suspension device of the leaf spring applied vehicle according to the present invention, when the eye portion of the leaf spring is properly loaded, there is only a reaction force supporting only the vertical direction as in the prior art and does not have a reaction force against the rotation moment. It has a simple beam structure which does not have a simple beam structure, and when the excess weight is loaded, the free-rotating clutch pin is operated to have a high information structure having a reaction force in the vertical direction and a reaction force against the rotational moment. It will have rigidity.

Therefore, when the impact on the external road surface or excessive load occurs, the contact between the stopper and the frame attached to the center upper end of the leaf spring is blocked, thereby improving the riding comfort and durability of the peripheral parts.

Claims (4)

delete In a suspension device for a leaf spring applied vehicle in which the leaf spring eye portion is pinned to the frame by a shackle, The leaf spring eye portion is pin-coupled to the free rotation clutch pin, and simultaneously has a reaction force to the vertical motion and one-way rotation movement when the load load is exceeded according to the value set in the free rotation clutch pin, The free rotation clutch pin An outer race coupled with the leaf spring eye portion; A fixing pin positioned at an inner center of the outer race and fixed to the shackle; An inner race having a plurality of pockets circumferentially formed on an outer surface thereof, and an inner circumferential surface thereof coupled to the fixing pin; A spring inserted into the inner race at a predetermined angle from the bottom of the pocket and a plunger attached to an upper end of the spring; A roller supported by the plunger between the outer race and the inner race; Suspension device for a vehicle applied to the leaf spring, characterized in that configured to include. The method according to claim 2, The cross-section of the pocket formed on the outer surface of the inner race is formed in a wedge shape, one side of the pocket is formed perpendicular to the radial direction, the other side of the pocket between the inner circumferential surface of the outer race and the pocket toward the clockwise direction Suspension device for a leaf spring applied vehicle, characterized in that the interval is formed inclined so as to be smaller than the diameter of the roller. The method of claim 3, The value set in the free-rotating clutch pin is an elastic modulus set on the spring, and when a predetermined load exceeding the loading load is applied to the leaf spring, a rotation moment acts clockwise to the leaf spring eye part and is supported by the spring. Suspension device for a leaf spring applied vehicle, characterized in that the roller moves away from the plunger along the inclined surface of the pocket and is engaged between the inner circumferential surface of the outer race and the pocket so that the outer race and the inner race are combined to act as a reaction force against the rotation moment. .

Images