KR101203386B1 - Electric bicycle and driving circuit for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electric bicycle and a driving circuit thereof, the electric bicycle having front wheels and rear wheels disposed in front and rear of a main frame, respectively, comprising: a power storage unit located in a front region of the main frame and a discharge through the power storage unit; A driving type to rotate the rear wheels or to rotate the rear wheels or to charge the power storage unit by using the rotational force of the rear wheels; It provides an electric bicycle characterized in that the use of a capacitor for charging and discharging.

Description

ELECTRIC BICYCLE AND DRIVING CIRCUIT FOR THE SAME}

The present invention relates to an electric bicycle and a driving circuit thereof, which is a hybrid electric bicycle operated by a manpower (ie, stepping force) and a driving force of a motor, which simplifies the circuit of its regenerative energy driving device and freely charges according to a user's operation. The present invention relates to an electric bicycle and a driving circuit thereof.

In general, bicycles are the oldest, the means of transportation that people do not cause environmental pollution. Bicycles, unlike other means of transportation, because they use the human attraction, that is, the driving force. These bicycles have the advantage of saving travel time and having a faster moving speed than walking and moving a certain amount of things.

Moreover, in recent high oil prices, more and more users use bicycles instead of cars to reduce fuel costs. However, in the case of bicycles, hilly terrain requires more physical fitness than walking or running, and if the destination is far, it consumes too much physical strength, which may cause a problem of harming the user's health.

Recently, an electric bicycle or a hybrid bicycle has been developed as a technology for solving the problem and making the bicycle more convenient to use.

An example of such a conventional electric bicycle is disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0235580. The electric bicycle relates to a hybrid bicycle having a manpower drive and an electric drive system.

1 is a driving circuit diagram of an electric bicycle according to the prior art.

In FIG. 1, one terminal of the DC electric motor 7 is connected to the drain terminal of the auxiliary switching element 33, the gate terminal of the auxiliary switching element 33 is connected to the auxiliary PWM controller 32, and the source terminal is a capacitor. It is connected to (C11) and grounded. The diode D11 is connected in series with the large capacity capacitor 34 and then connected in series with the diode D12 through the DC-DC converter 35.

This conventional technology is a method of charging by using the rotational force of the motor due to the energy generated during driving, not the electrical charging method of the battery.

However, in the prior art, the charging and discharging modes are switched depending on whether the brake lever is operated when driving downhill. This has the disadvantage of complicated circuitry.

In addition, the complexity of the circuit increases the number of parts used, which increases the weight of the bicycle. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that the weight of the entire bicycle increases because of using a relatively heavy battery (lead battery or lithium battery).

Therefore, the present invention has been created to solve the above problems, and can satisfy both the effects of braking and the generation of electricity through regenerative braking, and uses a plurality of capacitors instead of a general battery to provide electrical energy even at low voltage. The present invention provides an electric bicycle and a driving circuit thereof that can effectively store the power, display an amount of electric energy currently stored to the user, and simplify the driving circuit to freely charge and discharge the battery according to the user's will.

An electric bicycle in which front wheels and rear wheels are respectively disposed in front and rear of a main frame according to the present invention, comprising: a power storage unit located in a front region of the main frame; A generator-type electric motor configured to drive the rear wheel by driving through discharge of the power storage unit or to charge the power storage unit by using the rotational force of the rear wheel; And an operation switch for controlling charging and discharging operations of the power generation motor, and the power storage unit provides an electric bicycle using a capacitor for charging and discharging electrical energy.

A super capacitor of 100 to 1000 F of 1 to 5 V is used as the capacitor, and the power storage unit uses the super capacitors in series in a range of 5 to 20, or series the super capacitors in a range of 5 to 20. One connected capacitor set is used in parallel in a range of 2 to 10.

The power storage unit further includes a cover for accommodating the capacitor and mounting and fixing the capacitor to the main frame, the display unit displaying the state of the power storage unit and the power generation motor on a surface of the cover, and the power storage. And a panel operation unit including a voltage current sensing unit for measuring voltage and current of the unit and the generator type motor, and a control unit for controlling the operation of the power storage unit, the generator type motor, and each unit.

The operation switch is mounted to the panel operation unit, it is characterized in that mounted to the handle connected to the front wheel.

In addition, the drive circuit of the electric bicycle for performing charge and discharge through the regenerative drive according to the present invention, the two generation-type electric motor connected in parallel; A capacitor having one terminal connected to one terminal of the electric motors; A first operation switch connected between the other terminal of the power generation motor and the other terminal of the capacitor; A diode and a second operation switch connected between the other terminal of the power generation motor and the other terminal of the capacitor; And a main switch disposed between the first and second operation switches and the other terminal of the capacitor, and wherein the first operation switch, the diode, and the second operation switch are connected in parallel to each other.

The capacitor may be used by connecting a series of 1 to 5V supercapacitors of 100 to 1000F within a range of 5 to 20, or 2 to 10 sets of one capacitor that connects the supercapacitors in series to a range of 5 to 20. It is characterized by using in parallel connection within the range.

As described above, the present invention charges and discharges the electric bicycle using regenerative energy, and can freely charge and discharge the battery by operating a switch of the user.

In addition, the present invention enables the charging and discharging of electrical energy even at low regenerative energy by using a capacitor for storing electrical energy instead of a conventional battery.

In addition, by showing the amount of stored electric energy and the amount of energy produced by the electric motor to the user can guide the charging and discharging. In addition, a plurality of capacitors may be connected in series and in parallel to secure sufficient capacity and voltage, and damage by external moisture may be minimized by covering the capacitor through a separate cover.

1 is a driving circuit diagram of an electric bicycle according to the prior art.
2 is a perspective view of an electric bicycle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an electric bicycle driving circuit diagram according to an embodiment.
4 is a block diagram of a panel manipulation unit according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described an embodiment of the present invention in more detail. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, It is provided to let you know. Wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

2 is a perspective view of an electric bicycle according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is an electric bicycle driving circuit diagram according to an embodiment. 4 is a block diagram of a panel manipulation unit according to an exemplary embodiment.

2 to 4, the electric bicycle according to the present embodiment is a hybrid bicycle that is driven by the force of the manpower, or driven through the electric force by the electric motor. In addition, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment may charge or discharge electric energy according to a user's operation.

The electric bicycle includes a main frame 100, a front wheel 200 mounted at the front of the main frame 100, and rear wheels 301, 302; 300 mounted at the rear of the main frame 100.

The crankshaft 110 is rotatably supported in the central region of the main frame 100, the drive sprocket 120 is disposed on one side of the crankshaft (110). Right and left pedals 130 are mounted at both ends of the crankshaft 120. The power storage unit 400 is mounted in the front area of the main frame 100, and the panel manipulation unit 500 is positioned in the power storage unit 400.

Located on the rear of the main frame 100 includes a rotary shaft 310 coupled to the rear wheel 300, and a rear wheel sprocket 320 mounted to the rotary shaft 310, the electric power through the rotational force of the rear wheel sprocket 320 Generating (ie, charging operation) and providing it to the power storage unit 400 or generating power (ie, discharging operation) through the power of the power storage unit 400 and generating it to the rear sprocket 420. An electric motor 600 and operation switches 701, 702; 700 for controlling charging and discharging operations of the electric motor 600 are provided.

It also has a handle 800 mounted to the front of the main frame, a chain 140 coupled to the drive sprocket 120 and the rear wheel sprocket 420.

In addition, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment further includes a sensing unit 910, 920, 930, 940 for sensing an electric energy value such as a voltage and a current amount of the power storage unit 400.

Through the above-described configuration, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment performs charging and discharging using regenerative energy (regenerative braking), but can be charged and discharged through a user's operation according to a user's needs.

Here, braking refers to reducing the rotational speed of the wheel or stopping the wheel by consuming the rotating kinetic energy of the wheel as heat energy. This braking is a necessary factor, but it is necessary to consume much kinetic energy.

Thus, the braking power consumed by thermal energy is stored as other energy and used as power for driving, thereby increasing energy efficiency.

In addition, regenerative braking refers to a principle of supplying kinetic energy during braking to a motor producing power using such a structural surface to rotate the motor and simultaneously satisfy both aspects of braking effect and electricity generation by counter electromotive force. If the regenerative braking system is introduced, it can be converted into thermal energy during braking, converting and storing the unusable energy into electrical energy and using it again as a power source.

The electric bicycle of the present embodiment has a front wheel 200 and a rear wheel 300 as mentioned above. At this time, it is effective to provide two rear wheels 301 and 302 as the rear wheel 300. That is, a three-wheeled bicycle was designed. At this time, the size of the rear wheel is smaller than the size of the front wheel. At this time, when the size of the front wheel is 100, it is effective that the size of the rear wheel is 60 to 80%. This can lower the running center of gravity. If the size of the rear wheel is larger than the size there is a disadvantage that the risk of overturning increases the center of gravity. In addition, when smaller than the size, the energy efficiency is lowered, there is a problem that the stability during cornering is lowered. As described above, the mounting space of the motor may be secured to the rear wheel through the three-wheel drive.

In the electric bicycle of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the power storage unit 400 is mounted in the front region of the main frame 100.

The power storage unit 400 includes a plurality of capacitors 410 and a cover 420 covering the capacitors 410. In this embodiment, a capacitor is used to store electrical energy.

In general, lead acid batteries and lithium batteries have been used as devices for storing electrical energy. However, since these secondary batteries generate or store electricity through chemical reactions, the charging time is long and the weight of the electrolyte is heavy. In addition, it is advantageous to drive the motor by maintaining a substantially constant voltage from the time of full charge until it is discharged, but the low voltage generated by regenerative braking at low speed cannot be stored.

In this embodiment, this disadvantage can be eliminated by using the capacitor 410 as a storage device of electrical energy. In other words, the capacitor has the same capacity based on the lead acid battery and is half the weight. In addition, since the voltage comes out in proportion to the amount of charged charge, the low voltage generated by regenerative braking at low speed can be stored.

Moreover, if you are going to introduce the regenerative braking system mentioned earlier, you will also need a rechargeable battery for that system. This is because the amount of electrical energy to be produced by regenerative braking may be produced by high voltage electrical energy or low voltage electrical energy depending on the speed just before braking. If a conventional battery is used in the regenerative braking system, it can be stored when producing a high voltage, but neither the effect of braking nor the storage of electrical energy is produced when producing a low voltage. However, using a capacitor can solve this problem. Capacitors generate voltage in proportion to the amount of electric charges, just as they fill or use water in the water tank.When the amount of charge is low, the capacitors themselves generate low voltages, so the high voltage produced by the regenerative braking system is produced. Charging and braking effects can be achieved even at lower voltages. In this embodiment, a super capacitor of 100 to 1000F of about 1 to 5V is used. These supercapacitors are connected in series in a range of 5 to 20 to form one capacitor set, and the capacitor sets are connected in parallel in a range of 2 to 10 and used as an electric energy storage device.

It is effective to use it within the above range due to constraints such as the capacity of the super capacitor and the weight and mounting size of the super capacitor.

For example, a series of 12 supercapacitors with a capacity of 2.7V 360F are connected in series to generate a voltage of 32.4V at the maximum charge, and the supercapacitor sets combined in series are further connected in parallel to the total capacity in consideration of the total capacity. This allows the design and manufacture of electrical storage devices using 72 supercapacitors with voltages up to 32.4V and a total capacity of 180F.

In this case, the number and capacity of the supercapacitors used may be used within the aforementioned range.

In this embodiment, a plurality of super capacitors arranged in series and in parallel as described above are mounted and coupled to the front of the main frame 100. In addition, since the plurality of capacitors 100 are electrically connected, damages due to moisture or the like may occur when the connection portion is exposed to the outside.

In this embodiment, the capacitor 410 is disposed inside the cover 420 with a separate cover 420. The cover 420 prevents the electrode terminal of the capacitor 410 from being exposed to the outside. In addition, the cover 420 having the capacitor 410 arranged therein may be mounted on the main frame 100 to mount and couple the capacitor 410 to the main frame 100. Of course, in the present embodiment, the capacitor 410 is electrically connected to the power generation motor 600. The capacitor 410 is located at the front of the main frame 100, the power generation motor 600 is located at the rear of the main frame 100. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is effective to extend the wire connecting the capacitor 410 and the electric motor 600 inside the main frame 100.

Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the plurality of capacitors 410 may be mounted to the main frame 100 in various forms. For example, a separate capacitor mounting frame (not shown) may be disposed on the main frame 100, and a capacitor may be positioned on the frame. In addition, the cover 420 is coupled to the mounting frame to prevent the capacitor from being exposed to the outside. In addition, the main frame 100 used in the present embodiment is manufactured in the form of a cylindrical tube. In addition, the capacitor 410 is manufactured in a cylindrical shape. Therefore, some capacitors 410 may be inserted into the main frame 100. In addition, a separate groove or hole is formed in the mail frame 100, and the capacitor 410 may be mounted by inserting the capacitor 410 into the groove or hole. In the related art, since a large size battery is inserted into the main frame 100, the shape of the frame 100 should be changed. However, since the capacitor 410 is mounted to the main frame 100 by a separate cover 420 as in the present embodiment, deformation of the main frame 100 can be minimized. In addition, since the capacitor 410 is inserted into the main frame 100 and classified as an extra capacitor 410, the extra capacitor 410 even if the capacitor 410 outside the main frame 100 is completely discharged. Through the electric energy (power) until after charging can be provided to the outside.

As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the panel manipulation unit 500 is located on the surface of the cover 420 of the power storage unit 400. In this case, the panel manipulation unit 500 includes a display unit 510 for displaying a screen, a voltage current sensing unit 20 for measuring voltage and current, and a controller 530 for controlling the electric bicycle system. In addition, an operation switch 700 for controlling the charging and discharging operation of the power generation motor 600 may be positioned on the panel operation unit 500. Of course, the operation switch 700 may be attached to the handle 800. In the present embodiment, the main switch 1000 of the electric bicycle may be positioned on the panel operation unit 500.

In this case, the main switch may be turned on and off using a separate key.

In the present embodiment, two rear wheels 301 and 302 are individually driven by using two power generation motors 600. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the two rear wheels 301 and 302 may be driven using one electric motor 600. In addition, when the number of rear wheels 300 is one, it is also possible to use two power generation type motors 600. As such, the number of power generation type motors 600 is not limited and may be variously changed.

In this embodiment, the power generation motor 600 is preferably located in the main frame 100 of the rear wheel. In addition, the power generation motor 600 is electrically connected to the capacitor 410 of the power storage unit 400. Of course, a wire for such an electrical connection may extend into the main frame 100. Of course, it may extend along the outer surface of the main frame 100.

In the present embodiment, a direct current generator type electric motor 600 is used in consideration of climbing power, regenerative braking energy recovery and braking force. Of course, AC motors, brushless motors, and the like can also be used. At this time, it is effective to use a motor of 100 to 500W class as the electric motor 600.

As described above, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment stores electric energy in the capacitor 410 which is the power storage unit 400, and drives the rear wheel 300 by operating the electric motor 600 through the stored electric energy. In addition, the electric motor 600 generates electric energy by driving the rear wheel 300 and stores the produced electric energy in the capacitor 410.

To this end, as described above, in the present embodiment, the operation switch 700 may be provided to freely change the charging and discharging modes of the capacitor 410.

As shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 3, the electric bicycle includes two generator-type motors 600 connected in parallel, a capacitor 410 having one terminal connected to one terminal of the generator-type motor 600, and a generator-type motor ( The first current meter 920 and the first operation switch 701 connected in series between the other terminal of the terminal 600 and the other terminal of the capacitor 410, and the other terminal and the capacitor 410 of the power generation type motor 600. And a diode D1, a second current meter 930, and a second operation switch 702 connected in series between the other terminals. Here, the first current meter 920 and the first operation switch 701 connected in series, and the diode D1, the second current meter 930 and the second operation switch 702 connected in series are generated electric motors. A parallel connection is made between the other terminal of 600 and the other terminal of the capacitor 410. In addition, a main switch 1000 may be disposed between the first and second operation switches 701 and 702 and the other terminal of the capacitor 410. In addition, as shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 3, the first voltage meter 910 and the third switch 703 connected in parallel with the power generation type motor 600, and the second voltage meter 940 connected in parallel with the capacitor 410. ).

In addition to the circuits described above, it is thought that various circuits capable of using regenerative energy are possible. In the present example, a diode and a switch are used. If there are other possible circuits, please also request them. In order to increase the possibility of patent registration, it is better to explain various circuits that can be changed.

In the above description, the voltage and current meter may be omitted. These meters have the advantage of knowing the current operating state.

The electric bicycle of this embodiment can consider three modes. That is, a mode in which the user does not use electric energy, a mode in which the user drives the bicycle using the electric energy, and a mode in which the user converts the driving force of the bicycle into electric energy and charges the capacitor.

If using the first mode, it is effective to turn off all switches. Of course, the first and second operation switches 701 and 702 may be turned off while the main switch 1000 is turned on. In addition, when the user goes uphill, when driving the bicycle using the electric energy, when the main switch 100 is turned on, and the first operation switch 701 is turned on, the electric energy charged in the capacitor 410 is The two electric motors 600 are provided to generate the electric motor 600 provides a rotational force to the rear wheel (300). This moves the bicycle through electrical energy. In addition, when the user goes downhill, the regenerative braking converts the driving force into electrical energy to charge the capacitor 410. To this end, when the main switch 1000 is turned on and the second operation switch 702 is turned on, the power generation motor 600 rotates according to the rotation of the rear wheel 300 of the bicycle to generate electric force. Electrical energy is stored in capacitor 410.

In this case, this may be performed by operating the operation switch 700 of the user. By controlling the charging and discharging operation by such a user operation, the circuit diagram of the electric bicycle system may be simplified, and the overall unit cost may be reduced because no expensive chipset or sensor is mounted.

In addition, a voltage and current meter is placed to indicate when the user is operating the switch and to display the voltages of the capacitors and generator motors and the current value between them. This allows the user to know the effective switching time.

And, as mentioned above, the present embodiment uses a capacitor for electrical energy storage. Therefore, even if a low voltage occurs during regenerative braking in a generator type electric motor, if the charge amount of the capacitor is low, the produced electricity can be stored and a braking effect can be obtained. In other words, since the prior arts are all charged using a brake signal separate from the battery, the charging is limited only when the slope is down or during braking. However, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment can control the charging and discharging regardless of the driving condition or braking. In addition, since the motor is connected to the two rear wheels in the charging mode, the charging can be performed without driving the pedal.

 In addition, the electric bicycle of the present embodiment is not limited thereto, and charging and discharging may be performed using separate sensors.

That is, for example, an acceleration sensor may be used to automatically charge the capacitor above a certain acceleration. In addition, the position sensor may be attached to the front wheel and the rear wheel, respectively, to perform charging or discharging of the capacitor using the height difference therebetween. In addition, the G sensor, magnetic sensor, etc. can be used to determine the current state of the electric bicycle and automatically charge and discharge according to the change of state.

100: main frame 200: front wheel
300: rear wheel 400: power storage
410: capacitor 500: panel control panel
600: power generation motor 700: drive switch

Claims (6)

delete delete delete delete In the drive circuit of the electric bicycle which charges and discharges through the regenerative drive,
Two power generation motors connected in parallel;
A capacitor having one terminal connected to one terminal of the electric motors;
A first operation switch connected between the other terminal of the power generation motor and the other terminal of the capacitor;
A diode and a second operation switch connected between the other terminal of the power generation motor and the other terminal of the capacitor;
A main switch disposed between the first and second operation switches and the other terminal of the capacitor,
A drive circuit for an electric bicycle, wherein the first operation switch, the diode, and the second operation switch are connected in parallel.
The method of claim 5,
The capacitor may be used by connecting a super capacitor of 100 to 1000 F of 1 to 5 V in series in a range of 5 to 20, or 2 to 10 capacitor sets in which the super capacitor is connected in series in a range of 5 to 20. A drive circuit for an electric bicycle, characterized by being connected in parallel within the range.

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