KR101066566B1 - The system for analyzing electric potential rise using electrolytic tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a potential rise analysis system using an electrolytic bath, and by mounting a ground electrode on the surface of the center of the electrolytic bath and applying a ground current between the ground electrode and the electrolytic bath, the surface potential rise can be measured by a probe. Its purpose is to provide a potential rise analysis system using an electrolytic bath.

The present invention for achieving this object is a hemispherical electrolytic water tank containing a solution; A power supply for applying a ground fault current to the ground electrode installed in the electrolytic bath; A potentiometer for moving the probe according to an operation control signal of the controller and measuring the potential at a set point; And a control device that controls the movement position of the probe, receives the data measured through the probe from the potential measuring device, and interprets the received data in various forms. Characterized in that it comprises a.

Electrolytic bath, probe, potential rise, ground electrode

Description

Potential rise analysis system using electrolytic bath {THE SYSTEM FOR ANALYZING ELECTRIC POTENTIAL RISE USING ELECTROLYTIC TANK}

The present invention relates to a potential rise analysis system, and more particularly, by mounting a ground electrode on the surface of the center of the tank, and applying a ground current between the ground electrode and the tank, using an electrolytic bath that measures the surface potential rise with a probe. It relates to a potential rise analysis system.

In general, large-scale power supply and signal grounding systems that require high soil resistivity or low resistance grounding systems occupy most of the reticulated grounding systems having several horizontal buried ground lines and vertical rods connected thereto.

However, there are not many structural variables such as the optimum layout structure of the grounding system, that is, the depth, spacing, ground electrode size of the horizontal buried ground line or vertical rod. Due to such a large number of variables, it is practically difficult to find the optimal layout structure by constructing a ground scale of a real scale.

As an alternative to real scale measurement, there is a numerical method using a calculator. However, a large amount of calculation time is required to reduce the computational error of the network grounding system that requires a ground resistance of 1 [Ω] or less. This analytical method is certainly a very useful tool for evaluating grounding systems, but it's not the only one, and sometimes needs to be proven.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is provided by attaching a ground electrode to the surface of the center of the electrolytic bath, and applying a ground current between the ground electrode and the electrolytic bath, so that the surface potential rise can be measured by a probe. It is a characteristic purpose to provide a potential rise analysis system using a water tank.

The present invention for achieving the technical problem relates to a potential rise analysis system using an electrolytic water tank, hemispherical electrolytic water tank containing a solution; A power supply for applying a ground fault current to the ground electrode installed in the electrolytic bath; A potentiometer for moving the probe according to an operation control signal of the controller and measuring the potential at a set point; And a control device that controls the movement position of the probe, receives the data measured through the probe from the potential measuring device, and interprets the received data in various forms. Characterized in that it comprises a.

According to the present invention as described above, there is an effect that the potential distribution for the ground electrode of various forms can be easily confirmed in various forms such as two-dimensional, three-dimensional plane and three-dimensional.

In addition, according to the present invention, by using a water tank experimental apparatus applied with the ETM technique, it is possible to analyze the characteristics of a variety of grounding system, it is also possible to provide a grounding simulation system that can obtain more reliable measurement data.

Specific features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description based on the accompanying drawings. In the meantime, when it is determined that the detailed description of the known functions and configurations related to the present invention may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, it should be noted that the detailed description is omitted.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the present invention.

The potential rise analysis system S using the electrolytic bath according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 17 as follows.

First, the principle of the ETM technique applied to the present invention is as follows.

The ETM (Electrolytic Tank Modeling) technique reduces the conductor size and embedding depth of the actual grounding system to arbitrary scales, and maintains the equipotential surface shape generated when current flows through the grounding system. It is a device that allows.

인 반구가 있다고 하면 무한원점으로부터 이 반구까지 전압을 인가하면 모든 등전위면은 반구가 된다. For a finite electrode embedded near an even surface, the equipotential surface becomes hemispherical as the observation point moves away from the electrode. The electric field is the same even if the conductive surface is replaced with this equipotential surface. Therefore, if a power supply that maintains the original potential is connected to the back surface, the electric field inside the surface becomes constant even if the area outside the surface is excluded. By applying the same principle to the tank tank, the radius of the surface of the semi-infinity ground as shown in FIG.

If there is a hemisphere, all equipotential surfaces become hemispheres when voltage is applied from the infinite origin to this hemisphere.

의 반구를 설치하더라도 등전위면은 변하지 않는다. 이들 두 반구간의 저항은 다음의 [수식 1] 과 같이 나타낼 수 있다. Radius

The equipotential surface does not change even if the hemisphere is installed. The resistance of these two hemispheres can be expressed as Equation 1 below.

[Equation 1]

이고,

을

로 대체하면 무한원점에 대한

의 저항은 다음의 [수식 2] 와 같으며, 두 반구간에

의 전압을 인가하면 이때 흐르는 전류는 [수식 3] 과 같다. Also

ego,

of

To replace the infinite point

The resistance of is given by Equation 2 below.

When a voltage of is applied, the current flowing at this time is as shown in [Equation 3].

[Equation 2]

[Equation 3]

은,Therefore, the potential of arbitrary distance r with respect to the infinite origin

silver,

과 무한대에 대한 탱크의 전위

의 합으로 [수식 4] 와 같이 나타낸다. The potential at point r relative to the outer wall of the tank, ie the measured voltage

Potential of the tank for and infinity

In sum, it is represented by Equation 4.

[Equation 4]

은 모의하고자 하는 전극을 반구전극으로 등가화했을 때의 반 지름이며,

는 그 내부에서 전계 왜곡이 발생되지 않는

보다 큰 수조통의 반지름이다. In the example above

Is the half diameter when the electrode to be simulated is equivalent to a hemisphere electrode,

Does not cause electric field distortion inside it

The radius of the larger tank.

The ideal model for reducing an infinite earth ground system to a confined space is a contour with contours of equipotential points with the same potential value formed by the fault current. The shape that satisfies this condition is a hemispherical shape formed from a limited distance away from most real ground electrodes, such as a rod-shaped ground electrode, a buried ground wire, a plate ground electrode, and a reticulated ground electrode.

2 is an overall configuration of the potential rise analysis system (S) using the electrolytic bath according to the present invention, as shown in the electrolytic water tank 100, the power supply device 200, the potentiometer 300 and control Device 400.

Electrolytic bath 100 is a hemispherical water tank having a predetermined size to accommodate the solution, as shown in Figure 3 and 4 has a support 110 in the lower portion, the valve and the drain pipe 120 in the lower support It is installed, the ground terminal 130 is installed.

In addition, four insulating supports 130 having a predetermined size are installed in the electrolytic bath 100, and the insulating supports 140 are installed to be adjacent to the adjacent insulating supports 140 at 90 ° to each other.

In this embodiment, the material of the hemispherical electrolytic bath 100 will be set to STS 304 (stainless steel), thickness 0.006m, diameter 2m, height 1.2m, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, in the present embodiment, the material of the insulating support 130 will be set to a bakelite plate, a thickness of 0.03m, a width of 0.1m, and a length of 0.49m, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

On the other hand, the ground electrode used in the construction site in the electrolytic bath 100 was simulated. The actual ground electrode and the model scaled down to 80: 1 are shown in Table 1 below.

At this time, the groundwater, which is easy to measure, was filled in the electrolytic water tank 100 to simulate the soil having a single layer structure, and the experimental ground electrode 150 was reduced to 80: 1 from the surface of the water to be analyzed by 0.0095m A stainless conductor with a diameter of 0.001 m was used to allow fixing to depth.

In addition, the reason why the experimental ground electrode 150 is installed at a depth of 0.0095 m from the water surface is that the ground electrode is installed at 0.75 m or less from the ground surface in the Electrical Equipment Technical Standard, which is reduced to 80: 1. Because it is.

Actual model [m] Reduction model [m] Buried depth of ground electrode 0.75 0.0095 Size of reticular ground electrode 24 × 24 0.3 × 0.3 Diameter of reticulated earth conductor 0.01 0.001 Rod length of electrode 8 0.1 Diameter of Rod Ground Electrode 0.0127 0.001

[Table 1] Real model and reduced model of 80: 1 reduction

Meanwhile, the ground electrode 150 may be used as (a) rod type, (b) combination type, (c) network type, and the like as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

In addition, in order to install the above-described ground electrode 150 under the water surface of the electrolytic bath 100, an electrode support 160 as shown in FIG. 7 may be installed.

Electrode support 160 is composed of an insulating material so that all can be mounted under the water surface, the water motor is provided at the bottom and is waterproofed. The moving range is 0.3 ~ 1m vertically and 0 ~ 1m horizontally. In addition, as shown in Figure 8 is connected to the digital position measuring device 161 that can measure up to the first digit after the decimal point in mm, it is possible to precise electrode installation.

As shown in FIG. 9, the power supply device 200 applies a ground current to the ground electrode 140 installed in the electrolytic bath 100.

At this time, the power supply 200 used single phase 220 [V], 60 [Hz] as the input power. Single phase 10 [kVA] isolation transformer (IT) is used to consider the safety when separating and measuring the fault current with 220 [V] power meter and to protect the test circuit from external noise, surge and transient. A single phase 5 [kVA] voltage regulator (VR) was used to achieve this.

In addition, 2P, 220 [V] and 50 [A] circuit breakers (MCCB) were installed on the primary and secondary sides of the transformer for protection of the circuit and human body, and 2P, 220 [V] and 50 [A on the primary side of the transformer. ] An earth leakage breaker (RCD) was installed. A single phase 300 [V] digital voltmeter and a single phase 50 [A] digital ampere meter were mounted on the power supply to indicate the applied voltage and current. A schematic circuit diagram of the power supply is shown in FIG.

The potentiometer 300 moves the probe P according to an operation control signal of the controller 400 and performs a function of measuring the potential at a predetermined point, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. A square frame 310 that accommodates the electrolytic bath 100, and installed on the square frame 310 to measure the potential at a point set through the probe P according to an operation control signal of the control device 400, and measure It comprises a potential measuring unit 320 for transmitting the data to the control device 400.

That is, the potentiometer 320 is data including position information of the probe P according to an operation control signal of the control device 400 and potential measurement data of a point according to the position information (hereinafter, referred to as 'result data'). ) Is transmitted to the control device 400.

At this time, the rail frame 311 is formed on the left and right sides of the rectangular frame 310 to move the potential measuring portion 320 back and forth, and the front and rear movement of the potential measuring portion 320 on the rail structure 311 on both sides. The rail bar 312 to be formed is formed.

That is, the potentiometer 320 including the probe P may move forward and backward along the rail structure 311, and may move left and right and up and down through the rail bar 312.

On the other hand, the probe (P) is for measuring the potential of the surface or the inside of the water, using a copper rod of 0.0051m in diameter, it is completely fixed by the support of the probe to be detected by shaking or tilting during transportation, Do not cause distortion of potential rise.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the horizontal movement distance of the rail bar 312 is 0 to 0.2 m, and the horizontal movement distance of the potential measurement part 320 including the probe P is 0 to 0.2 m. Although the vertical movement distance of (P) is set to 0 to 0.5 m, the present invention is not limited thereto.

At this time, although not shown in detail, a motor for moving the probe on the rectangular frame 310 is provided, the variable speed range of the motor is 0 ~ 0.01m / s.

The control device 400 controls the movement position of the probe P, and receives the data measured through the probe P from the potential measurement unit 320, and performs the function of interpreting the received data in various forms. 13, the probe operation setting unit 410 and the potential rise analysis unit 420 are included.

Specifically, the probe operation setting unit 410 sets the trajectory of the measurement point to be measured, that is, the lateral and longitudinal distances of the electric potential measuring part 320 including the probe P, and transmits the operation control signal according to the electric potential measuring part ( To 320).

The potential rise analysis unit 420 receives the result data including the position information of the probe P and the potential measurement data of the point according to the position information from the potential measurement unit 320, and receives the received result data. The potential rise is analyzed and displayed in various forms.

At this time, the potential rise analysis unit 420 is equipped with a program for analyzing the potential rise based on the 'result data', so-called 'potential rise analysis program', the position information of the probe (P) measurement range and accordingly The analysis results can be displayed in two or three dimensions, in a planar or three-dimensional form.

Hereinafter, the experimental evaluation results using the potential rise analysis system (S) using the electrolytic bath according to the present invention is as follows.

To measure the potential measurement technique and accuracy before measuring the potential rise by shape of the ground electrode, the potential rise at the center of the electrode is measured using an oscilloscope, a precision measuring instrument, and an indicator and potential mounted on the control device. Instructions on the upward analysis program were compared and evaluated, and the evaluation results are shown in the following [Table 2].

Measuring system Indication value [V] oscilloscope 107.2 Indicator 107 Potential rise analysis program 107

[Table 2] Comparison of indicated values

As shown in [Table 2], it was found that the same value appeared in the indicator and the potential rise analysis program, and it was confirmed that the signal transmission was precisely performed in the potential rise analysis program on the potential measuring device and the control device.

In addition, when the error rate was calculated based on the value measured by the oscilloscope, 0.18 [%] was shown, indicating that the reliability of the measured value using the ETM method was very high.

14 is an example of an analysis program for measuring the potential rise around the installed ground electrode. 14 (a) is a screen displaying the position tracking status of the measurement probe for the set measurement range and displays the position of the probe on the screen until the end of the measurement.

14B is a screen of a measurement and analysis program, and it is possible to set a measurement range setting, a range of X and Y axes, a font size, a display method of measurement data, and the like. The measurement data can be a two or three-dimensional plane, a three-dimensional display, or the like.

In the potential rise with respect to the rod-shaped ground electrode, when the ground current was flown at 1 [A] after the rod-shaped ground electrode was placed in the center of the tank, the potential rise of the water surface was measured around the ground electrode.

15 shows an example of potential distribution of a rod-shaped ground electrode, (a) a two-dimensional potential distribution curve measured at a distance of 400-1600 [mm] in the radial direction to the center of the rod-shaped ground electrode, x-axis, and y; (B) three-dimensional plane and (c) three-dimensional potential distribution curve measured in the range of 400-1600 [mm] for the axis. The value measured by the 3D potentiometer is an example expressed in the program.

The maximum was found at point 1 [m] in the center of the bath, which was 107 [V] per [A]. At this time, the applied voltage was 227 [V]. (a) As can be seen from the two-dimensional distribution diagram, the potential gradient was very steep in the vicinity of the ground electrode and showed a symmetrical distribution around the 1 [m] point. (b) In the three-dimensional planar distribution map, it can be seen that the equipotential lines show the shape of concentric circles centering the buried ground electrode. In addition, (c) the three-dimensional stereoscopic distribution diagram shows the potential rise distribution according to the X-axis and Y-axis distances, and shows a conical shape.

FIG. 16 shows an example of potential distribution of a combination ground electrode. When two rod ground electrodes are combined, the potential rise is measured when a ground current of 1 [A] flows through the center in the same manner as the rod ground electrode. At this time, the applied voltage is 170 [V].

Compared to the case where only one rod-type ground electrode was embedded alone, (a) As can be seen from the two-dimensional distribution diagram, the maximum value was 83 [V] and the potential rise was reduced by more than 20 [V]. (B) The equipotential line was formed centering on the center part where the combined ground electrode was embedded and the equipotential line in the center where the ground electrode was embedded in the three-dimensional planar distribution diagram. This elliptical characteristic is shown. This is considered to reduce the potential rise due to the ground current by combining the two rod-shaped and the ground conductor connected between the ground electrode.

Therefore, when installing two rod-type ground electrodes connected in series than the case of embedding the rod-type ground electrodes alone, it may be more advantageous in terms of human body and facility protection.

17 is an exemplary view showing the potential distribution of a 0.3 [m] × 0.3 [m] reticular ground electrode, in which (a) shows a two-dimensional distribution diagram, and (b) and (c) shows a three-dimensional plane and The three-dimensional distribution diagram is shown.

Like the rod-type ground electrode, a ground fault current of 1 [A] was applied, at which time the applied voltage was 46 [V]. As shown, symmetrical distribution was shown around the ground electrode, and the maximum value was about 41 [V] per 1 [A].

(a) As can be seen from the two-dimensional distribution diagram, the potential distribution was almost constant between 800 [mm] and 1150 [mm] where the ground electrode was installed. This proves that equipotentialization occurs when the reticular ground electrode is installed. Also, as shown in (b) three-dimensional planar distribution diagram, the portion where the reticulated ground electrode is embedded is equipotentially formed in a quadrangle.

Accordingly, it can be seen that the contact voltage and the stride voltage, which are dangerous voltages, are very low in the part where the reticulated ground electrode is installed, thereby reducing the electric shock accident. Among the measured and analyzed ground electrodes, the lowest potential distribution was shown and the equipotential formation part was also wide.

As described above and described with reference to a preferred embodiment for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the configuration and operation as shown and described as described above, it is a deviation from the scope of the technical idea It will be understood by those skilled in the art that many modifications and variations can be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, all such suitable changes and modifications and equivalents should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

1 is an exemplary view showing an equipotential line around a hemispherical ground electrode in a semi-infinity ground.

2 is an overall configuration diagram of a potential rise analysis system using an electrolytic bath according to the present invention.

3 is a plan view of an electrolytic water tank according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tank according to the present invention.

5 is an exemplary view showing various types of ground electrodes according to the present invention.

6 is an actual photographic view of various types of grounding electrodes in accordance with the present invention.

7 and 8 is an exemplary view showing an electrode support according to the present invention.

9 is an exemplary view showing a ground current applied to the ground electrode installed in the electrolytic bath through the power supply device according to the present invention.

10 is a circuit diagram of a power supply according to the present invention.

11 and 12 are configuration diagrams relating to an electric potential measuring device according to the present invention.

13 is a detailed block diagram of a control device according to the present invention.

14 is an example of an analysis program for measuring the potential rise around the installed ground electrode according to the present invention.

Figure 15 is an exemplary view showing the potential distribution of the rod-shaped ground electrode according to the present invention.

Figure 16 is an exemplary view showing the potential distribution of the combined ground electrode according to the present invention.

17 is an exemplary view showing the potential distribution of the reticular ground electrode according to the present invention.

** Description of symbols for the main parts of the drawing **

S: potential rise analysis system using electrolytic water tank

100: electrolytic tank 110: support

120: valve and drain pipe 130: ground terminal

140: insulation support 150: ground electrode

160: electrode support 200: power supply device

300: potentiometer 310: square frame

311: Rail structure 312: Rail bar

320: electrometer measurement unit 400: control device

410: probe operation setting unit 420: potential rise analysis unit

Claims (9)

In the potential rise analysis system (S) using an electrolytic bath, Hemispherical electrolytic water tank 100 for receiving the solution; A power supply device 200 for applying a ground current to the ground electrode 140 installed in the electrolytic bath 100; A potential measurement device 300 which moves the probe according to an operation control signal of the control device 400 and measures a potential at a set point; And A control device 400 for controlling the movement position of the probe P, receiving data measured through the probe P from the potential measuring device 300, and interpreting the received data in various forms; Including, The potential measuring device 300, The electrolytic bath 100 is accommodated, and rail structures 311 are formed to move the potentiometer 320 back and forth on both left and right sides thereof, and the potentiometer 320 is front and back on both rail structures 311. A square frame 310 having a rail bar 312 moving up and down; And A potential measurement part installed on the quadrangular frame 310 to measure the potential at a point set through the probe P according to an operation control signal of the control device 400, and transmit the measured data to the control device 400 ( 320); Including; The potentiometer 320 is, It is possible to move back and forth along the rail structure 311, it is possible to move left and right, up and down through the rail bar 312, the position of the probe (P) according to the operation control signal of the control device 400 Information and data including electric potential measurement data of the point according to the positional information (hereinafter referred to as 'result data') to the control device 400, The control device 400, Probe operation setting unit (410) for setting the transverse direction, longitudinal distance of the electrometer measuring unit 320 including the probe (P) and transmits the operation control signal according to the electrometer (320); And Receive 'result data' including the position information of the probe P and the potential measurement data of the point according to the position information from the potential measurement unit 320, and analyze the potential rise based on the received 'result data' A potential rise analysis unit 420 displayed in various forms; Including, The potential rise analysis unit 420, Equipped with a "potential rise analysis program" that analyzes the potential rise based on the "result data", and displays the position information and the analysis result of the measurement range of the probe (P) in two- and three-dimensional plane and three-dimensional form , The electrolytic water tank 100, Including an electrode support 160 made of a heat transfer material for installing the ground electrode 150 under the water surface of the electrolytic bath 100, the electrode support 160 is waterproof, the submerged motor is provided below And, the potential rise analysis system using an electrolytic water tank, characterized in that the connection is installed with the digital position measuring device (161). delete delete delete delete delete delete The method of claim 1, The electrolytic bath 100 has a support 110 in the lower portion, the potential rise using the electrolytic bath, characterized in that the valve 110 and the drain pipe 120, the ground terminal 130 is provided below the support 110. Interpretation system. The method of claim 8, The electrolytic bath 100 is provided with four insulating supports 140 therein, and the insulating support 140 is installed so as to be formed at 90 ° to each other with the adjacent insulating supports 140. Potential rise analysis system using water tank.

Images