KR101206570B1 - Apparatus and method for generating a road map - Google Patents

Abstract

Since map data generation in geographic information systems is based on a large amount of real world data, it requires a lot of cost and time to generate and update the map data. In order to overcome this problem, the present invention provides a road map generating apparatus and method for generating high accuracy road information in real time using a small amount of user GPS trace data. The apparatus for generating a road map may include a traffic data receiver configured to receive global positioning system (GPS) trace data transmitted from a plurality of users, and divide a road map target region into minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs) and provide the data from the traffic data receiver. A road link data generator for generating road links by clustering the GPS trace data for the respective MBRs, and a load property generator for generating road attributes related to the generated road links by analyzing GPS trace data from the plurality of users It includes. According to the present invention, it is possible to create an efficient and economical road map in generating geographic information, which is an important element of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS).

Description

Apparatus and method for generating a road map}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for generating road maps using global positioning system (GPS) trace data.

Recently, ITS (Intelligent Transportation System) technology has developed a lot in terms of its area and utilization, and has become an important element in our daily lives. Geographic Information System (GIS), which provides geographic information of the real world through information, is one of the core linkage technologies of ITS.

The key technologies of GIS for ITS include the generation and provision of digital map data, which is expensive and time-consuming because it requires the collection and processing of a large amount of geographic information from the real world. In connection with this, many researches for generating digital map data have been conducted, and various technologies have been developed.

In general, digital map generation is performed through aerial photographs and real-world image analysis. In recent years, methods using satellite photographs have also been used. However, these methods have a problem in that initial construction costs and time are high, and when the real world information is changed, it takes a long time to reflect the change.

Recently, with the spread of portable terminals equipped with a GPS receiver, GPS trace data of a driving vehicle can be obtained using a personal portable terminal even without a GPS receiver installed in a vehicle. In other words, the spread of GPS-enabled mobile terminals facilitates the collection of GPS trace data by users, and the GPS trace data collected in this manner is being utilized in various fields.

The obtained GSP trace data represents location information on the road, and thus road maps can be generated using this data. Existing studies on road map generation using GPS trace data require a large amount of data in order to obtain accurate road maps, and the generated information is limited to road representation with simple link data.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for generating a road map in real time using GPS trace data of a user in order to solve the problems of existing digital map generation techniques.

Road map generation apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is a traffic data receiving unit for receiving a GPS (global positioning system) trace data transmitted from a plurality of users, and the road map target area MBR (Minimum Bounding Rectangle) And a road link data generator for generating a road link by clustering the GPS trace data provided from the traffic data receiver for each MBR, and analyzing the GPS trace data from the plurality of users. It includes a load property generator that creates road properties related to road links.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a road map generation method comprising: receiving global positioning system (GPS) trace data transmitted from a plurality of users, and minimizing bounding rectangles (MBRs) to a road map target area; Segmenting the GPS trace data, clustering the GPS trace data with respect to each of the MBRs, and generating road attributes related to the generated road links by analyzing GPS trace data from the plurality of users. Steps.

According to the road map generating apparatus and method according to the present invention, it is possible to generate a road map with high accuracy and attribute information in real time using a small amount of GPS trace data.

1 is a diagram illustrating a system for generating a road map.
2 is a block diagram of a road map generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a road map generation method in a roadlink data generator according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing a process of generating a road map according to the road map generating method of FIG. 3.
5 is a diagram illustrating a GPS trace data clustering method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a diagram for evaluating a road map that is a result of the processing of the road map generating apparatus according to the present invention.
7 is a diagram illustrating road map data generated according to the present invention.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing.

The terms first, second, A, B, etc. may be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. And / or < / RTI > includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

When a component is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to or connected to that other component, but it may be understood that other components may be present in between. Should be. On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Terms such as those defined in the commonly used dictionaries should be construed as having meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and shall not be construed in ideal or excessively formal meanings unless expressly defined in this application. Do not.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for generating road map data in real time by collecting GPS trace data of a user and analyzing the collected data.

First, a system for generating a road map will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a diagram illustrating a system for generating a road map.

Referring to FIG. 1, the plurality of users 10 to 40 generate GPS trace data and transmit the GPS trace data to the road map generating apparatus 100. To this end, the plurality of users 10 to 40 are equipped with an application in which a navigation terminal or a portable terminal in which a GPS receiver is embedded generates GPS trace data of a user who is driving and periodically transmits the GPS trace data to the road map generator 100.

GPS trace data includes longitude and latitude coordinates (WGS84), speed, direction, and time information. The generated trace data is converted into a data format according to the transmission standard, for example, a packet.

The road map generating apparatus 100 collects GPS trace data provided from various users and processes the collected GPS trace data to generate a road map.

The plurality of users 10 to 40 may wirelessly transmit GPS trace data to the road map generating apparatus 100 using the mobile terminal. Alternatively, the plurality of users 10 to 40 may transmit GPS trace data to the road map generator 100 by wire using a USB or the like.

The configuration and operation of the road map generating apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a block diagram of a road map generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2, the road map generator includes a traffic data receiver 110, a road link data generator 120, and a load attribute generator 130.

The traffic data receiver 110 receives GPS trace data transmitted from the plurality of users 10 to 40. The format of the GPS trace data may be a packet. In this case, when the traffic data receiver 110 receives the trace data packet, the traffic data receiver 110 parses the received trace data packet and performs validation. The validity verification may be performed by determining whether the vehicle is broken based on the position determination and the speed in the target area. Subsequently, the traffic data receiver 110 may store the trace data in a storage (not shown) such as a memory or a database.

The road link data generator 120 generates road link data through analyzing the GPS trace data of the user. Hereinafter, the operation of the road link data generator 120 will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

3 is a diagram illustrating a road map generation method in a roadlink data generator according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a diagram for describing a process of generating a road map according to a road map generation method.

Referring to FIG. 3, first, in step 210, the roadlink data generator 120 divides a target area region, that is, a road map target region, into MBR (Minimum Bounding Rectangle) units. As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the MBR is set to a range including one road as a minimum area divided for data processing. In FIG. 4A, the target area region is divided into six MBRs. Here, it should be noted that the number of MBRs according to division is not limited to a specific number and may be changed according to various conditions.

Subsequently, the roadlink data generator 120 generates a relative cell of a predetermined unit, for example, 1 m, for the MBR divided in step 220. The relative cell is for processing GPS trace data based on the MBR position. The relative cell of each MBR stores MBR position reference relative position information of the GPS trace data. In other words, the roadlink data generator 120 divides the MBR split in step 220 into cells of a predetermined size.

The roadlink data generator 120 maps the GPS trace data to the counter cell of each MBR in step 230. Referring to FIG. 4B, GPS trace data is mapped to each MBR. Specifically, the GPS trace data has, for example, a katek coordinate value. The users 10 to 40 provide position values based on the katek coordinate system to the road map generation apparatus 100 as GPS trace data. Catech coordinate system is a rectangular coordinate system developed for the CNS (Car Navigation System) in Korea.

That is, the roadlink data generator 120 converts the position values of absolute values into relative position values on each MBR in steps 220 and 230. The roadlink data generator 120 then clusters the GPS trace data in the counter cells of each MBR in step 240. The GPS trace data shown in Fig. 4C is clustered according to the proximity within the counter cell.

This clustering step (step 240) is shown in detail in FIG.

5 is a diagram illustrating a GPS trace data clustering method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the clustering step illustrated in FIG. 5, the roadlink data generator 120 performs each MBR. Clustering steps performed for each MBR may be performed simultaneously in parallel, or may be performed sequentially.

Referring to FIG. 5, the roadlink data generator 120 searches for a GPS position value in each MBR in step 310. As mentioned above, each MBR includes at least one road, and thus includes GPS trace data sent from a user on the road. The roadlink data generator 120 searches for GPS position values on the counter cells included in each MBR. In this case, the roadlink data generator 120 checks the counter cells of each MBR in turn, for example, from left to right and top to bottom. Accordingly, the roadlink data generator 120 determines whether the GPS position value is found in step 320, and if the GPS position value is found, counts GPS position values within a predetermined range based on the GPS position value found in step 330. . In this case, the roadlink data generator 120 may define a predetermined range as the clustering region based on the found GPS position value.

In other words, the roadlink data generator 120 counts GPS position values in the clustering region separated by circles drawn on each MBR in FIG. 4 (c). Clustering is performed on GPS position values within these predetermined ranges.

Subsequently, the roadlink data generator 120 determines whether the count value is greater than a predetermined threshold in step 340. This is to prevent clustering when the number of GPS values within a predetermined range is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold. This is because, if the number of clustered GPS position values is small, the result value is unreliable, for example, GPS trace data may be transmitted from a user who has left the road.

The roadlink data generator 120 clusters the GPS location values within the predetermined range in step 350 if the count value is greater than the predetermined threshold.

Referring back to FIG. 3, the road link data generator 120 clusters the GPS trace data and then generates road link data by concatenating the cluster which is the clustering result of the GPS trace data in each MBR in step 250. For example, one cluster is generated when GPS location values within a predetermined range are clustered. That is, one cluster exists in the cluster area within the MBR. The road link data generator 120 connects these clusters to generate road link data.

The road link data generator 120 then corrects the road link data generated in step 260. This step 260 is to correct irregularities of the generated road link data. The road link data generated in the previous step is not in the form of smooth straight lines or curves and needs correction. The road link data generator 120 corrects the outline of the road link by analyzing the shape and angle of the generated road link data. As shown in Fig. 4D, the road link data thus corrected becomes final road map data.

In this way, the roadlink data generator 120 generates a road map using the GPS trace data received from the users 10-40 and transfers the road map to the load attribute generator 130.

The load attribute generator 130 generates road attributes related to the road map data provided from the roadlink data generator 120. In detail, the load attribute generator 130 generates attribute information by predicting a lane width, a section speed, and a direction of a road link generated by analyzing a user's GPS trace data.

The load attribute generator 130 may calculate the lane width by calculating the maximum distance between the trace data having the same direction located around the target road link. In this case, the load attribute generator 130 may perform correction by comparing the predicted lane width between the target road link and the neighboring road links.

The load attribute generator 130 may calculate and predict the average velocity of the trace values having the same direction, that is, the GPS position values, located around the target road link. Also, the road attribute generator 130 corrects the section speed of the corresponding road link based on the section speed information of the neighboring road link for the road link for which the section speed is not generated.

In addition, the load attribute generator 130 predicts a traffic direction of the vehicle by analyzing the directions of the trace values positioned around the target road link, that is, the GPS position values.

6 is a diagram for evaluating a road map that is a result of the processing of the road map generating apparatus according to the present invention. Here, the accuracy of the road map data generated according to the present invention was evaluated using the road map provided by the portal service web.

FIG. 6 (a) shows a result of displaying GPS trace data mapped to a counterpart cell in the MBR on a map, and FIG. 6 (b) shows a result of displaying road link data generated after clustering on a map. FIG. 6 (c) shows the road link data generated after the clustering of the intersection roads, and FIG. 6 (d) shows the final road link data generated by correcting the link data of FIG. 6 (c). . As shown in Fig. 6, the road link data finally generated according to the present invention is almost similar to the existing road map data.

7 is a diagram illustrating road map data generated according to the present invention.

In FIG. 7, lanes having an interval speed of 30 km or less are displayed in red, and lanes are displayed in green for 30 km or more. In addition, the thickness of the line representing the road is displayed on the road map in proportion to the actual lane width.

As described above, the road map generating apparatus according to the present invention demonstrates that the efficient road information can be generated using the user's GPS trace data, thereby real-time road map generation with high accuracy is possible.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention as defined by the following claims It can be understood that

Claims (18)

In the road map generating device,
A traffic data receiver for receiving global positioning system (GPS) position values transmitted from a plurality of users;
A road link data generator for dividing a road map target area into minimum bounding rectangles (MBRs), and generating road links by clustering the GPS position values provided from the traffic data receiving unit for each MBR;
A load attribute generator for analyzing GPS position values from the plurality of users and generating road attributes related to the generated road links,
And the load attribute generator calculates a maximum distance between GPS position values having the same direction located around the road link to calculate a lane width. The method of claim 1, wherein the roadlink data generator generates cells of a predetermined unit for each MBR, maps the GPS location values to the counterpart cells, and clusters GPS location values in the counterpart cells of each MBR. And generating road links by connecting the clusters resulting from the clustering. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the road link data generator corrects an outline of the road link by analyzing a shape and an angle of the generated road link. delete The GPS link of claim 1, wherein the road link data generator searches for GPS position values on the relative cells included in each MBR, and when the GPS position value is found, a GPS position within a predetermined range based on the found GPS position value. Counting values, and clustering GPS location values within the predetermined range when the counted number of GPS location values is greater than a predetermined threshold value. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the road attribute comprises a lane width, a section speed, and a traffic direction of the road link. delete The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the load property generator calculates and predicts an average speed of GPS position values having the same direction located around the road link. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the load attribute generator predicts a traffic direction of the vehicle by analyzing directionalities of GPS position values positioned around the road link. In the road map generation method,
Receiving global positioning system (GPS) position values transmitted from a plurality of users;
Dividing the road map target area into Minimum Bounding Rectangles (MBRs),
Creating a road link by clustering the GPS location values for each MBR;
Analyzing the GPS position values from the plurality of users to generate road attributes related to the generated road links,
The generating of the road property may include calculating a lane width by calculating a maximum distance between GPS location values having the same direction located around the road link. The method of claim 10, wherein creating the road link
Generating cells of a predetermined unit for each MBR;
Mapping the GPS location values to the counter cells;
Clustering GPS position values in the relative cells of each MBR;
And generating a road link by connecting the clusters resulting from the clustering. The method of claim 11, wherein the generating of the road link further comprises correcting an outline of the road link by analyzing a shape and an angle of the generated road link. delete 12. The method of claim 11, wherein clustering the GPS location values comprises:
Searching for GPS position values on the counter cells included in each MBR;
Counting GPS position values within a predetermined range based on the found GPS position value when the GPS position value is found;
Clustering GPS location values within the predetermined range if the counted number of GPS location values is greater than a predetermined threshold. The method of claim 10, wherein the road attribute includes lane width, section speed, and direction of travel of the road link. delete 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the generating of the road property comprises calculating and predicting an average speed of GPS location values having the same directionality located around the road link. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the generating of the road property comprises predicting a traffic direction of the vehicle by analyzing the directions of GPS location values located around the road link.

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