KR101203951B1 - Direction finder for electromagnetic pulse using mach zehnder electro field sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A direction detector of an electromagnetic pulse using a Mach-Zender sensor is provided to accurately detect a location and a direction of a high output electromagnetic wave radiation source such as the electromagnetic pulse, etc. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of receiving modulators(13) includes a Mach-Zender sensor. The Mach-Zender sensor converts an electric signal caused by an electromagnetic pulse received by obtaining light into an optical signal. An optical cable delivers a signal outputted from a receiving modulator. The receiving modulator modulates the received electromagnetic pulse and outputs the optical signal which a phase is different and delivers the outputted optical signal by the optical cable. [Reference numerals] (11) Light source; (12) Light divider; (13) Receiving modulator; (14) Light converter; (15) Low noise amplifier; (16) Analysis instrument

Description

Direction finder for electromagnetic pulse using mach zehnder electro field sensor

The present invention relates to a device for receiving a high power electromagnetic wave and detecting its direction, and more particularly, a plurality of reception modulators for densely modulating an electric signal due to radio waves received through a Mach-Zehnder sensor and converting the signal into an optical signal, And an optical cable for transmitting the signal output from the receiving modulator, wherein the receiving modulator optically modulates the received radio wave and outputs the optical signal having a different phase, and the output optical signal is transmitted by the optical cable to detect the modulated signal. By analyzing, it is possible to improve the accuracy of direction detection by receiving high power electromagnetic waves without being damaged or degrading and unaffected by external radio waves, electrical energy and temperature, and in the wide frequency range of several KHz to several tens of GHz. Possible to detect fast pulsed signal with 1ns signal detection unit Ranges from 35uV / m to MV / m and is not affected by frequency impedance mismatch, no attenuation and phase shift of frequency-dependent attenuation of received signal, and direction detector of high power electromagnetic wave using Mach-Zehnder sensor It is about.

In general, a direction detector refers to a device that detects a source of a received radio wave and finds its direction. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional direction detector. Referring to FIG. 1, the direction detector 200 includes a plurality of antennas 210 and a low noise amplifier connected to a rear end of the antenna 210. 220, a coaxial cable 230 connected to the low noise amplifier 220, and a receiver 240 connected to the coaxial cable 230, wherein the antenna 210 has an electric field in the range of several to several tens of uV / m. Receiving a radio wave having strength and received signal is amplified by the low noise amplifier 220 and transmitted to the analyzer 240 through the coaxial cable 230 to compare the amplitude or phase difference of the signal to propagate direction or position Was detected.

The direction detector 200 is effective in detecting the direction and position of the electric wave having a low electric field strength, but has a problem in that it cannot receive or destroy a high power electric wave having a high electric field strength. Representative examples of high power propagation are electromagnetic pulses (EMP) and high power electromagnetics (HPEM), which are electromagnetic shock waves caused by nuclear explosions. / m, 5000A of electromagnetic energy is applied or applied directly to destroy electronic circuits, paralyzing all electronic devices acting as semiconductors, ie military equipment, communication equipment, computers, vehicles, computer networks, etc. In recent years, it is recommended to establish and respond to relevant standards at home and abroad, as it can cause fatal damage to industrial facilities in other countries while avoiding international criticism of killings and building destruction. As modern warfare is carried out by communication and weapon systems based on the electronics industry, EMP weapons such as EMP bombs are widely developed that can incapacitate enemy military communication and weapon systems and all power systems without harming humans. have.

When the signal of the EMP or HPEM is introduced through the antenna 210 of the conventional direction detector 200, the low noise amplifier 220 and analyzer 240 is destroyed, the direction detector 200 is an amplifier ( 210) and the coaxial cable 230, the measurement range is limited to a frequency of up to 3GHz and the signal detection unit is 10ms, it is impossible to detect a fast pulsed signal, affected by the impedance mismatch by frequency and the frequency of the received signal There is a problem in that it is not possible to detect the correct direction because the shift and phase shift of the amount of attenuation occurs. In particular, the low-noise amplifier for determining the accuracy of the direction detection is located at the rear end of the antenna 210, that is, the outside, which is greatly influenced by the temperature, further reducing the accuracy.

Therefore, the necessity of the direction detector which can pinpoint the direction and position of a high output electromagnetic wave is increasing, without damaging and performance deteriorating by high output electromagnetic waves, such as EMP.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems,

An object of the present invention is to provide a direction detector for high power electromagnetic waves using a Mach-Zehnder sensor that can accurately detect the direction and position of the high power electromagnetic radiation source.

In addition, the present invention provides a direction detector of a high-power electromagnetic wave using a Mach-Zehnder sensor that does not damage or deteriorate even when receiving a high-power electromagnetic wave by optically modulating the electromagnetic wave received through the antenna through an optical modulator and transmitted through the optical cable The purpose is to provide.

In addition, since the present invention modulates the received electromagnetic wave and transmits it through the optical cable, it is not affected by external radio waves, electrical energy, temperature, etc., and thus the direction detector of the high power electromagnetic wave using a Mach-Zehnder sensor which can improve the accuracy of the direction detection. The purpose is to provide.

In addition, the present invention can be used in a wide frequency range of several KHz to several tens of GHz, the signal detection unit is 1ns capable of detecting a fast pulsed signal, the measuring range is 35uV / m to MV / m, impedance by frequency It is an object of the present invention to provide a direction detector for a high-power electromagnetic wave using a Mach-Zehnder sensor, which is not affected by mismatch, does not cause variation in phase attenuation of a received signal and phase shift, and has a direction detection accuracy of 1 degree.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following embodiments.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the direction detector of high-power electromagnetic waves using the Mach-Zehnder sensor according to the present invention is a Mach density or phase conversion of the electrical signal by the received radio wave received with a linear light through an optical cable to an optical signal And a plurality of reception modulators including a gender sensor, and an optical cable for transmitting a signal output from the reception modulator, wherein the reception modulators optically modulate the received radio waves to output optical signals having different phases and output the optical signals. The signal is transmitted and analyzed by the optical cable, characterized in that the detection of the direction of high-power electromagnetic waves.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the direction detector of the high-power electromagnetic wave using the Mach-Zehnder sensor according to the present invention by branching the light emitted from the light source and the light emitted from the light source by the number of the Mach-Zehnder sensor It further comprises an optical splitter for outputting to each of the sensors.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, in the direction detector of high-power electromagnetic waves using the Mach-Zehn sensor according to the present invention, the receiving modulator includes an antenna for receiving a radio wave and converting it into an electrical signal and outputting the electric signal to the Mach-Zehnder sensor. The antennas are constructed on three axes of X, Y, and Z, respectively, to receive radio waves.

The present invention can obtain the following effects by the above-described embodiment, the constitution described below, the combination, and the use relationship.

The present invention has the effect of accurately detecting the position and direction of high-power electromagnetic radiation sources such as EMP.

In addition, the present invention has an effect that the radio wave received through the antenna is optically modulated through the optical modulator and transmitted through the optical cable does not damage or deteriorate even when receiving high-power electromagnetic waves.

In addition, since the present invention is optically modulated and transmits the received radio wave through the optical cable, there is an effect that it is not affected by external radio waves, electrical energy and temperature, etc., thereby improving the accuracy of the direction detection.

In addition, the present invention can be used in a wide frequency range of several KHz to several tens of GHz, and can detect a fast pulsed signal with a signal detection unit of 1 ns, and have a measurement range of 35 uV / m to MV / m, and impedance mismatch for each frequency. It does not affect the frequency shift and phase shift of the attenuation amount of the received signal, and there is an effect having a direction detection accuracy of 1 degree.

1 is a block diagram of a conventional direction detector.
2 is a block diagram of a direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 is a detailed view of the receiving modulator used in the direction finder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a block diagram of an analyzer used in the direction finder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 to 7 is a reference diagram for explaining the principle of propagation direction detection in the direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings a direction detector of a high power electromagnetic wave using a Mach-Zehnder sensor according to the present invention will be described in detail. Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and, if conflict with the meaning of the terms used herein, It follows the definition used in the specification. In addition, detailed description of well-known functions and configurations that may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention will be omitted.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a detailed view of the receiving modulator used in the direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is an embodiment of the present invention 5 to 7 are reference diagrams for explaining the principle of propagation direction detection in the direction detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 to 7, the direction detector 1 of the high power electromagnetic wave using the Mach-Zehnder sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention is a light source 11 for emitting a laser (light) and the light emitted from the light source 11 An optical splitter 12 for distributing the number of lasers (light) by the number of receiving modulators 13, and converts an electrical signal due to radio waves received by receiving light from the optical splitter 12 into an optical signal (density or phase) A receiving modulator 13 for modulating, an optical converter 14 for converting an optical signal output from the receiving modulator 13 into an electrical signal, and a low noise amplifier for amplifying the electrical signal output from the optical converter 14 (15), and an analyzer (16) for analyzing the signal output from the low noise amplifier (15) to determine the direction and position of received radio waves, wherein the light source (11), the optical splitter (12), and the The optical splitter 12 and the receiving modulator 13, the receiving modulator 13 and the optical converter 14 are each optical Cable is connected to (A, B, C), characterized by that by the high-power electromagnetic waves without damage and without causing any degradation to accurately detect the direction and location of the high-power electromagnetic radiation.

The light source 11 is configured to emit a laser (light) which is a source of the reception modulator 13, and the light emitted through the light source 11 is distributed through the optical splitter 12 The receiving modulator 13 is supplied.

The optical splitter 12 is connected to the light source 11 and the optical cable A to branch light emitted from the light source 11 by the number of the reception modulators 13 so that the reception modulator 13 is provided. Feed each one.

A plurality of reception modulators 13 are installed, and each reception modulator 13 is connected to the optical splitter 12 by an optical cable B, and receives light from the optical splitter 12 to receive radio waves. The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal, and includes an antenna 131 and an optical modulator 132.

The antenna 131 is connected to the optical modulator 132 and receives a radio wave and converts radio wave energy into electric energy.

The optical modulator 132 is connected by the optical splitter 12 and the optical cable (B) to receive light from the optical splitter 12, and is connected to the antenna 13 to receive an electrical signal by radio waves And converts the electrical signal into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal to the optical converter 14. The optical modulator 132 is preferably a Mach-zhender sensor (light converter). Looking at the principle that the signal by the radio wave is modulated into an optical signal through the Mach-Zehnder optical modulator 132 in detail with reference to Figure 3, the light input through the optical splitter 12 through the branch (branch) When the current output from the antenna 131 receives the radio wave and outputs the phase shifter on the lower side, the refractive index of the lower phase shifter changes, and the light passing through the lower phase shifter changes phase. It encounters light passing through the phase shifter on the upper side where no current is applied, causing constructive or destructive interference. Therefore, the electric signal due to the received radio wave has the effect of converting into an optical signal. Since the optical modulator 132 converts a signal due to radio waves into an optical signal using light as a source, the optical modulator 132 can modulate radio waves without supplying power. Three to five reception modulators 13 are used, and it is preferable to construct the antenna 131 of the reception modulator 13 in three axes of X, Y, and Z.

The optical converter 14 is connected to the reception modulator 13 and the optical cable C to convert an optical signal output to the reception modulator into an electrical signal, and the signal output from the optical converter 14 is It is input to the low noise amplifier 15.

The low noise amplifier 15 is connected to the optical converter 14 to amplify the signal output from the optical converter 14 and output the amplified signal to the analyzer 15.

The analyzer 16 is connected to the low noise amplifier 15 and analyzes the signal output from the low noise amplifier 15 to detect the direction of radio waves. The analyzer 16 includes a receiver 161, Gyro compass 162, vector network analyzer 163, communication unit 164, generation source display unit 165, control unit 166 and the like.

The receiver 161 is connected to the low noise amplifier 15 and receives the output signal. The gyro compass 162 is a digital device displaying a true north direction.

The vector network analyzer 163 searches for a direction and an altitude by performing phase comparison, amplitude comparison, and true north direction correction of each signal received through the receiver 161.

The communication unit 164 transmits and receives information on the direction of the other direction and the radio wave.

The source display unit 165 displays the source of the radio wave on the map by finding an intersection point of the direction of the radio wave transmitted from the other direction detector with the direction of the same radio wave analyzed by the vector network analyzer 163.

The controller 166 controls operations of the receiver 161, the gyro compass 162, the vector network analyzer 163, the communication unit 164, and the generation source display unit 165.

Hereinafter, the principle of finding the position and direction of the radio wave will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.

FIG. 5 is a view schematically illustrating a principle of detecting a direction and a position of a radio wave by using a direction detector including three receiving wave units 13. As illustrated in FIG. 5, light emitted from the light source 11 is illustrated. The radio wave radiated or reflected from the radio wave source 300 is received by each antenna 131 in the state of being supplied to the optical modulator 132 of each receiving modulator 13 through the optical splitter 12. When the signal output from 131 flows into the optical modulator 132, an optical signal having a phase or an amplitude that varies according to the direction of the antenna 131 attached to the optical modulator 132 is transmitted from the optical modulator 132. Each (channel) is outputted to the optical converter 14 via the optical cable (C). The optical converter 14 converts the input signal into an electrical signal and outputs it to the amplifier 15. The amplifier 15 amplifies the input signal for each channel and outputs the signal to the analyzer. The vector network analyzer 163 of the analyzer performs phase comparison, amplitude comparison and true north direction correction on the signal input from the amplifier 14 for each channel to detect the direction or altitude of the radio wave. Thereafter, the generation source display unit 165 of the analyzer analyzes the radio waves analyzed by the vector network analyzer 163. The radio wave detector 400 located in an area different from the direction is compared with information on the direction of the same radio wave detected and transmitted, and the intersection point is displayed on a map to detect the location of the radio wave. For example, when the radio wave generation source is present at a high altitude, the antenna 131 of the reception modulator 13 may be constructed in three axes of X, Y, and Z to accurately measure the generated altitude. In the phase difference direction detection method, when the frequency is known, the wavelength is calculated, and given the length of the unit wavelength, the phase difference between the plurality of antennas separated by the unit distance can be measured to find the direction of propagation in consideration of the distance between the antennas.

6 shows the principle of detection of the propagation direction through phase detection by the two reception modulators 13. The angle between the plane parallel to the direction of propagation and the true north direction is denoted by θ and the two reception modulators 13 are If the angle between the plane (hereinafter referred to as the "receiver modulator surface") and the plane parallel to the direction of radio wave arrival is α, θ + α = 180 ° and the angle between the two receiving modulator surface and the incident wave is α The angle formed between the receiving modulator surface and the vertical plane in the direction of propagation is θ. When the distance between one reception modulator 13a and another reception modulator 13b is d, the delay distance of one reception modulator 13a in the propagation propagation direction is dsinθ. By dividing the delay distance by the optical speed C, it is possible to find the distance from which the two receiving modulators 13 deviate from the wave front surface, that is, the incident angle of the radio wave. In addition, the propagation direction detection of the relatively low HF band can detect the propagation direction by comparing the difference between the amplitudes of V ₁ (voltage of one reception modulator 13a) and V ₂ (voltage of another reception modulator 13b). .

7 shows the principle of detection of the propagation direction using six reception modulators 13. The basic principle is the same as the case of using two reception modulators, but in order to more accurately find the direction of propagation, 13a-13c, 13c-13e, and 13e. -13b, 13b-13d, 13d-13a in order of receiving modulator position interval in order of longest phase to detect direction and receive in the order of 13a-13b, 13b-13c, 13c-13d, 13d-13e, 13e-13a Correct the direction error by measuring the phase difference in the order of the interval between modulators.

The direction detector is characterized in that the radio wave received through the antenna is optically modulated through the optical modulator and transmitted through the optical cable does not damage or deteriorate even when receiving a high power electromagnetic wave. In addition, since the direction detector optically modulates the received radio wave and transmits the optical wave through the optical cable, the direction detector is not affected by external radio waves, electrical energy, and temperature, and thus may improve accuracy of direction detection. In addition, the direction detector can be used in a wide frequency range of several KHz to several tens of GHz, and can detect a fast pulsed signal with a signal detection unit of 1 ns, and has a measurement range of 35 uV / m to MV / m, and impedance for each frequency. It is characterized by a direction detection accuracy of 1 degree without variation or phase shift of attenuation by frequency of the received signal without being affected by mismatch. In addition, the direction detector is characterized in that the direction of propagation can be detected without error by fast ns unit by receiving optical energy to a plurality of receiving modulators simultaneously using optical splitters to receive very fine phase differences without correction. .

In the above, the Applicant has described various embodiments of the present invention, but these embodiments are merely one embodiment for implementing the technical idea of the present invention, and any changes or modifications may be made to the present invention as long as the technical idea of the present invention is implemented. It should be interpreted as falling within the scope of.

1: direction finder 11: light source 12: optical splitter
13: receive modulator 14: photoconverter 15: low noise amplifier
16: analyzer 131: antenna 132: optical modulator
161: receiver 162: gyro compass 163: vector network analyzer
164: communication unit 165: source display unit

Claims (3)

In the direction detector for receiving the EMP to detect the direction or position of the received EMP,
The direction detector includes a plurality of reception modulators including a Mach-Zehnder sensor for receiving the light and converts the electrical signal received by the EMP into an optical signal, and an optical cable for transmitting the signal output from the reception modulator,
The receiving modulators optically modulate the received EMPs and output the optical signals having different phases, and the output optical signals are transmitted and analyzed by an optical cable, thereby detecting the direction of the EMPs. Direction finder. The direction detector of the EMP using the Mach-Zehnder sensor
EMP using a Mach-Zehn sensor, characterized in that it further comprises a light source for emitting light, and a light splitter for dividing the light emitted from the light source by the number of the Mach-Zehnder sensor to output to each of the Mach-Zehnder detector. The receiver of claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving modulator
And receiving an EMP, converting the signal into an electrical signal, and outputting the same to the Mach-Zehnder sensor.
Wherein the antenna is built on three axes of X, Y, Z, respectively, direction detection of EMP using a Mach-Zehnder sensor, characterized in that.

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