KR101207936B1 - Method and apparatus for adjusting electricity consumption as a response to changing electricicy prices - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An electric device and method for controlling power consumption corresponding to electric power costs are provided to control power consumption by using an intelligent electric device. CONSTITUTION: A power consumption parameter generator(110) generates a power usage parameter message transmitted from electric device properties information and power usage schedule information to a power consumption controller(150). A power usage schedule generator(130) generates a new power usage schedule by changing an existing power usage schedule according to electric power costs. An electric device properties information generator(120) changes the electric device properties information according to the new power usage schedule. A transceiver(140) transmits the power usage parameter message to the power consumption controller. The receiver receives the electric power costs from the power consumption controller. [Reference numerals] (111) Message generator; (112) Power usage schedule database; (113) Electric device properties database; (120) Electric device properties information generator; (130) Power usage schedule generator; (140) Transceiver; (150) Power consumption controller; (AA) Electric power costs

Description

TECHNICAL AND APPARATUS FOR ADJUSTING ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION AS A RESPONSE TO CHANGING ELECTRICIC PRICES}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrical device and method for adjusting power usage in response to a power price, and more particularly, to an electrical device and method for adjusting power usage in response to a power price for adjusting a planned power usage in response to a changing power price. It is about.

In general, power has the characteristic that power output and power consumption must match physically in real time.

Therefore, in order to match power production and power consumption, various methods are used, such as power consumption prediction, feeding measures for correction of prediction error, and automatic generation control for correcting small changes in random power usage. .

Power usage is random, but there are patterns that appear daily or monthly. For example, most people sleep between 10am and 11am, and between 2pm and 4pm during the day, with higher power usage than at 2am and 4am.

In addition, the electricity consumption in July and August, which is a summer when air conditioners are used a lot, is higher than that of April and May at an appropriate temperature. In addition, with the recent increase in the use of electric heating appliances, electricity consumption in January and February, which is one winter, is also high. Due to the pattern of power usage, a peak occurs in which the power usage is very high in a specific time interval.

Peaks in power usage cause many problems in the operation of power systems. First, many generators need to be installed to meet peaks in a short time period, and these generators are used only during the peak hours of power usage, resulting in inefficiency in terms of operational efficiency.

In addition, the existing generators also generate power generation with the highest fuel consumption efficiency. If the power generation is increased to meet the peak, the cost of producing the same power is increased, and the atmospheric environment due to the inefficiency of fuel usage is increased. Pollution problems also occur.

One easy way to solve this peak problem is to control power demand. That is, in the time interval where the power consumption is concentrated, the power usage for the electrical devices that do not necessarily have to be used in the time interval is delayed.

Alternatively, the electric device may be operated in advance during a time when the power usage is low to avoid a time interval where power usage is concentrated. The electric appliance or the user is informed of the time period in which the power consumption needs to be changed, and the power price is used a lot as a means to motivate and compensate for the change in the power usage.

That is, in a time interval in which power consumption is concentrated, the power price is increased to automatically stop the electric device or turn off the electric device that is not required by a person, thereby inducing a decrease in power consumption. Owners or users of electrical equipment that participate in changes in power usage can receive monetary compensation by avoiding expensive time periods.

This way of varying the power price in a specific time interval is actually operated in the form of various power plans.

A representative example of such a power plan is a time of use (TOU) plan, which is a method of setting a higher power price than other months in July and August when power consumption is concentrated, and a CPP (Critical Peak Pricing) plan. Although it is not predetermined, it is a method of dynamically pricing power by informing a user that an expensive fee corresponding to a peak will be charged to a time interval when power usage is concentrated.

In addition, there is a method in which the power price can be changed in every time unit, called a Real Time Pricing (RTP) plan. In the case of Korea, the fixed price of electricity has been fixed for all time intervals, and this method of fluctuation of power prices has not been applied. However, in the United States, where the power market is relatively free, the method of fluctuation of power prices has been adopted. .

The price of electricity is determined by the convergence of repetitive and cyclical processes with the power consumption that electrical equipment intends to use. For example, if the power consumption is more than the amount of power generation, the power price is high, and if the power price is high, the power usage is low.

When the power consumption is lowered, the power price is lowered, and when the power price is lowered, the power consumption is also increased.

However, currently used electric devices such as TVs and air conditioners do not send electric device characteristic information on how to respond to changes in power usage schedules and power prices to the power pricing device. If there is no information on the characteristics of the electrical equipment and the power usage schedule, an appropriate power price for setting the power usage to the set target value cannot be determined.

Nevertheless, the above-mentioned tariffs such as the TOU and CPP arbitrarily determine the power price, and the electric devices are using the electric power in their own way. Then, it can be expected to decrease to some extent, but it is impossible to know how much power consumption is adjusted.

Thus, unless the electrical equipment is categorized as a characteristic of the electrical equipment, or the information on the characteristics of such electrical equipment and the schedule of power usage is not sent to the power pricing device, the true power is used. Usage control cannot be achieved.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, the power consumption in response to the power price to adjust the planned power consumption in response to the power price fluctuating by changing the power usage schedule to a new power usage schedule according to the characteristics of the electrical equipment It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrical apparatus and method for adjusting the pressure.

In order to achieve the above object, an electric device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention is an electric device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price. A power usage parameter generator for generating a power usage parameter message delivered to a power usage controller, and a power usage schedule for generating a new power usage schedule by changing an existing power usage schedule according to a power price received from the power usage controller And an electrical device characteristic information generator for changing electrical device characteristic information according to the new power usage schedule, and a transceiver for transmitting the power usage parameter message to a power usage controller and receiving a power price from a power usage controller. By The electrical device characteristic information may include a delayable power usage coefficient indicating information on power usage that can be used by delaying power usage in a specific time interval, and power usage that can be used ahead of the power usage in a specific time interval. It is characterized by consisting of a power price reflecting ratio, which is information indicating the rate of power usage is adjusted for the advance, the power consumption coefficient indicating the information on the power price.

In addition, the method for adjusting the power usage in response to the power price according to the present invention, the method for adjusting the power usage in the electric device to adjust the power usage in response to the power price, comprising the steps of: receiving a power price; Calculating power usage delayed or advanced in the received power price; Changing an existing power usage schedule to a new power usage schedule according to the delayed or advanced power usage; And changing the electrical device characteristic information according to the new power usage schedule, wherein the electrical device characteristic information indicates information on power usage that can be used by delaying power usage in a specific time interval. Usage factor; A pullable power usage coefficient indicating information on power usage that can be used ahead of time among power usage in a specific time interval; Characterized in that it consists of a power price reflecting ratio, which is information indicating the rate at which the power usage is adjusted with respect to the power price.

An electric device and a method for adjusting power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention have the following effects.

In other words, when the power usage is adjusted by using an intelligent electric device by setting the power price to decrease the power usage in the time interval where the power usage is concentrated, and increase the power usage in the time interval when the power usage is insufficient. The smaller peaks can increase efficiency in terms of investment and fuel use, lowering power bills for consumer benefits and mitigating environmental issues such as air pollution from fuel use.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an electric device for adjusting the power usage in response to the power price according to the present invention
2 is a graph showing the rate at which power usage is adjusted for power prices
3A and 3B are graphs showing examples of power usage per time interval of TV and coffee pot
4 and 5 are graphs for explaining the time-base shift of the new electric use schedule after adjusting the power usage.
6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of adjusting power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the intelligent power device and method for adjusting the power usage in response to the power price according to the present invention.

1 is a configuration diagram schematically showing an electric device for adjusting power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, an electric device for adjusting power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention includes a power usage parameter generator 110, an electric device characteristic information generator 120, and a power usage schedule generator. 130, the transmission and reception unit 140 and the power consumption control unit 150 is configured.

Here, the power usage parameter generator 110 generates a power usage parameter message transmitted from the electric device characteristic information and the power usage schedule information to the power usage controller 150, and includes a message generator 111 and a power usage schedule. A database 112 and an electrical appliance characteristic database 113.

The message generator 111 generates a message to be transmitted to the power usage controller 150 using information obtained from the electrical device characteristic database 113 and the power usage schedule database 112. The message is transmitted to the power usage controller 150 through the transceiver 140.

The power usage schedule generation unit 130 generates a new power usage schedule by changing an existing power usage schedule according to the power price received from the power usage control unit 150.

The electrical device characteristic information generation unit 120 serves to change the electrical device characteristic information according to a new power usage schedule generated from the power usage schedule generation unit 130.

The transmitter / receiver 140 transmits the power usage parameter message generated from the message generator 111 of the power usage parameter generator 110 to the power usage controller 150, and the power price from the power usage controller 150. It serves to receive.

An electric device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention transmits a message including a power usage parameter to the power usage controller 150 through the transceiver 140, and transmits the transceiver 140. The new power usage schedule is generated by changing an existing power usage schedule according to the power price received from the power usage control unit 150, and newly generating electric device characteristic information according to the new power usage schedule.

On the other hand, the electrical device characteristic information generation unit 120 includes information on the possibility that the power usage can be adjusted.

For example, some electrical equipment is doing important work, so power usage must be on schedule and power usage adjustments may not be possible.

On the other hand, some electric devices have no limit on the time at which the operation takes place, so that all of the power consumption in a specific time interval may be delayed to the next time interval.

Alternatively, if the power price is high in the next time interval, all of the power usage in a specific time interval may be advanced in advance.

The electrical device characteristic information generation unit 120 may be expressed by a parameter such as a delayable power consumption coefficient, a power that can be advanced, and a power price response ratio. These are information about the possibility that the power usage can be adjusted, and this information is stored in the electrical appliance characteristic database 113.

Here, the delayable power usage coefficient refers to information on power usage that can be used in the next time unit among the power consumptions planned in a specific time unit.

As an example of the delayable power usage factor, if the planned power consumption at time N is 100 kWh, of which 30 kWh must be used at time N, and 70 kWh can be used with the next time unit N + 1, The usage factor can be expressed as 0.7.

In addition, the forwardable power consumption coefficient refers to information on the power usage that can be used to advance the previous time unit of the planned power usage in a specific time unit.

As an example of the delayable power usage factor, if the planned power consumption at time N + 1 is 100 kWh, of which 30 kWh must be used at time N + 1, and 70 kWh can be used ahead of time in the previous unit of time N, The power factor that can be advanced can be expressed as 0.7.

A method of obtaining the delayable power usage factor and the advanceable power usage factor is as follows.

That is, in general, the electric device operates according to the original operating target regardless of the power price. When considering the power price, the performance of meeting the original operating target is deteriorated to some extent.

Thus, the electric device sets a range of how much worse the original operating target becomes when the power price is taken into consideration. The setting range determines the delayable power consumption and the advanceable power consumption, and the power price is considered. The ratio of delayed power consumption and advanceable power consumption coefficients is calculated as the ratio against the unused power consumption.

For example, the method of determining the delayable power usage factor and the advanceable power usage factor in the heater or the air conditioner sets the desired temperature in the heater or the air conditioner. The heater or air conditioner will work.

However, if the power rate is reduced in consideration of the power price, the adjustment range may be set that adjustment is possible between +2 degrees and -2 degrees at the set temperature.

Then, the power consumption corresponding to +2 degrees and -2 degrees becomes the delayable power consumption and the advanceable power consumption.

In addition, if the original power consumption was 10 kWh, but the delayable power consumption and the advanceable power consumption were 2 kW and 1 kW, respectively, the delayable power usage coefficient and the leading power consumption coefficient were determined as 0.2 and 0.1, respectively.

The power price reflecting ratio is a parameter that determines how much power consumption is delayed or advanced depending on the high and low power price.

For example, if the planned power usage at time N is 100 kWh and the power price is 1500 won per kWh, a 50 kWh delay would be used. For example, 70 kWh) would be advantageous.

2 is a graph illustrating a ratio of adjusting power usage to power prices.

As shown in FIG. 2, a rate at which power usage is adjusted with respect to a power price is calculated according to a rule, and information representing such a rule is called a power price reflection rate.

The delayed power consumption and the advanced power consumption may be calculated as follows based on the electrical device characteristic information described above. As in the previous example, if the planned power consumption at time N is 100 kWh, of which 30 kWh must be used at time N and 70 kWh can be deferred to the next time unit N + 1, the delayable power usage factor can be expressed as 0.7. It can be.

Then, suppose that the power price is 1500 won at time N, so the power price reflection ratio is 0.5. Then, 35 kWh corresponding to 0.35 (35%), which is the product of the delayable power usage factor and the power price reflecting ratio, is finally used.

However, if the power price is 2000 won, since the power price reflection ratio is 0.7, 49 kWh corresponding to 0.49 (49%), which is the product of the delayable power usage coefficient and the power price reflection ratio, is finally delayed.

On the other hand, the above description is a mere example, the power consumption that is delayed or advanced will be calculated differently if the parameters constituting the electrical equipment characteristic information is different.

The power usage schedule refers to power usage over time. For example, if the electrical device is a TV, it will have a power usage pattern that does not change significantly over the entire time period. On the other hand, if the electric appliance is a coffee pot, it will have a pattern of intensively using a lot of power in a short time period when it is heated.

That is, FIGS. 3A and 3B are graphs showing examples of power consumption per time interval of the TV and the coffee pot.

The pattern of the power usage is a value that varies depending on the purpose of use and the operation state of the electric device, and is stored in the power usage schedule database 112. Herein, the time unit is a predetermined time determined between the power usage control server and the electric device to adjust the power usage, and may have any value.

The power usage schedule generation unit 130 generates a new power usage schedule by changing an existing power usage schedule in the following manner according to the power price received from the power usage control unit 150.

(1) Calculate the power consumption that is delayed or advanced at time N.

(2-1) If the power usage is delayed at time N, the amount of power delayed from the existing power usage schedule is subtracted.

(2-2) If the power usage is advanced at time N, add as much as the advanced power usage in the existing power usage schedule.

(3) Reconfigure the power usage schedule after time N + 1.

Here, step (1) is calculated using the delayable power usage coefficient, the advanceable power usage coefficient, and the power price reflecting ratio which are the electric device characteristic information as described above.

Step (3) is to generate a power usage schedule in consideration of the effect of power usage adjustment while maintaining the pattern of the existing power usage schedule. For example, if the power usage is delayed, the overall operating time will be increased by a time corresponding to the delayed power usage ratio.

Then, it is assumed that the existing power usage schedule is shifted right on the time axis by the time corresponding to the delayed power usage, as shown in FIG. 4, and based on the existing power usage plan moved on the time axis. A modified power usage plan can be obtained after time N + 1.

If the power usage is advanced, the overall operating time will be reduced by the time equivalent to the ratio of the advanced power usage. Then, it is assumed that the existing power usage schedule is shifted left on the time axis by the time corresponding to the advanced power usage as shown in FIG. 5, and based on the existing power usage plan shifted on the time axis. A modified power usage plan can be obtained after time N + 1.

That is, FIGS. 4 and 5 are graphs for explaining time axis movement of a new electric use schedule after adjusting power usage.

The electrical device characteristic information generation unit 120 changes the electrical device characteristic information according to the change in the power usage schedule. The reason why the characteristics of the electrical equipment should be changed is that it cannot be used by delaying or advancing the power infinitely, and the operation of the electrical equipment during a specific time interval is changed due to the change of the power usage schedule, which is reflected in the electrical equipment characteristic information. Because it is necessary to reflect.

For example, if the power consumption is delayed, and the planned power consumption is 100 kWh at time N, and the power consumption of 70 kWh is delayed in response to the power price, the delayed power consumption of 70 kWh is only delayed by one time unit. If not, the delayable power usage factor at time N + 1 should be changed to a value smaller than the existing value.

If the power consumption is advanced, and the planned power consumption is 100 kWh at time N + 1, and the power consumption of 70 kWh is advanced at time N + 2 in response to the power price, Some of the planned power usage shifts from the time base to the power usage used at time N + 1, changing the power usage schedule. However, if the newly planned power usage at time N + 2 cannot be advanced, the advanceable power usage coefficient at time N + 1 should be changed to a value smaller than the existing value.

As such, the electric equipment characteristic information is a value that varies depending on the operation state of the electric apparatus, that is, over time. Therefore, when the power usage schedule is changed, the electric equipment characteristic information should be newly configured to reflect the changed matter. This is done by the characteristic information generation unit 120.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of adjusting power usage in response to a power price according to the present invention.

In the method of adjusting the power usage in response to the power price according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the power usage controller receives the power price (S110).

Subsequently, the delayed or advanced power usage is calculated from the received power price (S120).

Subsequently, the existing power usage schedule is changed to a new power usage schedule according to the delayed or advanced power usage (S130).

The electronic device characteristic information is changed according to the new power usage schedule (S140).

Here, before receiving the power price, a process of sending power device characteristic information to a power usage control server is performed through the following process.

First, an electric device characteristic is obtained from an electric device characteristic database, and a power use schedule is obtained from a power use schedule database.

Subsequently, the obtained information is configured as a power usage parameter message and transmitted to the power usage controller.

Here, the information on the characteristics of the electric device is a delayable power usage coefficient indicating information on the power usage that can be used by delaying the power usage in a specific time interval, and the power usage that can be used ahead of the power usage in a specific time interval. And a power price reflection ratio, which is information indicating a rate at which the power usage is adjusted with respect to the power price.

The step of calculating the power consumption delayed or advanced in step S120 is to calculate the power consumption is delayed if the power price is higher than the base power price, and calculate the power consumption is advanced if the power price is lower than the base power price do.

The delayed power usage here is calculated through a predetermined rule that includes a delayable power usage factor and a power price reflection ratio. The calculation method may be obtained by multiplying the delayable power usage factor by the power price reflecting ratio, as described in the previous example. In addition, the amount of power to be advanced is calculated through a predetermined rule including the amount of power to be advanced and the power price reflecting ratio. The method of calculation may be obtained by multiplying the advanceable power usage factor by the power price reflecting ratio, as described in the previous example.

The method of changing the existing power usage schedule into a new power usage schedule according to the delayed or advanced power usage at step S130 is to maintain the pattern of the existing power usage schedule and, in the case of the delayed power usage, to the delayed power usage. The existing power usage schedule is moved to the right on the time base by the corresponding time, and a new power usage schedule is generated based on the moved existing power usage schedule.

Alternatively, in the case of an advanced power usage, the existing power usage schedule is moved leftward on the time axis by a time corresponding to the advanced power usage, and a new power usage schedule is generated based on the moved existing power usage schedule.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

110: power consumption parameter generation unit 120: electrical device characteristic information generation unit
130: power use schedule generation unit 140: transceiver
150: power consumption control unit

Claims (15)

An electrical device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price,
A power usage parameter generation unit configured to generate a power usage parameter message transmitted from the electric device characteristic information and the power usage schedule information to the power usage controller;
A power usage schedule generation unit for generating a new power usage schedule by changing an existing power usage schedule according to the power price received from the power usage controller;
An electrical device characteristic information generation unit for changing electrical device characteristic information according to the new power usage schedule;
And a transmission / reception unit configured to transmit the power usage parameter message to a power usage controller, and receive a power price from the power usage controller.
The characteristic information of the electrical device may include a delayable power usage coefficient indicating information on power usage that may be used by delaying power usage in a specific time interval, and information on power usage that can be used ahead of the power usage in a specific time interval. An electrical device for adjusting the power usage in response to the power price, characterized in that consisting of the advancement of the power available coefficient, the power price reflecting ratio, information indicating the ratio of the power usage is adjusted to the power price. The method of claim 1, wherein the power usage parameter generating unit
An electrical device characteristic database for storing the electrical device characteristic information;
A power usage schedule database for storing power usage schedule information;
Acquire the electrical device characteristic information from the electrical device characteristic database, obtain power usage schedule information from the power usage schedule database, generate the power usage parameter message, and generate the power usage parameter message through the transceiver. An electric device for adjusting the power usage in response to the power price, characterized in that it comprises a message generating unit for transmitting to. delete The method of claim 1, wherein the power usage schedule generation unit calculates a delayed power usage when the power price is higher than the reference power price, and calculates an advanced power usage when the power price is lower than the reference power price. An electric device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price. The power consumption of claim 1, wherein the delayed power usage is calculated through a predetermined rule including the delayable power usage coefficient and the power price reflection ratio, and the advanced power usage is reflected in advanceable power usage and power price. An electrical device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price, characterized in that it is calculated through a predetermined rule including a ratio. 6. The predetermined rule of claim 5, wherein the predetermined rule including the delayable power usage factor and the power price reflection ratio is calculated by multiplying the delayable power usage factor by the power price reflection ratio, and wherein the advanceable power usage ratio and power are calculated. And a predetermined rule including a price reflecting ratio is calculated by multiplying the advanceable power consumption by a power price reflecting ratio. The method of claim 1,
The power usage schedule generation unit, when the power consumption is delayed, moves the existing power usage schedule to the right on the time axis by a time corresponding to the delayed power usage, and generates a new power usage schedule based on the moved existing power usage schedule. In the case of the advanced power usage, the existing power usage schedule moves to the left on the time axis by the time corresponding to the advanced power usage, and generates a new power usage schedule based on the moved existing power usage schedule. An electrical device that adjusts power usage in response to price. The method of claim 1, wherein the delayable power usage factor and the advanceable power usage factor are the existing power consumption required when operating without considering the power price, and the delayable power consumption and power when the power price is considered. An electric device that adjusts the power consumption in response to the power price, characterized in that for determining the drawable power consumption and the ratio of the existing power consumption, the delayable power consumption and the advanceable power consumption. A method of adjusting power usage in an electrical device that adjusts power usage in response to a power price,
Receiving a power price;
Calculating power usage delayed or advanced in the received power price;
Changing an existing power usage schedule to a new power usage schedule according to the delayed or advanced power usage;
And changing the electrical device characteristic information according to the new power usage schedule.
The electrical device characteristic information may include a delayable power usage coefficient indicating information on power usage that can be used by delaying power usage in a specific time interval; A pullable power usage coefficient indicating information on power usage that can be used ahead of time among power usage in a specific time interval; A method of adjusting power usage in response to a power price, characterized in that consisting of the power price reflecting ratio, which is information indicating the rate at which the power usage is adjusted with respect to the power price. delete 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the changing of the new power usage schedule to the new power usage schedule includes calculating a delayed power usage when the power price is higher than the reference power price, and the power price is the reference power. The method of adjusting the power usage in response to the power price, characterized in that if the price is lower than the price to be advanced. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the delayed power usage is calculated through a predetermined rule including the delayable power usage coefficient and the power price reflection ratio, wherein the advanced power usage is an advancement of power usage and power price reflection. A method for adjusting power usage in response to a power price, characterized in that it is calculated through a predetermined rule including a ratio. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the predetermined rule including the delayable power usage factor and the power price reflection ratio is calculated by multiplying the delayable power usage factor and the power price reflection ratio, The predetermined rule including the price reflecting ratio is calculated by multiplying the advanceable power consumption by the power price reflecting ratio. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the changing of the new power usage schedule to the new power usage schedule includes delaying power usage, and shifting the existing power usage schedule from the time base to the right by a time corresponding to the delayed power usage. Move, generate a new power usage schedule based on the moved power usage schedule, and, in the case of an advanced power usage, move the existing power usage schedule to the left on the time base by the time corresponding to the advanced power usage, A method of adjusting power usage in response to a power price, characterized by generating a new power usage schedule based on an existing power usage schedule. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the delayable power usage factor and the advanceable power usage factor are the existing power consumption required when operating without considering the power price, and the delayable power consumption and power when considering the power price. A method of adjusting power consumption in response to a power price, characterized in that for determining the drawable power consumption, and the ratio of the existing power consumption, the delayable power consumption and the advanceable power consumption.

Images