KR101194856B1 - Stereoscopic 3-dimensional Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to expand the three-dimensional visible region by using the diffraction of light when the three-dimensional image is implemented by using the red (R), green (G), blue (B) subpixels, a plurality of pixels in the form of an array The pixels are composed of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) subpixels of different colors, and alternately form a left eye pixel (L) and a right eye pixel (R) in subpixel units. One display panel, a backlight unit disposed on the back of the display panel to provide light toward the display panel, and a vertical or horizontal barrier is provided on the front of the display panel to pass the synthesized image through the slits between the barriers. There is provided a stereoscopic image display device including a parallax barrier for delivering a virtual three-dimensional stereoscopic image by transmitting the left and right eyes to different images, and a diffraction slit formed at minute intervals between the slits to diffract light. I will.

Stereoscopic Image, 3D, Parallax Barrier, Diffraction

Description

Stereoscopic 3-dimensional Display device

1 is a view for explaining the principle of implementing a three-dimensional stereoscopic image using a parallax barrier in the stereoscopic image display device according to the prior art.

2 is a view for explaining a principle of implementing a three-dimensional stereoscopic image by each of the R, G, B sub-pixels according to the prior art.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a light distribution of light in a stereoscopic image display using a parallax barrier.

4 is a diagram illustrating a three-dimensional visible region in a stereoscopic image display apparatus using a conventional parallax barrier.

5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a principle of implementing a 3D stereoscopic image using a stereoscopic image display apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a change in diffraction angle according to the interval between diffraction slits in the stereoscopic image display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a light distribution of light according to a diffraction phenomenon of a stereoscopic image display device according to an exemplary embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS (S)

110; display panel 112; pixel

120; backlight unit 130; parallax barrier

132; barrier 134; slit

140; observer 150; diffraction slit

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional (3D) stereoscopic image display device, and more particularly to the diffraction of light when realizing a three-dimensional image using red (R), green (G), blue (B) subpixels The present invention relates to a stereoscopic image display device which eliminates color separation caused by color mixing.

In general, the stereoscopic image representing the three-dimensional image is made by the principle of stereo vision through two eyes. The parallax of two eyes, that is, the binocular disparity which appears because the eyes are about 65 mm apart, is the most It is an important factor. Therefore, the left and right eyes (left and right eyes) see different two-dimensional images, and when these two images are transmitted to the brain through the retina, the brain precisely fuses each other to reproduce the depth and reality of the original three-dimensional image. will be.

Currently, technologies proposed for displaying three-dimensional stereoscopic images include stereoscopic image display, glasses-free stereoscopic image display, and holographic display method using special glasses.

Among these, the autostereoscopic three-dimensional image display method has a parallax barrier method and a semi-cylindrical lens that separate and observe an image through a vertical grid-shaped aperture in front of each image corresponding to left and right eyes. It can be divided into a lenticular (lenticular) method using a lenticular plate arranged in the (Integral photography) method using a lens plate of the eye shape of the fly.

Such a stereoscopic image display method is limited to a small number of people because the observation range is fixed, but it is convenient to wear a separate eyeglasses such as a stereoscopic image display method by special glasses, and these glasses are easier to implement than the holographic display method. It is more preferred.

Recently, in the autostereoscopic 3D display, a parallax barrier (hereinafter, referred to as parallax barrier), which is a method of realizing a virtual three-dimensional image through deception by using stereo images, is mainly adopted. Doing.

1 is a view for explaining the principle of implementing a three-dimensional stereoscopic image using a parallax barrier in the stereoscopic image display device according to the prior art, Figure 2 is a three by three R, G, B subpixels according to the prior art It is a diagram for explaining the principle of implementing a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.

First, referring to FIG. 1, a conventional stereoscopic image display device includes a left eye pixel L for displaying left eye image information on the display panel 10, and a right eye ( (B) Right eye pixels (R) for displaying image information for image formation are alternately formed, and light is emitted from the lower part of the display panel 10 to emit light toward the display panel 10. A backlight unit 20 is provided, and a parallax barrier 30 is disposed between the display panel 10 and the observer 40 to pass or block light. It is.

The parallax barrier 30 is provided with vertical barriers 32 at regular intervals as shown in an enlarged plan view to block the light emitted from the right eye pixel R and the left eye pixel L, and the barrier 32 and the barrier. The slits 34 between the 32 allow the observer 40 to implement a virtual three-dimensional stereoscopic image by passing the light from the right eye pixel R and the left eye pixel L.

The implementation method of the 3D stereoscopic image using the parallax barrier 30 will be described in more detail.

First, among the light emitted from the backlight unit 20, light toward the left eye of the observer 40 passes through the left eye pixel L of the display panel 10 and passes through the slit 34 of the parallax barrier 30. Light L1 reaching the left eye of 40 is obtained. However, even though light passes through the left eye pixel L of the display panel 10 among the light emitted from the backlight unit 20, the light L2 directed to the right eye of the observer 40 is blocked by the barrier 32. It is not delivered to the observer 40. In this manner, the light emitted from the backlight unit 20 passes through the right eye pixel R of the observer 40 and passes through the slit 34 of the parallax barrier 30 to reach the right eye of the observer 40. There is light R1, and even though it passes through the right eye pixel R of the liquid crystal panel 10, the light R2 directed to the viewer's left eye is blocked by the barrier 32.

Therefore, the light passing through the left eye pixel L becomes the light L1 transmitted only to the left eye of the observer 40, and the light passing through the right eye pixel R only passes the right eye of the observer 40 R1. ) And the observer 40 can recognize it. At this time, sufficient parallax information is formed between the light L1 reaching the left eye and the light R1 reaching the right eye so that the human being as the observer 40 can sufficiently sense, and thus the observer is three-dimensional. You will be able to enjoy three-dimensional images.

An implementation method as described above is applied to a red (R) subpixel, a green (G) subpixel, and a blue (B) subpixel, as shown in FIG. 2.

That is, the left eye pixel L and the right eye pixel R correspond to a unit pixel consisting of three subpixels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) in one-to-one correspondence. Implement 3D stereoscopic images.

If a 3D stereoscopic image is implemented in units of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) sub-pixels instead of unit pixels, red (R), green (G), The area where all of the blue (B) can be observed can be the area ⓑ including all of the (R) area, (G) area, and (B) area. This includes areas where light emitted from each of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) subpixels can pass through the parallax barrier 30 to reach the viewer 40.

However, when a 3D stereoscopic image is realized in unit pixel units, all three colors exist in the region where the observer 40 can simultaneously observe red (R), green (G), and blue (B) on the screen side. The 3D visible area is reduced by being limited to the ⓐ area, and blue (B) cannot be seen from the right side of the ⓐ area beyond the 3D visible area, becoming redish, and the red (R) on the left side of the ⓐ area. ), There is a problem that the color separation phenomenon that becomes blueish (bluish) occurs.

That is, there is a problem in that the resolution of the 3D image decreases due to an increase in the area where color separation occurs while reducing the 3D visible area.

This color separation phenomenon is determined by the degree of light divergence that can reach the screen side, which explains the correlation.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the conventional stereoscopic image display apparatus, since the light emitted from each subpixel enters the central portion of the parallax barrier most as the parallax barrier is used, the light divergence distribution has a Gaussian shape. do. At this time, the region ⓒ where the light divergence distribution is greatest is a three-dimensional viewing left and right region (or a three-dimensional viewing region).

Referring to the case of the square wave based on this, as shown in FIG. 4, the left eye image and the right eye image are clearly separated from the 3D visible region corresponding to the ⓒ region, whereas the left eye image is visible in the ⓓ region outside the ⓒ region. The right and right eye images are mixed so that two objects are seen and three-dimensional stereoscopic images are not visible. That is, it becomes an area where color separation occurs.

Therefore, it is necessary to expand the area of light emitted from each subpixel to increase the three-dimensional visible area, thereby reducing the area where color separation occurs.

Therefore, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to achieve a three-dimensional image using the red (R), green (G), blue (B) sub-pixel color separation phenomenon caused by color mixing by expanding the light emitting area It is to provide a three-dimensional image display device is removed.

Other technical problems to be achieved by the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned technical problems, and other technical problems not mentioned above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. Could be.

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, a plurality of pixels are arranged in an array form, the pixels are red (R), green (G), blue (B) of different colors ) A display panel composed of subpixels, in which a left eye pixel (L) and a right eye pixel (R) are alternately formed in units of subpixels, and a backlight unit disposed on a rear surface of the display panel to provide light to a display panel side, and a display A parallax barrier for providing a virtual three-dimensional stereoscopic image by providing a vertical or horizontal barrier on the front of the panel so that the synthesized image passing through the slits between the barriers is transferred to the left and right eyes respectively; It is characterized in that it comprises a diffraction slit is formed at fine intervals between the slits to diffract light.

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diffraction slit is preferably formed on the same plane as the parallax barrier.

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diffraction slit is preferably made of a material having a refractive index different from that of the barrier.

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diffraction slit is preferably made of a material that allows light to pass through.

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diffraction slit is preferably composed of indium tin oxide or silicon nitride film (SiNx).

In the stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the fine interval of the diffraction slit is about 0.5 to 4 μm.

Specific details of other embodiments are included in the detailed description and the drawings. Advantages and features of the present invention and methods for achieving them will be apparent with reference to the embodiments described below in detail with the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

Hereinafter, a stereoscopic image display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 illustrates a principle of implementing a 3D stereoscopic image using a stereoscopic image display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating a change in diffraction angle according to the interval between diffraction slits in the stereoscopic image display device according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a stereoscopic image display apparatus uses a parallax barrier (hereinafter, referred to as a parallax barrier) in an autostereoscopic 3D image display method, and includes a plurality of pixels (as shown in FIG. 5). The display panel 110 in which the 112 is arranged in a matrix form, the backlight unit 120, the display panel 110, and the observer 140 disposed on the rear surface of the display panel 110 to provide light toward the display panel 110. A parallax barrier 130 positioned between the parasitic barrier 130 and a plurality of diffraction slits 150 arranged between the parallax barrier 130.

As shown in the enlarged plan view, the parallax barrier 130 includes a plurality of barriers 132 spaced apart at regular intervals in a horizontal or vertical direction in front of an image corresponding to the left and right eyes. ) And the light coming from the left eye pixel L, and the slit 134 between the barrier 132 and the barrier 132 passes through the light coming from the right eye pixel R and the left eye pixel L. The observer 140 implements a virtual 3D stereoscopic image.

The diffraction slit 150 has a structure in which a plurality of fine slits are formed to diffract light emitted from the right eye pixel R and the left eye pixel L.

The diffraction slit 150 is positioned in the slit 134 of the parallax barrier 130 and is spaced apart from the barrier 132, and is disposed horizontally or vertically according to the arrangement direction of the barrier 132. That is, it is located on the same plane as the parallax barrier 130.

The parallax barrier 130 may be formed of the same material as the barrier 132 of the parallax barrier 130, but may be formed of a transparent material because the opening ratio of light is blocked by the same amount and thus the luminance is lowered. For example, indium tin oxide (ITO) or silicon nitride layer (SiNx), which is a transparent conductive material, may be used.

In addition, the diffraction slit 150 is formed of a material having a refractive index different from that of the barrier 132 so that light emitted from the right eye pixel R and the left eye pixel L may be diffracted to avoid the parallax barrier 130.

In addition, the diffraction slit 150 is characterized in that the smaller the fine spacing of the slit, the larger the diffraction angle of light, the fine spacing is the margin of the three-dimensional visible region, the distance to the barrier 132, 3 It usually has a spacing between 0.5 and 4 mu m, depending on the dimensional viewing distance, the difficulty of the process, and the like.

A method of implementing a 3D stereoscopic image of a 3D image display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention configured as described above will be described in more detail.

As shown in FIG. 6, the display panel 110 in which the red (R) subpixels, the green (G) subpixels, and the blue (B) subpixels are regularly arranged, each subpixel includes a left eye pixel (L) and The right eye pixel R may be alternately formed, or the left eye pixel L and the right eye pixel (R) in one pixel unit composed of a red (R) subpixel, a green (G) subpixel, and a blue (B) subpixel. R) can be formed.

The barrier 132 and the diffraction slit 150 of the parallax barrier 130 are alternately formed on the same plane between the observer 140 and the display panel 110.

In order to observe each of the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) screens from the screen side through the display panel 110, the (R) area, (G) area, (B) This is possible only in the ⓑ area where all areas are included. This includes areas where light emitted from each of the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) subpixels can pass through the parallax barrier 30 to reach the viewer 40.

In order to observe red (R), green (G), and blue (B) at the same time, the three-dimensional viewable area is reduced because it is limited to an area where all three colors exist. The three-dimensional visible region is a region that can realize a three-dimensional image, and is a region in which all three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) exist.

At this time, the diffraction slit 150 is located in the slit 134 of the parallax barrier 130 so that the light emitted through the slit 134 is diffracted by the diffraction slit 150 at a predetermined angle to emit light. Is further dispersed, and thus, the area where red (R), green (G), and blue (B) can be seen can be seen to be extended to area ⓔ.

Accordingly, the three-dimensional visible region can be further expanded by light diffraction, and at the same time, the color separation phenomenon in which red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are separated can be eliminated. This may be possible by adjusting the spacing of the diffraction slit 150.

For example, the graph of FIG. 7 shows the change of the diffraction angle according to the relative intensity of light when the fine spacing of the diffraction slits 150 is 3 μm.

If the wavelength of the light is 550 nm and the minute spacing of the diffraction slit 150 is 3 μm, the light having 40% relative intensity may be dispersed to about ± 5 °.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating light divergence distribution according to a diffraction phenomenon of a stereoscopic image display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in which a divergence barrier and a diffraction slit are used. Light divergence distribution is different.

When the parallax barrier 130 is used, since the light enters the portion of the slit 134 by the barrier 132 that blocks the light, the intensity is the highest and thus the Gaussian shape is obtained. When light diffraction occurs, the light intensity at the center is slightly weaker, but the light intensity at the left and right is relatively stronger, which is closer to the square wave as shown.

Therefore, it can be seen that the 3D visible region E according to the Gaussian form is extended to the F region.

As such, when the three-dimensional viewable area is expanded, color separation due to color mixing of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) can be eliminated, and the contrast ratio is increased even at the left and right edges. The resolution of the 3D image can be increased.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood.

Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are provided so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the scope of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, The invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The stereoscopic image display device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention made as described above not only expands the 3D visible region by dispersing the path of light emitted from each subpixel by using the diffraction phenomenon of light, but also affects color mixing. By removing the color separation phenomenon and increasing the contrast ratio of the left and right edges in the three-dimensional visible region, there is an effect that can extend the substantially three-dimensional visible region.

Claims (6)

A plurality of pixels are arranged in an array, and the pixels are composed of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) subpixels of different colors, and the red, green, and blue subpixels are arranged in one set. A display panel in which left eye pixels L and right eye pixels R are alternately formed in units; A backlight unit disposed on a rear surface of the display panel to provide light toward the display panel; A barrier of a vertical or horizontal shape is provided at the front of the display panel to pass the left eye light from the left eye pixel and the right eye light from the right eye pixel, which are synthesized through the slits between the barriers. A parallax barrier for delivering a virtual three-dimensional stereoscopic image by allowing the left and right eyes to be transferred to different images; And A diffraction slit formed at minute intervals between the slits to diffract light for left eye and light for right eye at the parallax barrier, The parallax barrier is formed such that the barriers in the horizontal or vertical direction and slits formed between the barriers are paired to correspond to the left eye pixel and the right eye pixel, respectively. The diffraction slit includes at least one of indium tin oxide or silicon nitride film (SiNx) having a refractive index different from that of the barrier, The interval between the diffraction slit is 0.5 (μm) to 4 (μm) characterized in that the stereoscopic image display device. delete delete delete delete delete

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