KR101072470B1 - Method of excavating tunnel only after beam supported - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, after inserting a plurality of steel pipes in accordance with the tunnel contour, after installing the steel structure to sufficiently endure the pressure load by installing a vertical support and a ceiling support for a certain span (span) in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (length) Excavation work is performed on the corresponding section (section in which the steel structure is installed), and further advances in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by a certain section and installs vertical support beams and ceiling support beams, and then repeatedly performs excavation work on the corresponding section. It relates to a method of underground tunnel construction to gradually build.
In the tunnel construction method according to the present invention, since the support structure (vertical support and ceiling support) is installed in a predetermined section before the excavation work in the tunnel, the tunnel contour is excavated in the corresponding section. Due to the high rigidity, the settlement of the excavation section can be prevented, the supporting structure is installed in the leading section, the tunnel excavation work is performed in the middle section, and the reinforcement work and concrete casting are possible in the subsequent section. Work and tunnel excavation work and finishing work (reinforcement and concrete placing) can be performed simultaneously.

Description

Underground tunnel construction method for excavation after installation of support beams {Method of excavating tunnel only after beam supported}

According to the present invention, after inserting a plurality of steel pipes along the boundary of the tunnel to be excavated, the excavation work is carried out over the entire transverse contour of the tunnel to be excavated, but for a predetermined span in the longitudinal direction (length) of the tunnel. After installing the steel structure to sufficiently endure the acupressure load by installing the vertical support and ceiling support, excavation work is performed for the corresponding section (section in which the steel structure is installed), and further advances in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel by a certain section, and then vertically As a construction method that gradually installs underground tunnels by repeatedly excavating the section after installing the supporting beams and ceiling support beams, the structure (vertical and ceiling support beams) for a certain section to withstand the stress on the ground load. After installation of the underground tunnel construction method for carrying out the excavation work step by step.

In general, in order to install the underground structure, the tunnel structure is entered after the structural calculations are made to be sufficiently supportable for various stresses applied to the outside of the location where the underground structure is to be constructed.

Conventionally, in order to build the above-mentioned underground structure, a large number of large-diameter steel pipes are pressed in the tunnel longitudinal direction in the ground, and then concrete is poured into the steel pipes, and after curing of the poured concrete is completed, excavation is carried out to the depth that can be excavated. .

In the conventional underground structure construction proceeded as described above, after installing the formwork in the steel pipe, the work space for assembling the steel and placing the concrete is narrow, so that the working environment of the worker is worsened, the air delay problem and the construction cost are increased. This occurred.

In addition, when curing of concrete takes too much time to complete, the overall working air becomes long, and when the ground is weak during excavation, there is a high risk of ground or rock collapse or fall, so there is always a risk of a safety accident. Was doing. Therefore, there are various problems such as the difficulty of efficient use of manpower and equipment between tasks and the risk of occurrence of safety accidents.

In order to solve this problem, Korean Patent No. 10-0713787 (hereinafter referred to as 'prior art') excavates a lower part of a press-fitted steel pipe, and installs a reinforcing member to reinforce the inner surface of the steel pipe upper part inside the steel pipe. After cutting and forming the slot hole in the transverse direction of the steel pipe at the position where the reinforcing member is installed, a method of inserting and installing the beam assembly in the slot hole has been disclosed.

However, the construction method of the prior art is not only difficult to machine the slot hole, but also after excavating the entire underground tunnel after installing the beam assembly, and then cutting all of the lower part of the steel pipe by the following process, the underground structure is to be constructed. Since it proceeds with the process of placing reinforcing reinforcement and concrete on the floor, left and right sides, and the upper side, not only a lot of time is required for the tunnel construction, but also a problem in that the work efficiency of the tunnel construction is poor.

KR 10-0713787 B1 KR 10-0505301 B1 KR 10-0551685 B1 KR 10-0442712 B1 KR 20-0430278 Y1

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art,

After inserting a plurality of steel pipes along the contour of the tunnel to be excavated, in excavating the interior of the tunnel formed by the steel pipes, a construction method for enabling convenient, quick and accurate construction of the underground tunnel structure (support) It is for the purpose of suggestion.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to propose a tunnel construction method that can support the interior of the steel pipe only with vertical support and ceiling support without separately installing a reinforcing member to reinforce the inside of the steel pipe as in the prior art.

Furthermore, the present invention is to increase the construction stability by performing excavation work step by step after installing the structure (vertical and ceiling support) for a certain section to withstand the ground load around the tunnel sufficiently stress The purpose of this study is to propose a tunnel construction method.

The present invention has an additional object other than the above object, and further objects and solutions for implementing the object will be presented in detail in the following detailed description of the invention.

In order to achieve the above object, the underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention,

According to the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel formed by the press-fitted steel pipes, the steel pipe is cut to a predetermined depth in the tunnel longitudinal direction to form a long hole, and the width of the long hole is a vertical support and a ceiling support that support the tunnel. Long hole forming step of forming a width that can accommodate the thickness,

Vertical left and right vertical support beams are respectively installed into vertical holes formed on the left and right of the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel, the upper end of the vertical support being in close contact with the upper inner surface of the upper steel pipe of the tunnel cross-sectional contour, and the lower end of the vertical support is the tunnel cross-sectional contour. Vertical support beam installation step to be installed in close contact with each of the lower inner surface of the lower portion of the steel pipe,

The ceiling support is installed into a horizontal hole formed in the upper cross section of the tunnel, and the left end of the horizontal support is in close contact with the left inner surface of the steel pipe at the left end of the cross section of the tunnel, and the right end of the ceiling support is in the cross section of the tunnel. After completing the installation of the structure along the left and right and upper contours of the cross section of the tunnel through the ceiling support installation step to install in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe of the right end of

After the section excavation step of performing the ground excavation work in the tunnel for the section in which the installation of the structure is completed,

A steel pipe remaining part removing step of cutting the remaining steel part remaining inside the tunnel contour in the excavated section;

The floor support is installed in accordance with the lower contour of the tunnel cross section, the left end of the bottom support is in close contact with the left inner surface of the steel pipe of the left end of the tunnel cross section contour, the right end of the floor support of the right end of the tunnel cross section contour After performing the floor support installation step to install close to the right inner surface of the steel pipe,

Again by repeating the above series of steps for the next section,

It is characterized by the underground tunnel construction method that performs excavation work step by step after installing the structure (vertical and ceiling support) for a certain section so that it can withstand the ground load around the tunnel.

Tunnel construction method according to the present invention, after the installation of the support structure (vertical support and ceiling support) for a certain section before the excavation work in the tunnel, and performs the excavation work for the corresponding section, and then By constructing the tunnel by repeatedly carrying out the supporting structure and excavation work for a certain section, the stiffness to withstand earth pressure is very large, and the settlement of the excavation section can be prevented.

In addition, the tunnel construction method according to the present invention, the end of the vertical support and the ceiling support is installed to be in close contact with the inner surface of the steel pipe, so that the support structure can support the earth pressure acting on the steel pipe, the steel pipe by the earth pressure There is no need to install a separate reinforcement member inside the steel pipe to prevent deformation, it is possible to construct a simple, fast and accurate tunnel.

In particular, the tunnel construction method according to the present invention performs the installation of the support structure in the leading section, the tunnel excavation work in the middle section, the reinforcement work and concrete casting is possible in the subsequent section, the structure installation work, tunnel excavation Sequential simultaneous construction of work and finishing works (reinforcement and concrete placement) is possible.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the steel pipe indentation process, Comprising: It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the process of indenting a steel pipe in the state in which the reaction wall was installed.
2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a procedure of press-fitting a steel pipe.
3 to 5 is a process diagram schematically showing the process of installing the support beam in the underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention,
FIG. 3A is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating a hole forming step, and FIG. 3B is a tunnel cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the hole forming step is completed and steel pipes are connected to each other so that the supporting beam receiving space 16 is formed along the tunnel contour.
4A is a perspective view showing a state in which the vertical support 20 is installed between the support beam receiving spaces 16, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the vertical support beams and the ceiling support are installed in the support structure receiving space. to be.
5A is an exploded perspective view illustrating a state in which vertical support beams, ceiling support beams and floor support beams are installed between steel pipes, and FIG. 5B is a state in which vertical support beams and ceiling support beams are installed before the excavation work is performed; Figure 5c is a cross-sectional view, Figure 5c is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the excavation step and the steel pipe remaining part removal step and floor support installation step is completed.
6a to 6d is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing the construction of underground tunnels according to the present invention,
7 is a three-dimensional perspective view showing a coupling relationship between the left steel pipes of the tunnel and the vertical support and ceiling support.
8 is a perspective view of a mold closing support structure for supporting ground earth pressure by combining the vertical support beam and the vertical support beam applied in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which bottom reinforcement and bottom concrete placing are completed in a corresponding section in which the supporting structure is installed and excavated.
10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which concrete is poured after completion of wall reinforcement and upper reinforcement.
11 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of the underground tunnel completed construction.
12A to 12D are diagrams illustrating a modified embodiment of excavating a corresponding section after installing two or more supporting structures.
Figure 13 is a preferred embodiment of a steel pipe having a blocking member that can be applied to the underground tunnel construction method of the invention,
14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the steel pipes provided with the blocking member according to the embodiment of the present invention are pressed into each other.

Hereinafter, the underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, a propulsion base is installed to carry out the excavation work. Excavation work for the propulsion base installation excavates the soil to a predetermined depth after the installation of the thumb pile (1). Between the two thumb piles (1) facing each other to install a support (3) to prevent deformation of the thumb pile by earth pressure. After excavation, floor concrete may be poured in consideration of groundwater leaching and working environment. Then, the reaction force wall (2) is installed at the position opposite to the ground to be excavated. The reaction wall 2 is installed to determine the exact position. This stage is called construction preparation stage.

As a next step, after the propulsion equipment (4) is in close contact with the reaction force wall to install the propulsion steel pipe and start the steel pipe press-in operation. After installing the hydraulic jack in the position of the first steel pipe to be inserted, start the steel pipe pressing operation. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of press-fitting a steel pipe.

As shown in FIG. 2, the press-fit sequence of the steel pipe 10 starts press-fitting from the steel pipes 10a and 10b which are located in the lower end of the tunnel, and sequentially the upper steel pipes 10c and 10d, respectively. Press-fit construction. Steel pipe (10g) forming the upper end of the tunnel to be constructed is advantageous in that it is press-fitted at the end to increase the construction efficiency is less affected by the earth pressure of the excavation ground.

As such, the step of pressing the plurality of steel pipes along the contour of the tunnel to be constructed is called a steel pipe pressing step. The press-fitting operation of the steel pipe needs to check the linearity every 1 ~ 2m unit, and the soil removal work inside the steel pipe is performed at the same time. When the press-fitting of the steel pipe is completed, a rod-shaped support member (not shown) for supporting the inside of the steel pipe up and down at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe can be installed to prevent deformation of the steel pipe in advance for a long time required for the tunnel construction. It is desirable to reinforce it.

The next step is to reinforce the ground between the steel pipes, grouting the ground outside the steel pipe, in particular between the steel pipes. This step is a process of reinforcing the ground by performing grouting on the outer side of the steel pipe when the ground in which the steel pipe press-fit is made is a soft ground or a ground change is likely to occur, this step is called a grout reinforcing step. The grouting reinforcement step may be omitted depending on the characteristics of the ground, and may prevent soil leakage from the two steel pipes to be received through the introduction of the blocking member of the present invention to be described later.

The construction preparation step, the steel pipe indentation step and the grouting reinforcement step is the same process as the prior art that is generally constructed, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the process of the step is carried out with the earth and sand removal work inside the steel pipe.

Underground tunnel construction method according to the invention is characterized in the work process after the steel pipe indentation step.

That is, in the tunnel construction method according to the present invention, after the steel pipe indentation and grouting reinforcement is completed, before performing the excavation work inside the tunnel (that is, inside the tunnel contour surrounded by the steel pipes), the vertical support beam and the ceiling support The main feature is that the beam installation work is preceded.

In the tunnel construction method of the present invention, the horizontal steel pipes 10e, 10g, 10f are adjacent to each other to install vertical support beams and ceiling support beams along the tunnel contour surrounded by the steel pipes before excavation in the tunnel. (That is, the left and right both sides) is cut by a predetermined length along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe to a predetermined height (15W) (hereinafter referred to as 'width') to form a long hole (15). In addition, a predetermined length along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe in a predetermined width (15W) (hereinafter referred to as 'width') of the adjacent position (that is, the upper and lower portions) of the vertical steel pipe (10e, 10c, 10a) (10f, 10d, 10b) (Which means synonymous with 'depth') to form a long hole.

As shown in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, in accordance with the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel formed by the indented steel pipes (horizontal steel pipes and vertical steel pipes), the length of the long hole 15 to allow all the steel pipes to communicate with each other in the tunnel length direction form by (span). At this time, the width of the long hole is a width that can accommodate the thickness of the vertical support beam 20 and the ceiling support 30 to support the tunnel. This working step is called the 'hole-making step'.

Figure 3a is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating the 'hole hole forming step' to form a long hole in each steel pipe in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel in order to install the vertical support and the ceiling support before drilling in the tunnel, Figure 3b is Tunnel cross-sectional view showing a state in which the hole forming step is completed, showing that the support structure receiving space 16 is formed along the tunnel contour.

The length of the long hole 15 cut in the long hole forming step (meaning the length in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel) may vary depending on the spacing of the support beams, that is, the span, but the construction target (sewer culvert, underground roadway). Or, in consideration of the width and height of the tunnel), the ground characteristics, etc. are generally installed in units of about 1 ~ 2m section.

In the long hole forming step, the shield plate 50 is welded to the outer cut surface of the two adjacent steel pipes as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B to block the inflow of soil between the gaps G of the two adjacent steel pipes. To combine.

Since the grout reinforcement is generally formed in the gap between two adjacent steel pipes, it is unlikely that soil leakage or groundwater leakage will occur due to earth pressure, but the shielding plate 50 may be installed to increase the resistance to soil collapse that may occur. It is preferable.

If necessary, it is also possible to prevent the loss of soil inside the tunnel by joining the shielding plate 50 to the inner cut surface of two adjacent steel pipes by welding.

The shielding plate 50 is preferably tightly coupled to the outer surface of the vertical support 20 by the brace member 55. In particular, since the earth pressure applied on the left and right sides of the tunnel is concentrated on the shield plate coupled between the gaps of the side steel pipes, the support members 55: 55a and 55b are cut surfaces of two adjacent steel pipes, as shown in FIG. 3D. It is preferable to arrange them side by side in parallel along the longitudinal direction of the long hole at the position. As such, the two support members 55a and 55b have a function of supporting the steel pipe and the shielding plate 50 to resist earth pressure. In addition, a space S as shown in FIG. 6 is formed between the two support members 55a and 55b to serve as a free space for reinforcing the horizontal reinforcing bar for the construction of the tunnel sidewall, which will be described later. It can also be.

As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, after forming the long holes 15 cut in the longitudinal direction along the tunnel contour in the longitudinal direction or on the upper and lower sides of the steel pipe to secure the supporting structure receiving space, as shown in FIG. 4A. Perform the vertical support 20 installation work.

In the vertical support installation step, the left and right vertical support beams are respectively installed into vertical receiving spaces 16 formed on the left and right sides of the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel, and the upper end of the left vertical support 20 is the upper left steel pipe of the tunnel cross-sectional contour ( 10e) to be in close contact with each other, and the lower end of the left vertical support beam to be in close contact with the lower inner surface of the lower left part of the steel pipe 10a of the tunnel cross section contour to support the two steel pipes 10e and 10a in the vertical direction. The upper end of the right vertical support 20 is in close contact with the upper inner surface of the right upper end of the steel pipe 10f of the tunnel cross-sectional contour, the lower end of the left vertical support of the lower end of the lower steel pipe 10b of the right profile of the tunnel cross section The two steel pipes (10f) (10b) are installed so as to be in close contact with each inner surface in the vertical direction. The vertical support is preferably installed so that the upper end and the lower end of the vertical support is in close contact with the inner surface of the steel pipe by having a hydraulic jack 23 for adjusting the height of the vertical support.

As shown in Figure 4a, the vertical support 20 is installed upright inside the left and right receiving spaces of the tunnel contour, the support plate 22 for supporting the lower end of the vertical support 20 of the lower steel pipe (10a) It is installed on the inner surface, and after installing the hydraulic jack 23 on the support plate 22, the vertical support beam 20 is erected on the upper portion of the hydraulic jack 23. Raising the hydraulic jack 23 is installed so that the upper end portion 20b of the vertical support 20 is in close contact with the upper inner surface of the upper left corner steel pipe (10e). As shown in FIG. 4B, the vertical support beams 20a and 20b installed on both the left and right sides of the upper and lower steel pipes 10e and 10a and the steel pipes 10f and 10b are respectively firmly supported by the upper steel pipe ( The settlement of 10e) (10f) is prevented.

In addition, the upper cut surface of the middle steel pipe 10c on the left side of the tunnel is supported on the outer surface of the left vertical support 20 by the upper shielding plate 50 and the support member, and the lower cut surface of the lower middle steel pipe 10c is lower shielding plate. 50 and the support member is supported on the outer surface of the left vertical support 20.

Accordingly, the left and right vertical support 20 serves to vertically support the left upper and lower steel pipes 10e and 10a and the right upper and lower steel pipes 10f and 10b, and at the same time, the intermediate steel pipes 10c and 10d on both sides of the tunnel. It also serves to support the tunnel not to be pushed inward.

And, the step of installing the ceiling support 30, as shown in Figures 5a and 5b, the ceiling support 30 is inserted into the horizontal hole formed in the upper contour of the cross section of the tunnel, the horizontal support is installed, The left end of the beam is in close contact with the left inner surface of the left end steel pipe 10e of the tunnel cross section contour, and the right end of the ceiling support is installed in close contact with the right inner surface of the right end steel pipe 10f of the tunnel cross section contour. At this time, the ceiling support 30 is integrally coupled to the vertical support 20 of the left and right sides.

The ceiling support 30 supports the two steel pipes 10e and 10f at both ends of the steel pipes forming the tunnel contour in the horizontal direction, and also supports the steel pipe 10g in the upper center. The left cut surface of the steel pipe 10g of the upper center is supported on the upper surface of the ceiling support 30 by the left shielding plate 50 and the support member, and the right cut surface of the steel pipe 10g of the upper center is the right shielding plate ( 50) and the support member is supported on the upper surface of the ceiling support (30).

The ceiling support 30 is preferably installed to be in close contact with the cut surface (that is, the upper shielding plate 50) of the upper steel pipe forming a tunnel contour. If a gap is formed between the ceiling support and the upper shielding plate 50 due to a construction error or a work error in the steel pipe cutting step, the support member 55a (55b) is inserted into the gap and then welded. It is particularly preferable to fix it. The space formed between the reinforcing beam and the ceiling support can play an advantageous role as a free space for reinforcing the ceiling reinforcement.

In the ceiling support 30 according to the present invention, as shown in Figures 4b and 5a, a plurality of segmented beams (Beam) are arranged in the same axis against both sides of the vertical support (20) Later, it may be installed by combining with a bolt, but in some cases, an integral beam may be disposed to intersect the vertical support 20, and then may be installed by combining with a bolt at an intersection point.

As described above, the vertical support and the ceiling support are completed along the left and right and upper contours of the tunnel cross section.

As described above, after the installation of the support structure for coupling the support structure (vertical support and ceiling support) to firmly support the inside of the steel pipe is completed, the excavation work in the tunnel is performed. This step is called the section excavation step.

When the section excavation step is completed, the step of installing the floor support 40 is performed. In the step of installing the floor support 40, the floor support 40 is installed according to the lower contour of the tunnel cross section, and the left end of the floor support 40 is in close contact with the left inner surface of the steel pipe at the left end of the tunnel cross section contour. , The right end of the floor support is installed in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe of the right end of the tunnel cross section contour.

The bottom support 40 supports two steel pipes 10a and 10b at both ends of the lower end of the steel pipes forming the tunnel contour in the horizontal direction. The bottom support 40 is to form the bottom foundation of the tunnel to be excavated.

The bottom support 40 is integrally coupled to the vertical support 20 on both sides of the left and right, the left and right vertical support, the ceiling support 30 and the bottom support 40 is a mold closing structure integrated with each other As it acts as a large load capacity can be secured.

Thus, the ceiling support 30 is installed in close contact with both ends of the ceiling support beams on the inner wall surface of each steel pipe so as to support the left and right both sides of the upper pipe tunnel in the horizontal direction, the bottom support 40 is the bottom of the tunnel outline Both ends of the bottom support beams are installed in close contact with the inner wall of each steel pipe to support the left and right steel pipes in the horizontal direction, so that the edge steel pipes of both sides are supported by the earth pressure by the two horizontal support beams (meaning the ceiling support and the bottom support beam). It can effectively prevent being pushed out into the excavation space.

After the section excavation step or floor support installation step is completed, the operation of cutting the steel pipe remaining portion 18 left inside the tunnel contour in the excavation section is made. This step is referred to as the 'removal of steel pipe residuals'.

The steel pipe remaining portion removing step is a work process for cutting and removing the remaining portion of the steel pipe exposed by the section excavation step, but may be performed after the floor support is installed, but the bottom support after removing the exposed steel pipe residue Installing a beam is convenient because it allows sufficient working space.

5C is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a section excavation step, a steel pipe remaining part removal step, and a bottom support beam installation step are completed.

By the above construction step, as shown in FIG. 5C, the tunnel construction in the first section is completed, and the series of steps described above are repeatedly repeated for the next section (called a subsequent section or the second section). By carrying out, the excavation work is completed over the entire length of the tunnel.

6a to 6d is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating the steps of the support beam installation work and the excavation work step by step, the tunnel construction method according to the present invention described so far based on Figures 6a to 6d as follows.

FIG. 6A shows the first vertical support 20 'and the first ceiling support 30 between the receiving spaces formed by the long holes 15 in the tunnel excavation start position, without any excavation in the tunnel. ') Is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state installed, Figure 6b is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating a process of excavating the inside of the tunnel in the section in which the support structure is installed.

FIG. 6C is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the second vertical support beam 20 ″ and the second ceiling support beam 30 ″ are installed after the formation of the long hole in the secondary section. 6c shows that the first bottom support beam 30 'is installed after the excavation work is completed in the first section.

FIG. 6D is a longitudinal cross-sectional view illustrating an excavation operation for a corresponding section in a state in which the third vertical support 20 '''and the third ceiling support 30''' are installed.

As described above, in the tunnel construction method according to the present invention, before the excavation work in the tunnel is performed, a support structure (vertical support and ceiling support) is first installed for a predetermined section, and then the steel pipes are firmly supported. The biggest feature is that it performs excavation work on the area.

In particular, the upper and lower ends of the vertical support 20 is installed firmly in close contact with the inner surface of the upper and lower steel pipes on the left and right sides of the tunnel, respectively, and the left and right ends of the ceiling support are left and right of the upper steel pipe of the tunnel However, since the inner surface of the steel pipe is installed firmly close to each other, there is no need to install a separate reinforcing member for reinforcing the inner surface of the steel pipe. Furthermore, immediately after the tunnel excavation is completed in the corresponding section where the supporting beams are installed, the floor beams are installed to the bottom support beams. Since each is firmly installed, it is not necessary to install reinforcing members on the inner surface of the lower steel pipe, and it is possible to more firmly support the side earth pressure acting inside the tunnel from which soil is removed, thereby preventing the collapse of the excavation section. have.

Figure 7 is a three-dimensional perspective view showing the coupling relationship between the left steel pipe and the vertical support and ceiling support of the tunnel to explain the underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention, Figure 7a is a vertical support 20 and the ceiling support beam Figure 30 is a view showing a state before the excavation of the ground inside the tunnel in the installed state, Figure 7b is a state in which the ground in the tunnel excavated for the section in which the vertical support 20 and the ceiling support 30 is installed As a perspective view of the, it is a view showing a state in which the bottom support beam 40 is installed in a state of not removing the remaining steel pipe. Although it is a preferred embodiment to perform the first step of removing the steel pipe residue before installing the bottom support, it is also possible to install the bottom support 40 before removing the steel pipe residue, if necessary.

8 is a perspective view of a mold closing support structure for supporting ground earth pressure by coupling the vertical support and the ceiling support and the bottom support applied to the present invention.

Ceiling support 30 and the bottom support 40 according to the present invention is disposed to cross the vertical support 20, and then firmly coupled with the vertical support 20 with a fastening bolt at this intersection position and excavated It is configured to be a mold closing structure for supporting the ground in the tunnel section, the ceiling support 30 and the floor support 40 may be configured as an integral beam (Beam), as shown in FIG. It may also be configured as a beam.

By the way, in the case of the ceiling support 30, it must be inserted into the vertical support 20 is inserted into the horizontal receiving space formed by the long hole. Therefore, when bringing the long ceiling support 30 into the horizontal accommodating space, the ceiling support 30 is inserted in the horizontal accommodating space by turning the ceiling support 30 in an oblique direction and installing the ceiling support. After pushing to the position, the left end is installed to be in close contact with the left inner surface of the left upper steel pipe 10e, and the right end is installed to be in close contact with the right inner surface of the right upper steel pipe 10f while correcting the direction. For this purpose, the worker enters the steel pipe, turns the ceiling support laterally, and then combines the vertical support.

However, it is very difficult and difficult to install the both ends firmly in close contact with the inner surface of the left and right upper corner steel pipe (10e, 10f) by rotating the ceiling support 30 in the narrow receiving space. In the present invention, in order to solve such construction difficulties, the ceiling support 30 is divided into a main support 31 and two auxiliary support (32a, 32b), respectively, the main support (31) Is coupled between the left and right vertical support 20, and the two auxiliary support (32a, 32b) is configured to have a structure that is coupled to support between the inner surface of the steel pipe and the vertical support, the ceiling of the support 30 It is desirable to ensure the convenience of installation work.

Main support 31 and the two auxiliary support (32a, 32b) constituting the ceiling support 30 is arranged on the same axis line is configured to be combined with the vertical support is advantageous to increase the load capacity.

Similarly, the bottom support 40 may be configured such that the main support 41 and the two auxiliary supports 42a and 42b are arranged to be coupled in the same axis, but the installation work of the bottom support 40 is Since the work is performed after the excavation of the earth inside the tunnel is completed, since the work space for the floor support 40 installation is sufficiently secured, it may be advantageous to use the integrated beam.

As described above, the present invention combines the vertical support 20, the ceiling support 30, and the bottom support 40 in the up and down and left and right, thereby functioning as a mold closing support structure that effectively supports the excavated tunnel ground.

In particular, the construction method according to the present invention by installing a tunnel support structure (vertical support and ceiling support) in a state that does not excavate the inside of the tunnel at all to pre-support the section to be excavated in a predetermined span (span) By installing the supporting structure and carrying out the excavation work, not only the safety of tunnel construction can be secured, but also the possibility of collapse due to the ground excavation can be fundamentally prevented. In addition, by gradually repeating the tunnel construction work in a certain section unit, the support beam installation work in the preceding section, the excavation work in the middle section, the floor and sidewall concrete construction work in the subsequent section, There is a vertex that allows concurrent parallel work.

For reference, the tunnel construction method of the prior art proceeds with excavation (partially excavation) as a part of excavating the ground inside the tunnel based on the tunnel contour only on the left and right edges and the upper half of the entire tunnel space. As a method of installing the support beams, after installing the ceiling support while carrying out partial excavation over the entire section, after installing the vertical support beams, the bottom horizontal support is installed while digging the remaining soil again for the second section. Step excavation work is in progress.

In the prior art, the reason for excavating only the upper edge and the left and right edge portions of the tunnel space is to secure a space for inserting the support beam. However, when the ground inside the tunnel contour is excavated to secure the support insertion space, it is very likely that the steel pipes collapse into the excavation space due to the ground earth pressure outside the tunnel contour.

On the contrary, the tunnel construction method according to the present invention cuts adjacent portions of the steel pipes forming the tunnel contour to be long holes in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to form a receiving space in which each steel pipe communicates with each other, and is vertical in advance before the excavation work. After installing the support beam and the ceiling support into the receiving space, it is characterized by digging the entire space of the tunnel at the same time. At this time, the vertical support and the horizontal support is another feature in that both ends thereof are installed to be in close contact with the inner wall surface of the steel pipe to support the steel pipe firmly.

In the detailed description so far, as illustrated in FIGS. 6A to 6D, the present invention has been described with reference to an exemplary embodiment in which the support structure is excavated after installation of one support structure within a span. According to the tunnel construction method, as shown in Figure 12a to 10d, before performing the excavation work, after the installation of two or more support structures for a predetermined section sequentially, the construction to perform excavation work for the corresponding section It is also possible.

Description of the process of sequentially installing the plurality of support beams will be described with reference to FIGS. 12A to 12D.

12A to 12D illustrate a modified embodiment of excavating a corresponding section after installing two or more supporting structures. As shown in FIG. 12A, the width 15W of the long hole is greater than the thickness of the beam. After cutting to more than twice, the vertical support 20 and the ceiling support 30 are installed. The width of the long hole is more than twice the thickness of the beam because the first vertical support and the first ceiling support is installed, the second vertical support and the second ceiling support and the first vertical support and the first 1 It is to ensure sufficient storage space in the vertical direction and the storage space in the horizontal direction in order to insert the rear of the ceiling support (in the direction to enter the longitudinal direction of the tunnel).

12A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a long hole is formed to have a width two times greater than a beam thickness, and a first vertical support beam and a first ceiling support beam are installed.

FIG. 12B illustrates that the second vertical support is inserted and installed between the excess receiving spaces in the vertical direction in order to install the second vertical support behind the first vertical support in a state where the first vertical support and the first ceiling support are installed. An exploded perspective view illustrating the working process.

FIG. 12C shows the first ceiling support 30 ″ in the state where the first vertical support 20 ′, the first ceiling support 30 ′, and the second vertical support 20 ″ are installed. 12D is an exploded perspective view illustrating a process of inserting and installing a second ceiling support between horizontal excess storage spaces for installing behind the support beam, and FIG. 12D illustrates the state of FIG. 12C in plan view.

As shown in Figure 12a to 12d, the tunnel construction method according to a modified embodiment of the present invention, after installing two or more support (vertical support and ceiling support) for a certain section, excavation for the section It is also possible to carry out the work.

According to the above process, after the installation of the floor support in the excavation section is completed, briefly describe the subsequent steps, such as reinforcement and concrete placement as follows.

After the floor support installation step and the steel pipe residual part removal step are performed, the next step is to construct the floor and the wall, and the reinforcement and formwork installation and concrete pouring are performed. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which bottom reinforcement and bottom concrete placing are completed for a corresponding section in which excavation and support structure installation are completed.

10 illustrates a state in which reinforcement of the left and right side walls is in progress. When the bottom concrete is completed, as shown in Figure 10, after the installation of the wall reinforcement and the upper reinforcement (ceiling reinforcement) reinforcement and formwork to complete the concrete structure.

The floor and the wall (including the ceiling) may be divided and constructed, and if necessary, the floor, the wall and the ceiling may be collectively installed (reinforcement and concrete placement).

Then, the form dismantling process and the structure wall cleanup work is performed, the construction of the underground tunnel is completed as shown in FIG.

Underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 13, in order to minimize the soil or groundwater outflow due to the earth pressure between the gap between the steel pipe and the steel pipe (G in FIGS. 2 and 3) It is another feature that a blocking member for blocking a gap between two steel pipes is provided on the outer surface of the steel pipe.

That is, the blocking member 11, the first connector 12 is formed long in the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of any one of the two adjacent steel pipes, and the outer surface of the adjacent steel pipe corresponding to the length of the first It consists of a second connector 14 in contact with the first connector (12).

Figure 13 illustrates a preferred embodiment of a steel pipe having a blocking member that can be applied to the underground tunnel construction method of the present invention. 13 and 14, the first connector 12 as a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a projection 12b connected to the connection portion 12a and the second connector connected in a straight line along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe on the outer surface of the steel pipe. It consists of In addition, the second connector 14 provided in the adjacent steel pipe is formed at the end of the connecting portion 14a and the connecting portion connected in a straight line along the longitudinal direction on the outer surface of the steel pipe 12b of the first connector 12 It is comprised by the recessed part 14b which accommodates.

14 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the steel pipes provided with the blocking member according to the embodiment of the present invention are pressed into each other. As shown in FIG. 14, the first connector 12 and the second connector 14 installed between two adjacent steel pipes are configured to form an acute angle θ toward the tunnel space (excavation part), thereby forming two adjacent steel pipes. Effective resistance to earth pressure acting toward the tunnel space in between.

In particular, since the first connector 12 and the second connector 14 serve to guide the press-fit path of the press-fitted steel pipe, the press-fit position of the steel pipe can be secured accurately. That is, since the first connector 12 of the first press-fitted lower steel pipe 10a is advanced in the state of being fitted into the second connector 14 of the press-fitted upper steel pipe 10c, the upper steel pipe 10c is press-fitted. While it is advanced along the longitudinal direction of the first connector 12 of the lower steel pipe (10a) is to guide the upper steel pipe in the correct direction while maintaining a constant gap between the two steel pipe (10a, 10c).

When the cross-sectional shape of the first connector 12 and the second connector 14 as a preferred embodiment of the present invention is configured in a circular shape, even if the distance between two adjacent steel pipes is slightly wider or narrower than the reference interval, the first connector ( Since 12) can be rotated to some extent inside the second connector 14, the angle θ formed by the two connectors can be varied to be coupled in accordance with the distance between two adjacent steel pipes.

By applying a steel pipe with a blocking member as shown in Figure 13 and 14, the underground tunnel construction method according to the present invention, even if omitted the grouting reinforcement or installation work of the shield plate 50, the earth and sand between the pipes Alternatively, the groundwater outflow can be fundamentally blocked, thereby further improving workability.

As mentioned above, the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be implemented in various modifications in various forms without departing from the scope of the present invention.

10 (10a-10g): steel pipe, 15: long hole
20: vertical support beam
30 (31,32a, 32b): ceiling support, 40 (41,42a, 42b): floor support
50: shield plate

Claims (4)

A tunnel construction preparation step of installing a propulsion base and a reaction wall for tunnel excavation, and setting the steel pipe press-fitting position according to the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel to be constructed;
A steel pipe press-in step of sequentially injecting a plurality of steel pipes according to the tunnel outline by installing propulsion equipment on the reaction force wall after the tunnel construction preparation step;
Based on the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel formed by the press-fitted steel pipes, the horizontal steel pipes 10e, 10g, and 10f cut the side portions adjacent to each other by a predetermined width (15W) by a predetermined span depth to the horizontal steel pipe. Long holes 15 are formed to communicate the fields 10e, 10g, 10f from side to side, and the left and right vertical steel pipes 10e, 10c, 10a and the right vertical steel pipes 10f, 10d, 10b are adjacent to each other. A long hole 15 for cutting the left vertical steel pipes 10e, 10c, 10a and the right vertical steel pipes 10f, 10d, 10b up and down by cutting a predetermined width (15W) long to a predetermined span depth. A long hole forming step of forming a width of the vertical support beam 20 supporting the tunnel and a width of the ceiling support beam 30 to allow adjacent steel pipes to communicate with each other;
The left and right vertical supporters 20 are respectively installed into vertical long holes 15 formed on the left and right of the cross section contour of the tunnel, and the upper end of the left vertical support 20 is the upper inner surface of the upper left steel pipe 10e of the tunnel cross section contour. In close contact with the left vertical support, the lower left end of the tunnel cross section contour of the lower left portion of the steel pipe (10a) to be in close contact with each other and installed to support the two steel pipes (10e) (10a) in the vertical direction, right vertical The upper end of the support beam 20 is in close contact with the upper inner surface of the right upper steel pipe (10f) of the tunnel cross section contour, the lower end of the left vertical support beam is in close contact with the lower inner surface of the lower steel pipe (10b) of the tunnel cross section right contour, respectively. A vertical support installation step of installing the two steel pipes 10f and 10b in a vertical direction;
The ceiling support 30 is installed into a horizontal hole formed in the upper cross section of the tunnel, and the left end of the ceiling support 30 is in close contact with the left inner surface of the steel pipe at the left end of the cross section of the tunnel cross section. The right end of 30 passes through the ceiling support installation step of being installed in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe at the right end of the tunnel cross section contour, and after completing the structure installation along the left and right and top contours of the tunnel cross section,
A section excavation step of performing ground excavation work in the tunnel for the section in which the structure installation is completed;
A steel pipe remaining part removing step of cutting the steel pipe remaining part 18 left inside the tunnel contour in the section excavated by the section excavating step;
The bottom support 40 is installed in accordance with the lower contour of the tunnel cross section, the left end of the bottom support 40 is in close contact with the inner surface of the left side of the steel pipe of the left end of the tunnel cross section contour, the bottom of the support 40 The right end is performed after the floor support installation step of being in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe of the right end of the tunnel cross section contour;
By repeating the above series of steps for subsequent sections,
Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that the excavation work is performed step by step after the completion of the support (vertical and ceiling support) installation for a certain section to withstand the stress of the ground around the tunnel.
The method of claim 1,
After the long hole forming step,
In order to shield the gap between the two adjacent steel pipes, further comprising a shielding plate installation step of coupling the shielding plate 50 by welding connecting the outer periphery of the incision surface of the two adjacent steel pipes to each other,
Is coupled between the shielding plate 50 and the vertical support 20 via a brace member 55,
Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that the coupling between the shield plate 50 and the ceiling support (30) via a brace member (55). A tunnel construction preparation step of installing a propulsion base and a reaction wall for tunnel excavation, and setting the steel pipe press-fitting position according to the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel;
A steel pipe press-in step of installing the propulsion equipment on the reaction force wall after the tunnel construction preparation step and sequentially press-in a plurality of steel pipes according to the tunnel outline;
Based on the cross-sectional contour of the tunnel formed by the press-fitted steel pipes, the horizontal steel pipes 10e, 10g, and 10f cut the side portions adjacent to each other by a predetermined width (15W) by a predetermined width (15W) for the long hole (15). ), The left vertical steel pipes (10e, 10c, 10a) and the right vertical steel pipes (10f, 10d, 10b) are each cut by a certain width (15W) long to a predetermined depth (span) depth adjacent to each other Forming the long hole 15, the width of the long hole is formed to a width that can accommodate the thickness of the vertical support 20 and the ceiling support 30 to support the tunnel to form a long hole so that adjacent steel pipes communicate with each other Steps;
The left and right vertical supporters 20 are respectively installed into vertical long holes 15 formed on the left and right of the cross section contour of the tunnel, and the upper end of the left vertical support 20 is the upper inner surface of the upper left steel pipe 10e of the tunnel cross section contour. In close contact with the left vertical support, the lower left end of the tunnel cross section contour of the lower left portion of the steel pipe (10a) to be in close contact with each other and installed to support the two steel pipes (10e) (10a) in the vertical direction, right vertical The upper end of the support beam 20 is in close contact with the upper inner surface of the right upper steel pipe (10f) of the tunnel cross section contour, the lower end of the left vertical support beam is in close contact with the lower inner surface of the lower steel pipe (10b) of the tunnel cross section right contour, respectively. A vertical support installation step of installing the two steel pipes 10f and 10b in a vertical direction;
The ceiling support 30 is installed into a horizontal hole formed in the upper cross section of the tunnel, and the left end of the ceiling support 30 is in close contact with the left inner surface of the steel pipe at the left end of the cross section of the tunnel cross section. The right end of the 30 through the ceiling support installation step to be installed in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe of the right end of the tunnel cross section contour, after completing the structure installation along the left and right and upper contour of the tunnel cross section;
A section excavation step of performing ground excavation work in the tunnel for the section in which the structure installation is completed;
A steel pipe remaining part removing step of cutting the steel pipe remaining part 18 left inside the tunnel contour in the section excavated by the section excavating step;
The bottom support 40 is installed in accordance with the lower contour of the tunnel cross section, the left end of the bottom support 40 is in close contact with the inner surface of the left side of the steel pipe of the left end of the tunnel cross section contour, the bottom of the support 40 The right end is performed after the floor support installation step of being in close contact with the right inner surface of the steel pipe of the right end of the tunnel cross section contour;
By repeating the above series of steps for subsequent sections,
An underground tunnel construction method for carrying out excavation work step by step after completion of installation of support beams (vertical support and ceiling support) for a certain section so as to withstand the stress of the ground around the tunnel;
The outer surface of the steel pipe is made of a blocking member for blocking the gap between two adjacent steel pipe is provided along the longitudinal direction of the steel pipe,
The blocking member 11 has a first connector 12 which is formed on the outer surface of one of the two adjacent steel pipes in the longitudinal direction thereof, and the first connector is long on the outer surface of the adjacent steel pipe thereof in the longitudinal direction thereof. Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that consisting of a second connector (14) in contact with (12).
The method according to claim 1 or 3,
The ceiling support 30,
Between the left and right vertical support 20, both ends are respectively coupled to the two vertical support 20, the main support (31) for supporting the upper central steel pipe (10g),
It is arranged on the same axis line as the main support 31, one end is in close contact with the left inner surface of the upper left steel pipe (10e), the other end is left auxiliary support (32a) coupled to the left vertical support (20) Wow,
It is arranged on the same axis line as the main support 31, one end is in close contact with the right inner surface of the upper right steel pipe (10f), the other end is the right auxiliary support (32b) coupled to the right vertical support (20) Underground tunnel construction method characterized in that consisting of.

Images