KR101190604B1 - Apparatus for treating harmful gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating noxious gas, and the apparatus for treating noxious gas according to the present invention includes an ion generator made of metal fiber or carbon fiber, each of which is applied with a high voltage in a space divided into a plurality of partitions, by means of the partitions. A fiber discharge unit ionizing harmful gas introduced into each space to be partitioned without interference from neighboring spaces; A pulse discharge unit which decomposes and removes harmful substances contained in the ionized harmful gas through pulse discharge using ionized harmful gas and applied high voltage nano (nano) pulses; A washing unit injecting washing water into the pulse discharge unit; A nozzle unit installed between the fiber discharge unit and the pulse discharge unit and spraying an additive which promotes a decomposition reaction when the hazardous substances contained in the ionized harmful gas are decomposed in the pulse discharge unit, the ionized harmful gas and the And an injection unit having a mixing plate installed between the nozzle unit and the pulse discharge unit so that the additive is mixed.
Thereby, the harmful gas processing apparatus which can improve the harmful gas processing efficiency and durability by cleaning a ground part and a discharge part is provided.

Description

Hazardous Gas Treatment System {APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARMFUL GAS}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating noxious gas, and more specifically, to discharging a noxious gas containing nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and the like after discharge treatment, and spraying a cleaning solution to the ground and the discharge unit. The present invention relates to a harmful gas treatment apparatus capable of improving a harmful gas treatment efficiency.

In general, in a facility for treating harmful gases including nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides, which are harmful air pollutants emitted from large-scale incinerators and combustion facilities, nitrogen oxides are treated by Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) and sulfuric acid. Cargo is widely commercialized by treating the particulate matter with an electrostatic precipitator and then treating it with Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD).

However, the selective catalytic reduction method and the flue gas desulfurization method described above have an initial investment cost and an operating cost to be increased as the pollutants contained in the noxious gas are sequentially processed through two processes of denitrification and desulfurization in which a large amount of noxious gas has completely different characteristics. In addition, an optimal process combination of denitrification and desulfurization processes has been required.

Therefore, what is proposed as a method for improving such a problem is a method of simultaneously removing and removing nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides contained in harmful gases using pulse corona electric discharge.

Here, pulse corona electric discharge is a technique for decomposing nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides by radicals generated by electric discharge. The desulfurization and denitrification system using pulse electric discharge has a higher reaction rate than conventional wet desulfurization and denitrification processes. Fast and simple process could reduce installation cost by about 40% compared to existing process.

In addition, the passage area air gap of the plasma electric discharge reaction unit is very large and simple process compared to the existing equipment, the pressure loss is very low, and there is an advantage that there is no clogging caused by sludge even during long-term operation, has a high processing efficiency, In addition, there is an advantage that the gas pollutant can be removed within a few seconds of residence time in the reactor.

However, in order to develop pulse electric discharge desulfurization and denitrification process technology, technology for removing harmful substances and decomposition mechanism of harmful gases, including stable plasma discharge formation and maintaining high gas reaction efficiency in a reactor, must be considered. do.

Here, there is a problem in maintaining the high efficiency of the gas reaction by introducing harmful gas directly into the pulse electric discharge reaction unit without a pretreatment process.

In addition, in general, the discharge electrode and the ground electrode is composed of a material that is easily corroded due to the harmful gas introduced there is a problem that the durability is weakened due to corrosion.

On the other hand, ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) and ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) generated by chemical reactions during harmful gas treatment adhere to the discharge electrode or the ground electrode to impair the treatment efficiency of the harmful gas. There was a problem.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve such a conventional problem, and to provide a harmful gas treatment device that can improve the treatment efficiency by pulse discharge after the ionization process of harmful gas, and cleaning the discharge portion and the ground portion. Is in.

The object of the present invention is to provide an ion generator of a metal fiber or carbon fiber material in which a high voltage is applied in a space divided into a plurality of spaces by a partition wall, so that harmful gases introduced into each space partitioned by the partition wall are neighbored. A fiber discharge unit ionizing without interference from a space to be made; A pulse discharge unit which decomposes and removes harmful substances contained in the ionized harmful gas through pulse discharge using ionized harmful gas and applied high voltage nano (nano) pulses; A washing unit injecting washing water into the pulse discharge unit; A nozzle unit installed between the fiber discharge unit and the pulse discharge unit and spraying an additive which promotes a decomposition reaction when the hazardous substances contained in the ionized harmful gas are decomposed in the pulse discharge unit, the ionized harmful gas and the It is achieved by the noxious gas treatment device comprising a; injection portion having a mixing plate provided between the nozzle portion and the pulse discharge unit so that the additive is mixed.

The pulse discharge unit may include a pulse generator for generating high voltage nano pulses, a ground portion having an end grounded, and a discharge portion spaced apart from the ground portion and connected to the pulse generator to receive high voltage nano pulses.

The ground part may be provided as a pair of flat plates spaced apart from each other, and the discharge part may be a wire provided between the pair of ground parts.

In addition, the washing unit may include a washing water nozzle for spraying the washing water to the ground and the discharge unit, a washing water tank for storing and storing the washing water, and a pump for circulating the washing water stored in the washing water tank. have.

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In addition, the additive is ammonia (NH ₃ ), carbon monoxide (CO), urea (Urea), water vapor (H ₂ O) and methane (CH ₄ ), ethylene (C ₂ H ₄ ), propylene (C ₃ H ₆ ), It may be selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons including butane (C ₄ H ₁₀ ).

The apparatus may further include an electrostatic precipitator installed at the rear end of the pulse discharge unit to collect the ammonium salt generated in the pulse discharge unit.

According to the present invention, there is provided a noxious gas treatment apparatus for improving the noxious gas treatment efficiency through pulse discharge by separately performing the ionization process of noxious gas.

In addition, by cleaning the ground portion and the discharge portion, corrosion can be prevented and durability can be improved.

In addition, by removing the ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate adhering to the ground portion and the discharge portion by spraying the washing water, it is possible to eliminate a factor that impairs the treatment efficiency due to pulse discharge.

In addition, it is possible to promote the decomposition reaction of harmful gases by mixing additives.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a harmful gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the fiber discharge of the harmful gas processing device of Figure 1,
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the injection portion of the harmful gas processing device of FIG.
4 is an enlarged view of the pulse discharge unit, the cleaning unit, and the electrostatic precipitator of FIG. 1.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail for the noxious gas treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a conceptual diagram of a noxious gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the harmful gas treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, the fiber discharge unit 110 and the injection unit 120, the pulse discharge unit 130, the cleaning unit 140 and the electrostatic precipitator And 150.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a fiber discharge part of the harmful gas treating apparatus of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 2, the fiber discharge unit 110 includes a first chamber 111, a partition 112, an ion generator 113, and a high voltage applying unit 115.

The partition wall 112 partitions a plurality of internal spaces of the first chamber 111 and is installed to be grounded through a predetermined grounding means.

The ion generator 113 is a means for ionizing harmful gas in a gaseous state including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) introduced into the first chamber 111 under a high pressure. It is provided in a plurality of spaces partitioned by 112, and the bundle of fibers 114 is provided at the end of each ion generator 113. At this time, the fiber 114 may be composed of a fine metal fiber or carbon fiber having a diameter of several ㎛ to several tens of ㎛.

In this case, since the ion generator 113 is disposed in each space partitioned by the partition wall 112, mutual interference does not occur, and furthermore, no harmful gas introduced into the first chamber 111 does not drift and maintains a uniform flow. By increasing the ionization residence time.

The high voltage applying means 115 is provided outside the first chamber 111 and is connected to apply a high voltage to the ion generator 113.

3 is an enlarged view of an injection unit of the harmful gas treating apparatus of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 3, the injection unit 120 is disposed between the fiber discharge unit 110 and the pulse discharge unit 130, which will be described later, and the second chamber 121, the nozzle unit 122, and the mixing unit 123. ).

The nozzle unit 122 is for injecting an additive, is disposed in the second chamber 122, the additive serves to promote the decomposition reaction of harmful gases in the pulse discharge unit 130 to be described later or reducing agent It acts as ammonia (NH ₃ ), carbon monoxide (CO), urea (Urea: CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ ), water vapor (H ₂ O), methane (CH ₄ ), ethylene (C ₂ H ₄ ), propylene At least one may be selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons including (C ₃ H ₆ ) and butane (C ₄ H ₁₀ ).

Ammonia-based and hydrocarbon-based components such as ammonia (NH ₃ ) and urea (Urea: CO (NH ₂ ) ₂ ) and water vapor (H ₂ 0) may be selected and injected individually one by one. In order to promote the decomposition reaction or to improve the efficiency of reducing the radical at least two or more may be selected and injected. In this embodiment, ammonia gas (NH ₃ ) and HC gas are selected and injected.

In addition, the mixing unit 123 is located in the injection direction of the nozzle unit 122, the ionized harmful gas delivered from the fiber discharge unit 110 and the additive injected from the nozzle unit 122 is arranged to be mixed, A plurality of mixing plates 124 are installed inside the second chamber 121 to secure a flow path through which ionized harmful gas and additives can be well mixed.

4 is an enlarged view of the pulse discharge unit, the cleaning unit, and the electrostatic precipitator of FIG. 1.

Referring to FIG. 4, a mixed gas of ionized noxious gas and additives is introduced into the pulse discharge unit 130 through an injection unit, and the third chamber 131, the pulse generator 132, and the ground unit 133 are provided. And a discharge unit 134.

In addition, the pulse generator 132 is a means for generating a high-pressure nano-pulse, is installed outside the third chamber 131 and connected to the discharge unit 134 generated high-pressure nanopulse to the discharge unit 134 Is authorized.

The pulse generator 132 in this embodiment has a pulse rise time of 50 ns to 500 ns, a pulse length of 100 to 1000 ns (FWHM: Full Width at Half Maximum) and a pulse period of 200 Hz to 2000 Hz, and a maximum pulse applied voltage. It is desirable to have a specification that is adjusted to 100 kV.

The ground portion 133 is a pair of carbon steel ground plate is spaced apart a predetermined interval, are arranged parallel to each other, each ground plate is grounded at the end.

The discharge part 134 is provided in the spaced apart ground plate, a plurality of long wire of carbon fiber material is attached to the end of the coupling bar 135 is installed in parallel with the ground part 133.

The coupling bar 135 is connected to the pulse generator 132, and the high pressure nano pulses generated from the pulse generator 132 are applied to the discharge unit 134 through the coupling bar 135.

The washing unit 140 is a member for spraying the washing water to the grounding unit 133 and the discharge unit 134, the washing water nozzle 141, the washing water tank 142, the pump 143 and the filter 144 It includes.

The washing water nozzle 141 is provided in the upper portion of the third chamber 131 so that the washing water can be uniformly sprayed toward the ground portion 133 and the discharge portion 134 below.

The washing water tank 142 is provided outside the third chamber 131 as a member for storing and storing the washing water to spray the washing water.

The pump 143 circulates the washing water nozzle 141 and the washing water tank 143 as a member for circulating the washing water stored in the washing water tank 142 using power.

The filter 144 is used to filter out impurities so that the washing water that is injected and accumulated in the third chamber 131 to the washing water tank 142 may be disposed on the lower side of the third chamber 131 and the washing water tank 142. Is installed between the connecting pipes.

The electrostatic precipitator 150 is installed at the rear end of the pulse discharge unit 130, and is connected to a predetermined high voltage pulse applying member to collect ammonium salts such as ammonium sulfate and the like generated in the pulse discharge unit when the high voltage pulse is applied.

The operation of the embodiment of the above-described noxious gas treatment device 100 will now be described.

The fiber discharge unit 110 coupled as described above is provided at the end of the ion generator 113 when the high voltage applying unit 115 applies a high voltage of several kV to several tens of kV, which is a DC voltage, to the ion generator 113. The fiber 114 ionizes the surrounding gas, or gases of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) are directly ionized by receiving energy from the fiber 114.

That is, the harmful gas including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) by the ion generator 113 is injected from the respective compartments of the interior of the fiber discharge unit 110 through a diffusion movement 120. Is forwarded to).

When the ionized harmful gas flows into the injection unit 120, pulses described later after mixing with additives such as ammonia gas (NH ₃ ) and HC gas that are injected while passing through the flow paths formed by the plurality of mixing plates 124. Move to the discharge unit 130, and promotes the decomposition reaction of the harmful gas ionized in the pulse discharge unit 130.

When the high pressure nanopulse is applied to the pulse discharge unit 130, the ionized noxious gas becomes a plasma state through the nanopulse discharge, and oxidative radicals such as O, OH, N, ozone (O ₃ ), and HO ₂ are generated. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx) contained in the ionized harmful gas is reacted as in Chemical Formulas 1 to 5.

[Formula 1]

SO ₂ + O ₂ → SO ₃

[Formula 2]

SO ₃ + H ₂ O → H ₂ SO ₄

(3)

NO ₂ + SO ₂ → H ₂ SO ₄ + NO

[Formula 4]

2NO + O ₂ → 2NO ₂

[Chemical Formula 5]

2NO ₂ + 2OH → 2HNO ₃

At this time, the hydrocarbon added in the injection unit 120 as an additive reacts with O, OH, N, ozone (O ₃ ), HO ₂ and the like, alkyl, alkoxy, acyl, aldehyde The radicals thus produced react directly with sulfur oxides (SOx) or nitrogen oxides (NOx), or with oxygen, one of the main constituents of the noxious gas, to produce oxidative radicals H ₂ O and the like.

Therefore, the removal efficiency of sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) of the harmful gas by the radicals generated by the hydrocarbon additive can be improved.

In addition, in the case of ammonia gas (NH ₃ ) added as an additive, the reaction is carried out as in Chemical Formulas 6 to 8 below.

[Formula 6]

H ₂ SO ₄ + 2 NH ₃ → (NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ (s)

[Formula 7]

NO + NO ₂ + NH ₃ → 2N ₂ + 3H ₂ O

[Formula 8]

2NO + 2NH ₃ → N ₂ + H ₂ 0 + NH ₄ NO ₃ (s)

In this way, the sulfur oxides are converted to ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ), and the nitrogen oxides are converted to water vapor, nitrogen, and ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ). And NOx are decomposed and removed.

Therefore, according to the above chemical formula, ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) and ammonium nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) are produced by chemical reaction.

However, some ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate produced by the chemical reaction are adhered to the ground portion 133 and the discharge portion 134, and this phenomenon will hinder the treatment efficiency of harmful gases. At this time, the washing water nozzle 141 uniformly sprays the washing water pulled up from the washing water tank 143 using the pump 142 to the lower ground portion 133 and the discharge portion 134 by the grounding portion 133. And ammonium salt adhering to the discharge unit 134 is removed.

In addition, when the spray of the washing water is used, the ground portion 133 and the discharge portion 134 may be cleaned to prevent the phenomenon of being corroded by harmful gas and to enhance durability.

After being sprayed, the washing water collects under the third chamber 131 together with the impurities after washing such as ammonium salt, and the washing water is stored in the washing water tank 143 after filtering the impurities through the filter 144. Are recycled.

Most ammonium salts, such as ammonium sulfate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) and ammonium nitrate ((NH ₄ ) ₂ SO ₄ ) generated in the above-described process, are collected and processed by the electrostatic precipitator 140.

The scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but may be embodied in various forms of embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. Without departing from the gist of the invention claimed in the claims, it is intended that any person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains falls within the scope of the claims described in the present invention to various extents which can be modified.

100: harmful gas processing apparatus according to the embodiment 132: pulse generator
110: fiber discharge portion 133: ground portion
113 ion generator 134 discharge part
120: injection unit 140: cleaning unit
130: pulse discharge unit 150: electrostatic precipitator

Claims (7)

Fibers for ionizing harmful gases introduced into each space partitioned by the partition walls without interference from neighboring spaces, each having ion generators made of metal fiber or carbon fiber applied with high voltage in the space partitioned by the partition walls. Discharge part;
A pulse discharge unit which decomposes and removes harmful substances contained in the ionized harmful gas through pulse discharge using ionized harmful gas and applied high voltage nano (nano) pulses;
A washing unit injecting washing water into the pulse discharge unit;
A nozzle unit installed between the fiber discharge unit and the pulse discharge unit and spraying an additive which promotes a decomposition reaction when the hazardous substances contained in the ionized harmful gas are decomposed in the pulse discharge unit, the ionized harmful gas and the And an injection unit having a mixing plate installed between the nozzle unit and the pulse discharge unit so that an additive is mixed. The method of claim 1,
The pulse discharge unit includes a pulse generator for generating high voltage nano pulses, a ground portion having an end grounded and a ground portion spaced apart from the ground portion, and connected to the pulse generator and including a discharge unit for receiving high voltage nano pulses. Processing unit. The method of claim 2,
The ground portion is provided with a pair of flat plates spaced apart from each other,
The discharge unit is a harmful gas treatment device, characterized in that the wire is provided between the pair of grounding. The method of claim 2,
The washing unit recycles a washing water nozzle for spraying the washing water to the ground and the discharge unit, a washing water tank for storing and storing the washing water, a pump for circulating the washing water stored in the washing water tank, and washing water. Hazardous gas treatment device comprising a filter for filtering impurities contained in the washing water after cleaning to. The method of claim 4, wherein
The additive is ammonia (NH ₃ ), carbon monoxide (CO), urea (Urea), water vapor (H ₂ O) and methane (CH ₄ ), ethylene (C ₂ H ₄ ), propylene (C ₃ H ₆ ), butane ( C ₄ H ₁₀ ) harmful gas treatment device, characterized in that selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydrocarbons. The method of claim 1,
And an electrostatic precipitator installed at the rear end of the pulse discharge unit to collect the ammonium salt generated in the pulse discharge unit. delete

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