KR101177355B1 - Frozen-particle producing apparatus using anodized layer - Google Patents

Abstract

A cooling particle forming apparatus is disclosed that includes a beverage storage container including a cooling surface cooled by a refrigerant and a separator configured to scrape beverage particles frozen on the cooling surface. The cooling surface includes an anodization film.

Description

Cooling particle forming device using anodization film {FROZEN-PARTICLE PRODUCING APPARATUS USING ANODIZED LAYER}

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a liquid cooling particle forming apparatus, and more particularly, to a cooling particle forming apparatus that prevents unnecessary metal particles or synthetic resin particles from occurring as a by-product.

To provide a cool drink, ice may be added to the drink regardless of the type of drink. However, the beverage may cool in the process of melting the ice, but may decrease the taste of the beverage as the concentration of the beverage decreases. To prevent a drop in the taste of the beverage, the temperature of the beverage itself can be lowered without adding ice to the beverage. At this time, it is possible to include the freezing particles in the beverage by freezing only a portion of the beverage in order to keep the beverage cool and at the same time to keep the cool longer. In order to ingest frozen particles without delay, the frozen particles should have a small size. According to the conventional method, a refrigerant is used to contact the cooled cooling surface, and then scrape the frozen beverage from the cooling surface to produce ice particles of a size that can be ingested with the beverage. At this time, the components of the cooling surface layer may come off together in the process of scraping the frozen beverage from the cooling surface. That is, when the cooling surface is formed of synthetic resin or metal, fine synthetic resin particles or metal particles together with freezing particles of the beverage are generated as a by-product, which may adversely affect the health of the taster.

The problem to be solved in the present invention is to reduce the amount of impurities generated as by-products in the process of cooling the liquid to form the cooling particles. However, the problem to be solved in the present invention is not limited thereto.

Cooling particle forming apparatus for solving the problem of the present invention, the beverage storage container including a cooling surface cooled by a refrigerant, and a separator for scraping the beverage particles frozen on the cooling surface, the cooling surface is An anodization film is included.

The beverage storage container is a cooling cylinder, the cooling surface may be formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the cooling cylinder.

The cooling particle forming apparatus may further include a drive motor. The separating device includes a scraper shaft disposed at the central axis of the beverage storage container and a scraper coupled to the scraper shaft, and the drive motor is connected to the cooling cylinder or the scraper shaft to connect the cooling cylinder and the scraper shaft relative thereto. It may be adapted to rotate.

The scraper above may extend to a point 30 μm to 100 μm away from the cooling surface. The cooling particle forming apparatus may further include a control device capable of changing the speed of the driving motor.

The above cooling cylinder is formed by combining the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the cooling cylinder is formed with the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet, the space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder for the refrigerant is formed, the refrigerant inlet The condenser and the compressor may be sequentially connected between the refrigerant outlet and the refrigerant outlet.

The above apparatus for forming a cooling particle includes a thaw, a control unit, an inlet pipe for delivering a first flow in the cooling cylinder from the above cooling cylinder to the thaw, and a second flow in the thaw from the thaw to the cooling cylinder. It may further include an outlet pipe for.

The operation of the above cooling cylinder and the thaw can be feedback controlled by the control unit.

The cooling particle forming apparatus may further include a nozzle, a reservoir connected to one side of the cooling cylinder, and a pump connected to the other side of the cooling cylinder to guide the first flow to the nozzle.

The beverage storage container includes a cooling cylinder, the cooling surface may be formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the cooling cylinder.

The above anodization film is formed by a process comprising the step of applying a pulse wave between the anode and the cathode, the anodization film is formed on the surface of the aluminum or aluminum alloy, the diameter of the cell in the anodization film is 30nm to 120 Nm.

The thickness of the anodization film is 200㎛ or more and there may be no interface inside.

The pulse wave may include one or more of a first rectified modulated DC pulse wave, a second rectified modulated DC pulse wave, and a modulated AC pulse wave. The pulsed wave may have a peak voltage at the start of each pulse. Each pulse of the pulse wave is convex upward, and the voltage magnitude of the pulse wave above may decrease from the peak voltage over time. A negative voltage may be applied between the anode and the cathode during the interval between the end of one of the pulse waves and the start of the next pulse. The first rectified modulated DC pulse wave and the second rectified modulated DC pulse wave may have different phases. The maximum voltage or average voltage of each pulse of the pulse wave may change with time. The trajectory of the maximum or average voltage of each pulse of the pulse wave may follow a sinusoidal waveform.

The above trajectory comprises: increasing the voltage of the above pulsed wave from an initial value to a predetermined first value, maintaining the voltage for a predetermined first time at the first value, and maintaining the voltage from the first value. And increasing the voltage to a second value greater than one value, and maintaining the voltage for a second predetermined time at the second value.

At least one of the length of the section having the negative voltage value of the pulse wave and the length of the section having the positive voltage value may change with time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amount of impurities generated as a by-product in the process of cooling the liquid to form the cooling particles may be reduced. However, the effects of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Figure 1 shows an example of a cold beverage forming apparatus using an anodization film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of the structure of the cylindrical cooling cylinder of FIG. 1 in more detail.
3 is for explaining the structure of the cooling cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Figure 4 is for explaining the process of forming the cooling particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, it shows a cross-section of BB 'of FIG.
Figure 5 (a) and (b) shows the configuration of a cold beverage forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 illustrates an anodization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows a power supply for anodizing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
8A to 8C illustrate a first stage constant load pulse wave, a first stage constant load variable frequency pulse wave, and a first stage variable load variable frequency pulse wave according to one embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
Figure 9 shows a two-stage constant load pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10A and 10B illustrate a single-stage constant load DC / AC mixed pulse wave and a two-stage constant load DC / AC mixed pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
11A and 11B illustrate a 1-stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave and a 2-stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave according to an embodiment of the present invention, respectively.
12 shows a DC / AC mixed pulse wave in which the maximum voltage in the pulse shows a sine wave shape according to the pulse propagation time.
Figure 13 is a photograph of the cross section of the anodization film formed by the anodization method according to an embodiment of the present invention with an electron microscope.
14 is a photograph observing the structure of the anodization film formed by the anodization method according to an embodiment of the present invention with an electron microscope.
15 shows an example of the results of the far infrared radiation test.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

This document is provided with reference numerals for providing embodiments of the present invention. The reference numerals are shown in the accompanying drawings of the present invention, the detailed description of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like elements in each drawing have like reference numerals. In the description of the invention reference numerals are indicated in parentheses.

1 shows an example of a cold beverage forming apparatus using an anodization film according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The cooling particle forming apparatus 1 may include a refrigerant forming unit 110, a cold beverage forming unit 120, and a case 101 surrounding them.

The refrigerant forming unit 110 may include a condenser 50, a compressor 40, a cooling fan 61 configured to cool the condenser 50, and a drive motor 31 configured to drive a scraper to be described later. Can be. The drive motor 31 may be a rotating motor.

Cold beverage forming unit 120 is a beverage storage container 70 that can store a beverage, the beverage inlet 62 is to be able to put the beverage in the beverage storage container 70, is to freeze a portion of the beverage Cylindrical cooling cylinder 10, fixing parts 32 and 66, which fix the cooling cylinder 10 to the case 101, and a scraper configured to scrape the cooled beverage on the surface of the cooling cylinder 10 ( 20), the scraper shaft 30 which is to rotate the scraper 20 with respect to the cooling cylinder 10, the nozzle 63 which can extract a cold beverage, and the nozzle 63 are opened and closed. It may be configured to include a handle (64). The controller 65 may further include a controller 65 configured to control the rotational speed of the scraper 20. The scraper 20 and the scraper shaft 30 are an example of a separation device for separating a solid beverage or the like, which is cooled and attached to the cooling cylinder 10, from the cooling cylinder 10.

The beverage may be introduced into the beverage storage container 70 through the beverage inlet 62 from the reservoir not shown. Beverage storage container 70 in this document may include a cooling cylinder (10). Alternatively, the beverage storage container 70 may be defined as an area not including the cooling cylinder 10.

The surface of the cooling cylinder 10 may be made of aluminum coated with an anodization film formed by an embodiment of the present invention. The surface of the cooling cylinder 10 may function as a cooling surface for cooling the liquid around it.

 The refrigerant may be introduced into the refrigerant passage (not shown in FIG. 1) formed in the cooling cylinder 10 from the condenser 50. The refrigerant introduced into the cooling cylinder 10 changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state and absorbs heat from the beverage near the cooling cylinder 10 to cool the beverage located on the surface of the cooling cylinder 10. The beverage may stick to the surface of the cooling cylinder 10. The refrigerant may flow out to the compressor 40 through the cooling cylinder 10.

The compressor 40 may convert the low pressure gas inferred from the cooling cylinder 10 into a high pressure gas and deliver the same to the condenser 50.

Since the gas refrigerant delivered from the compressor 40 cools down while passing through the condenser 50, heat is dissipated to the outside while the gaseous refrigerant is changed into a liquid state. Heat dissipated may be discharged to the outside through the cooling fan 61. The high temperature and high pressure gas refrigerant introduced from the compressor 40 is cooled while passing through the inside of the condenser 50, and is converted into a low temperature and high pressure liquid at the outlet of the condenser 50.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of one embodiment of the cylindrical cooling cylinder 10 of FIG. 1 in more detail.

The cooling cylinder 10 may include an outer cylinder 10 and 11, an inner cylinder 10 and 12, and a refrigerant passage 10 and 13 formed therebetween. Therefore, the interior of the cooling cylinder 10 may be empty, the scraper shaft 30, etc. can be penetrated as shown, the beverage can be stored in the inner cylinder (10, 12). The cooling cylinder 10 may be fixed by the fixing part 32, and the scraper shaft 30 may be rotated by the driving motor 31. The interior of the cooling cylinder 10 and the beverage storage container 70 may be connected to each other so that the beverage can move.

The refrigerant passages 10 and 13 may be connected to the condenser 50 and the compressor 40 through the refrigerant inlet 18 and the refrigerant outlet 19. When the refrigerant is evaporated in the refrigerant passages 10 and 13, the surfaces of the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and the inner cylinders 10 and 12 may be cooled while the refrigerant absorbs surrounding heat. Although not shown, an expansion valve may be further formed between the cooling cylinder 10 and the condenser 50.

The scraper 20 is fixed to the scraper shaft 30 and may comprise a first scraper 20, 21 and / or a second scraper 20, 22. The first scraper 21 is fixed at one end of the scraper shaft 30 so as to scrape the beverage condensed on the outer surfaces of the outer cylinders 10 and 11. The second scraper 22 is fixed to the scraper shaft 30 so as to scrape the beverage that condenses on the inner surfaces of the inner cylinders 10 and 12.

The scraper 20 may be formed spirally. At this time, when the cooling cylinder 10 is fixed and the scraper 20 is rotated by the scraper shaft 30, the scraper 20 of the outer cylinder (10, 11) and / or the inner cylinder (10, 12) Beverages condensed on the surface may be scraped off in one direction. As a result, cooling particles may be formed.

3 is a view for explaining the structure of the cooling cylinder 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention in detail.

3A is a perspective view of the cooling cylinder 10 including the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and the inner cylinders 10 and 12.

FIG. 3B is a development view in which lines taken along line A-A 'are cut out and expanded in FIG. 3A. Boundary portions of the refrigerant passages 10 and 13 formed between the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and the inner cylinders 10 and 12 are indicated by dotted lines. The refrigerant may flow from the condenser 50 and flow out to the compressor 40 through the refrigerant passages 10 and 13. Specific structures of the coolant passages 10 and 13 may be designed to be optimized by fluid analysis, and since the concept of FIG. 3 (b) is briefly described, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated structure.

FIG. 3C is a view of FIG. 3B viewed from the side.

As described above, the cooling particles may be formed by the relative rotation of the scraper 20 and the cooling cylinder 10. Accordingly, unlike the description of FIG. 2, the scraper shaft 30 may be configured to be fixed to the fixing part 32, and the cooling cylinder 10 may be configured to be rotated by the driving motor 31. In this case, the configuration of connecting the refrigerant passages 10 and 13 to the condenser 50 and the compressor 40 may be complicated.

Figure 4 is a view for explaining the process of forming the cooling particles according to an embodiment of the present invention, is a cross-sectional view of BB 'of FIG.

The coolant flowing along the coolant passages 10 and 13 may freeze beverages on the outer surfaces of the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and the inner surfaces of the inner cylinders 10 and 12. The scrapers 21 and 22 rotate in the R direction by the scraper shaft 30 to scrape the cooled beverage stuck to the surface, thereby forming the cooling particles.

The size of the cooling particles may vary depending on the rotational speed of the scraper (21, 22). In the place where the scrapers 21 and 22 scratched, the cooling layer of the beverage grows anew. The longer the cycle of the period until the scrapers 21 and 22 return to this position, the thicker the newly grown cooling layer becomes. do. Therefore, the size of the cooling particles scraped off by the scrapers 21 and 22 may be larger.

In addition, the size of the cooling particles varies depending on the distance between the end of the scraper 21 and the outer wall of the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and the distance between the end of the scraper 22 and the inner wall of the inner cylinders 10 and 12. Can be formed. That is basically, the newly grown new growth layer is scraped out during one cycle in which the scrapers 21 and 22 rotate, but the old cooling layer already formed at the base of the new growth layer is It may come off together. Therefore, the farther the distance between the scraper 20 and the cooling surface, the smaller the average size of the cooling particles can be.

Figure 5 (a) and (b) shows the configuration of a cold beverage forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 5, the flow indicated by 'C' indicates the direction of the beverage, and the flow indicated by 'D' indicates the circulation of the refrigerant.

The configuration according to FIG. 5A is similar to FIG. 1. The beverage may be provided through the nozzle 63 after the liquid is introduced into the cooling cylinder 10 from the beverage storage container 70 and cooled. The refrigerant may flow into the cooling cylinder 10 from the condenser 50 to cool the beverage and then flow out of the compressor 40 and circulate. Although not shown here, the above-described scraper 20 may be coupled to the cooling cylinder 10 to form cooling particles. Cooling particles can be mixed with the beverage to make the beverage cold.

FIG. 5B further includes feedback control in the configuration of FIG. 5A.

In the configuration according to Figure 5 (b), the beverage may be introduced into the cooling cylinder 10 through the inlet pipe from the beverage storage container 70. When there is a demand for a beverage, the pump 90 may pump the cooled beverage from the cooling cylinder 10 and provide it through the nozzle 63. When there is no demand for a beverage, the beverage cooled in the cooling cylinder 10 may be discharged to the thaw 60 through the outlet pipe 16. In the thaw 60, a part of the cooling particles generated in the cooling cylinder 10 may be thawed. Some thawed cooling beverages in the thaw 60 may be circulated through the inlet pipe 17 back to the cooling cylinder 10. By feedback control in this way, it is possible to maintain an appropriate beverage temperature. In this document, the liquid in the beverage storage container 70 may be referred to as a first fluid and the liquid in the thaw 60 may be referred to as a second fluid.

As shown in (b) of FIG. 5, the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling cylinder 10 may be introduced into the compressor 40 through the thaw 60. However, unlike FIG. 5B, the refrigerant flowing out of the cooling cylinder 10 may directly flow into the compressor 40 without passing through the thaw 60.

Meanwhile, the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and / or the inner cylinders 10 and 12 of the cooling cylinder 10 may be formed of a material such as metal, for example, iron or aluminum. Since the heat exchange takes place in the cooling cylinder 10, it is advantageous to use a material having high thermal conductivity.

When scraping the cooled beverage on the surface of the cooling cylinder 10 with the scraper 20, as the cooling particles fall, the surface layer portion of the cooling cylinder 10 may wear out and the metal particles (or the synthetic resin particles) may fall out together. Alternatively, when the scraper 20 is not aligned with respect to the cooling cylinder 10, the scraper 20 may directly scrape the surface layer of the cooling cylinder 10 so that the metal particles may come off together. In addition, when cooling a beverage, such as an acidic beverage, the surface layer of the cooling cylinder 10 may corrode over time, and metal particles may come off more easily.

When the metal particles in the surface portion of the cooling cylinder 10 fall off together and included in the beverage, it may adversely affect the health of the person who consumes the beverage. Therefore, according to an embodiment of the present invention to be described later the outer cylinder (10, 11) or the inner cylinder (10, 12) of the cooling cylinder 10 is composed of aluminum and anodizing film formation method according to an embodiment of the present invention The aluminum surface can be coated by

According to the related art, the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and / or the inner cylinders 10 and 12 may be formed of one tube by welding two 306 SS tubes, that is, the outer SC40 and the inner SC10 to each other. have. However, according to the present invention, the outer cylinders 10 and 11 and / or the inner cylinders 10 and 12 may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and the surface thereof is coated by an anodizing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Can be.

Either one of the two scrapers 21, 22 may be omitted according to the embodiment. If the scraper 21 is omitted, the outer cylinders 10 and 11 may be made of a conventional iron alloy, and only the inner cylinders 10 and 12 may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. In contrast, when only the scraper 22 is omitted, only the outer cylinders 10 and 11 may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

When the cooling cylinder 10 is made of anodized aluminum by the method of forming an anodized oxide according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cooling cylinder 10 may have excellent characteristics in corrosion resistance, hardness, wear resistance, insulation, flexural strength, and the like.

Hereinafter, a method and apparatus for forming an anodization film that can be used in the cooling cylinder 10 of the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

A schematic diagram of an apparatus for forming an anodization film on the surface of an aluminum member according to the invention is shown in FIG. 6. The anodic oxidation device comprises a positive electrode 104 and a negative electrode 106 immersed in the electrolyte 100 and the electrolyte 102 filled with the electrolyte 102, and a power supply 108 for supplying power between the two electrodes. It can be provided.

In this case, the anode may use aluminum or an aluminum alloy (hereinafter referred to as aluminum) in which an anodization film (ie, an aluminum oxide film) is formed.

In addition, the power supply device 108 is a positive electrode by applying a DC / AC mixed pulse wave formed by synthesizing a normal DC voltage or a DC pulse wave or a DC pulse wave and an AC pulse wave as a pulse type DC voltage between the anode and the cathode. An oxide film can be formed. The configuration of one embodiment of a power supply device used for such anodization is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the power supply apparatus according to the present invention may include a rectifier modulator 220, an AC modulator 230, a pulse wave combiner 240, and a controller 250.

The rectifier modulator 220 may rectify an AC voltage input from the AC power source 210 to form a DC pulse wave, and modulate and output a period or amplitude (ie, a voltage value) of the DC pulse wave. In this case, the rectifier modulation unit 220 may be composed of one stop value or may be composed of two or more stop values operated independently of each other. 7 illustrates a case in which the rectifier modulator 220 includes two stop values of the first stop value 222 and the second stop value 224.

The AC modulator 230 may output an AC pulse wave modulated with a period or amplitude of an AC voltage input from an AC power source.

The pulse wave synthesizing unit 240 outputs a DC / DC mixed pulse wave by synthesizing each DC pulse wave that is modulated and output from one or more stops constituting the rectifying modulator 220, or outputs the DC / DC mixed pulse wave. Synthesizing an AC pulse wave output from the 230 to output a DC / AC mixed pulse wave. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when the rectifier modulator 220 includes a first stop 222 and a second stop 224, the first stop 222 and the second stop wit ( Each of the first DC pulse wave and the second DC pulse wave modulated at different periods and amplitudes after rectifying from AC to DC at 224 and the AC pulse wave modulated and output from the AC modulator 230 are pulse wave synthesis units. Input to 240 may be synthesized.

The controller 250 is connected to the rectifier modulator 220 and the AC modulator 230 to control the operation of the rectifier modulator 220 and the AC modulator 230 to control the characteristics of the pulse wave output therefrom. I can regulate it.

In this case, a switch may be further provided between the rectifier modulator 220 and the AC power source 210 or between the AC modulator 230 and the AC power source 210, and the controller 250 may turn on / off the switch. You can perform more control functions. By controlling such a switch, it is possible to control the output of the DC pulse wave and the AC pulse wave to the pulse wave combining unit 240. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, a first switch 260a and a second switch between the first stop 222, the second stop 224, and the AC modulator 230 and the AC power supply 210, respectively. 260b and 3rd switch 260c are arrange | positioned and controlled, and the shape of the pulse output to the pulse wave combining part 240 can be controlled. If only the first switch 260a is on and the remaining switches are off, one DC pulse wave is supplied to both electrodes through the pulse wave combining unit 240. However, if, for example, the first switch 260a and the second switch 260b are in an on state and the third switch 260c is in an off state, the pulse wave combiner 240 ), Two DC pulse waves are inputted and synthesized into DC / DC mixed pulse waves. In addition, when any one or more of the first switch 260a or the second switch 260b and the third switch 260c are turned on, the DC pulse wave and the AC pulse wave are input to the pulse wave combining unit 240, It is synthesized by the alternating mixed pulse wave and output.

Such a switch may be provided between the rectifier modulator 220 and the pulse wave combiner 240 or between the AC modulator 230 and the pulse wave combiner 240, and the action and effect thereof are as described above.

The shape of the synthesized pulse wave depends on the type of the input DC pulse wave or the AC pulse wave, and thus the control unit 250 outputs the DC pulse wave and the AC output from the rectifier modulator 220 and the AC modulator 230, respectively. By adjusting and controlling the shape of the pulse wave, the shape of the desired power supply can be determined by the pulse wave combining unit 240.

8A to 8C, a single stage DC pulse wave that can be output from each of the first and second stop values 222 and 224, the first stage constant load pulse wave, the first stage constant load variable frequency pulse wave, and the first stage variable. Load variable frequency pulse waves are shown respectively.

Such a DC pulse wave can exhibit the characteristics of a pulse wave using a work cycle. As shown in FIG. 8A, the work cycle may be expressed as the ratio of the time Ton at which the voltage for anodization (ie, a positive voltage) is applied and the time Toff at which the voltage for anodization is not applied. do.

Work formula (%) = [Ton / (Ton + Toff)] × 100

The first-stage constant load pulse wave of FIG. 8A is a pulse wave in which a voltage applied for a ton interval has a constant pulse period and is kept constant as one value.

The characteristics of the pulse wave can be changed by changing the ratio of Ton and Toff in the work cycle of the constant load pulse wave.

 The one-stage constant load variable frequency pulse wave illustrated in FIG. 8b is the same as the one-stage constant load pulse wave in that the Ton section is kept constant within one cycle, that is, the unit pulse, but Toff while the pulse wave is in progress. The interval is changed.

The variable-stage variable frequency pulse wave of the 1 st stage is a pulse wave in which the Ton section is changed in the unit pulse or the Ton section and the Toff section are changed as the pulse wave progresses. In FIG. 8c, the Ton and Toff sections are simultaneously changed. Pulse wave in the form is illustrated.

Meanwhile, a DC / DC mixed pulse wave formed by combining DC pulse waves output from the first stop value 222 and the second stop value 224, two-stage constant load pulse wave, two-stage constant load variable frequency pulse Spar and two-stage variable load variable frequency pulse waves can be synthesized.

9 shows a two-stage constant load pulse wave, wherein the two-stage constant load pulse wave has a constant unit cycle, and there are sections in which two different voltage values are maintained in the Ton section within the unit cycle. That is, the Ton section is composed of a section T _H in which a first voltage having a relatively high value is maintained and a section T _L in which a second voltage having a relatively low value is maintained, and T _H in all unit pulses. And T _L are all the same.

 The two-stage constant load pulse wave may be obtained by synthesizing a separate DC pulse wave from the first stop value 222 and the second stop value 224 in the pulse wave combining unit 240, respectively. For example, the first stop 222 outputs a first DC pulse wave having a relatively high output voltage and a relatively short Ton interval, and the second stop 224 has a relatively low output voltage and a Ton interval relatively. By outputting a long second DC pulse wave and synthesizing it in the pulse wave combining unit 240 may be a two-stage constant load pulse wave as shown in FIG.

It is also possible to form a two-stage constant load variable frequency pulse wave or a two-stage variable load variable frequency pulse wave on the same principle as described above. For example, in the case of a two-stage constant load variable frequency, the Ton of the first DC pulse wave and the second DC pulse wave output from the first stop value 222 and the second stop value 224 are kept constant. By uniformly matching the changes in the Toff according to the pulse progress in the two-stage constant load variable frequency pulse can be obtained, if given to the change of Ton can obtain a two-stage variable load variable frequency pulse wave.

In addition, the power supply device of the present embodiment is a DC / AC mixed pulse synthesized with any one or more DC pulse wave of the first stop value 222 or the second stop value 224 of the AC pulse output through the AC modulator 230 The spar can be formed and output. Fig. 10 shows an example of a DC / AC mixed pulse wave that can be output in this embodiment. The DC / AC mixed pulse wave is characterized by having a peak voltage by the AC pulse wave during the Ton period in the unit pulse. At this time, the peak voltage is the highest voltage value in the unit pulse, and the voltage value before or after it shows a relatively low voltage value.

10A is a one-stage DC / AC mixed pulse wave in which a single-stage constant load pulse wave is mixed with an AC pulse wave component whose voltage value changes with time, and a peak voltage is formed in a Ton section of a unit pulse. In this case, the peak voltage is preferably present at the start of the Ton section of the pulse. In this case, the pulse waveform may include a curvature component that is convex upward when falling from the peak voltage with time. In addition, as illustrated in FIG. 10, the DC / AC mixed pulse wave may have a pulse having a negative voltage value between the end point of the Ton section and the start point of the next Ton section (that is, the Toff section of FIG. 10).

10B illustrates a two-stage direct current obtained by synthesizing an AC pulse wave output through the AC modulator 230 to a two-stage constant load pulse wave formed through the synthesis of the first stop value 222 and the second stop value 224. The alternating mixed pulse wave is shown. The formation principle of the two-stage DC / AC mixed pulse wave is also the same as that of the above-described one-stage DC / AC mixed pulse wave.

In addition, a constant load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave and a variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave obtained by synthesizing the AC pulse wave with the constant load variable frequency pulse wave and the variable load variable frequency pulse wave in the same principle as described above. Can be synthesized. 11A and 11B, a single stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave and a two stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave are shown as an example.

The above DC / AC mixed pulse wave corresponds to the case where the maximum voltage or average voltage of each unit pulse (the average value of the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage in one cycle) is kept constant, but as the pulse wave progresses, It is also possible to form a form in which the voltage or the average voltage changes. As an example, in FIG. 12, a two-stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave is shown in which a maximum voltage of a unit pulse changes as a pulse wave progresses. An AC mixed pulse wave is shown.

In addition, in the process of anodizing, the maximum voltage or the average voltage may be changed stepwise according to the pulse wave propagation time. That is, anodization may be performed by continuously increasing the voltage from the initial voltage to the predetermined voltage and maintaining the voltage at a predetermined time when the pulse wave is applied between the anode and the cathode.

 As described above, various DC pulse waves, DC / DC mixed pulse waves, and DC / AC mixed pulse waves are possible, and by using these pulses, anodization film having more various physical properties can be formed. Anodization film formed on the surface of an aluminum member using a DC / AC mixed pulse wave synthesized through the voltage supply device of the present invention has an anode formed by using a conventional DC power supply or DC pulse wave. It is remarkably improved compared with the oxide film. In particular, when anodizing was performed using a DC / AC mixed pulse wave having a peak voltage at the start of the pulse, an anodized film having a thickness of 300 µm and having a very uniform structure could be formed. The oxide film not only exhibits excellent performance not conventionally obtained in mechanical properties such as hardness and wear resistance, but also significantly increases in corrosion resistance.

Below, as an embodiment according to the present invention, the results of various characteristic tests of the anodic oxide film formed by the anodization method using a DC / AC mixed pulse wave is shown.

Example

Anodization was performed using a DC / AC mixed pulse wave synthesized using the power supply shown in FIG. 7, wherein the power supply was compactly configured in a drawer type. The first stop 222 and the second stop 224 of the power supply were built with a 600 kHz field effect transistor (FET) and a capacitor having a capacitance of 1500 uF and a rated voltage of 400V. At this time, each of the first and second stop values 222 and 224 has the same device as one set in consideration of the calorific value. The DC / AC mixed pulse wave used for anodizing is shown in FIG. This is a two-stage variable load variable frequency DC / AC mixed pulse wave. Each unit pulse has a convex curve up after the peak voltage appears at the start point, and the negative voltage value is between the end point of the Ton section and the start point of the next Ton section. This waveform is shown.

At this time, the base voltage (ie, the minimum voltage of the unit pulse) was -0.5V, the peak voltage was up to 40V, and the first and second voltages applied for the actual experiment were 10V and 5V, respectively. In addition, the period of the unit pulse was adjusted in the range from 10msec microwave to 10sec.

The concentration of the sulfuric acid solution for promoting the reaction was in the range of 3 to 10%, and the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution used in this experiment was 5 to 6%. In addition, wood vinegar can be added within the range of 3.0%, 1.0% was added in this experiment. In addition, the temperature of the electrolytic cell during the reaction time was maintained at -2 ℃.

Control of the DC / AC mixed pulse wave was performed as follows. After aluminum was used as an anodized object as an anode, the temperature was gradually increased from 0 V set as an initial voltage between the anode and the cathode to 5 V (first step) and maintained for about 5 minutes (second step). Thereafter, the voltage was increased to 10 V (step 3), and the same voltage was maintained until a thickness of the anodization film was obtained (step 4). As the anodization process is carried out in these four stages, power consumption is lower than that of the conventional anodization process maintained at 15V to 40V, whereas the laminated anodization layer has a very dense structure and has high hardness, high wear resistance, and high corrosion resistance. Could get

According to this embodiment, the anodic oxide film was formed up to a thickness of 20 μm up to 300 μm, and all of the anodic oxide films thus formed were uniform cell structures having a uniform cross-sectional structure from the interface of aluminum and the anodized film to the surface of the anodized film. It was composed. The uniform structure in this thickness range was difficult to implement easily in the conventional anodization method. FIG. 13 shows the results of observing the cross section of the anodized film having a thickness of 220 μm as an example using an electron microscope. 14 shows the results of observing the microstructure of the anodization film. Anodization film according to an embodiment of the present invention exhibited a regular cell structure, wherein the diameter of the cell was in the range of 50nm to 100nm, so that the equipment (diameter / length) is up to 50 / 300,000 to 1/6000 Reached. 14 shows electron micrographs of portions having a diameter of about 50 nm and portions having a diameter of 80 nm. From this, it can be seen that when using the anodizing method of the present invention, an anodized film continuously grown can be obtained while maintaining a compact and uniform cell diameter. The microstructure characteristics of the anodization film according to the present invention are common to all thicknesses of the anodization film grown through the present embodiment. As described above, the anodization film having a uniform microstructure and a thickness of about 300 μm cannot be realized by the conventional anodization method. The anodization film according to the present invention has excellent mechanical and electrical properties due to its excellent microstructure. , Chemical properties.

Table 1 shows the results of Rockwell hardness (HRC, KS B 0806: 2000) and Vickers hardness (Hv) according to the aluminum type and the thickness of the anodization film formed according to the present embodiment. The hardness of SUS 316 stainless steel and titanium, which are used as structural materials in the field, is shown together. As can be seen from Table 1, the Al 6061 aluminum member without anodization showed significantly lower hardness than titanium and SUS 316 stainless steel, but the Rockwell hardness was increased when the anodization film was formed in the range of 20 μm to 60 μm. In the range of 57-59 (in the range of 636-675 for Vickers hardness), the results were excellent. This was a significantly higher value than titanium and SUS 316 stainless. In particular, when the anodization film was grown on an Al 5058 aluminum member, a very good hardness result with a Rockwell hardness of 70 (Vickers hardness 1030) was obtained.

Material and anodization thickness HRC Hv Al 5058-25㎛ Lamination 70 1030 Al 6061-30㎛ Lamination 57 636 Al 6061-40㎛ Lamination 59 675 Al 6061-50㎛ Lamination 58 655 Al 6061-60㎛ Lamination 59 675 Al 6061-0㎛ Lamination 0 90 titanium 32 317 SUS 316 0 155

Table 2 shows the results of a three month salt spray test (KS D 9502: 2007) of the aluminum member on which the anodization film was formed according to the embodiment of the present invention. The test solution used for the test was 5 ± 1% sodium chloride (PH 6.8 ± 0.3), the test temperature was maintained at 35 ± 2 ° C, and the spraying amount was 2 ± 0.5ml / h / 80cm2. As shown in Table 2, it was found that all specimens did not undergo corrosion, such as swelling or rust, on the surface even in a saltwater environment of 3 months. From this, the aluminum member formed with the anodization film according to the present invention had corrosion resistance. It was confirmed that the remarkable improvement.

 Psalter Anodization thickness Test result Psalm 1 46-48㎛ No swelling and rust Psalm 2 93-95㎛ No swelling and rust Psalm 3 155-165㎛ No swelling and rust

Table 3 lists the corrosion resistance data of metals currently used as corrosion resistant materials (Signature: Corrosion resistance tables: metals, plastics, nonmetallics, and rubbers, Author: Schweitzer, Philip A, Publisher: M. Dekker, Publication year: 1985 By indirectly comparing the aluminum member and the seawater corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film according to the present invention according to the present invention, it can be seen that the products to which the present technology is applied have excellent seawater corrosion resistance.

Ti SUS 316 Al 6061 Al (40 μm) Al (70 μm) Al (100 µm) Corrosion resistance
(Seawater, mm / year) 0.05 0.50 0.70 0.00 0.00 0.00

Table 4 shows the wear resistance test results of the aluminum member on which the anodized film according to the present invention is formed. At this time, the abrasion resistance test was performed according to the abrasion strength test method of ASTM D 3884: 1992 of the United States. As can be seen from Table 4, in the case of the aluminum member with anodization film, the wear resistance was significantly superior to that of the aluminum member without the anodic oxide film. It can be seen that the wear resistance is more than doubled.

division 1 mg 2 mg (mg) 3 mg Average Al-0㎛ Coating 132 125 133 130.0 Al-20㎛ Coating 23 19 14 18.7 Al-30㎛ coating 3 4 7 4.7 Al-40㎛ Coating One 3 3 2.3

Table 5 shows the results of the thermal conductivity test of the aluminum member on which the anodization film according to the present invention is formed. At this time, the thermal conductivity test was performed by a laser (Laser Flash) method. The thermal conductivity coefficient k is 153.4 (W / mK) when there is no anodic oxide film, 150.7 (W / mK) when the thickness of the anodic oxide film is 20 µm, and 149.7 (W / mK) when the thickness is 40 µm. It can be seen that even if the laminations are made, the decrease in the thermal conductivity coefficient is only about 3% or less. It can be seen that these values show very high thermal conductivity coefficients compared to titanium and stainless steel, which are used for heat exchangers using seawater.

Ti SUS 316 Al 6061 Al (40 μm) Al (70 μm) Al (100 µm) Heat Transfer Coefficient (W / mK) 17 16 154 150 147 145

Table 6 shows the electrical insulation characteristics of the aluminum member on which the anodization film according to the present invention is formed. The electrical insulation test was carried out by installing a φ25mm electrode on the sample, applying a voltage of 2,000V for 1 minute, and then examining the dielectric breakdown. The test showed no breakdown under all test conditions. Therefore, it can be seen that the anodization film according to the present invention has excellent insulation.

division result Al-30㎛ coating No breakdown Al-40㎛ Coating No breakdown

Table 7 shows the flexural strength characteristics of the aluminum member on which the anodized film according to the present invention is formed. Flexural strength test was performed according to the flexural strength method of ASTM D 790: 2003 of the United States, the tester was C.R.E type and the test speed was 2mm / min. As shown in Table 7, it can be seen that the aluminum member coated with the anodization film showed a better flexural strength value than the aluminum member without the anodization film.

division result No anodization 1140.1 Al-20㎛ Coating 1298.1

From the above series of test results, all of the aluminum members on which the anodization film was formed according to the present invention exhibited excellent surface properties, which could not be realized in the conventional anodization film formed by the conventional anodization method. From this, it can be seen that the present invention can form an anodized film with superior performance compared to the conventional anodized film.

The aluminum surface treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention described above may be referred to as nano-ceramic surface treatment technology hereinafter. In addition, the aluminum anodization method according to an embodiment of the present invention may be called a nano-ceramic coating method.

If the aluminum anodization method and the output thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention described above are used when preparing a solution including cooling particles, the content of metal particles other than cooling particles in the solution can be significantly reduced.

In this case, the solution may be a beverage to be added to the cold beverage forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention as described above, the application field of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, using the cold beverage forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to produce frozen particles (frozen particles) smaller than 30 to 50 microns from the actual beverage. In this way, the temperature of the cooled beverage is maintained and the concentration of the beverage can be kept the same when melted in the condenser unit. If the frozen particles are formed very small in this way, the taster will be able to recognize the presence of these frozen particles with the tongue and therefore may not affect the quality or characteristics of a beverage such as beer. These characteristics of the beverage product may increase consumer satisfaction and increase sales of beverage and beverage dispensers.

Cooling particles in beverages with PH 3 or PH 4, such as juices, syrups, carbonated soft drinks, draft beer, alcoholic beverages, and the like fluids Can be formed. When a heat exchanger such as the above-described cooling cylinder 10 is made of a material containing iron, iron is caused by friction between the surface of the heat exchanger and the very small frozen particles. ) May dissolve, causing harm to the body of the drinker. When the beverage is circulated for 8 hours in the cold beverage forming apparatus, in some cases the concentration of iron in the fluid may rise 10 times, for example from 0.5 ppm to 5 ppm during 8 hours. In order to solve this problem, nano-ceramic surface treatment technology according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied on the cylinder surface, which has a greater hardness and wear factor and A thicker aluminum surface layer can be obtained.

By using the nano-ceramic surface treatment technology according to an embodiment of the present invention together with the conventional cold beverage forming technology to freeze the acidic beverage to be frozen particles smaller than 30 to 50 microns, the harmful iron component as in the prior art It may not dissolve in acidic beverages.

Using the nano-ceramic surface treatment technology according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a nano-ceramic coated freezing cylinder such as the above-described cooling cylinder.

As described above, the power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention for anodizing aluminum can generate 40V / 500A of digital pulses by combining three independent pulse generators. The pulses generated from each pulse generator may have a period of 1 ms to 255 ms and include a multi-field effect transistor (FET). This power system can have a regular output voltage of at least 0V, at most 80V, and at least 40V. It can also have a regular output current of at least 0A, at most 1000A, and 500A. In addition, the combined pulses from the three pulse generators may each have a period of 1 msec to 255 msec. In addition, it has a ripple of 200mV and may have a stability of 0.1%.

According to one embodiment of the invention, in the nano-ceramic coating process, a main reacting vessel for electric reaction and a washing vessel for cleaning may be provided. The three independent pulse generators described above can be used in combination with the main reaction vessel, pretreatment liquid, and post treatment liquid.

More than 1000 plate specimens, 120 sets of aluminum drums and 12 or more vessels have been fabricated and used to measure the durability of ceramic coated test samples prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention. The mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the fabricated samples and drums were measured and optimal treatments were derived.

Optimal power control schedule can be developed by mixing 3 independent pulses and controlling current and voltage. According to a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention using an improved power control schedule, about 8% power saving, coating time is reduced by about 10%, and 30 nano to 120 nano sized , compared to a conventional power system. Structured cells can be obtained, and very thick nano-ceramic coding over 200 μm can be obtained.

Cylinders made in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention may have a darker color than cylinders made by conventional methods. That is, the present invention shows very powerful performance when nano ceramic coating is applied on all types of aluminum alloys such as Al6061, Al2024, Al30xx, Al50xx series.

The power system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied to equipment related to humans, such as cooking utensils, mobile phones, medical devices, refrigeration devices, and oil-refreshing systems.

In addition to the above-described tests, three further tests were performed on the cylinder material prepared according to one embodiment of the present invention: First, a heat conduction test based on KAIST (Korea Advanced Institution Sci. & Tech) standard. Second, far infrared radiation test of KICET (Korea Institute Ceramic Eng. & Tech) standard, third, corrosion test of KATRI standard for acid solution and seawater.

Table 8 shows another result of the thermal conductivity test of the aluminum member on which the anodized film according to the present invention is formed. Table 8 shows the results of the above thermal conductivity tests depending on the thickness of the coating. The thermal conductivity test resulted in a 1% to 3% reduction in conductivity.

Thickness (m) Thermal conductivity
k (W / mK) Thermal conductivity reduction rate (%) Al-0 μm 0.0 153.391 100 Al-20 μm 0.02058 150.692548 98.24 Al-40 μm 0.02067 149.7694693 97.63

15 shows an example of the results of the far infrared radiation test.

The far infrared radiation test result was very good. The sample used for the far infrared radiation test was Al 6061 75 μm alumina coating, measured in an environment of 22 ° C. indoors and 40 ° C. in the measurement chamber.

Finally, corrosion resistance tests have shown that they can withstand 30 years in medium acid liquid or seawater conditions.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the process of making a part of the solution into the cooling particles, it may be substantially free of metal particles such as iron.

The anodization film used in one embodiment of the present invention may be an anodization film of aluminum. Aluminum is an active metal and when exposed to air, its surface is covered with a natural oxide film, which may not produce a pure metal surface. Natural oxide film has a low industrial value due to the limitation of film thickness, so that natural oxide film can be used to make thicker oxide by electric and artificial methods. The anodic oxide film may be made of aluminum as an anode in an electrolyte, and the cathode may be made of an inert material such as lead. Sulfuric acid can be used as the electrolyte.

Each of the above-described embodiments is a combination of the components and features of the present invention in a predetermined form. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form that is not combined with other components or features. It is also possible to construct embodiments of the present invention by combining some of the elements and / or features. Some constructions or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment if not contrary to the spirit of the present invention, or may be replaced with corresponding constructions or features of another embodiment. It is clear that the claims that are not expressly cited in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment or be included in a new claim by an amendment after the application.

Claims (20)

A cooling cylinder including a cooling surface cooled by a refrigerant;
A separator adapted to scrape beverage particles frozen on the cooling surface;
Defroster;
An inlet pipe for delivering a first flow in said cooling cylinder from said cooling cylinder to said thawing machine;
An outlet pipe for delivering a second flow in the thaw from the thaw to the cooling cylinder; And
A control unit;
Including;
The operation of the cooling cylinder and the thaw is feedback-controlled by the control unit,
Cooling particle forming device. The method of claim 1,
The cooling surface is formed on the inner surface or the outer surface of the cooling cylinder,
Cooling particle forming device. The method of claim 2,
Further comprising a drive motor,
The separating device includes a scraper shaft disposed on the central axis of the cooling cylinder and a scraper coupled to the scraper shaft,
The drive motor is connected to the cooling cylinder or the scraper shaft to rotate the cooling cylinder and the scraper shaft relatively,
Cooling particle forming device. The method of claim 3,
And said scraper extends to a point 30 탆 to 100 탆 away from said cooling surface. The method of claim 3,
The control unit is configured to change the rotational speed of the scraper, the cooling particle forming apparatus. The method of claim 3,
The cooling cylinder is formed by combining the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
The cooling cylinder is formed with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet,
A space for circulating the refrigerant is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder,
Condenser and compressor are sequentially connected between the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet,
Cooling particle forming device. delete The method of claim 1,
Nozzle;
A reservoir connected to one side of the cooling cylinder; And
And a pump connected to the other side of the cooling cylinder to direct the first flow to the nozzle.
Cooling particle forming device. delete The method of claim 1,
The cooling surface includes an anodization film,
The anodization film is formed by a process comprising applying a pulse wave between an anode and a cathode,
The anodization film is formed on the surface of aluminum or aluminum alloy,
The diameter of the cell in the anodization film is 30nm to 120nm,
Cooling particle forming device. The method of claim 10,
The thickness of the anodic oxide film is 200㎛ or more and there is no interface inside, the cooling particle forming apparatus. The method of claim 10,
The pulsed wave is formed by including two or more of the first rectified modulated DC pulse wave, the second rectified modulated DC pulse wave, and the modulated AC pulse wave, cooling device forming apparatus. The method of claim 10,
Wherein said pulse wave has a peak voltage at the start of each pulse. The method of claim 13,
Wherein each pulse of the pulse wave is convex upward, and the voltage magnitude of the pulse wave decreases from the peak voltage with time. The method of claim 10,
And a negative voltage is applied between the anode and the cathode during the interval between the end point of one of the pulse waves and the start point of the next pulse. The method of claim 12,
And the first rectified modulated DC pulse wave and the second rectified modulated DC pulse wave have different phases. The method of claim 10,
The maximum voltage or the average voltage of each pulse of the pulse wave changes over time, the cooling particle forming apparatus. The method of claim 10,
The locus of the maximum voltage or the average voltage of each pulse of the pulse wave follows a sinusoidal waveform, cooling particle forming apparatus. 19. The method of claim 18,
The trajectory,
Increasing the voltage of the pulse wave from an initial value to a predetermined first value,
Maintaining the voltage for a first predetermined time at the first value,
Increasing the voltage from the first value to a second value greater than the first value, and
Maintaining the voltage for a second predetermined time at the second value
Formed by a process comprising:
Cooling particle forming device. The method of claim 10,
At least one of a length of a section having a negative voltage value of the pulse wave and a length of a section having a positive voltage value changes with time.

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