KR101148272B1 - Downward Construction Method of Basement applying SCFSliding Channel Form - Google Patents

Abstract

The basic elements of the temporary cladding at the time of the gulto construction are the cladding wall and the horizontal bracing member. The cladding wall of the present invention is a sliding rib formwork for easily constructing the downward construction using the CIP (Cast In Place Pile). (Sliding Channel Form, SCF).

Temporary mudstones are installed to temporarily resist earth pressure and water pressure during the construction period. Therefore, it is desirable to construct the plywood wall, which becomes a permanent wall after the foundation work, by improving the work efficiency and construction quality. However, if the basement is deepened and the underground construction is to be applied sequentially, the downward construction method is preferred due to the burden of construction period, cost increase, and risk of soil collapse during construction. The downward method is a method of simultaneously constructing a structure to be used for this building while digging underground, and it is preferable to complete each floor's basement outer wall (plywood) and bottom plate at the same time. Construction work is difficult. In addition, it is convenient to have an opening on the outer wall surface for the emission of smoke and natural light generated from the work equipment essential for the downward construction method. Therefore, wisely treating the interference portion where the basement cladding and the floor slab meet, there is a great effect in applying the downward method, which is the core technology of the present invention.

The basement outer wall 30 between the CIP 10 and the bottom plate 40 is constructed with a plywood wall in which the formwork is installed only on the inside of the building, and the concrete is poured. If the space between the CIP and the bottom plate is emptied to post-construct the outer wall to the plywood wall, the slab is poured, and the load transfer path to transfer the groundwater pressure and earth pressure received by the CIP to the bottom plate slab is broken. However, in order to fill the above space in advance, a concrete pouring hole is needed to pour the basement wall concrete under the bottom plate. In the downward construction method using concrete pouring holes, the concrete is not well filled in the lower part of the bottom plate and the joint of the basement outer wall after the construction is completed, which may cause cracking and waterproofing. Therefore, it is necessary to temporarily construct a part of the interference part shared by the floorboard and the plywood, and to temporarily transmit the large earth pressure and water pressure transmitted from the CIP to the floorboard until the plywood is constructed later.

As the basement deepens, it may be necessary to increase the thickness of the bottom plate to safely support the earth pressure and water pressure transmitted from the exterior walls. Therefore, the conventional method of installing the openings in the interference part of the basement plywood and the bottom plate reinforces the part around the opening and the concrete, as shown in Fig. 4, but it is difficult to reinforce the steel in the thin and narrow space and pour concrete into . Therefore, when using the TSC beam (folding the upper flange inward) (steel patent registration 10-0872959, hereinafter referred to as TSC beam) as a steel beam to support the slab slab as shown in Fig. 9 in the CIP Effectively resists earth pressure and hydraulic pressure delivered. Therefore, TSC beams are used as wall beams, which can effectively resist the compressive force transmitted from the CIP.

Since the CIP cannot be precisely constructed due to construction errors in underground drilling, the thickness of the plywood wall varies for each part. Thus, the length of the thick ribs that fit between the upper CIP and the wall will also vary. Ribs are solved with sliding corrugated formwork (SCF) instead of custom-made at the formwork site. The sliding rib form is manufactured by folding a pair of thin steel sheets A and B in U shape as shown in FIG. 2B and inserting B into A to move in the longitudinal direction in A. FIG.

The plywood walls can support large vertical vertical loads, so the pillars under the beams are often omitted and directly supported on the plywood walls. However, to post-install the plywood, it is necessary to take additional measures to support the wall until then, and the triangular bracket of FIG. 2 performs such a function. The triangular bracket 80 may be bolted to the bracket-coated strip steel plate 82 welded vertically to the soil barrier H pile, and then recovered and recycled after finishing the bottom concrete curing. However, even if the floor concrete curing is finished, the ribs except for the opening temporarily supports the vertical vertical load on the CIP, so it is impossible to add a push rod 90, which is an inclined brace, before pouring the floor concrete. The triangular bracket can be recovered by recycling the floor concrete after at least 7 days of strength.

Description

Downward Construction Method of Basement applying SCF (Sliding Channel Form)}

The world's largest and deepest basement area in the world will be in Korea, and construction is still underway throughout the country. Building sites with a high basement floor are expensive without exception, and most of them are adjacent to the land boundary. Therefore, it is essential to minimize the damage to nearby buildings and facilities during the construction of the basement. Deep digging of the ground pit can cause deformation and displacement of adjacent buildings, roads, and various facilities in the process of pushing the surrounding soil along with groundwater, so to minimize this, temporary blockage should be done.

If the length of the pit soil and temporary mudstone construction prior to the building body construction is longer, the overall air will not only be longer, but the underground frame construction period until the completion of the basement floor construction after the basement foundation construction is as if blindfolded and walked through the minefield. You will be in danger of earth and earth collapse. To reduce this anxiety to a minimum, the basement downhole is applied. As shown in FIG. 8, the basic elements of the temporary clamboard are vertical cladding walls directly contacting the soil and a horizontal support member constraining them in a horizontal direction. The cladding wall covered in the present invention is a CIP arranged continuously along the periphery of the basement outer wall.

CIP is a site concrete pile that inserts H-beam or cylindrical rebar network into the hole drilled by drilling equipment and fills the remaining empty space.The thickness, size and insertion interval of H-beam are the soil type, groundwater level, basement depth and The braces are dependent on the vertical spacing of the transverse brace members (in this case, the basement floor). In the downwork, permanent decks on each floor of the building function as a temporary strut. However, it is preferable for the earthquake to be installed at the same time with the bottom plate and the basement outer wall (plywood wall) in the downward construction method, but it is not easy to pour concrete upside down when the lower wall is constructed afterwards. On the other hand, since the pre-installed temporary block can resist earth pressure and water pressure during short-term load during construction, constructing the plywood wall by the normal upward construction method after finishing the foundation work is a shortcut to improve work efficiency and construction quality.

Downworking requires the provision of floorboard openings for minimal emissions and soot emissions resulting from various equipment working inside the basement. If the opening is connected to the outer wall surface, it can be utilized for soot emission and natural light. One difficult and important point in FIG. 8 is how to handle the areas where basement cladding and floor slabs meet, that is, where the cross sections overlap and interfere with each other. If there is an empty space between the CIP and the bottom plate, the groundwater and earth pressure received by the CIP cannot be transferred to the bottom plate, and if it is filled up without any space, the hole to pour the wall concrete below the bottom plate is blocked. Therefore, a temporary medium is needed to easily transfer the earth pressure and water pressure acting on the CIP to the bottom plate while constructing the part of the joint wall where the CIP and the bottom plate meet.

Existing techniques for solving the temporary medium that delivers the earth pressure and water pressure acting on the CIP to the bottom plate while constructing a part of the joint wall where the CIP and the bottom plate meet, after the construction of the joint wall, are described in FIGS. 4 to 7. .

As the basement deepens, the earth pressure and water pressure become large enough to increase the bottom plate thickness. That is, only a part of the shared interference portion of the basement plywood and the bottom plate in FIG. 8 needs to be pre-installed so that the reinforcement of the plywood is reinforced and the concrete can be poured through the remaining openings. However, if you do not take special measures to do this and leave an opening in a part of the bottom plate and partially install it with the same thickness as the bottom plate, it will not be able to receive earth pressure and water pressure in structural strength. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the reinforcing bars are required around the opening. However, basement floor slabs are only 15-20cm thick, so it is not easy to pour the concrete by reinforcing the main stirrer and stirrup in a thin and narrow space as shown in the drawing, and also by specially strengthening the surroundings. It is more complicated, which requires a lot of construction time and labor costs.

As shown in Fig. 5, the conventional hanger is placed on the bottom of the a-beam and the openings are avoided to cut the ribs, and then closed with an opening box made of steel plate to reinforce various reinforcement bars. In addition, as shown in Figure 6, the vertical reinforcement of the plywood is also to be arranged in accordance with the opening of the width of only 20cm, it is not possible to select the free rebar spacing according to the structural strength and give up the economical design of the plywood wall. Figure 7 is earlier than the method of Figures 4 to 5 is to pre-install the wall to install the steel beams, which is another process is added to the lower wall through the pre-arranged small round pipe sleeve pre-arranged plywood reinforcement to the wall beam Since concrete needs to be poured, there is a risk that cracks will occur in the joints of the pre-constructed strip and the jointed concrete wall.

In order to apply the downward method smoothly, it is necessary to increase the width of the opening to be provided in the interference part sharing the plywood and the floorboard, and to increase the width of the earth pressure and water pressure transmitted from the CIP without adding additional work during the tight basement construction period. Find new ways to communicate safely to the board. In addition, basement construction is a tedious and expensive 3D work, so it is simple, requires a short construction period, and requires a new construction method that reduces construction costs including labor costs.

Since the basement outer wall 30 is a thick wall continuously constructed, the burden capacity for vertical load is also large. Therefore, it is possible to support the basement floor load as well as the ground floor floor load without the need for a separate pillar unless it is connected to the outer wall to the high floor. However, in the downward process, measures must be taken to allow temporary temporary wall loads, here the CIP, to be temporarily loaded before installing the basement walls. Also, after finishing the underground exterior wall construction, it should be avoided that the appearance is not good or expensive.

As the steel beam to support the slab slab as shown in Figure 9 instead of the general H-shaped steel 'TSC beam fold the upper flange inward' (patent registration 10-0872959), the outer appearance of the beam is U-shaped, so as to fill the concrete inside It has a cross section of the same shape as the reinforced concrete beam. Therefore, instead of reinforcing the remaining slab portion with reinforcing bars instead of the cross section removed through the opening among the interfering parts that transmit the earth pressure and water pressure transmitted from the CIP to the floor slab, if a thick rib is formed in the vertical direction, Through the marked diagonal line, the water pressure and earth pressure are naturally transmitted to the bottom plate. The wall uses the TSC beam 60.

The CIP is the pouring of on-site concrete into the holes excavated with drilling equipment, so it cannot be expected to be exactly parallel to the TSC beams. That is, the thickness of the basement outer wall 30 is different for each part, and the length of the rib to be inserted into the place where the basement outer wall between the CIP and TSC beam will enter. Since measuring one by one at the construction site and making a customized one causes a delay in the construction period, as shown in FIG. 2d, a pair of thin steel sheets A and B can be folded into a U-shaped channel, but the outer size of B is equal to the inner dimension of A. Molded to fit B into A to slide it in the longitudinal direction and use it as a permanent mold for ribs. Permanent formwork for ribs is to be sliding rib formwork (SCF).

Since the basement outer wall 30 can support large vertical loads, the pillars under the beams are often omitted and directly supported on the plywood walls. By the way, after the construction of the plywood is necessary until the separate measures to support the wall 60, the triangular bracket 80 of Figure 2 is it. This may be bolted to the band steel plate welded vertically to the soil pile H pile 20, and then recovered and recycled after the completion of the bottom concrete curing. However, even if the floor concrete curing is finished, it is impossible for the ribs except the opening to temporarily support the vertical vertical load on the CIP, so that a tilting rod, which is a slope support material, is added separately before pouring the floor concrete. The triangular bracket can be recovered by recycling the concrete of the floor slab 40 after at least 7 days of strength.

The provision of ribs to transfer the lateral force transmitted from the CIP to the floorboards simplifies the construction method and eliminates the labor-intensive miscellaneous work, thus reducing the construction period and construction cost. It is easy to install the plywood wall because of the large size of the temporary opening between the temporary wall and the bottom plate, and it is convenient to use for ventilation and mining necessary during the down-construction method.

Triangular brackets that will support the floor load during the construction of the plywood can be recycled, reducing construction costs. The push rod is a single a-beam and placed directly under the ribs, so it does not interfere with pouring the plywood and concrete.

The earthquake works are performed by the conventional method, and the soil is excavated by the heat-stacking earthquake method (CIP method) during the earthwork, and the H-beam or reinforcing bar is inserted therein. In addition, the pillars should be installed in the same way as the pillars inside the building, and one layer will be excavated by the downward method. Select the part of the pile piled with H pile 20 in the CIP for each layer as shown in Fig. 2 to remove the concrete to expose the H-shaped steel flange, and weld the bracket-mounted strip steel plate 82 with the bolt holes, and then Assemble the triangular bracket (80) with a nut. At this time, the a-beam specification of the triangular bracket is 2L-90 × 90 × 10.

Assemble the steel beam for the slab to the intermediate column 100 and the triangular bracket (80). Steel beams are applied to existing products such as H-beams, TSC beams, and asymmetric H-beams. The spacing for attaching the triangular bracket is 2m or less according to the CIP spacing, and it is determined by the CIP blueprint and structural calculation. As shown in FIG. 9, the TSC beams (wall beams) facing the plywood wall are arranged to have a reinforcing coating thickness (about 4 cm) on the inner surface of the plywood wall so that the load of the wall beam 60 is smoothly transmitted to the plywood wall when the plywood construction is completed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the a-beam (L-60 × 60 × 6) to support the sliding rib form (hereinafter referred to as SCF) is attached to the inner surface of the CIP with a set anchor, and the bracket-attached band steel plate 82 and the TSC beam The push rod 90 is welded diagonally in accordance with the level to support the SCF 70 of the wall. The rod should be about L-90 × 90 × 10, and the L-125 × 75 × 7 should be cut to 150mm in length on the upper side where it meets the TSC beam. The SCF is placed on a 150 mm A piece welded to the top of the a-beam and the push rod to support the SCF.

SCF is a sliding channel form as shown in Figures 2b, 2c, 2d to form a channel by folding a pair of thin steel plates A, B in U shape, but the outer size of B is molded according to the internal dimensions of A to insert B into A It slides in the longitudinal direction and is used as permanent formwork. Therefore, A corresponds to the external channel 75, B corresponds to the internal channel 76. In addition, the SCF may be made of a concrete panel, a square steel pipe, or the like in addition to a steel sheet. The height of the SCF is not less than 1.5 times the thickness of the floor slab and the width is about 20cm. The number of SCFs is proportional to the horizontal force of the applied earth pressure and water pressure.

In FIG. 3D, the left and right web inner surfaces of A are welded across the beam by welding the reinforcing bar latches 71 below the slab thickness from the top. In Figure 3, the length of A is closer than the narrowest of the gap between the CIP and the steel beams, and B is 15 cm more than the narrowest width minus the narrowest width of the gap between the CIP and the steel beams at the construction site. Make a long cut. Insert B into A and push one end to CIP to fix it on the front a-beam, and cut it with an arc so that the flange of B, which meets CIP in advance, coincides with the outer arc of the main pile pile of CIP.

As shown in Figure 3, to pour concrete into the floor slab and the SCF, the inner surface of the TSC beam 60 must be blocked with a form of slab as much as the slab thickness, so the metal mesh (73) on the side of the slab arranged by standing wire mesh 72 over the SCF. ) So that the concrete does not leak toward the wall and is easy to attach with the wall later. At this time, if necessary, reinforcing steel can be penetrated through metal lath and wire mesh, and metal lath is not attached to wire mesh at the end of SCF. The distance between the SCFs becomes narrower as the number of basements increases, so it may be necessary to install every CIP (usually 50cm in diameter). Inside the SCF and around the openings in the other parts, reinforce the required reinforcing bars and pour the floor concrete into the truss deck (not shown) installed in the conventional way.

When pouring the floor slab concrete, the concrete flows easily inside the TSC beam, but the SCF is narrow and must be filled carefully. When the lower floor oyster begins to stiffen and the strength of the upper floor concrete reaches 7 days of strength, the triangular bracket 80 can be recovered and recycled in the next floor construction. When the foundation work is completed, the plywood wall is reinforced in the open space except for the SCF block in each floor of the plywood section, and the underground outer wall 30 can be constructed by the upward method. When the basement outer wall is inserted into the bolt hole of the bracket-attached strip steel plate 82 welded to the H pile and bent toward the plywood wall, the H ply and the plywood wall are synthetically designed to reduce the ply wall cross section. This method is a separate patent pending (synthetic outer wall method 10-2007-0132010, which permanently uses the temporary mud wall as part of the basement outer wall).

1 is a plan view of the basement downward method using a sliding rib form (SCF),

2 is a sectional view of the plywood simultaneously showing the CIP, SCF, tack, wall and triangular bracket,

2A to 2F are partial detail views of a sectional view of a sump wall,

3 is a partial plan view simultaneously showing the CIP, SCF, plywood section and TSC beams (walls);

3a to 3d are partial details of the SCF and the basement outer wall,

4 is a plan view of a conventional plywood downward method;

5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper 4 degrees,

6 is a partial detailed view of the above 4, 5 degrees,

7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the initial plywood method in the basement downhole method,

7a is a partial cross-sectional view of the simultaneous construction of underground and ground after foundation concrete

Figure 7b is a detailed view of the suspended girder, the junction of the basement outer wall and cheolgolbo

8 is an explanatory diagram of a general load transfer path of a basement temporary wall and a base plate;

9 is an explanatory view of the load transfer path of the basement temporary wall and the base plate of the present invention.

<Brief description of the symbols in the drawings>

10; CIP (Soil Crushing Method) 20; H file

30; Underground outer wall (plywood) 40; Slab (bottom plate)

42; Truss deck 50; Steel frame

60; TSC beams

70; Sliding rib form (SCF) 71; Hook

72; Wire mesh 73; Metal lath

75; External channel 76; Internal channel

80; Triangular bracket 82; Steel strip with bracket

90; Straw 100; Middle column

Claims (4)

Floor construction works in the order of 1st floor construction → 1st basement floor → 1st basement floor construction → 2nd floor underground construction → 2nd basement floor construction. ) The construction is a method for the sequential upward construction starting from the outermost outer wall to the outer one of the basement floor; a) inserting an H-beam or reinforcing bar into a hole drilled into the ground to perform a CIP (10) construction; b) The concrete cover is removed so that the inner flange of the building of the H pile 20 embedded in the CIP is exposed for the ground floor construction, and the exposure length fixes the triangular bracket 80 from the lower part of the TSC beam 60 on the first floor. Sufficient free space for; c) bonding the triangular bracket for the first floor to the H-pile flange, and installing the first-floor TSC beam 60 inside the building, which is the end of the triangular bracket, and with the bracket steel strip 82 of the triangular bracket for the first floor. Fixing the first floor TSC beam in an oblique direction between the first floor TSC beam upper ends; d) mounting the first floor slab 40 above the first floor TSC beam with a distance reduced from the thickness of the basement outer wall 30 by the coating thickness; e) 1st floor sliding formwork 70 is installed between 1st floor TSC beam and CIP, 1st floor sliding formwork is installed at both ends of CIP and 1st floor TSC beam at the bottom of 1st floor sliding formwork. Supporting the step; f) pouring concrete into the first-floor slab 40 and the first-floor sliding mold form 70 after the process b) -e) is completed, and then excavating the first-basement floor; g) performing the first-floor slab construction by repeating each step of b) -f) in the first-floor basement, and sequentially performing the downward construction to the lowest floor ceiling slab in the same manner, and then performing the foundation work; h) when the foundation work is completed, reinforcement of the reinforcement of the basement outer wall (30) in the open space except the sliding corrugated form among the basement walls of the lowermost floor and pouring concrete step by step up to the ground floor; Basement downhole method using a sliding rib form, characterized in that it comprises a. The method of claim 1, The triangular bracket 80 is composed of a band between the bracket with a steel strip 82 to be bonded to the H pile 20 embedded in the CIP and a horizontal member attached to it vertically, a horizontal member and a band with a bracket steel sheet; The bracket-attached band steel plate welded to the H-file is fixed to the a-beams installed on both sides with bolted joints; And Concrete is installed in TSC beams, slabs (40), sliding corrugated formwork (70), and wall (60) so that the sliding corrugated formwork and corrugate are combined with concrete to resist earth pressure and vertical load (generally 7 days or more). After securing the triangular bracket, it is also possible to recover the basement by using the sliding groove form The method of claim 1, The sliding rib formwork 70 is made of two steel plates in a U shape, and constitutes an outer channel 75 and an inner channel 76; The outer channel comes to the TSC beam 60, the inner channel overlaps the outer channel and closely adheres to the CIP, but the end is manufactured in a circular shape; And The outer channel is longer than the inner channel, and the sliding die dances thicker than the slab on the floor; Welding the clasp 71 to both sides of the sliding ribs in the upper flange of the TSC beam where the TSC beams and the sliding ribs meet; The basement downward method using a sliding rib form, characterized in that the wire mesh 72 and the metal lath 73 is disposed on the hook. The method according to claim 1 or 3, Sliding rib form is determined in proportion to the horizontal force acting on the CIP, the material is made of steel sheet or concrete panel, square pipe or the like; And Basement downhole method using the sliding ribs, characterized in that the vertical reinforcement for the wall is placed in the opening around the sliding ribs

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