KR101141944B1 - Liquid crystal display and method for fabricating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the viewing angle, wherein the liquid crystal display device capable of removing the viewing angle according to the present invention comprises an array substrate and a color filter substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate. A liquid crystal display panel; And a viewing angle control cell in contact with the liquid crystal display panel, the first viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a first direction and the second viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a second direction. A method of manufacturing a controllable liquid crystal display device includes: providing a liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; And forming a viewing angle control cell in contact with the liquid crystal display panel, the first viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a first direction and the second viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a second direction.

 Wide viewing angle, narrow viewing angle, viewing angle control cell,

Description

Liquid crystal display device capable of viewing angle control and manufacturing method thereof {LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING THE SAME}

1 is a cross-sectional view for schematically explaining a liquid crystal display device according to the prior art.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device in a narrow viewing angle mode according to the prior art.

3 is a view illustrating a liquid crystal display device having a viewing angle control cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a viewing angle control cell including a first cell rubbed to the left and a second cell rubbed to the right is disposed on a liquid crystal display panel; Schematic cross section.

4 is a schematic view showing a viewing angle control cell composed of a first cell and a second cell in a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and showing a state in which left and right viewing angles are controlled.

5 is a schematic view illustrating a viewing angle control cell composed of a first cell and a second cell when a transparent organic material is applied in a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a viewing angle according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, wherein left and right viewing angles are controlled. Schematic showing the state.

6 is a schematic view illustrating a viewing angle control cell composed of a first cell and a second cell when a transparent organic material is applied in a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a viewing angle according to still another embodiment of the present invention. Schematic showing the controlled state.

-Code description of main parts of drawing-

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Liquid crystal display panel 111 Array substrate 113 Pixel electrode 200 First viewing angle control cell part

211: first substrate 213: first electrode

241: second substrate 243: second electrode

251: first liquid crystal layer 300: second viewing angle control cell unit

313: third electrode 341: third substrate

343: fourth electrode 351: second liquid crystal layer

A: Permeation (Front Side) B: Impermeability (Viewing Angle Control)

C: front transmission (wide viewing angle)

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device capable of switching between wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode, and a manufacturing method thereof.

Liquid crystal display devices are mainly used as flat panel display devices having high quality and low power.

Representative liquid crystal display device of the flat panel display device is to inject a liquid crystal between two substrates and to control the light transmittance by controlling the intensity of the electric field applied to the electrode formed on the substrate surface, notebook PC, PDA, It is widely used in fields such as video telephone, TV and various portable electronic products.

Recently, as the needs of users are diversified, various liquid crystal modes capable of increasing the size, high definition, and viewing angle of liquid crystal displays have been proposed.

As a representative example of a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle characteristic, a liquid crystal display device having a horizontal field driving method and a vertical alignment (VA) method to which a compensation film is applied may be mentioned.

Among them, in the transverse electric field driving type liquid crystal display device in which the pixel electrode and the common electrode are formed on the same substrate, a horizontal electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode when the pixel is turned on. Upon off, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules operates parallel to the substrate surface.

Therefore, the refractive index of the liquid crystal observed macroscopically is small, and the contrast ratio is good and it is advantageous for a wide viewing angle.

Meanwhile, a vertical alignment liquid crystal display device is a pair of transparent substrates having transparent electrodes formed therein, a liquid crystal material which is injected between two substrates, and is perpendicular to the substrate surface, and an outer surface of each transparent substrate. It consists of two polarizing plates that are attached to each other at right angles to polarize light, and implements a wide viewing angle by compensating a viewing angle by attaching a compensation film inside the polarizing plate.

Recently, a mode of multi-dividing without rubbing has been proposed by forming an opening pattern or forming a projection in the transparent electrode.

In this regard, a general liquid crystal display device implementing a wide viewing angle will be described with reference to FIG. 1.

1 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to the related art.

Referring to FIG. 1, a general liquid crystal display device is bonded so that the thin film transistor array substrate 11 and the color filter substrate 41 face each other at uniform intervals, and the thin film transistor array substrate 11 and the color filter substrate 41 are bonded to each other. The liquid crystal layer 51 is interposed therebetween.

In the thin film transistor array substrate 11, pixels are arranged in a matrix form, and the thin film transistor 20, the pixel electrode 27, and a capacitor (not shown) are formed in the unit pixel. In addition, the thin film transistor 20 may include a gate electrode 13 formed on the array substrate 11, a gate insulating film 15 formed on the array substrate 11 including the gate electrode 13, and a semiconductor layer ( 17) and source / drain electrodes 21 and 23 formed on the semiconductor layer 17 and spaced apart by a predetermined interval. The pixel electrode 27 is connected to the drain electrode through a drain contact hole (not shown) formed in the passivation layer 25 formed on the front surface of the array substrate 11 including the source / drain electrodes 21 and 23. 23) is electrically connected.

In addition, the color filter substrate 41 includes a common electrode 47 for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 51 together with the pixel electrode 27, an RGB color filter 45 for implementing actual colors, and a black matrix ( 43) is formed.

An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the opposing surface of the thin film transistor array substrate 11 and the color filter substrate 41, and the liquid crystal is arranged in a predetermined direction by rubbing on the surface of the alignment film (not shown).

In this case, the liquid crystal is rotated by dielectric anisotropy when an electric field is applied between the pixel field 27 formed for each unit pixel of the thin film transistor array substrate 11 and the common electrode 47 formed on the front surface of the color filter substrate 41. As a result, light or text is displayed for each unit pixel to display text or images.

The color filter substrate 41 and the thin film transistor array substrate 11 are provided with first and second polarizing plates 61 and 63, respectively. At this time, these polarizing plates 61 and 63 have a function of making natural light incident while vibrating in various directions to be light (that is, polarization) vibrating only in one direction.

Looking at the movement path of the light of the general liquid crystal display device configured as described above, the light of the backlight light source is scattered in all directions and emit light, and the emitted light passes through several diffusion sheets (not shown) to obtain a uniform luminance characteristics Done.

Therefore, the light incident on the liquid crystal display panel is incident in the omnidirectional direction, and thus the image can be observed from a wide viewing angle.

A general liquid crystal display device has been studied with the wide viewing angle mode directivity as described above, but in any special case, the narrow viewing angle mode may be required.

However, according to the general liquid crystal display device, the light incident on the panel is incident in all directions so that the image can be observed from a wide viewing angle, but cannot be driven while actively controlling the narrow viewing angle and the wide viewing angle. There are disadvantages.

Meanwhile, a liquid crystal display according to the related art for implementing the narrow viewing angle mode will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display of the narrow viewing angle mode according to the prior art.

Referring to FIG. 2, a liquid crystal display device implementing a narrow viewing angle mode according to the related art includes a lower film 61, an upper film 71 disposed at a predetermined distance from the lower film 61, and these lower films. Between the plurality of carbon black louvers 63 disposed between the 61 and the upper film 71 in the form of partition walls, and between the plurality of carbon black louvers layers 63. The transparent material layer 65 is comprised.

Here, the louver layer 63 made of the carbon black absorbs all the light 81a that comes out obliquely and passes only the linear light 81b.

In addition, the transparent material layer 65 is a material for increasing the light transmission, and transmits all the linear light 81b except for the light exiting to the louver layer 63.

In this way, the use of a film-type filter or optical fiber (not shown) has the advantage that the viewing angle can be narrowed, but the front brightness is excessively reduced along with the problem that the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle cannot be switched as necessary. There is a problem.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode as needed.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; And a viewing angle control cell in contact with the liquid crystal display panel and including a first viewing angle control cell part rubbed in a first direction and a second viewing angle control cell part rubbed in a second direction.

In addition, a liquid crystal display device manufacturing method capable of controlling the viewing angle according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a liquid crystal display comprising an array substrate and a color filter substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate Providing a panel; And forming a viewing angle control cell in contact with the liquid crystal display panel, the first viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a first direction and the second viewing angle control cell part rubbing in a second direction. Should be.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a wide viewing angle mode and a narrow viewing angle mode according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a view illustrating a liquid crystal display device having a viewing angle control cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a viewing angle control cell including a first cell rubbed to the left and a second cell rubbed to the right is disposed on a liquid crystal display panel; A schematic cross-sectional view.

Referring to FIG. 3, a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode according to the present invention includes a backlight (not shown) and a liquid crystal display panel 100 having a wide viewing angle mode disposed on the backlight (not shown). And a viewing angle control cell disposed on the liquid crystal display panel 100 in the wide viewing angle mode and configured of a left viewing angle control cell 200 and a right viewing angle control cell 300.

Here, the liquid crystal display panel 100 of the wide viewing angle mode is bonded to the thin film transistor array substrate 111 and the color filter substrate 141 so as to have a uniform gap therebetween, and the thin film transistor array substrate 111 and the color filter. The liquid crystal layer 151 is interposed between the substrates 141.

In addition, although not shown in the drawing, the thin film transistor array substrate 111 includes pixels arranged in a matrix form, and a thin film transistor (not shown), a pixel electrode 113 and a capacitor (not shown) are formed in the unit pixel. do. In addition, the thin film transistor (not shown) may include a gate electrode (not shown) formed on the array substrate 111 and a gate insulating layer (not shown) formed on the array substrate 111 including the gate electrode (not shown). And a source / drain electrode (not shown) formed on the semiconductor layer (not shown) and spaced apart by a predetermined interval. In addition, the pixel electrode 113 is not drained through a drain contact hole (not shown) formed in a protective film (not shown) formed on the front surface of the array substrate 111 including the source / drain electrodes (not shown). Is electrically connected to

The color filter substrate 141 includes a common electrode 147 for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer 151 together with the pixel electrode 113, an RGB color filter 145 for real color, and a black matrix ( 143 is formed.

In addition, an alignment film (not shown) is formed on an opposing surface of the thin film transistor array substrate 111 and the color filter substrate 141, and liquid crystals are arranged in a predetermined direction by rubbing on the surface of the alignment film (not shown). In this case, the liquid crystal is rotated by dielectric anisotropy when an electric field is applied between the pixel electrode 113 formed for each unit pixel of the thin film transistor array substrate 111 and the common electrode 147 formed on the front surface of the color filter substrate 141. As a result, light or text is displayed for each unit pixel to display text or images.

On the other hand, the viewing angle control cell is composed of a first viewing angle control cell unit 200 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 to form a viewing angle according to the rubbing direction of the liquid crystal, the first constituting the viewing angle control cell The first viewing angle control cell unit 200 functions to control the left or right viewing angle, and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 controls the right or left viewing angle opposite to the first viewing angle control cell unit 200. Done.

The first viewing angle control cell unit 200 may include a first electrode 213 formed on a first substrate (not shown; 211 in FIG. 4), the first substrate (211 in FIG. 4), and the first substrate. The second substrate 241 is spaced apart from the 211 by a predetermined interval, the second electrode 243 formed on the second substrate 241, the first substrate 211 and the second substrate 241 And a first liquid crystal layer 251 interposed therebetween.

In addition, the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 includes a third electrode 313 formed on the second substrate 241 and the second substrate 241 of the second viewing angle control cell 300, and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300. A third substrate 341 spaced apart from the substrate 241 by a predetermined interval, a fourth electrode 343 formed on the third substrate 341, the second substrate 241 and a third substrate ( The second liquid crystal layer 351 is interposed between the 341.

Here, the liquid crystal alignment in the first viewing angle control cell unit 200 is arranged to the left or the right, and the liquid crystal alignment in the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 is the liquid crystal in the first viewing angle control cell unit 200. It is arranged on the right or left side opposite to the orientation.

In the viewing angle control cell composed of the first reagent angle control cell unit 200 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 configured as described above, the electrode pattern may be formed in a rectangular, square, or other form, The upper and lower sizes and shapes may be the same, or the pattern shape may not be the same.

As the material of the transparent electrode, an electrode that transmits light such as ITO or IZO is suitable.

The outer electrode portion may be a liquid crystal, or may be made of an organic material such as PA (Poly Acryl) to transmit only.

Moreover, the electrodes do not have to be connected in common. That is, the angle of the viewing angle may be generated differently by performing individual driving.

Meanwhile, a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the viewing angle using the viewing angle control cell according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 6.

4 is a schematic view showing a viewing angle control cell composed of a first cell and a second cell in a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention, and showing a state in which left and right viewing angles are controlled. .

FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a viewing angle control cell including a first cell and a second cell when a transparent organic material is applied in a liquid crystal display capable of controlling a viewing angle according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram showing the state.

6 is a schematic view illustrating a viewing angle control cell composed of a first cell and a second cell when a transparent organic material is applied in a liquid crystal display device capable of controlling a viewing angle according to still another embodiment of the present invention. A schematic diagram showing the controlled state.

Referring to FIG. 4, according to the liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the viewing angle according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, both the first viewing angle control cell unit 200 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 are connected to the liquid crystals 251 and 351. When the first viewing angle control cell unit 200 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 300 are both driven, the liquid crystals of the first, second, third and fourth electrodes 213, 243, 313, and 343 are filled. In this case, the filled liquid crystal is not driven.

Therefore, the light is not transmitted in the left and right directions B, and the light is transmitted in the front direction A, so that the left and right viewing angles are controlled.

On the other hand, referring to Figure 5, according to the liquid crystal display device capable of controlling the viewing angle according to another embodiment of the present invention, first and second formed in the first viewing angle control cell unit 400 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 500 The parts other than the 3, 4 electrodes 413, 443, 513, and 543 are made of organic materials such as polyacryl (PA) and BCB. The first viewing angle control cell unit 400 and the second viewing angle control cell unit ( When the 500 is driven, full white is realized, and the liquid crystal layers 451 and 551 control the viewing angle in the left and right directions B according to the driving voltage.

Therefore, as in FIG. 4, light is not transmitted in the left and right directions B and light is transmitted only in the front direction A, thereby controlling the left and right viewing angles.

In addition, referring to FIG. 6, according to another embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal display capable of controlling the viewing angle may selectively drive the first viewing angle control cell unit 600 and the second viewing angle control cell unit 700. When the first viewing angle control cell unit 600 is driven, either the left or right viewing angle is controlled so that either one of the front and left and right sides is implemented in the wide viewing angle mode, and the first viewing angle is driven when the second viewing angle control cell unit 700 is driven. The right or left viewing angle opposite to the control cell unit 600 is controlled so that either one of the front side A and the left and right sides is implemented in the wide viewing angle mode.

As described above, according to the liquid crystal display device and the manufacturing method of the wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle control according to the present invention, the main liquid crystal display panel for providing an image and the first viewing angle control cell portion rubbed in the left direction and the right direction By having the viewing angle control cell composed of the second viewing angle control cell portion rubbed with the left side, the viewing angle on the left side is controlled when the first viewing angle control cell portion rubbed to the left is controlled, and the right side when driving the second viewing angle control cell portion rubbed to the right side. The viewing angle of is controlled.

Therefore, it is possible to implement a wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle mode can be usefully applied to products used for personal information protection.

In addition, it is possible to eliminate a number of rubbing processes and a large amount of defects required in manufacturing a general liquid crystal display panel.

On the other hand, while described above with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art various modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention described in the claims below And can be changed.

Claims (13)

A liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; A first viewing angle control cell unit disposed on the liquid crystal display panel and rubbing in a first direction; And Is disposed above the first viewing angle control cell unit, and comprises a second viewing angle control cell unit rubbing in a second direction, The left or right viewing angle is controlled by the first viewing angle control cell unit, And the right or left viewing angle is controlled by the second viewing angle control cell unit as opposed to the first viewing angle control cell unit. The display device of claim 1, wherein each of the first viewing angle control cell unit and the second viewing angle control cell unit comprises: a lower substrate on which a first electrode is formed; an upper substrate on which a second electrode is spaced apart from the lower substrate; A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer filled between upper substrates. The display device of claim 1, wherein each of the first viewing angle control cell unit and the second viewing angle control cell unit includes a lower substrate on which a first electrode is formed, an upper substrate on which the second substrate is spaced apart from the lower substrate by a predetermined distance, and the lower substrate and the upper substrate. A liquid crystal display device comprising an organic material layer provided between substrates. The liquid crystal display device of claim 2, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode have the same size and the same shape, or have different sizes and different shapes. The liquid crystal display device of claim 3, wherein the organic material layer is formed of poly acryl (PA) or BCB. Providing a liquid crystal display panel including an array substrate and a color filter substrate and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate; Forming a first viewing angle control cell part disposed on the liquid crystal display panel and rubbed in a first direction; And forming a second viewing angle control cell portion rubbed in a second direction on the first viewing angle control cell portion. The display device of claim 6, wherein each of the first viewing angle control cell unit and the second viewing angle control cell unit comprises: a lower substrate on which a first electrode is formed; an upper substrate on which the second electrode is spaced apart from the lower substrate by a predetermined distance; A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer filled between upper substrates. The display device of claim 6, wherein each of the first viewing angle control cell portion and the second viewing angle control cell portion includes a lower substrate on which a first electrode is formed, an upper substrate on which a second electrode is spaced apart from the lower substrate by a predetermined distance, and the lower substrate and the upper portion of the second viewing angle control cell portion. A liquid crystal display device manufacturing method comprising a layer of organic material provided between the substrate. The method of claim 7, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode have the same size and the same shape, or have different sizes and different shapes. The method of claim 8, wherein the organic material layer is formed of poly acryl (PA) or BCB. The liquid crystal of the first and second electrode portions is driven, and the liquid crystals filled in the other portions are not driven when both the first viewing angle control cell portion and the second viewing angle control cell portion are driven. Liquid crystal display device manufacturing method. 12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11, wherein when the first viewing angle control cell portion and the second viewing angle control cell portion are both driven, the liquid crystals of the first and second electrode portions are driven and other liquid crystals are not driven. And a wide viewing angle is implemented in the front direction, and light is not transmitted in the left and right directions so that the viewing angle in the left and right directions is controlled. The display device of claim 6, wherein when the first viewing angle control cell unit is driven, the left or right viewing angle is controlled by driving the first viewing angle control cell unit and the second viewing angle control cell unit. When the second viewing angle control cell unit is driven, the right or left viewing angle opposite to the first viewing angle control cell unit is controlled, so that either of the front side and the left and right sides implements the wide viewing angle mode. .

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