KR101080314B1 - Method for charging data of prepaid subscriber subcribed with multi-different networks and system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a billing processing method and a system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks. In the billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber according to an embodiment of the present invention, in the billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks, the prepaid subscriber's prepaid balance for the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks is When the prepaid service is requested and started from the terminal through the access network, the prepaid balance of the access network may be updated by subtracting the charges incurred by using the prepaid service from the prepaid balance of the access network. And preferably, receiving the prepaid subscriber information including the access network information for the prepaid service initiation requested by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks; Identifying a prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for the prepaid subscriber; Calculating a fee incurred in using the prepaid service when the requested prepaid service is started; And updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting the fee calculated from the prepaid balance of the access network.

TBTM, WIFI, WiBro, WCDMA, Billing, Balance Transfer, SCP, IM-SCP, Prepay

Description

METHODS FOR CHARGING DATA OF PREPAID SUBSCRIBER SUBCRIBED WITH MULTI-DIFFERENT NETWORKS AND SYSTEM THEREOF}

The present invention relates to billing processing of prepaid subscribers, and more specifically, to manage the prepaid balance for a plurality of heterogeneous networks including WIFI network, WiBro network, and WCDMA network separately for each prepaid subscriber network, a plurality of heterogeneous networks When the prepaid service is used by the terminal supporting the terminal, the fee generated through the access network to which the terminal is connected is calculated and subtracted from the prepaid balance of the corresponding access network among the prepaid subscriber's network, thereby generating through a plurality of heterogeneous networks. The present invention relates to a billing processing method and system for prepaid subscribers that can charge bills for each access network and further convert the prepaid balance for each access network.

In general, in the WIFI network, WCDMA network or WiBro network, separate subscribers are operated in the form of processing charges for data services in real time.

Recently, a data service can be used in two or three networks through a DBDM terminal capable of providing both a WiBro network and a WCDMA network, and a TBTM terminal capable of providing both a WIFI network, a WCDMA network, and a WiBro network.

However, since the billing network is not integrated at present, there is a problem in that billing cannot be processed by integrating a plurality of heterogeneous network data services at the same time.

Accordingly, as the use of terminals supporting a plurality of heterogeneous networks increases in the future, it is necessary to process the charges generated by using the terminals integratedly.

An object according to an embodiment of the present invention, which was devised to solve the above problems, manages the balance of a prepaid subscriber for a terminal supporting a plurality of heterogeneous networks separately by managing the plurality of heterogeneous networks, and prepaid service through the terminal. Is used to subtract the usage fee from the prepaid balance of the access network, to provide a billing processing method and system for prepaid subscribers that can prepaid billing caused by a plurality of heterogeneous networks for each network.

In addition, another object according to an embodiment of the present invention, by enabling the prepaid balance of each prepaid subscriber's access network to be switched to each other, to prevent the blocking of prepaid services that may occur due to the exhaustion of the balance, thereby using the prepaid service To provide a prepaid subscriber billing processing method and system that can facilitate the convenience of prepaid subscribers.

In addition, another object according to an embodiment of the present invention, by calculating a fee generated by the use of prepaid service by applying a predetermined billing rate for each access network, prepaid subscribers can perform the billing processing according to various types of networks To provide a billing processing method and system thereof.

In addition, another object according to an embodiment of the present invention, by setting the use time or the amount of use of the prepaid service available for a certain period of time, it is possible to prevent or over-use the data service excessive use of the prepaid subscriber, It is possible to provide a variety of service products using the time or use amount, and to provide a method and system for processing the billing of prepaid subscribers that can generate profit through this.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a variety of service products that can calculate the prepaid service fee by applying the charge rate according to the location information of the prepaid subscriber using the prepaid service separately, the prepaid subscriber billing processing method that can be expected to generate profits and To provide that system.

In order to achieve the above object, a billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber according to an aspect of the present invention is a billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks, the prepaid subscriber for the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks Managing the prepaid balance of the plurality of heterogeneous networks separately, and when a prepaid service is requested from the terminal through the access network, the prepaid balance of the access network is deducted from the prepaid balance of the access network. You can update your prepaid balance.

Preferably, receiving the prepaid subscriber information including the access network information for the prepaid service start requested by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks; Identifying a prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for the prepaid subscriber; Calculating a fee incurred in using the prepaid service when the requested prepaid service is started; And updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting the fee calculated from the prepaid balance of the access network.

Preferably, the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks may be mutually switchable, and the mutual conversion between the prepaid balances may be performed by applying a billing rate set differently according to the plurality of heterogeneous networks.

Furthermore, calculating a use time of the prepaid service through the access network for a predetermined period; And comparing the calculated usage time with a reference time for the access network among preset reference times for each of the plurality of heterogeneous networks, and the requested prepaid service starts if the usage time is greater than or equal to the reference time. You can block it.

In addition, calculating the amount of use of the prepaid service through the access network for a predetermined period; And comparing the calculated use amount with a reference amount for the access network among preset reference amounts for each of the plurality of heterogeneous networks, and the requested prepaid service starts if the use amount is greater than or equal to the reference amount. You can block it.

Furthermore, the method may further include receiving base station information of the access network in which the prepaid subscriber requesting to start the prepaid service is located, and the calculating may include receiving received charge rates differently according to base station information of the access network. The charge may be calculated by applying the charging rate for the base station information.

In the billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber according to an aspect of the present invention, in the billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks, the prepaid balance of the access network connected by a terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks is checked, A prepaid billing processing server that controls whether or not to start a prepaid service requested by the terminal by using the prepaid balance of the access network, and updates and updates a fee incurred in accordance with the use of the prepaid service by subtracting the prepaid balance of the access network; It may include.

Preferably, the prepaid billing processing server comprises: a receiving unit for receiving prepaid subscriber information including the access network information for the prepaid service start requested by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks; A confirmation unit for checking a prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for the prepaid subscriber; A calculator configured to calculate a fee generated according to the use of the prepaid service when the requested prepaid service is started; And an updating unit for updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting the fee calculated from the prepaid balance of the access network.

Preferably, the method may further include a database configured to store prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for each prepaid subscriber, and the prepaid billing processing server may include the plurality of prepaid balances separated by the heterogeneous networks stored in the database. Differently set billing rates for heterogeneous networks can be applied to convert each other.

Preferably, the prepaid service management server may further include a prepaid service management server that calculates a fee generated according to the use of the prepaid service by applying a billing rate for the access network among the billing rates, and provides it to the prepaid billing processing server. .

Other objects and features of the present invention in addition to the above objects will be apparent from the description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In describing the present invention, when it is determined that the detailed description of the related well-known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Hereinafter, a billing processing method and a system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17.

1 shows a billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows a billing processing system for a WIFI network, a WiBro network, and a WCDMA network.

Of course, the plurality of heterogeneous networks are not limited to WIFI networks, WiBro networks, and WCDMA networks, and may include all networks capable of providing prepaid services, that is, prepaid data services. For example, CDMA networks and PSDN networks may be used. Can be mentioned.

Referring to FIG. 1, the prepaid subscriber's billing processing system includes a WIFI network system 110, an intelligent network system 120, and a WiBro network system 130.

TBTM terminal supporting WIFI network, WiBro network and WCDMA network can receive mobile Internet service in a small area according to WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) protocol through AP (Access Point) 111 of WIFI network, Through the Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) 121 of the WCDMA network, a wireless Internet service may be received according to the Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) protocol, and a TAP (Transit Access Point) of the WiBro network may also be used. A mobile Internet service may be received according to a WiBro (Wireless Broadband) protocol through a transmission access point (131).

In the present invention, if the TBTM terminal requests a prepaid service through any one of the WIFI network, WiBro network and WCDMA network, the client of the network, for example, ASN-GW for the WIFI network, GGSN, WiBro network for the WCDMA network In the case of A-server or ACR, it sends a message about the start of prepaid service to IM-SCP, and among the prepaid balances separated by prepaid subscriber's network for the TBTM terminal by communication between IM-SCP and SCP, When the prepaid service is initiated through the prepaid balance, the charges used in the access network are calculated in real time using the preset billing rate for the access network, and the charge is deducted from the prepaid balance of the access network until the end of the session. Prepaid billing for the prepaid service generated in the access network can be processed.

The WIFI network system 110 connected to the AP 111 includes an ASN-GW (Access Service Node Gateway) 112 and an AAA (Authentication / Authority / Accounting) server 133.

The ASN-GW 112 maintains and manages the information of the accessing terminal, the IP routing and mobility management function, authentication and security function, QoS provision function, IP multicast function, billing service provision function for the billing server, ASN- The present invention provides a handover function, a resource management and a control function between GWs, etc. The present invention provides a prepaid service requested from a TBTM terminal using a WIFI network as an access network through interworking with the intelligent network system 120.

The AAA server 134 is described in the WiBro network system.

The WiBro network system 130 connected to the TAP 131 includes an A-Server (Aggregation Server) 132, an Automatic Calling Router (ACR) 133, an AAA Server 134, and a PSG (Packet). Service Gateway) system 135, the AAA server 134 may be commonly used with the AAA server of the WIFI network system 110.

The ACR 133 performs a radio resource management (RRM) function and a handover function to support mobility between cells according to scheduling of radio resources of the WiBro network to control communication between subscriber stations. IP packet traffic (packet traffic) is routed to properly send and receive to the destination terminal of the location.

The AAA server 134 manages intelligent network subscriber information (number, name, terminal profile such as terminal type, etc. for a TBTM terminal using a WCDMA network in parallel) as information on a TBTM combined fee product in a WIFI network and a WiBro network. In order to charge a combined fee for WIFI network use, WiBro network use and WCDMA network use for TBTM terminals, intelligent subscriber information managed by the AAA server is linked to accounts for prepaid subscribers, some or all of which are managed by SCP. Can be managed.

In addition, the AAA server 134 not only performs connection authentication with the WIFI network and the WIBRO network of the TBTM terminal based on the intelligent network subscriber information in the WIFI network and the WiBro network, but also performs interworking with the intelligent network system in the A-server through such authentication. Session information (destination / destination address, control information, service type, etc.) for the call processing of the corresponding data service, so that the prepayment processing or cut-off function of the TBTM terminal can be achieved through Forward to A-server 132.

The PSG system 135 analyzes data transmitted and received at the L3 / L4 layer by mirroring all data (destination / destination address, control information, service type, data, etc.) routed through the ACR in the WiBro network. As a system, the billing CDRs for the L3 / L4 layer are periodically generated and transferred to the A-server 132 for aggregation by the A-server 132.

The A-server 132 is a system that collects the session information generated in the AAA server 133 and the charging CDR generated in the PSG system 135 in the WiBro network, in the present invention L3 / L4 layer according to the prepaid service start The billing data is processed in conjunction with the intelligent network system 120 of the WCDMA network.

The intelligent network system 120 connected with the GGSN 121 includes an Internet Protocol (IP) Multimedia subsystem-Service Control Point (IM-SCP) 122, a database 124, and a Service Control SCP. Point: a service control point) 123.

IM-SCP 122 requests that the request by the TBTM terminal subscriber corresponding to the prepaid subscriber is a client of each network, that is, ASN-GW 112 of the WIFI network, A-server 132 or ACR 133 of the WiBro network and When received from any one of the GGSN 121 of the WCDMA network to provide the pre-subscriber information including the information about the access network to the SCP 123, the response to it from the SCP 123, for example, to provide the requested prepaid service If a response is received, the TBTM terminal may receive a prepaid service through the access network by transmitting a message allowing the prepaid service to the corresponding client.

Here, the IM-SCP 122 receives the packet amount using the prepaid service in real time from the client of the access network requesting the prepaid service, and calculates the prepaid service fee by applying a predetermined billing rate for each network to the received packet amount. After that, it is sent to SCP 123 to update the prepaid balance of the network.

In addition, the IM-SCP 122 may provide the SCP 123 with the SCP 123 the location information of the prepaid subscriber where the terminal is located, for example, the base station information of the access network that initially requested the start of the prepaid service. Here, the location information of the prepaid subscriber is calculated by the IM-SCP 122 at the SCP 123 and received when the subscriber is subscribed to the prepaid subscriber's preset plan or product, for example, when the user is subscribed to a location-based discount service. The fee for using the service may be used to recalculate a separate charging rate corresponding to location information.

Furthermore, the IM-SCP 122 may notify the client of the access network that the data call processing is restricted by the control by the SCP 123 when the prepaid subscriber's prepaid balance of the access network is exhausted or meets certain conditions. .

The database 124 stores the prepaid balances for each prepaid subscriber. The prepaid balances are stored separately for each network supported by the TBTM terminal.

That is, the database 124 is a network account (WCDMA account, WIFI account, WiBro account) that can be supported by the terminal for the prepaid subscriber and the prepaid balance of the WIFI network (WiBro network), as shown in the example shown in FIG. Prepaid balance and prepaid balance of the WCDMA network).

Further, the database 124 may include fields and schedules for storing an upper limit time or an upper limit amount in case a prepaid subscriber is subscribed to a service for an upper limit time or an upper limit amount available for a certain period of time (eg, one month). It may further include a field for storing the use time or the amount of use using the prepaid service during the period.

Here, the prepaid balances of the prepaid subscribers stored in the database may be mutually switched under the control of SCP, and the mutual conversions of the prepaid balances may be converted in consideration of the billing rates of the nets. For example, the WIFI network balance 10 [MB] and the WCDMA network balance 5 [MB] may be interchanged.

SCP 123 receives prepaid subscriber information including access network information of TBTM terminal which requested prepaid service from IM-SCP 122, retrieves prepaid balance for the prepaid subscriber's access network from database 124, and TBTM terminal The prepaid service usage fee used through the access network is received from the IM-SCP 122 and subtracted from the searched prepaid balance of the access network, thereby updating the prepaid balance of the access network.

In this case, SCP (123) may be discounted by recalculating the amount of the prepaid service to be subtracted from the prepaid balance of the access network by applying a separate billing rate. For example, the prepaid subscriber is a preset service. Assuming that a separate billing rate applies when a subscriber is subscribed to a plan or product, the server 123 uses prepaid subscriber information to provide subscriber information whether the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to a preset service plan or product ( (Not shown), and when the corresponding prepaid subscriber is subscribed to the corresponding service plan or product, the fee for using the prepaid service received from the IM-SCP 122 is recalculated using a predetermined predetermined charging rate. After that, by subtracting the recalculated charges from the prepaid balance of the access network, the prepaid balance of the access network can be updated. There is also.

In addition, SCP 123 may convert the prepaid balances of the prepaid subscribers stored in the database to each other, and the ratio of the prepaid balances to be converted may be based on a predetermined billing rate for each network. As such, the SCP 123 may not be able to provide the prepaid service requested by the TBTM terminal with only the prepaid balance remaining in the access network (e.g., WCDMA network) or remaining prepaid balance. The prepaid balance of) is to be filled with the prepaid balance of the access network, so that the requested prepaid service can be provided to the prepaid subscriber for the convenience of the prepaid subscriber. Of course, SCP (123) may perform the mutual conversion of the prepaid balance by network, when the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to a specific service plan, etc., the conditions such as the degree of the prepaid balance to be converted and the restrictions of the particular subscriber provides the present invention Can be determined by the operator.

In addition, SCP 123 receives the base station information of the access network initially connected to the prepaid service request corresponding to the location information of the TBTM terminal, that is, the location information of the prepaid subscriber, from the IM-SCP 122, and by access network and base station information. The prepaid service fee received from the IM-SCP 122 may be recalculated by separately applying a predetermined charge rate, and this condition may also be applied to a specific service plan or a product such as location-based discount service. It can be applied to a subscription, and this can provide additional various plans and products for prepaid services, thereby creating profitability.

In addition, SCP (123) restricts the use time or amount of use of the prepaid service for each access network to restrict the use of the prepaid service if the prepaid subscriber spends more than a limited upper limit for a certain period of time or uses more than a limited upper limit. Damage due to use can be reduced, and the limited use time or amount of money can be set differently for each access network or can be set integrally for all access networks. In this case, the use time or the amount of use restrictions for a certain period of time may be set through a specific service plan, a fare product, a flat coupon, and the like, through which various prepaid service plans, products, coupons, etc. can be released, and thus It can increase profitability.

As such, SCP 123 provides various prepaid services such as text messaging services such as Internet homepage access, data download / upload, voice call using wireless / portable internet, SMS / MMS, etc. through a plurality of heterogeneous networks supported by TBTM terminals. The charges incurred by using the service are deducted from the prepaid balance for each access network for the prepaid subscriber, and it is calculated by separately applying the specific billing rate set for each access network to the prepaid subscriber by determining the case of subscription to various service plans or products. Thus, various types of prepaid services may be provided.

This, SCP will be described in more detail with reference to FIG.

3 shows an embodiment configuration for the SCP shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, the SCP 123 includes a receiver 310, a checker 320, a comparator 330, a controller 340, a determiner 350, a calculator 360, and an updater 370. And a switching unit 380.

The receiver 310 receives prepaid subscriber information including information in the access network connected to receive the prepaid service requested by the TBTM terminal from the IM-SCP, and furthermore, the base station information of the access network where the TBTM terminal is located, that is, the prepaid subscriber's information. Location information may also be received.

In this case, the location information of the prepaid subscriber is used by applying a separate billing rate only to the prepaid subscribers subscribed to a service plan such as a location-based discount service, etc. It can be used to recalculate the charges, and the location information of these prepaid subscribers can be received together with the prepaid subscriber information upon request of the prepaid service, or the prepaid service calculated by applying the charging rate of the access network from IM-SCP. It may be received together with the usage fee.

The verification unit 320 searches the database using the access network information and the prepaid subscriber information received by the receiver 310 to check the prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances of the prepaid subscribers.

In this case, the verification unit 320 may check the prepaid balance of the access network by searching the access network account in the network account field stored in the database, and searching the prepaid balance matched with the access network account.

The switching unit 380 converts the prepaid balances separated for each network of the prepaid subscribers stored in the database. For example, when the check unit 320 finds it difficult to provide the prepaid service requested by the TBTM terminal, When the prepaid balance of the access network (e.g., WCDMA network) is exhausted, the prepaid balance of another network (e.g., WIFI network or WiBro network) with remaining balance may be converted into the prepaid balance of the access network. In this case, the prepaid balance converted into the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network may be a prepaid balance of the WIFI network, the prepaid balance of the WiBro network, or a part of the prepaid balance of both networks may be converted into the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network.

The comparator 330 is configured to determine whether a service is available for the prepaid service requested by the TBTM terminal, and compares the amount of the prepaid service to be used by the terminal with the prepaid balance of the access network that requested the prepaid service. You can also determine whether it is possible.

Furthermore, the comparator 330 may subscribe to a plan or a product for which the corresponding prepaid subscriber can receive a service for a certain period of time, for example, or to use a certain amount of money for a certain period of time. In this case, it is possible to determine whether the prepaid service is available by comparing the total amount of the sum of the prepaid service to be used and the predetermined base amount or by comparing the total time of use plus the time of the prepaid service to be used and the predetermined base time. have.

Here, when a plan or a product that can receive a certain amount of time or a certain amount of services for a certain period is subscribed to each network, the comparison unit 330 compares only when the subscription is made by determining whether or not a certain amount of time or a certain amount of services are subscribed to the access network. As a result, it is possible to determine whether the prepaid service is available through the access network, or it can be determined by the prepaid subscriber rather than by the network.

The controller 340 may provide the prepaid service requested from the terminal through the access network or block the start of the prepaid service according to the comparison result by the comparator 330.

For example, if the amount of the prepaid service to be used is more than the prepaid balance of the corresponding access network, the controller 340 transmits a message indicating that the prepaid service cannot be started to the IM-SCP, and thus it is impossible to start the client from the IM-SCP to the corresponding client. The transmission may block the start of the prepaid service requested by the TBTM terminal through the access network.

The determination unit 350 determines whether the prepaid subscriber who requested the prepaid service is subscribed to a preset service plan or product.

In this case, the preset service plan or product is for determining whether the prepaid subscriber is required to recalculate the fee by reapplying a specific billing rate to the fee generated according to the prepaid service received from IM-SCP. You can judge by network or by prepaid subscriber.

The determination unit 350 may perform a determination on whether a predetermined service plan or a product is subscribed to when the prepaid subscriber information is received by the receiver 310, or use the prepaid service from the IM-SCP after the prepaid service is started. At the time point of receiving the use amount according to the decision whether to join may be performed.

The calculator 360 calculates a fee for using the prepaid service used by the prepaid subscriber. The calculator 360 receives a fee calculated by applying a primary billing rate according to the access network from the IM-SCP, and is determined by the determiner 350. Based on the results, additional secondary charge rates are applied to calculate the actual rates.

At this time, when the determination unit 350 determines that the prepaid subscriber is a prepaid subscriber who does not apply the second billing rate, the calculation unit 360 calculates the charge received from the IM-SCP as the actual charge, and If the prepaid subscriber is determined to be a prepaid subscriber to which the second billed rate is applied, the actual fee may be calculated by applying the second billed rate set for the prepaid subscriber.

The second billing rate applied by the calculation unit 360 may be different according to the location information of the prepaid subscriber who requested the prepaid service, which subscribes to a service plan or a product that allows the prepaid subscriber to receive a discount service based on location. If so, a differential fee is to apply depending on the location. Of course, not only discount services based on location but also differential rates may be applied according to time, which may also be applied to a service plan or a product that can receive discount services over time. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art through.

The updater 370 updates the prepaid balance of the corresponding access network by subtracting the usage fee associated with the use of the prepaid service calculated by the calculator 360 from the prepaid balance of the corresponding access network.

Of course, the item updated by the updater 370 is not limited to the prepaid subscriber's corresponding access network prepaid balance, and may be different depending on the prepaid subscriber's subscribed service plan or product.

Although the prepaid balance described in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 has been described only as an amount of money, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may include all kinds that may be deducted and updated according to a prepaid service such as a packet amount corresponding to the amount.

As such, the billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber according to an embodiment of the present invention separates and manages the prepaid subscriber's prepaid balance for a TBTM terminal for each network, and manages the usage fee when the prepaid service is used through the terminal. By subtracting the prepaid balance, charges incurred by a plurality of heterogeneous networks can be prepaid for each network.

In addition, the prepaid balance of each network can be switched to prevent the blocking of prepaid services that may occur due to the exhaustion of the balance of the network, thereby facilitating the convenience of prepaid subscribers who use the prepaid service. By applying the billing rates differently for each access network, the prepaid billing process can be performed according to various types of network, and various products such as location-based discount service or time-based discount service of prepaid subscribers are provided. Profitability can be further improved.

Such a charging processing operation in the system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 11.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a billing processing method when a TBTM terminal of a prepaid subscriber accesses a WiBro network. When a TBTM terminal accesses a WiBro network and uses a data service of an L3 / L4 layer, FIG. Process through interworking between A-server and IM-SCP for real-time prepaid data service. Flow Based Charging is performed on the traffic of the L3 / L4 layer.

As shown in FIG. 4, for the call processing of the prepaid data service, between the A-server, the IM-SCP, and the SCP, an initialization process (S410 to S419), an update process (S420 to S427), and an end process (S430). To S436).

In detail, first, in the initialization process, when an idle TBTM terminal accesses a WiBro network to start a prepaid service, that is, request a real-time prepaid data service (S410), the A-server AAA server. It collects the session information about the traffic of the data service from the and periodically sends a CCR [Initial] message to the IM-SCP for interworking with the intelligent network system (S411).

Here, the CCR [Initial] (Credit Control Request [Initial]) message is a message for requesting a prepaid balance inquiry for Credit Control (prepaid balance management) during the initialization of the CCR message (prepaid balance management request message), that is, a prepaid payment. Corresponds to the balance inquiry request message.

This CCR [Initial] message includes a Service-Context-ID, which indicates service context ID attribute value pair (AVP) information, such as WLAN.08.450.7.32252@3gpp.org, as shown in FIG. 1) Subscription-Id Data AVP, which represents AVP information for subscriber ID, such as Credit Control (Request-Type) AVP, and subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815). IN-Service AVP indicating AVP information for a service type such as a pre-paid service type (IN-Service), and IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating AVP information for a billing ID such as an IMS Charging ID (ICID).

When the IM-SCP receives the CCR [Initial] message, it identifies the call processing originated from the WiBro network by referring to the WLAN value of the Service-Context-ID as above, and calculates the charging rate of the WiBro network among the predetermined billing rates for each network. Can be applied to prepaid billing.

At this time, the A-Server does not error-process the case where the service ID (for example, data service, etc.) indicating the service type is omitted in the CCR [Initial] message of the above format. Depending on the call processing can proceed.

The IM-SCP then sends a message to the SCP to query the prepaid balance of the WiBro network for the prepaid subscriber, for example, a Remains Request [Get], where the access network information (eg For example, NAS (Network Access Server) Type = WiBro may be included and transmitted (S412).

Furthermore, when transmitting a Remains Request [Get], the IM-SCP may further transmit not only WiBro network information, which is an access network, but also location information where a TBTM terminal is located, that is, base station information of the access network, and the base station information is prepaid. When a subscriber is subscribed to a location-based discount service, it is used to calculate a fee based on the data usage of the prepaid service.

SCP uses the prepaid subscriber and access network information included in the Remains Request [Get] sent from IM-SCP to check the prepaid balance information available in the WiBro network of the prepaid subscriber stored in the database, and checks the prepaid balance information of the WiBro network. The packet size available through the calculation is calculated and included in a response message, for example, a Remains Response [Account], and transmitted to the IM-SCP (S413).

Accordingly, the IM-SCP sends a message requesting prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU) via the CCR [Initial] message, for example, Reserve Request [Reserve] to the SCP ( S414), SCP compares the reservation amount included in the Reserve Request [Reserve] with the prepaid balance of the WiBro network (S415), if the prepaid balance is less than the reservation amount, the other prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber, that is, the prepaid balance of the WIFI network, WCDMA After charging at least one of the network's prepaid balances to the prepaid balance of the WiBro network (S416), the result message for the reservation request indicating that the prepaid balance reservation has been made, for example, a Reserve Response is transmitted to the IM-SCP. (S417).

Here, the manganese prepaid balance conversion may be converted in consideration of a preset billing rate for each network.

Of course, SCP transmits a Reserve Response to IM-SCP indicating that a prepaid balance reservation has been made even if the prepaid balance is greater than the reservation amount as a result of step S415 (S417).

In this case, the function of converting and charging manganese prepaid balance may be automatically performed by SCP, but may only be performed when the corresponding function is set by the prepaid subscriber. Of course, the prepaid balance to be converted may be limited, and the number of times may also be limited. Furthermore, when the priority of each network is set to convert the prepaid balance, the prepaid balance may be switched according to the priority, or the prepaid balance of several networks may be simultaneously converted.

The IM-SCP then sends a message to the A-server, for example, a CCA [Initial] message, to lower the serviced unit (GSU) assigned to the prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU). Send to the A-server (S418).

The CCA [Initial] (Credit Control Answer [Initial]) message corresponds to a message responding to the inquiry of the prepaid balance of the access network for credit control during the initialization process among the CCA messages (prepaid balance management response message).

At this time, if the service ID (eg, data service, etc.) indicating the service type is omitted in the CCR [Initial] message, the IM-SCP may use the service ID for WiBro defined in the CCA [Initial] message (eg, Data service XXX) can be stored and transmitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the CCA [Initial] message includes a billing process such as Result-Code AVP indicating an AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), periodic charging (Initial Request = 1), and the like. AVP information such as CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for a period, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple services, and two (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end). Credit-control-failure-handling (CCFH).

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of allocated data services (GSUs), such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Granted-Service-Unit (GSU) (nth) for information, CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for available packet size, Service-Identifier AVP for AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX) Validity-Time, which represents AVP information about the message repetition transmission period, such as the interim cycle time (for example, the CCR [Update] message transmission period in the A-server), and the overall session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Result-Code AVP indicating the AVP information is included.

The A-Server receives the CCA [Initial] message from the IM-SCP and downloads the service unit (GSU) assigned to the MSCC according to the prepaid balance reservation process in the SCP for the requested service unit (RSU). In this case, the corresponding data service is opened as much as the available packet size according to CC-Total-Octets so that the ACR can perform necessary routing (S419).

For example, if a prepaid balance in the WiBro network is insufficient due to prepaid balance reservation processing, that is, if there are no prepaid balances available for conversion, other SCPs will be allocated that GSU in IM-SCP as much as the remaining prepaid balance. IM-SCP may notify the A-Server that it is the last GSU by setting the Final Unit Action (FUA) of the Final Unit Indication (FUI) indicating the CCA message level to 'Terminate'. . If there is no remaining prepaid balance on the WiBro network for the service, the MSC's GSU will not be allocated.

Next, the service is used for the allocated GSU by the available packet size, and the FUA (Final Unit Action) of the Final Unit Indication (FUI) indicating the CCA message level from the IM-SCP is " ended " While not receiving the CCA message set to 'terminate', an update process is performed.

In the update process, the A-server sends a CCR [Update] message to the IM-SCP and requests an update of the data service (S420).

Here, the CCR [Update] (Credit Control Request [Update]) message corresponds to a message for requesting a prepaid balance update for credit control (prepaid balance management) during the update process among the CCR messages (prepaid balance management request message).

As shown in FIG. 7, the CCR [Update] message includes a Service-Context-ID indicating service context ID attribute value pair (AVP) information such as WLAN.08.450.7.32252@3gpp.org, and periodic charging (Update Request = 2). CC-Request-Type AVP that indicates AVP information about the cycle of billing process, etc., and it is used together with session ID to distinguish one session to provide a unique value for credit-control (CC) messages. Subscription-Id Data AVP indicating the AVP information for the subscriber ID such as CC-Request-Number AVP indicating the AVP information for increasing (INITIAL_REQUEST, EVENT_REQUEST increasing by 0, then 1 by UPDATE_REQUEST), subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815), etc. , IN-Service AVP and ICID (IMS Charging ID), which represent AVP information for service types such as Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) and Intelligent Network Prepaid Service Type (IN-Service). )Wow IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating the AVP information for the same billing ID is included.

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of requested data services (RSUs) such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Requested-Service-Unit (RSU) (nth) for information, USP (Used Service Unit) CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for used packet size, and AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX). Service-Identifier AVP and the like that are shown.

At this time, the IM-SCP may process normally even when the CCR [Update] is received before the CCA [Update]. That is, even if IM-SCP continuously receives CCR [Update] from the A-server before sending the CCA [Update] to the A-server, this processing is normally processed.

Thereafter, the IM-SCP requests and responds to the prepaid subscriber's WiBro network prepaid balance inquiry and prepaid balance reservation similarly to steps S412 to S417 (S421 to S426).

For example, when IM-SCP sends a message for prepaid balance inquiry to SCP, for example, Remains Request [Get], the network information sent from the WiBro network (for example, NAS (Network Access Server) Type = WiBro) is included and transmitted (S421).

Accordingly, SCP uses the prepaid subscriber and access network information included in the Remains Request [Get] sent from IM-SCP to check the prepaid balance information available in the prepaid subscriber's WiBro network, and prepaid the WiBro network. The available packet size is calculated using the balance information, and is included in a response message, for example, a Remains Response [Account], and transmitted to the IM-SCP (S422).

Accordingly, the IM-SCP sends a message requesting prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU) via the CCR [Update] message, for example, Reserve Request [Reserve] to the SCP ( S423), SCP compares the reservation amount included in the Reserve Request [Reserve] with the prepaid balance of the WiBro network (S424), if the prepaid balance is less than the reservation amount, the other prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber, that is, the prepaid balance of the WIFI network, WCDMA After charging at least one of the network's prepaid balances to the prepaid balance of the WiBro network (S425), the result message for the reservation request indicating that the prepaid balance reservation has been made, for example, a Reserve Response is transmitted to the IM-SCP. (S426).

Of course, SCP transmits a Reserve Response to IM-SCP indicating that a prepaid balance reservation has been made even if the prepaid balance is greater than the reservation amount as a result of step S424 (S426).

At this time, when requesting a prepaid balance reservation for the RSU (Requested Service Unit) requested in the CCR [Update] message in step S423, it goes up through the CCR [Update] than the GSU lowered through the CCA message to the interworking A-server. IM-SCP sends a Reserve Request [Reserve] to allow service even when the USU (Used Service Unit) (used packet size) exceeds the prepaid balance (remaining packet size) of the WiBro network. At this time, if the prepaid balance is exhausted during the service, that is, there is no prepaid balance that can be switched and there is no more packet size available, IM-SCP does not send a Reserve Request [Reserve] and the A-Server. From the FUA indicating the CCA message level is waiting for a CCR message (CCR [Terminate]) set to Terminate, and receives a CCR [Terminate] for the last used balance, for example, a message for billing. Send Request [Debit] to SCP.

In addition to this case, the incomplete call when the IM-SCP does not receive a CCR [Terminate] due to a failure or the like shall be charged for.

Thereafter, the intelligent network IM-SCP sends a message to the A-server to allocate a service unit (GSU) assigned with a prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU), for example, CCA [Update]. ] Transmits the message to the A-server (S427). The CCA [Update] (Credit Control Answer [Update]) message corresponds to a message responding to prepaid balance update for Credit Control during the update process among the CCA messages (prepaid balance management response message).

In this case, in the case where a service ID (eg, data service) indicating a service type is omitted in a CCR [Update] message, the intelligent network IM-SCP may use a service ID for WiBro (eg, a service ID defined in a CCA [Update] message). For example, data service XXX) can be recorded and transmitted.

As illustrated in FIG. 8, the CCA [Update] message includes a result processing code such as Result-Code AVP indicating AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), periodic charging (Update Request = 2), and the like. CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for period, CC-Request-Number AVP indicating AVP information for periodic billing serial number, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple service And Credit-Control-Failure-Handling (CCFH) indicating AVP information, such as two times (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end).

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of allocated data services (GSUs), such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Granted-Service-Unit (GSU) (nth) for information, CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for available packet size, Service-Identifier AVP for AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX) Validity-Time, which represents AVP information about the message repetition transmission period, such as the interim cycle time (for example, the CCR [Update] message transmission period in the A-server), and the overall session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Result-Code AVP indicating the AVP information is included.

In this way, the A-Server receives a CCA [Update] message from the IM-SCP, and if the A-Server downloads the service unit (GSU) allocated to the MSCC again according to the prepaid balance reservation process in the SCP for the requested service unit (RSU). In addition, the corresponding data service is reopened as much as the available packet size according to CC-Total-Octets for the corresponding TBTM terminal so that the ACR may perform necessary routing.

Next, while the A-server does not receive a CCA message set by the FUA (Final Unit Action) indicating the CCA message level from the IM-SCP to 'Terminate', the updating processes S420 to S427 are repeated. . The service is used up to the available packet size for the assigned GSU, and the A-server receives a CCA message with the Final Unit Action (FUA) indicating the CCA message level from the IM-SCP set to 'Terminate'. Finally, the end process (S430 to S436) is made. The termination process (S430 to S436) is performed even when a request for termination of service is received from the TBTM terminal of the prepaid subscriber.

In the termination process, the A-server transmits a CCR [Terminate] message to the IM-SCP to request termination of the data service (S430). When multiple data services are used in one session, multiple MSCCs can be used for CCR [Terminate] to prepaid billing for the usage during the CCA [Terminate] after the previous CCA [Update]. The CCR [Terminate] (Credit Control Request [Terminate]) message corresponds to a message for requesting a prepaid balance deduction of a corresponding network for credit control (prepaid balance management) during the termination of the CCR message (prepaid balance management request message).

As shown in FIG. 9, the CCR [Terminate] message includes a Service-Context-ID indicating service context ID attribute value pair (AVP) information such as WLAN.08.450.7.32252@3gpp.org, and Terminate Request = 3. Subscription-Id Data AVP, which represents AVP information for subscriber ID such as Credit Control (Request-Type) AVP, subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815), etc. Such as IN-Service AVP and ICS (IMS Charging ID), which represent AVP information for a service type, such as Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC), which represents AVP information for a service, or IN-Service. IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating AVP information for the billing ID, Credit-Control-Failure-Handling (CCFH) indicating AVP information such as two times (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end), and the like.

Here again, n Multiple-Services-Credit-Controls can be repeated, each of which has AVP information for the number of used data services, such as the first, second .. n-th data service, etc. Used-Service-Unit (USU) (nth), CC-Total-Octets indicating AVP information about the used packet size since the last CCR [Update], Service- indicating the service ID such as data service (XXX) Identifier AVP and the like.

Upon receiving the CCR [Terminate] message, the IM-SCP sends a message requesting the prepaid balance deduction of the WiBro network to the intelligent network SCP, for example, Debit Request [Debit] (S431). As a result, SCP deducts a fee for the amount of packets used from the prepaid subscriber's WiBro network prepaid balance and updates the available packet size.

At this time, SCP receives the usage fee according to the packet size used by the TBTM terminal calculated by applying the preset charging rate of the WiBro network as the access network in IM-SCP, and deducts the usage fee from the prepaid subscriber's prepaid balance of the WiBro network. You can also update your prepaid balance, but if a separate billing rate is pre-set for that prepaid subscriber, you can recalculate the fee by reapplying the billing rate, so that you can get a discount on the fee and recalculate the fee. By subtracting, the prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber may be updated (S432 to S434).

For example, SCP searches for in conjunction with a subscriber information providing server (not shown) whether the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to a preset service plan or product that can apply a new billing rate (secondary billing rate) (S432). If the user is subscribed to the established service plan or product, by applying the second charge rate to the charge received from IM-SCP, the actual charge is recalculated (S433), which is recalculated from the prepaid subscriber's WiBro network prepaid balance. The prepaid balance of the WiBro network is updated by deducting the fee (S434).

Furthermore, the SCP may receive the location information of the TBTM terminal from the IM-SCP and apply a discount service according to the location information, wherein the received location information of the TBTM terminal is base station information of the WiBro network where the TBTM terminal requested the prepaid service. Can be. In other words, when the location-based discount service is applied to all prepaid subscribers, SCP may recalculate the actual usage fee by reapplying the charging rate of the corresponding location information among the charging rates differently set according to the location information. Of course, this may apply to all prepaid subscribers, but the billing rate may be reapplied only to certain prepaid subscribers, for example, prepaid subscribers of location-based discount services. In this case, when SCP receives location information from IM-SCP, it can be received at the time of receiving Reserve Request [Reserve], which is a message requesting prepaid balance reservation, and Debit Request [ Debit] may be received at the time of receiving, and thus, the receiving time of the location information may be received at a specific time before deducting the prepaid balance of the WiBro network.

As such, SCP recalculates the actual usage fee according to the use of packet data by applying billing rates by various plan services or products through linkage with a server providing subscriber information and a server providing location information of a base station. This allows you to update your prepaid balance for the prepaid subscriber's network.

When the IM-SCP receives a response message for the result of deducting the prepaid balance from the SCP, for example, Debit Request [Cost information] (S435), the IM-SCP receives information on the total usage amount of the data service being managed and the total data usage. The use of the prepaid service of the TBTM terminal is terminated by transmitting a CCA [Terminate] message to the A-server on the basis of step S436. The CCA [Terminate] (Credit Control Answer [Terminate]) message corresponds to a message that responds to the prepaid balance deduction for credit control (prepaid balance management) during the termination of the CCA message (prepaid balance management response message).

CCA [Terminate] does not include CCFH. The A-server may configure a predetermined CDR (charging information) based on a CCA [Terminate] message and transmit it to a charging server (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 10, a CCA [Terminate] message includes a Result-Code AVP indicating an AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), a periodic charging (Terminate Request = 3), and the like. CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for a period, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple services, Cost-Information indicating AVP information for cost information, and the like.

Here, n may be repeated in the Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, and in each Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, a Service representing AVP information about a service ID such as the first and second .. n-th data service (XXX) is provided. -Identifier AVP, Result-Code AVP indicating the AVP information to be registered for the session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Cost-Information includes Unit-Value representing AVP information for the total amount used, Currency-Code representing AVP information for the currency type, such as KRW: 410, Cost-Unit representing AVP information for the total data usage, etc. .

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a billing processing method when a TBTM terminal of a prepaid subscriber accesses a WCDMA network, and when a TBTM terminal accesses a WCDMA network to use a data service of an L3 / L4 layer. It is processed through interworking between GGSN and IM-SCP for real-time prepaid data service. Flow Based Charging is performed on the traffic of the L3 / L4 layer.

When a TBTM terminal accesses a WCDMA network and uses a data service of an L3 / L4 layer, an initialization process is performed between GGSN, IM-SCP, and SCP, as shown in FIG. 11, for call processing of a prepaid data service at this time. S1110 to S1119), update processes S1120 to S1127, and termination processes S1130 to S1136 are performed.

In detail, first, when the Idle state TBTM terminal accesses the WCDMA network to initiate a prepaid service, that is, request a real-time prepaid data service (S1110), the GGSN transmits a CCR [Initial] message in real time to prepaid. The balance is requested to be deducted (S1111).

As shown in FIG. 12, the CCR [Initial] message includes a Service-Context-ID indicating service context ID attribute value pair (AVP) information such as PS.08.450.7.32251@3gpp.org, and Initial Request = 1. Subscription-Id Data AVP, which represents AVP information for subscriber ID such as Credit Control (Request-Type) AVP, subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815), etc. Such as IN-Service AVP and ICS (IMS Charging ID), which represent AVP information for a service type, such as Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC), which represents AVP information for a service, or IN-Service. IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating the AVP information for the billing ID is included.

Here, n may be repeated in the Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, and in each Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, the AVP for the number of requested data services (RSU) such as the first, second .. n-th data service, etc. Requested-Service-Unit (RSU) (nth) representing information, Service-Identifier AVP representing AVP information for service ID such as data service XXX, and the like.

When the IM-SCP receives the CCR [Initial] message, it identifies the call processing originated from the WCDMA network by referring to the PS value of the Service-Context-ID as described above, and selects the charging rate of the WCDMA network among preset charging rates for each network. Can be applied to prepaid billing.

Next, the IM-SCP transmits a message for inquiry of the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network to the corresponding prepaid subscriber, that is, the TBTM terminal subscriber, for example, Remains Request [Get], to the SCP (S1112). Can be transmitted including the requested access network information (for example, NAS (Network Access Server) Type = WCDMA).

Furthermore, when transmitting a Remains Request [Get], the IM-SCP may further include not only WCDMA network information but also location information where a TBTM terminal is located, that is, base station information of a corresponding access network. In case of subscribing to location-based discount service, it is used to recalculate the actual usage fee according to the data usage of prepaid service.

SCP uses the prepaid subscriber and access network information included in the Remains Request [Get] sent from IM-SCP to check the prepaid balance information available in the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network stored in the database, and checks the prepaid balance information of the WCDMA network. The packet size available through the calculation is calculated and included in a response message, for example, a Remains Response [Account], and transmitted to the IM-SCP (S1113).

Accordingly, the IM-SCP sends a message requesting prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU) via the CCR [Initial] message, for example, Reserve Request [Reserve] to the SCP ( S1114), SCP compares the reservation amount included in the Reserve Request [Reserve] with the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network (S1115), if the prepaid balance is less than the reservation amount, the other prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber, that is, the prepaid balance of the WIFI network, WiBro After converting at least one of the prepaid balances of the network to the prepaid balances of the WCDMA network and charging (S1116), a result message for a reservation request indicating that a prepaid balance reservation has been made, for example, a Reserve Response is transmitted to the IM-SCP. (S1117).

Here, the manganese prepaid balance conversion may be converted in consideration of a preset billing rate for each network.

Of course, the SCP transmits a Reserve Response to IM-SCP indicating that the prepaid balance reservation is made even when the prepaid balance is greater than the reservation amount as a result of the determination in step S1115 (S1117).

Thereafter, the IM-SCP sends a message, for example, a CCA [Initial] message, to lower the service unit (GSU) assigned to the prepaid balance reservation to the GGSN for the requested service unit (RSU) as described above. Transmit to GGSN (S1118).

At this time, for a case where a service ID (eg, data service, etc.) indicating a service type is omitted in a CCR [Initial] message, IM-SCP uses a service ID for WCDMA defined in a CCA [Initial] message. For example, data service XXX) can be recorded and transmitted.

As shown in FIG. 13, a CCA [Initial] message includes a result-code AVP indicating an AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), a charging process such as periodic charging (Initial Request = 1), and the like. AVP information such as CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for a period, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple services, and two (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end). Credit-control-failure-handling (CCFH).

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of allocated data services (GSUs), such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Granted-Service-Unit (GSU) (nth) for information, CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for available packet size, Service-Identifier AVP for AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX) , Validity-Time indicating the AVP information about the message repetition transmission period such as the interim cycle time (for example, the CCR [Update] message transmission period in GGSN), AVP information on the overall session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Result-Code AVP, etc., indicating

As such, when the GGSN receives a CCA [Initial] message from the IM-SCP and downloads the service unit (GSU) assigned to the MSCC according to the prepaid balance reservation process in SCP for the requested service unit (RSU), the corresponding TBTM The corresponding data service is allowed to the terminal as much as the usable packet size according to CC-Total-Octets (open), so that the RAN (Radio Access Network) in the WCDMA network can perform necessary routing (S1119). .

For example, if a prepaid balance in the WCDMA network is insufficient due to prepaid balance reservation processing, that is, if there are no prepaid balances available for conversion, other SCPs will be allocated that GSU in IM-SCP as much as the remaining prepaid balance. The IM-SCP may notify the GGSN of the last GSU by setting the final unit action (FUA) of the final unit indication (FUI) indicating the CCA message level to 'terminate' and responding with the GGSN. If there is no remaining prepaid balance on the WCDMA network for the service, the MSC's GSU is not allocated.

Next, the service is used for the allocated GSU by the available packet size, and the Final Unit Action (FUA) of the Final Unit Indication (FUI) indicating that the GGSN indicates the CCA message level from the IM-SCP is 'terminated'. While not receiving the CCA message set to ', the update process takes place.

In the update process, the GGSN sends a CCR [Update] message to the IM-SCP to request an update of the data service (S1120).

As shown in FIG. 14, the CCR [Update] message includes billing processing such as Service-Context-ID indicating service context ID AVP information such as PS.08.450.7.32251@3gpp.org, periodic charging (Update Request = 2), and the like. CC-Request-Type AVP, which represents AVP information about the cycle of the process, is used together with a session ID to distinguish one session to provide a unique value for CC (credit-control) messages (INITIAL_REQUEST, EVENT_REQUEST 0, then CC-Request-Number AVP indicating AVP information to be incremented by 1 from UPDATE_REQUEST, Subscription-Id Data AVP indicating AVP information about subscriber ID such as subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815), and simultaneous multiple services. Billing ID, such as IN-Service AVP, ICID (IMS Charging ID), which represents AVP information for a service type, such as Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC), Intelligent Network Prepaid Service Type (IN-Service), etc. On AVP is a and the like IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating information.

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of requested data services (RSUs) such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Requested-Service-Unit (RSU) (nth) for information, USP (Used Service Unit) CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for used packet size, and AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX). Service-Identifier AVP and the like that are shown.

At this time, the IM-SCP may process normally even when the CCR [Update] is received before the CCA [Update]. That is, even if IM-SCP continuously receives CCR [Update] from the GGSN before sending the CCA [Update] to the GGSN, the normal processing is performed.

Thereafter, the IM-SCP requests and responds to the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network prepaid balance inquiry and prepaid balance reservation similarly to steps S1112 to S1117 (S1121 to S1126).

For example, when IM-SCP sends a message for prepaid balance inquiry to SCP, for example, Remains Request [Get], network information sent from the WCDMA network (for example, NAS (Network Access Server) Type = And WCDMA) (S1121).

Accordingly, SCP checks the prepaid balance information available in the WCDMA network of the prepaid subscriber stored in the database using the prepaid subscriber and access network information included in the Remains Request [Get] sent from IM-SCP, and prepaid the WiBro network. The available packet size is calculated using the balance information, and is included in a response message, for example, a Remains Response [Account], and transmitted to the IM-SCP (S1122). The Remains Response [Account] includes a product code (billing rate code) for the WCDMA rate product (the rate product for the corresponding TBTM terminal when connected from the WCDMA network).

The IM-SCP sends a message requesting prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU) through a CCR [Update] message, for example, a Reserve Request [Reserve] to the SCP (S1123). SCP compares the reservation amount included in the Reserve Request [Reserve] with the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network (S1124), if the prepaid balance is less than the reservation amount, the prepaid subscriber's other prepaid balance, that is, the prepaid balance of the WIFI network, the prepaid of the WiBro network. After charging at least one of the balances to the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network (S1125), a result message for the reservation request indicating that the prepaid balance reservation has been made, for example, a Reserve Response is transmitted to the IM-SCP (S1126). ).

Of course, the SCP transmits a Reserve Response to IM-SCP indicating that the prepaid balance reservation is made even when the prepaid balance is greater than the reservation amount as a result of the step S1124 (S1126).

At this time, when requesting a prepaid balance reservation for the requested service unit (RSU) requested in the CCR [Update] message in step S1123, the USU coming up through the CCR [Update] than the GSU lowered through the CCA message to the interworking GGSN. IM-SCP sends a Reserve Request [Reserve] to allow service even when the (Used Service Unit) (used packet size) exceeds the prepaid balance (remaining packet size) of the WCDMA network. At this time, if the prepaid balance is exhausted during service, that is, there is no other prepaid balance that can be switched and there is no more available packet size, IM-SCP does not send a Reserve Request [Reserve], and CCA from GGSN The FUA indicating the message level is in a state of waiting for a CCR message (CCR [Terminate]) set to Terminate, and receives a CCR [Terminate] for the last used balance, for example, a message for billing, for example, a Debit Request [ Debit] is sent to SCP. In addition to this case, the incomplete call when the IM-SCP does not receive a CCR [Terminate] due to a failure or the like shall be charged for.

Thereafter, the IM-SCP sends a message, for example, a CCA [Update] message, to lower the Granted Service Unit (GSU) to which the prepaid balance reservation is assigned to the GGSN for the requested Service Unit (RSU). Transmit to GGSN (S1127). At this time, for a case where a service ID (eg, data service, etc.) indicating a service type is omitted in a CCA [Update] message, IM-SCP provides a service ID for WCDMA (eg, a WCDMA defined in a CCA [Update] message). , Data service XXX) can be stored and transmitted.

As shown in FIG. 15, the CCA [Update] message includes a result-code AVP indicating AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), a charging process such as periodic charging (Update Request = 2), and the like. CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for period, CC-Request-Number AVP indicating AVP information for periodic billing serial number, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple service And Credit-Control-Failure-Handling (CCFH) indicating AVP information, such as two times (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end).

In this case, n multiple-services-credit-controls may be repeated, and each multiple-services-credit-control has an AVP for the number of allocated data services (GSUs), such as the first, second .. n-th data service, and the like. Granted-Service-Unit (GSU) (nth) for information, CC-Total-Octets for AVP information for available packet size, Service-Identifier AVP for AVP information for service ID such as data service (XXX) , Validity-Time indicating the AVP information about the message repetition transmission period such as the interim cycle time (for example, the CCR [Update] message transmission period in GGSN), AVP information on the overall session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Result-Code AVP, etc., indicating

As such, when the GGSN receives the CCA [Update] message from the IM-SCP and downloads the service unit (GSU) allocated to the MSCC again according to the prepaid balance reservation processing in the SCP, the requested service unit (RSU) The corresponding data service is reopened as much as the usable packet size according to CC-Total-Octets to the corresponding TBTM terminal so that the RAN can perform necessary routing.

Next, while the GGSN does not receive a CCA message in which the FUA (Final Unit Action) indicating the CCA message level from the IM-SCP is set to 'terminate', the update processes S1120 to S1127 are repeated. When the service is used as much as the available packet size for the assigned GSU, and the GGSN receives a CCA message in which FUA (Final Unit Action) indicating the CCA message level is set to 'terminate' from IM-SCP, Finally, termination processes S1130 to S1136 are performed. Even when a request for termination of service is received from the TBTM terminal of the prepaid subscriber, termination processes S1130 to S1136 are performed.

In the termination process, the GGSN transmits a CCR [Terminate] message to the IM-SCP to request termination of the data service (S1130). When multiple data services are used in one session, multiple MSCCs can be used for CCR [Terminate] to prepaid billing for the usage during the CCA [Terminate] after the previous CCA [Update].

As shown in FIG. 16, the CCR [Terminate] message includes a charge processing such as a Service-Context-ID indicating a service context ID AVP information such as PS.08.450.7.32251@3gpp.org, a periodic charge (Terminate Request = 3), and the like. Subscription-Id Data AVP, which represents AVP information for the subscriber ID, such as Credit Control (Request-Type) AVP, which represents the AVP information for the cycle of the process, subscriber number (MSISDN = 821030101815), and AVP for simultaneous multiple services. For billing IDs, such as IN-Service AVP and IMS Charging ID (ICID), which represent AVP information for service types such as Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC), Intelligent Network Prepaid Service Type (IN-Service), etc. IMS-Charging-Identifier indicating AVP information, Credit-Control-Failure-Handling (CCFH) indicating AVP information such as two times (RETRY_AND_TERMINATE: retry and end), and the like.

Here again, n Multiple-Services-Credit-Controls can be repeated, each of which has AVP information for the number of used data services, such as the first, second .. n-th data service, etc. Used-Service-Unit (USU) (nth), CC-Total-Octets indicating AVP information about the used packet size since the last CCR [Update], Service- indicating the service ID such as data service (XXX) Identifier AVP and the like.

Upon receiving the CCR [Terminate] message, the IM-SCP sends a message requesting the prepaid balance deduction of the WCDMA network to the SCP, for example, a Debit Request [Debit] (S1131). Accordingly, SCP deducts the charge for the amount of packets used from the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network prepaid balance and updates the available packet size.

At this time, the SCP receives the usage fee according to the packet size used by the TBTM terminal calculated by applying the preset charging rate of the WCDMA network in IM-SCP, and deducts the usage fee from the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network prepaid balance as it is. The balance may be updated or, if a separate prepaid billing rate of the prepaid subscriber is applied, the prepaid balance may be updated by reapplying the billing rate and subtracting the recalculated fee to update the WCDMA network prepaid balance. It may also be (S1132 to S1134).

In other words, SCP determines whether the prepaid subscriber is a prepaid subscriber to which a separate second billing rate is applied (S1132), and if the prepaid subscriber is to be applied to a second billing rate, the second billing rate is applied to recalculate the usage fee. The recalculated usage fee is subtracted from the WCDMA network prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber to update the WCDMA network prepaid balance (S1134).

In the case of applying the prepaid subscriber's separate billing rate, the subscriber of the TBTM terminal is subscribed to a service plan or product that can apply the separate billing rate, and is applied according to the subscribed service plan or product. The charging rates may differ. For example, if the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to a location-based discount service that allows discounts based on the location of the TBTM terminal, SCP will charge the usage fee for the data service calculated from the IM-SCP as the billing rate for the WCDMA network. Receives the originating location that the TBTM terminal requested the prepaid service from the IM-SCP, that is, the base station information is received to determine the location of the TBTM terminal based on the base station information, thereby checking the corresponding charging rate among the differently applied charging rates according to the location. By applying this, a user fee can be discounted.

Of course, the location information of the prepaid subscriber to receive the location-based discount service can be received at various points, such as the time to update the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network, the time to receive the initial prepaid subscriber information, the point of receiving such location information is the present invention It may be determined by the provider providing the.

As such, SCP applies billing rates by various plan services or products through interworking with the server providing subscriber information and the server providing location information of the base station in order to update by subtracting the prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network. As a result, it is possible to update the WCDMA network prepaid balance of the corresponding prepaid subscriber by recalculating and downloading the actual usage fee according to the packet data usage, and subtracting the down rate from the prepaid balance of the WCDMA network.

When the IM-SCP receives a response message for the result of deducting the prepaid balance from the SCP, for example, Debit Request [Cost information] (S1135), the IM-SCP receives information on the total amount used and the total data usage of the managed data service. The use of the prepaid service of the TBTM terminal is terminated by transmitting a CCA [Terminate] message to the GGSN (S1136).

Here, CCFH is not included in CCA [Terminate]. The GGSN may configure a predetermined CDR based on a CCA [Terminate] message and transmit it to a charging server (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 17, the CCA [Terminate] message includes a result-code AVP indicating an AVP information such as a processing result (for example, CCA message level), a charge processing process such as periodic charging (Terminate Request = 3), and the like. CC-Request-Type AVP indicating AVP information for a period, Multiple-Services-Credit-Control (MSCC) indicating AVP information for simultaneous multiple services, Cost-Information indicating AVP information for cost information, and the like.

Here, n may be repeated in the Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, and in each Multiple-Services-Credit-Control, a Service representing AVP information about a service ID such as the first and second .. n-th data service (XXX) is provided. -Identifier AVP, Result-Code AVP indicating the AVP information to be registered for the session processing result for the corresponding service in the MSCC. Cost-Information includes Unit-Value representing AVP information for the total amount used, Currency-Code representing AVP information for the currency type, such as KRW: 410, Cost-Unit representing AVP information for the total data usage, etc. .

In addition, the prepaid billing process of the prepaid subscriber through the WIFI network can be made between SCP, IM-SCP and ASN-GW, the prepaid service requested through the WIFI network through the operation process as shown in Figs. The user may update the prepaid balance of the WIFI network by subtracting the usage fee generated by using the prepaid service, that is, the prepaid data service, from the prepaid subscriber's WIFI network prepaid balance.

In this case, at the time of updating the prepaid balance of the WIFI network, as described above, a separate billing rate may be applied to discount the use amount through the determination process of the prepaid subscriber's preset service and product.

In the prepaid billing process of the prepaid subscriber via the WIFI network, messages transmitted and received between SCP, IM-SCP, and ASN-GW are processed in the WiBro network shown in FIG. 4 and in the WCDMA network shown in FIG. The same message as described in the above, and only the internal parameter of each message and the content inserted into the parameter may be the same or different.

As described above, the billing processing method of the prepaid subscriber of the present invention is limited to the prepaid balance in FIGS. 4 and 11, but the amount used for a predetermined period according to the service subscribed by the prepaid subscriber as well as the prepaid balance for each network of the prepaid subscriber. The use time may be applied to block or provide the prepaid service requested from the TBTM terminal.

For example, if the amount of prepaid service available for one month through the WCDMA network in the TBTM terminal is limited to A amount, SCP may use the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network prepaid balance, the limited amount, and the amount used during the period. It may be determined, and it is possible to determine whether to start the requested prepaid service based on the information. That is, if the amount of use of the prepaid service exceeds the limited amount, the requested prepaid service cannot be provided to the TBTM terminal through the WCDMA network, and otherwise, the prepaid service is controlled to be provided.

As such, the present invention additionally limits the use amount of the prepaid service used by the TBTM terminal to a certain amount, thereby additionally creating an upper limit on the use amount service plan or a product, thereby preventing the excessive use of the prepaid data service in advance. There is an advantage to this.

As another example, if the prepaid service usage time available for a month through the WCDMA network in the TBTM terminal is limited to 10 hours, the SCP will use the prepaid subscriber's WCDMA network upper bound time and available time (or total usage time) stored in the database. Etc., and it is possible to determine whether to start the requested prepaid service based on the information. That is, if the usage time of the prepaid service through the WCDMA network exceeds the time limit, the requested prepaid service cannot be provided to the TBTM terminal through the WCDMA network. Otherwise, the prepaid service can be provided. To control.

As described above, the present invention additionally limits the usage time of the prepaid service used in the TBTM terminal to a predetermined time, thereby additionally creating an upper limit service rate plan or a product.

By providing these additional service plans or products in addition, you can prevent overuse of data services by prepaid subscribers who receive prepaid data services, as well as for a certain period of time regardless of the amount of prepaid data services. You can use it freely.

The billing processing method and system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks according to the present invention can be modified and applied in various forms within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention and are not limited to the above embodiments. In addition, the embodiments and drawings are merely for the purpose of describing the contents of the invention in detail, and are not intended to limit the scope of the technical idea of the invention, the present invention described above is common knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs As those skilled in the art can have various substitutions, modifications, and changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is not limited to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. And should be judged to include equality.

1 illustrates a billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 illustrates field information of a prepaid subscriber stored in a database.

3 shows an embodiment configuration for the SCP shown in FIG.

4 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a billing processing method when a TBTM terminal of a prepaid subscriber accesses a WiBro network.

FIG. 5 shows an information scheme included in a CCR [Initial] message transmitted from the A-server to the IM-SCP in the initialization process of FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Initial] message received by the A-server from the IM-SCP during the initialization process of FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCR [Update] message transmitted from the A-server to the IM-SCP during the update process of FIG. 4.

FIG. 8 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Update] message received by the A-server from the IM-SCP during the update process of FIG. 4.

FIG. 9 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCR [Terminate] message transmitted from the A-server to the IM-SCP in the termination process of FIG. 4.

FIG. 10 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Terminate] message received by the A-server from the IM-SCP during the termination of FIG. 4.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a billing processing method when a TBTM terminal of a prepaid subscriber accesses a WCDMA network.

FIG. 12 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCR [Initial] message transmitted by the GGSN to IM-SCP during the initialization process of FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Initial] message received by the GGSN from IM-SCP during the initialization process of FIG. 11.

FIG. 14 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCR [Update] message transmitted by the GGSN to IM-SCP during the update process of FIG. 11.

FIG. 15 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Update] message received by the GGSN from IM-SCP during the update process of FIG. 11.

FIG. 16 shows an information scheme included in a CCR [Terminate] message transmitted by the GGSN to IM-SCP in the termination process of FIG. 11.

FIG. 17 illustrates an information scheme included in a CCA [Terminate] message received by the GGSN from IM-SCP during the termination of FIG. 11.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

122: IM-SCP

123: SCP

124: database

310: receiving unit

320: confirmation unit

330: comparison unit

340: control unit

350: judgment

360: calculation unit

370: update unit

380: switching unit

Claims (20)

In the billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks, The prepaid balance of the prepaid subscriber for the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks is managed separately by the plurality of heterogeneous networks, and when a prepaid service is requested from the terminal through the access network, the prepaid service is generated. The prepaid subscriber billing method of updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting a fee from the prepaid balance of the access network. The method of claim 1, Receiving prepaid subscriber information including the access network information for the prepaid service initiation requested by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks; Identifying a prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for the prepaid subscriber; Calculating a fee incurred in using the prepaid service when the requested prepaid service is started; And Updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting the fee calculated from the prepaid balance of the access network; Billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber comprising a. 3. The method of claim 2, The prepaid subscriber's billing processing method that can be switched between the prepaid balances separated for each of the plurality of heterogeneous networks. The method of claim 3, The conversion between the prepaid balances A billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber performed by applying a billing rate set differently according to the plurality of heterogeneous networks. The method according to claim 2 or 3, The calculating step The billing processing method of the prepaid subscriber to calculate the fee by applying the billing rate for the access network of the billing rates differently set according to the plurality of heterogeneous networks. The method according to claim 2 or 3, Calculating a use time of a prepaid service through the access network for a preset period; And Comparing the calculated usage time with a reference time for the access network among preset reference times for each of the plurality of heterogeneous networks More, The prepaid subscriber's billing processing method that blocks the start of the requested prepaid service when the usage time is more than the reference time. The method according to claim 2 or 3, Calculating an amount of use of the prepaid service through the access network for a preset period; And Comparing the calculated amount of the use amount with a reference amount for the access network among preset reference amounts for each of the plurality of heterogeneous networks; More, If the use amount is more than the reference amount the billing processing method of the prepaid subscriber to block the start of the requested prepaid service. The method according to claim 2 or 3, Receiving base station information of the access network where the prepaid subscriber who requested the start of the prepaid service is located; More, The calculating step And a billing processing method of a prepaid subscriber that calculates a fee by applying a billing rate for the received base station information among billing rates differently set according to the base station information of the access network. The method according to any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein Determining whether to subscribe to a predetermined service plan or product for the prepaid subscriber; More, The calculating step If the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to the service plan or product, the billing processing method of the prepaid subscriber to calculate the rate by applying a predetermined service charge rate for the prepaid subscriber. The method according to claim 2 or 3, The plurality of heterogeneous networks Method for processing billing of prepaid subscribers, which are all networks capable of prepaid data service including WIFI network, WiBro network, WCDMA network, CDMA network and PSTN network. In the billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber subscribed to a plurality of heterogeneous networks, Check the prepaid balance of the access network connected by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks, and control whether or not to start the prepaid service requested by the terminal by using the confirmed prepaid balance of the access network, according to the use of the prepaid service Prepaid billing processing server to update the generated charges subtracted from the prepaid balance of the access network Billing processing system of prepaid subscribers including a. The method of claim 11, The prepaid billing processing server A receiving unit for receiving prepaid subscriber information including the access network information for the prepaid service start requested by the terminal supporting the plurality of heterogeneous networks; A confirmation unit for checking a prepaid balance of the access network among the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for the prepaid subscriber; A calculator configured to calculate a fee generated according to the use of the prepaid service when the requested prepaid service is started; And An update unit for updating the prepaid balance of the access network by subtracting the fee calculated from the prepaid balance of the access network Billing processing system of prepaid subscribers including a. The method of claim 12, Switching unit for switching between the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks by applying a billing rate set differently according to the plurality of heterogeneous networks Billing processing system of the prepaid subscriber further comprising. The method according to claim 12 or 13, The calculation unit A billing processing system for prepaid subscribers that calculates a fee by applying a billing rate for the access network among billing rates differently set according to the plurality of heterogeneous networks. The method according to claim 12 or 13, A comparison unit comparing a use time of the prepaid service through the access network with a preset reference time for the access network or comparing a use amount of the prepaid service through the access network with a preset reference amount for the access network during a preset period; And A control unit for blocking the start of the requested prepaid service if the use time is greater than or equal to the reference time or the use amount is greater than or equal to the reference amount as a result of the comparison by the comparison unit; Billing processing system of the prepaid subscriber further comprising. The method of claim 14, The receiving unit Receiving base station information of the access network where the prepaid subscriber is located, The calculation unit And a billing processing system of a prepaid subscriber that calculates a fee by applying a billing rate for the received base station information among billing rates differently set according to the billing rate for the access network and base station information. The method according to claim 12 or 13, Determination unit for determining whether the prepaid subscriber is a subscription service plan or product More, The calculation unit The prepaid subscriber's billing processing system calculates a fee by applying a predetermined service billing rate for the prepaid subscriber when the prepaid subscriber is subscribed to the service plan or goods as a result of the determination by the determination unit. The method of claim 11, Database for storing the prepaid balances separated by the plurality of heterogeneous networks for each prepaid subscriber Billing processing system of the prepaid subscriber further comprising. The method of claim 18, The prepaid billing processing server The prepaid subscriber's billing processing system for converting the prepaid balances separated by the heterogeneous networks stored in the database by applying differently set charge rates for the heterogeneous networks. The method of claim 11 or 19, A prepaid service management server that calculates a fee incurred according to the use of the prepaid service by applying the billing rate for the access network among the billing rates, and provides it to the prepaid billing processing server. Billing processing system of the prepaid subscriber further comprising.

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