KR101190637B1 - Economical driving guide system for tractor and economical driving guide method - Google Patents

Abstract

Economic operation guidance system for a tractor according to the present invention, a speedometer for detecting the speed of the tractor, a potentiometer for detecting the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor, a GPS sensor for detecting the working speed of the tractor, information input An input device for the display, a monitor for displaying the information, and a control device. The controller inputs data on the engine speed (R) of the tractor, the throttle output of the tractor (X ₁ ), the working speed of the tractor (V) and the working width of the tractor (W) from the speedometer, potentiometer, GPS sensor and input device. Throttle engine speed (R ₂ ), tractor output (P ₃ ), fuel consumption (Q), work performance (C), estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ), and monitor the results Provide the driver. The economic driving guide system for a tractor according to the present invention may calculate the throttle engine speed using the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor and provide the driver with an optimal driving condition to increase the driving efficiency.

Description

ECONOMICAL DRIVING GUIDE SYSTEM FOR TRACTOR AND ECONOMICAL DRIVING GUIDE METHOD}

The present invention relates to an economic driving guide system for a tractor, and more particularly, an economic driving guide system and an economic driving guide for a tractor that can guide the driver in real time to an optimal driving condition by using an opening angle of a throttle valve of a tractor. It is about a method.

Farm tractors have tens of gears because they are used as a power source for a variety of farming operations, from lightly fertilizer spraying to heavy tilling. In economical use of agricultural tractors, the number of gears in the tractor and the engine speed are one of the most important factors. Light load farming operations, such as fertilizer application, composting, and control, are operated with low speed gears to waste energy.

In Japan, 45.8% of the fertilizer spraying operations, 52.2% of the composting operations and 40.9% of the control operations (boom boom control machines) are reported to waste fuel by operating the tractor overpowered (Fujii, 2008). In the case of Korea, 24% of plow operations and 41% of rotary operations are conducted with overpower using low speed gears of 1-2 stages. The reason for this is that agricultural tractors are designed to be used as a power source for various agricultural works, so the difference in horsepower is large depending on the type of farming work, and it is difficult to shift gears under load, and the driver has a large number of gears. This is because it is difficult to select the gear stage suitable for.

Recently, as high oil prices continue, various attempts have been made to increase the driving efficiency of various power generators using fossil fuels such as automobiles and agricultural machinery and to reduce fuel consumption. The car has a built-in sensor that can directly drive speed, engine speed, torque, fuel consumption, etc. and control the operation using the CPU, but the tractor does not have such a sensor and CPU. Economic driving methods applied to automobiles are not available.

Recently, in the United States and Canada, tractor fuel consumption was increased by increasing the gear stage, lowering the throttle lever (Gear Up & Throttle Down), and retrieving the relationship between the gear stage, engine speed and fuel consumption during tractor farming. Has been reported to reduce by about 30% (Grisso et. Al., 2001; Grisso et al., 2006). Although Japan has developed a system that indirectly predicts tractor output using the tractor exhaust temperature and directs the operator to the gear stage and engine speed appropriate for the agricultural workload (Fujii, 2008), the exhaust gas temperature is a temperature response. There are reports that there is a limit in predicting performance due to the slow speed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and using the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor economic driving guidance system for a tractor that can provide the driver with optimal operating conditions that can increase the driving efficiency of the tractor and It is an object to provide a guidance method.

Economic operation guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, a speedometer for detecting the speed of the tractor, a potentiometer for detecting the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor, the work of the tractor GPS sensors for detecting speed, input devices for inputting information, and monitors and controls for displaying information. The control device is the engine speed (R) of the tractor, the throttle output value (X ₁ ) of the tractor, the working speed (V) and the working width (W) of the tractor from the speedometer, the potentiometer, the GPS sensor and the input device. Calculate the throttle engine speed (R ₂ ), estimated output of the tractor (P ₃ ), fuel consumption (Q), work performance (C), and estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ). Results are presented to the driver via the monitor.

The potentiometer may be coupled to the axis of rotation of the throttle valve of the tractor.

The predicted tractor output P ₃ may be calculated from the following equations.

(P ₁ : PTO power at full load curve (kW), X: Ratio of actual engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

(P: PTO power at part load curve (kW), Y: Ratio of throttle engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal))

Where R ₁ = (1.1884Y-0.2887) × Rmax, Rmax: The maximum engine speed (rpm) of the tractor, function SIGN (Number) is defined as 1 if Number is positive, 0 if 0, and -1 if negative do)

The fuel consumption amount (Q), the work performance (C) and the estimated fuel consumption amount (Q ₁ ) per unit area may be calculated from the following equations.

(Where a = 0.156, b = 0.087, c = -0.0054, d = -0.0006, X: Ratio of PTO power to rated PTO power (decimal)), Red = (R / Rmax) × 100 (%) (R: Current engine speed of the tractor (rpm), Rmax: Maximum engine speed of the tractor (rpm), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

(Where V is the working speed (km / h), W is the working width (m)),

Economic operation guide method for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, (a) receiving a working width (W), (b) receiving a throttle output value (X ₁ ), (c ) Receiving the actual engine speed (R), (d) receiving the working speed (V), (e) calculating the throttle engine speed (R ₂ ) from the throttle output value (X ₁ ), (f) calculating the predicted output (P ₃ ) from the full load output (P ₁ ) and the partial load output (P) of the tractor, (g) calculating the fuel consumption (Q), (h) the work performance ( C) calculating, (i) calculating an estimated fuel consumption (Q ₁ ), (j) the actual engine speed (R), the estimated power (P ₃ ), the fuel consumption (Q), the And displaying the working speed V, the working performance C, and the estimated fuel consumption Q ₁ on a monitor.

The economic driving guide system for a tractor according to the present invention may calculate the throttle engine speed using the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor and provide the driver with an optimal driving condition to increase the driving efficiency. Therefore, the driver can economically drive the tractor, thereby saving fuel and reducing greenhouse gases.

In addition, the economical driving guidance system for a tractor according to the invention helps the driver to drive the tractor without overdoing, thereby increasing the durability of the tractor.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing an economic driving guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows the output screen of the monitor of the economic driving guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows the engine speed according to the output value of the throttle valve.
4 shows the tractor output according to the engine speed.
5 shows the tractor output ratio to the engine speed ratio.
6A to 6H are flowcharts for describing an economic driving guide method of the economic driving guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a graph for deriving the engine speed when the maximum output value is reached in the partial load curve.
Figure 8 compares the actual output of the tractor and the output of the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 compares the fuel consumption of an actual tractor with the fuel consumption of an economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 compares the actual speed of the tractor and the working speed output from the GPS sensor of the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 shows the tractor output for each gear stage output to the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention during the plow operation.
12 is a comparison of the tractor fuel consumption output and the operation performance output to the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention during the plow operation.
Figure 13 shows the tractor output for each gear stage output to the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention during the rotary operation.
Figure 14 compares the tractor fuel consumption and the work performance output to the economic driving guide system according to an embodiment of the present invention during the rotary operation.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be described in detail an economic driving guide system and an economic driving guide method for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In describing the present invention, the size or shape of the components shown in the drawings may be exaggerated or simplified for clarity and convenience of description. In addition, terms that are specifically defined in consideration of the configuration and operation of the present invention may vary depending on the intention or custom of the driver or operator. These terms are to be construed in accordance with the meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention based on the contents throughout the present specification.

As shown in Figure 1, the economical driving guidance system 100 for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention is a speedometer 110 for providing information about the speed of the tractor, the opening angle of the throttle (throttle) valve Potentiometer 120 for providing information, GPS sensor 130 for providing information on the working speed, input device 140 for inputting information, Monitor 150 for displaying a variety of information, voice guidance Speaker 160 for receiving a variety of information to calculate the necessary data, and outputs the calculated data through the monitor 150 and the speaker 160 and a memory 180 for storing information . Here, the speedometer 110 may use a tachometer of the tractor itself.

The control unit 170 receives information about the speed of the tractor, the opening angle of the throttle valve, and the working speed (V) through the speedometer 110, the potentiometer 120, and the GPS sensor 130, and predicts the tractor output (P _3). ), Fuel consumption (Q), work performance (C), and estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ) are calculated. In addition, the control unit 170 guides the gear stage capable of optimal economic operation according to the agricultural work load through the monitor 150 and the speaker 160 in real time based on the calculated data.

As shown in FIG. 2, the output screen of the monitor 150 includes a graph window 151, an engine speed display window 152, an output display window 153, a speed display window 154, a work performance display window 155, and a fuel. Consumption display window 156, estimated fuel consumption display window 157, guide window 158 is displayed. The graph window 151 shows a graph related to the predicted output (P ₃ ) of the tractor and the engine speed (R), which are the full load curve 151a, the 65% load curve 151b, and the 40% load curve 151c. , A 20% load curve 151d and a pointer 151e indicating a current driving state may appear. The monitor 150 may use a touch screen to input the working width W. In this case, since the motor 150 serves as an input device, a separate input device 140 may be omitted.

In addition, the engine speed R through the engine speed display window 152, the output display window 153, the speed display window 154, the work performance display window 155, the fuel consumption display window 156, and the estimated fuel consumption display window 157. ), Tractor estimated power (P ₃ ), working speed (V), working performance (C), fuel consumption (Q) and estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ) are displayed in real time. The guide window 158 displays information on whether the gear stage should be increased or decreased for economic driving, or whether the gear stage is optimal.

In the present invention, the tractor output and fuel consumption prediction equations are derived using the tractor characteristic curve, the fuel consumption prediction equation uses the initial engine speed determined by the throttle valve and the actual engine speed determined by the agricultural work load. Is derived. And the prediction formula of the work performance and the estimated fuel consumption per unit area is derived by using the speed signal of the GPS sensor 130. The process of deriving each of these prediction equations is as follows.

Tractor PTO Performance Test

In the present invention, a new tractor (LX470C, Daedong, Korea) having a rated power of 27.21 kW and a maximum engine speed of 2668 rpm at a rated engine speed of 2400 rpm was used to obtain a tractor characteristic curve. The PTO performance test was carried out through the PTO performance test device (AG400, Froud Autotech, England) of the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute for the full load test and the partial load test proposed by the OECD Test Criteria (OECD, 2009). The full load test measured the tractor output and fuel consumption by varying the engine rotation speed in 100 rpm units at full load. The partial load test measured tractor output and fuel consumption until the engine speed dropped to 800 rpm while gradually applying load to the tractor's PTO shaft at no load 2600 rpm. A partial load test was conducted to obtain the tractor characteristic curve. This tractor characteristic curve is shown in Fig. 8 (Actual PTO power) and Fig. 9 (Actual fuel consumption).

Throttle valve opening angle and engine speed measurement

The throttle valve serves to increase or decrease the rotational speed of the engine by controlling the amount of fuel supplied to the engine. The engine speed of the tractor is determined by the throttle valve, and when the load is applied, the engine speed is reduced and displayed on the tractor dashboard. In the present invention, the engine speed determined by the throttle valve is defined as the throttle engine speed R ₂ , and the engine speed displayed on the instrument panel is defined as the actual engine speed R.

The throttle valve opening angle was measured by attaching a potentiometer (Potentiometer, T4682-32231, Daedong, Korea) to the rotating shaft of the throttle valve of the tractor. The potentiometer is output with a value of 0-5V, and the electrical effective angle is 110˚ ± 3˚ and the mechanical operating angle is 120˚ ± 5˚. 3 is a result showing the engine speed according to the output value of the throttle valve. The operating range of the throttle opening angle was 1403rpm at 17.4˚ and 2762rpm at 63.3˚, which indicates that the engine speed according to the throttle valve opening angle is very precise.

Tractor engine speed was used by receiving the tachometer signal of the tractor itself. The tachometer is operated by a pickup sensor built into the tractor gear case. The output is output from 0 to 12V, and the limit level is 3.5 to 6.8V and 567Hz at 2000rpm. After converting this signal to engine speed, the actual engine speed and error was 30rpm.

Tractor Output Prediction Algorithm

Tractor output is determined by the opening of the throttle valve and the tractor engine speed. If the throttle valve is opened while the tractor is not loaded, the engine speed is located on the X axis as shown in the graph shown in FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 4, when a load is applied when the engine speed reaches the point R2 in the no-load state, the tractor output first increases to the point P2 along the part load curve and then along the full load curve. It will decrease slowly. At this time, since the engine speed decreases in proportion to the increase in load, the tractor output value is a value on a partial load curve or on a full load curve.

The tractor output value selection in the full load curve or the partial load curve uses the output on the partial load curve (P) when the actual engine speed is greater than the maximum partial load engine speed (R1). The algorithm is designed to use the output P1 of the phase.

The full load prediction equation using the tractor output curve is shown in Equation (1) below. The full load prediction equation was calculated as the ratio of PTO power to rated PTO power with respect to the ratio of engine speed to max engine speed, as shown in FIG. 5, which has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9968. Showed a high correlation. The partial load prediction equation was derived using the principle of proportional expression of “P / P2 = (R2-R) / (R2-R1)” as shown in Equation (2) below. Here, equations (1) and (2) may vary depending on the tractor.

...식(1)

... (1)

(P ₁ : PTO power at full load curve (kW), X: Ratio of actual engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

...식(2)

... (2)

(P: PTO power at part load curve (kW), X: Ratio of actual engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Y: Ratio of throttle engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW ))

Tractor Fuel Consumption and Work Performance Prediction

The following equation (3) was used to estimate the tractor fuel consumption. Equation (3) is a fuel consumption prediction model formula presented by Grisso et al. (2006), and the present inventors verified the prediction formula by substituting the actual measured data, but the results showed a big difference. Therefore, the Applicant recalculated the coefficient values in order to make a prediction formula suitable for the published tractor, and the coefficient of determination was 0.9809 when each coefficient value was a = 0.156, b = 0.087, c = -0.0054, and d = -0.0006. We found a very high correlation.

...식(3)

... (3)

(Q: Fuel consumption at partial load and full load (L / h), X: Ratio of PTO power to rated PTO power (decimal), Red: Percentage of reduced engine speed for a partial load (%), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

The Applicant has determined that it is necessary to predict the estimated fuel consumption per unit area in order to provide detailed information to the tractor driver, and for this purpose, the tractor work performance (C) was measured in real time. The working speed (V) was measured by GPS sensor (GPS641, ASCENKorea, Inc., Korea), the working width (W) was input by touch screen input method, and the tractor working performance (C) using the following equation (4). The time required for turning the tractor was determined to be difficult to accurately measure due to the GPS sensor error.

...식(4)

... formula (4)

(C: Working performance (h / ha), V: Working speed (km / h), W: Working width (m))

The tractor output prediction equations (Equations (1) and (2)), the fuel consumption prediction equation (Equation (3)), the work performance prediction equation (Equation (4)), and the equations (3) and (4) The predicted fuel consumption per unit area, which can be easily derived from the equation, is programmed in the control device 170. The control unit 170 receives information on the speed of the tractor, the opening angle of the throttle valve, and the working speed to predict the tractor output, fuel consumption, work performance, and predicted fuel consumption per unit area by using the predicted equations programmed. It guides the driver to the gear stage for optimum economic operation according to the workload.

Hereinafter, the economic driving guide method of the economic driving guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6H. Here, the tractor to which the economic driving guidance system for the tractor is applied, the maximum engine speed (Rmax) is 2668 rpm, the rated engine speed (Rrat) is 2400rpm, the rated power (Prat) is an example of 27.21kW. In the present invention, the maximum engine speed, rated engine speed and rated power are intrinsic values corresponding to the tractor used at the start of the economic operation guidance system, and these values may vary depending on the tractor used, and various equations accordingly May also vary.

First, when the driver inputs the working width W (S10), the control unit 170 reads the throttle output value X ₁ from the potentiometer 120 (S11) and reads the throttle engine speed (Trottle rpm, R ₂ ). Calculate (S12). The throttle output value X ₁ uses 10 average values per second, and the throttle engine speed R ₂ is calculated by the following equation (5) derived from the graph of FIG. 3.

...식(5)

... Equation (5)

Next, the control unit 170 reads the current actual engine speed (R) displayed on the instrument panel (S13), and determines whether the actual engine speed (R) is less than 1200 and R / R ₂ > 0.9 ( S14). In this case, if the condition is satisfied, the process returns to the step S11 of reading the throttle output value X ₁ , and if the condition is not satisfied, the value X ₂ and Y are calculated (S15). Here, 1200 rpm is the threshold at which the tractor can move when the engine of the tractor is running, and X ₂ and Y are defined as follows.

X ₂ = R / Rmax, Y = R ₂ / Rmax

Next, the control device 170 calculates the full load output (P ₁ ) through the above-described formula (1) (S16), after calculating the partial load output (P) through the formula (2) (S17) Calculate the expected output (P ₃ ) through the following equation (6) (S18).

...식(6)

... Equation (6)

Here, R ₁ is derived from the graph shown in FIG. 7 and represents the engine speed when the maximum output value is reached in the partial load curve, where R ₁ = (1.1884Y-0.2887) × Rmax, and the function SIGN (Number) is Number Is defined as 1 for positive numbers, 0 for 0, and -1 for negative values)

Thereafter, the control device 170 defines the variables X ₃ and Red as follows (S19).

X ₃ = P ₃ / Prat, Red = (R / Rmax) × 100

Next, the control device 170 calculates the fuel consumption amount Q through the above-described formula (3) (S20), receives the working speed V from the GPS sensor 130 (S21) and the above-described formula ( After calculating the work performance (C) using 4) (S22), using the following equation (7) to calculate the estimated fuel consumption (Q ₁ ) (S23).

...식(7)

... equation (7)

Subsequently, the control unit 170 includes an actual engine speed (R), an expected output (P ₃ ), a working speed (V), a work performance (C), a fuel consumption amount (Q), an estimated fuel consumption amount (Q ₁ ), and the like. Is output to the monitor 150 (S24).

In addition, the control unit 170 performs the following steps S25 ~ S112 based on the actual engine speed (R) and the throttle engine speed (R ₂ ) to guide the gear stages to maximize the working efficiency of the tractor. . Here, the operating conditions that can maximize the working efficiency of the tractor is the relationship between the current engine speed (R) and the expected output (P ₃ ) in the graph shown in the graph window 151 of the monitor 150 shown in FIG. The pointer 151e indicating is located between the full load curve 151a and the 65% load curve 151b.

First, the control device 170 determines whether the current operation state corresponds to the condition of R ₂ > 2600 (S25). In addition, the controller 170 displays the message " Gear ↓ " in the guide window 158 of the monitor 150 in this condition (S26), and the intermittent alarm sounds through the speaker 160 (S27). The gear stage is induced to be lowered, and the step S11 of reading the throttle output value X ₁ is repeated.

If the current operation state does not correspond to the condition of R ₂ > 2600, the control unit 170 determines whether the current operation state corresponds to the condition that R ₂ > 2600 and R / R ₂ ≥ 0.89 (S28), In this case, the message “Optimal state” is output to the guide window 158 of the monitor 150 (S29) to inform the driver that the current driving state is an optimal state, and the throttle output value (X ₁ ) is read (S11). Repeat).

If the current operation state is R ₂ > 2600 and does not correspond to the condition that R / R ₂ ≥ 0.89, the control unit 170 corresponds to the condition that the current operation state is R ₂ > 2600 and R / R ₂ ≥ 0.89 In this case (S30), in this condition, the message "Gear ↑" is displayed on the guide window 158 of the monitor 150 (S31) and a continuous warning sound sounds through the speaker 160 (S32). The gear stage is guided to increase, and the step S11 of reading the throttle output value X ₁ is repeated.

Subsequently, the control unit 170 reads the throttle output value X ₁ and repeats the steps S33 to S112 through the guide window 158 for information on the gear stage so that the driver can operate the tractor in an optimal driving state. to provide. Here, the display method of the message through the guide window 158 or the shape of the warning sound through the speaker 160 may be variously changed.

The performance verification of the economic driving guidance system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention can be confirmed by comparing the data value output from the system and the data measured by the tractor performance test equipment (AG400, Froud Autotech, England) there was. The performance test was carried out on silty soil with 38.4% soil water content as shown in Table 1 below.

Item

Soil hardness (kPa)
Soil texturez (%) Soil Moisture (wb,%) Field size (m) 10 cm
20 cm 30 cm 40 cm Avg. Sand Silt Clay Silty clay 982 5,734 7,642 6,694 5,263 43.0 22.1 34.9 38.4 100 × 30

Performance verification results for the economic driving guide system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

Tractor PTO Power Prediction Results

8 is a result of comparing the actual output of the tractor and the output of the economic driving guidance system starter. Actual tractor output was measured using inspection equipment for agricultural machinery performance testing. The full load curve shows that the tractor output and the output of the starter are very consistent. In the partial load curve, however, the output power of the initiator was the same as the actual value at 2400rpm, but was lower than the actual value at 6kW at 2200rpm, 5kW at 2000rpm, 4kW at 1800rpm, 3kW at 1600rpm, 2kW at 1400rpm, and 1kW at 1200 and 1000rpm.

This is a natural result because the partial load curve is assumed to be a straight line and the prediction formula is made. In fact, it is very difficult to accurately predict the tractor output because the working environment such as soil, hardness and moisture content changes frequently during actual pavement work. The tractor power prediction formula proposed in the present invention is not overwhelming to use.

Prediction of Tractor Fuel Consumption and Work Performance

9 is a drawing comparing fuel consumption of the actual tractor fuel consumption with the starter of the economic driving guidance system. In the full load curve, the fuel consumption of the starter tended to decrease slightly from the actual fuel consumption as the engine speed increased. Compared at 2400rpm with the largest difference, the actual fuel consumption was 10.7L / h and the output of the starter was 10.2L / h, resulting in a maximum error of 0.5L (4.5%) per hour. In the partial load curve, the fuel consumption was 1L / h at 2400rpm, 3L / h at 2200rpm, 1.3L / h at 2000rpm and 0.1 ~ 0.8L / h at 1800rpm than the actual fuel consumption.

This difference is a result of making a prediction equation assuming a partial load curve as a straight line. If the partial load curve is expressed as a high-dimensional equation, the error range may be reduced, but the response time may be slowed down due to the time required for the computer to calculate the high-dimensional equation. The economic driving guidance system is not a fuel consumption measuring device but a system that informs the driver of the gear speed and engine speed so that the tractor can be operated economically. There is no.

10 is a result of comparing the actual speed and the working speed output from the GPS sensor in order to measure the working speed precision of the GPS sensor. The GPS sensor used at the start of the economic driving guidance system is generally an automotive GPS sensor (GPS641, ASCENKorea, Inc., Korea). As a result of the test, the coefficient of determination was 0.991, which did not show a big difference between the actual driving speed and the speed of the GPS sensor, and it did not show a big difference even at a low speed of 1 m / s.

Figure 11 shows the tractor output by the gear stage output to the starter of the economic operation guidance system during the plow operation. Tractor output increased in proportion to working speed and engine speed. The tractor gears 5 and 6 were not significantly different from the 4 gears. These results are presented in Park et al. (2009, Park, SH, CK Kim, YJ Kim, DH Im, SC Jung, HJ Kim, JS Lee and SS Kim. 2009. Load Characteristics of Tractor PTO Power and Field Operation.Proceedings of the KSAM 2009 summer conference 14 (2): 61-66. (In Korean)) is very similar to the research results measured using measuring equipment at different times under the same tractor, plow, and packing conditions of the present invention. It can be seen that the tractor output can be measured without using it.

12 shows a comparison of the tractor fuel consumption and the performance performance output to the economic operation guide system during the plow operation. The tractor fuel consumption is lower as the gear stage is higher, and the work performance is improved as the gear stage and the engine speed are higher. This result means that the fuel consumption and work performance can be improved when farm work is carried out by increasing the working speed and lowering the engine speed. If the driver changes the plowing operation with four gears and 2300 rpm to seven gears and 1800 rpm, the fuel consumption can be reduced by 69%, and the work performance can be increased from 2.5 to 1.7 h / ha.

Figure 13 shows the tractor output by the gear stage output to the economic driving guidance system during the rotary operation. The tractor output tends to increase significantly in proportion to the engine speed, but it does not show a constant trend depending on the gear stage. The tractor output was slightly higher than that of the plow during rotary work, a trend similar to that of Park et al. (2009).

14 is a graph comparing the tractor fuel consumption and the work performance output to the economic driving guidance system during the rotary operation. The tractor fuel consumption is lower as the gear stage is higher, the work performance is improved as the gear stage and the engine speed is higher. This result means that as with the plow work, it is necessary to increase the working speed and lower the engine speed so that the farm work can be carried out to increase the fuel consumption and work performance. If a driver who rotates at 3 gears and 2200 rpm rotates to 6 gears and 1700 rpm, he can reduce fuel consumption by 53 percent and increase work performance from 3.5 to 2.1 h / ha.

As described above, the economical operation guidance system for a tractor according to an embodiment of the present invention receives the information on the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor using the potentiometer 120 to calculate the throttle engine speed (R ₂ ) In addition, the driver may be informed of the optimal driving conditions by using the same. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the fuel cost of the tractor, increase the durability of the tractor with a correct driving habit, and also reduce the greenhouse gas.

Embodiments of the present invention described above and illustrated in the drawings should not be construed as limiting the technical idea of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is limited only by the matters described in the claims, and those skilled in the art can change and change the technical idea of the present invention in various forms. Accordingly, these modifications and variations are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as long as it is obvious to those skilled in the art.

100: Economic operation guidance system for tractor 110: Speedometer
120: potentiometer 130: GPS sensor
140: input device 150: monitor
160: speaker 170: controller
180: memory

Claims (7)

delete delete A speedometer for detecting the speed of the tractor;
A potentiometer for detecting the opening angle of the throttle valve of the tractor;
GPS sensor for detecting the working speed of the tractor;
An input device for inputting information;
A monitor for displaying information; And
From the speedometer, the potentiometer, the GPS sensor and the input device, data about the engine speed R of the tractor, the throttle output value of the tractor X ₁ , the working speed V of the tractor and the working width W of the tractor The monitor calculates the throttle engine speed (R ₂ ), the estimated output of the tractor (P ₃ ), the fuel consumption (Q), the work performance (C), and the estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ). Control device provided to the driver through;
The potentiometer is coupled to the axis of rotation of the throttle valve of the tractor,
The tractor predicted output (P ₃ ) is an economic driving guidance system for a tractor, characterized in that calculated from the following equation.

(P ₁ : PTO power at full load curve (kW), X: Ratio of actual engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

(P: PTO power at part load curve (kW), Y: Ratio of throttle engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal))

Where R ₁ = (1.1884Y-0.2887) × Rmax, Rmax: The maximum engine speed (rpm) of the tractor, function SIGN (Number) is defined as 1 if Number is positive, 0 if 0, and -1 if negative do) The method of claim 3, wherein
The fuel consumption amount (Q), the work performance (C) and the estimated fuel consumption per unit area (Q ₁ ) is the economic driving guidance system for a tractor, characterized in that calculated from the following equation.

(Where a = 0.156, b = 0.087, c = -0.0054, d = -0.0006, X: Ratio of PTO power to rated PTO power (decimal)), Red = (R / Rmax) × 100 (%) (R: Current engine speed of the tractor (rpm), Rmax: Maximum engine speed of the tractor (rpm), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

(Where V is the working speed (km / h), W is the working width (m)),

delete (a) receiving a working width W;
(b) receiving a throttle output value X ₁ ;
(c) receiving an actual engine speed (R);
(d) receiving a working speed V;
(e) calculating a throttle engine speed R ₂ from the throttle output value X ₁ ;
(f) calculating the expected output P ₃ from the full load output P ₁ and the partial load output P of the tractor;
(g) calculating fuel consumption Q;
(h) calculating the work performance C;
(i) calculating an estimated fuel consumption Q ₁ ; And
(j) The actual engine speed (R), the expected output (P ₃ ), the fuel consumption (Q), the working speed (V), the working performance (C) and the estimated fuel consumption (Q ₁ ) Displaying on a monitor;
The tractor predicted output (P ₃ ) is an economic driving guide method for a tractor, characterized in that calculated from the following equation.

(P ₁ : PTO power at full load curve (kW), X: Ratio of actual engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal), Prat: Rated PTO power (kW))

(P: PTO power at part load curve (kW), Y: Ratio of throttle engine speed to maximum engine speed (decimal))

Where R ₁ = (1.1884Y-0.2887) × Rmax, Rmax: The maximum engine speed (rpm) of the tractor, function SIGN (Number) is defined as 1 if Number is positive, 0 if 0, and -1 if negative do) The method according to claim 6,
The fuel consumption amount (Q), the work performance (C) and the expected fuel consumption amount (Q ₁ ) is calculated from the following equations.

(Where a = 0.156, b = 0.087, c = -0.0054, d = -0.0006, X: Ratio of PTO power to rated PTO power (decimal)), Red = (R / Rmax) × 100 (%) (R: current engine speed (rpm) of the tractor, Rmax: maximum engine speed (rpm) of the tractor, Prat: rated power (kW))),

(Where V is the working speed (km / h), W is the working width (m)),

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