KR101065269B1 - Method and apparatus using pneumatic fracturing and multicomponent injection of a liquid or dry media for the treatment non-naturally occurring subsurface soil and groundwater contamination - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a method of crushing the strata using compressed gas (pneumatic fracturing, hereinafter referred to as "compressive crushing"), a method for maintaining the crushing network by continuously flowing the compressed gas into the crushed strata, liquid or solid media The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for injecting with gas at an appropriate pressure.
This median input into the media promotes the treatment or reduction of contaminants. The device utilizes a special nozzle device designed to adjust the flow rate and pressure of the gas to achieve various shredding and injection effects.

Description

METHODS AND APPARATUS USING Pneumatic fracturing and multicomponent injection of a liquid or dry media for the treatment non-naturally occurring subsurface soil and groundwater contamination}

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for improving the purification efficiency of underground soil and groundwater pollution using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection, and injecting gas into the soil without moving the soil. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for treating pollutants.

Today, subsurface pollution poses a serious threat to both humans and the wild flora and fauna around them and to the environment, and is considered an important environmental issue in industrialized countries. While the government is gradually tightening regulations to reduce and regulate such underground pollutants through legislation, traditional purification techniques take much time to clean up the contaminated site and fail to reach the cleanup goals set by the management. In addition, techniques that are useful for pollution purification are expensive because of the long processing time. And these costs hinder the sale or active development of the contaminated area.

Soil below ground level, groundwater contamination can occur in various soil layers. The expression "soil formation" as used herein means any geological layer consisting of soil, weathered rock or normal rock, or a combination of all of these. Soil or a hardened layer is composed of hardened mineral grains, such as clay, silt, sand, gravel or a combination of these. A common rock or hardened layer, or bedrock, is composed of lumps of petrified mineral particles. These are usually sandstone, siltstone, limestone, gneiss, basalt, and granite.

Contaminated areas or pollution can occur in various forms and concentrations. The term contaminated or underground contaminants or non-naturally occurring contaminants means areas that exceed the allowable concentrations set by the Government. Soil below ground level contains groundwater and is usually divided into two regions. Unsaturated Zone, also known as the Vadose zone, contains water and air. Second is the Saturated Zone, where all voids are filled with water. At present, the present invention can be applied to both of these areas, and is applicable to both non-stick soils (granular sand soil and gravel) and sticky soils (silts, clay and bedrock). Many sites have difficulty cleaning up, mainly because of site location and geological characteristics. This may be the case if the location of the contaminant is at a depth beyond which it is not possible to excavate the contaminated soil or if the contaminated soil is located below the structure or facility.

The largest limiting factors of existing and recent technologies that can be applied to soil in the Vadose region are the permeability, geological heterogeneity, and the potential for change in lipids of the soil to be treated. The efficiency of the underground treatment process decreases as soil permeability decreases. For soils with low permeability, existing process or conventional techniques are very inefficient and require a lot of time to clean up. This is because contaminants are trapped in the environment with low permeability. The low permeability of the soil is caused by many factors, mainly high clay content, high soil density and high fluid viscosity. Therefore, the substantial efficiency of the underground treatment process in the unsaturated or saturated bed can be improved by increasing the permeability of the soil.

Remedial products require contact with contaminants to reduce the concentration of contaminants. The success of the cleanup depends on this contact. The compression crusher improves the permeability of the low permeability strata when used alone. Injecting liquid media, which can reduce or eliminate contamination, using compressed gas is a method of delivering liquid substances to purify areas with low permeability. Injection of dry media with compressed gas is a method of directing the solids purification material to these low permeability zones. Mechanically cracked cracks in non-straight layers can collapse after a period of time. The injection of solid media with compressed gas may allow the media to support these cracks and also extend their support period for traditional treatment methods to be applied or for the continuous injection of other purification materials.

Previous inventions have been directed to a general apparatus and method for treating unnaturally contaminated groundwater and soil. The present invention relates in particular to the above methods, particularly to methods and apparatus for treating soil without removing soil from contaminated areas. The gas is injected at high flow rates and at high speeds to create artificial crack networks in the soil to a substantial extent and to continuously inject gases to maintain the expanded crack network. This cracking network helps to reduce processing time by making areas with inaccessible geological properties into more permeable areas.

The previous invention involves injecting various solid, granular media into the gas stream and sinking them all over the soil layer.

In addition, previous inventions have included methods and apparatus for stabilizing, maintaining and propagating microorganisms useful for purifying contaminated soil or groundwater through nutrient and gas injection.

In addition, the previous invention has addressed another approach to purifying contaminated soil in certain situations, particularly in the presence of radioactive waste contamination. Another approach is to isolate vitrified waste sites by placing vitrified underground structures around the contaminated waste. This is accomplished by soil solidification by melting and vitrification using heat generated in the soil itself between the electrodes installed at regular intervals.

The previous invention includes a device for injecting and storing solid media into the underground strata using tanks, valves and pipes.

In the case of the previous invention, there has been a detailed description of plate-type nozzles with new orientation. These nozzles can apply high flow rates into the strata, creating planar or small angle planar voids substantially 360 degrees around, and resulting from rapid injection of solid media in dry carrier gas in accordance with the guidelines provided. Fills. Small angle planar voids are created by the rapid injection and cutting of compressed gas (the effect of cutting the soil in the strata when the compressed gas strikes the strata at high flow rates).

Common injection companies use direct push methods, which limit the lateral distribution of the injection material. Other injection companies use radial injection, where the injection material can only flow in the preferred passage, resulting in a non-uniform distribution. Both of these methods may be restricted from accessing contaminated areas located below structures or facilities.

To date, the method has not discussed methods for treating contaminated areas. Fracture or injection in contaminated areas can extend contaminated areas to previous clean areas. In addition, the method of overlapping media injection and crushing (cracking) has not been discussed in order to maximize the distribution of injection media and reduce the overall treatment cost and purification time during purification.

To date, the method can cause short-circuiting in use or consume a large amount of gas to reduce field productivity.

Current methods do not consider sensitive materials, that is, materials that may be cut or altered during injection, depending on soil conditions. Thus, the injected media may remain ineffective within the contaminated area.

The devices to date have not considered alternatives to inflatable packer injection or additional packers which are a means of reducing success in the application of technology in the use of directional nozzles.

To date, device systems have not considered the use of temporary wells. Temporary tablets provide temporary stability to the strata during crushing or injecting activities.

The devices to date do not currently seal up and down the fracture cracks and potentially cause vertical (vertical) injection which generally reduces the radius of influence of the injection media.

The devices and methods to date cannot maximize both radius of impact and cracking in clay-like soils with extremely low permeability.

The methods and apparatus to date do not discuss selective liquid media injection in a different way from bioremediation.

The previous invention has not discussed liquid media injection devices.

The previous invention did not discuss means or methods for installing directional nozzles.

The previous invention did not discuss compressed air injection devices.

The previous invention did not discuss methods for crushing and / or injecting into, near or below structures or facilities.

It is an object of the present invention to reduce the potential for migration of contaminated areas to clean areas, to reduce the source contaminated areas, to expand contaminated areas vertically and horizontally through approaches and methods, and to reduce contaminated areas by reducing field activities for cleanup. To reduce the overall cost of purification by increasing the efficiency or by applying existing purification techniques to increase the efficiency of the process.

The method of using a directional nozzle to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is less than 90 ° to the injection point to be used for compression fracture, liquid media and solid media injection. Injection, wherein the injection comprises: a. Set injection points to contaminated area boundaries below unnaturally occurring strata to minimize contamination or dispersion of contaminants; b. Inject compressed gas in one or several directions from the contaminated area boundary below the unnaturally occurring strata to the center of the contaminated area so as to prevent the movement and dispersion of contaminants and to create a processing barrier around the contaminated area; c. First complete the injection at another boundary injection point around the contaminated area, d. After completing injection in one or multiple directions at the other boundary injection point, the remaining boundary point is injected in one or multiple directions to maximize the radius of influence, e. After completing the fracture or injection at the boundary injection point, the central injection point in the contaminated area may be injected to interconnect in multiple directions at 360 ° with the boundary injection point.

The use of directional or radial nozzles to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression fracture and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is less than 90 ° to the injection point to be used for compression fracture, liquid media or solid media injection. A method of using a directional nozzle to inject at an angle of or a radial nozzle to inject at 360 °, the injection comprising: a. Implanted to provide a vertical distribution at multiple depths or heights within the unnaturally occurring contaminated area to increase the healing area of the contaminated area below the strata; b. Injecting compressed gas at varying depths or heights at adjacent injection points to improve the permeability of the contaminated area or to provide redundancy of injected media to save overall processing costs.

The injection of the liquid media or the solid media of the method of using a directional or radial nozzle for improving the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection, a. Injecting the compressed gas to form a crushing net, b. Injecting liquid media into the shredding network to purge contaminated areas below the unnaturally occurring strata, c. Selectively inject the compressed gas and liquid media to broaden the radius of influence of the media or the crushing network, based on the observed downhole injection point backpressure of lipids below the strata, d. Based on the observed downhole injection point back pressure of the lipid below the strata, the compressed gas and solid media may be selectively injected to widen the median impact radius or the crushing network.

The injection of the liquid media or the solid media of the method of using a directional or radial nozzle for improving the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection, a. Injecting the compressed gas to create an initial passageway of crushed nets or injected media, b. Stop injecting the compressed gas and inject the liquid media into the shredding network, c. When the injection pump of the liquid media reaches the maximum pressure, the injection of the liquid media is stopped and the compressed gas is re-injected at a pressure equal to or less than the pressure of the injection pump. During operation of the injection pump, the compressed gas is injected into the crushing network. Move the media within the fracture network further away to fill more media with cracks in the contaminated area, d. The liquid media having the ability to separate or decompose, such as emulsified zero valent iron or microorganisms, can be injected.

The method of removing or reducing the liquid contaminants below the strata to improve the efficiency of underground soil contaminated soil and groundwater pollution using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is performed by injecting compressed fracture or solid or liquid media into a single layer or A method of removing or reducing liquid contaminants beneath an unnaturally occurring strata in a multi-layered strata, a. The use of injection nozzles with 90 degree directional or other small angles to maximize the radius of influence and minimize the potential impact of deviating from the direction of the nozzle, b. Or using a multi-port injection nozzle, c. A nozzle is placed between the two inflatable packers to separate from the injection and / or crush zones, d. A third expandable packer is placed on top of the borehole to prevent gas or media release or short-circuit in the isolated area, and the third packer may be placed in a temporary casing or above the screen gap if crushing occurs through the well.

The apparatus for reducing the pressure on the crushing network to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is a device for reducing the pressure on the crushing network based on hard clay lipids. And a temporary well positioned within the shredding network and screened and installed at the same depth as the infusion or shredding depth, wherein the temporary definition point is a pressure relief valve to release to the atmosphere or to maintain a temporary stability of the lipid during shredding or injection. (pressure relief valve).

A device that horizontally injects compressed gas, liquid media, or solid media at an angle of 90 ° or less to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification by using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection. Compressed gas, liquid comprising an injection port for sealing of previously completed shredding and / or injection to reduce short-circuit flow of compressed gas, liquid or solid media below the injection point, which can reduce the efficiency of the injection or shredding process. Media or solid media can be injected horizontally.

Storage, recirculation, and liquid media injection systems for compressed soil crushing and multi-media media to improve polluted soil purification efficiency are connected to each other by pipes and separate conical tanks and skids are separated from multiple manual actuated valves. Located on the side, one is two pumps for high pressure air injection and one for low pressure air injection, the third pump is located at the back of the skid, the third pump that can continuously inject the liquid injection to maximize the injection amount during injection, It may include.

The apparatus for injecting one or more solid media into the strata through one or more gas streams to improve the soil soil purification efficiency using compressed gas crushing and multi-component media is a source for storing the solid media and the solid phase in the geological layer. A conduit for moving the media and the gas stream, the conduit for piping solid media and the gas stream below the face of the lipid layer, the supply including mixing means and adjacent the conduit for supplying only gas into the lipid layer. A moving part for feeding the gas stream to the conduit, including separated piping, wherein the separated piping comprises a separate high pressure, high flow regulator and actuator to effect shredding prior to injection of the solid media. Connect one or more solid media to the strata It can be injected into the ground floor through the gas flow.

The use of directional or radial nozzles to improve the efficiency of polluting soils using compressed gas crushing and multi-media media is not limited to chemicals that react or come into contact with contaminated soil or liquids, and biologically contaminants. Entering one or more strata can remove or reduce sub-stratum liquid or solid contaminants that occur unnaturally in one or more strata.

The installation method of directional nozzles to minimize the installation time of directional nozzles to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is a. Using a small auger, drill a temporary hole to a pre-determined depth, remove the auger if a temporary hole is installed, and use a hammer or push in the nozzle and transfer casing to the depth drilled by the auger, or b. Or install a temporary casing to a pre-determined depth above the minimum depth of the vertical treatment area, then use a hammer or push in the nozzle to the estimated depth, or c. Alternatively, a small auger is used to drill into the expanded clay layer, and a mud rotary drilling and composite are used to drill a temporary hole to a predetermined depth.If a temporary hole is installed, the auger is removed and a nozzle and The transfer casing can be hammered or pushed in.

Compressed gas crushing or liquid or solid media is injected in aerobic environment to improve the efficiency of underground soil soil and groundwater pollution purification using compressed crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection. Compressed gas crushing or liquid or solid media containing the holding tank may be injected.

The use of directional or radial nozzles to improve the efficiency of underground soil contamination and groundwater pollution purification using compression crushing and multi-component liquid or solid media injection is a utility in which the crushed and / or solid or liquid media are built or buried in the ground. It can be injected into one or more layers on the installation.

The success of restoration is to know the pollutant or the contaminated area. The soil characteristics of the source area can dominate the spread and containment of the contaminated area. So large areas of pollution can occur and flow down, areas where pollutants have not been contaminated at high concentrations.

Crushing and injecting at the injection point at the boundary of the contaminated area can prevent the spread of high concentration contaminated areas into the clean area. Maximum influence radius can be obtained when the preferential passage is reduced by using a directional injection nozzle. Injecting the media at the boundary has the effect of creating a barrier to the treatment area around the central injection point, which reduces the spread or migration of the contaminated area.

In addition to cross-crushing, the influence radius can be maximized by injecting liquid media, continuous injection at staggered injection points, or injection of different depths at nearby injection points.

These methods can reduce the total cleanup execution time and the total cleanup cost. Many sites require a large amount of injectable material to achieve the purpose of purification. Continuous mixing and feeding of the injection material consequently reduces the injection time. At many points (especially clay soils), very large pressures are required for initial fracture before injecting solid media into the cracks. The improved solid injection skid device maximizes the radius and reduces the work to be done on site, thereby reducing overall costs.

The nozzles used in the liquid injection technique using compressed gas are used together when the compressed gas is broken in an open borehole or when the compressed gas is broken through a well screen. It is also used for solid media injection. The choice of injection nozzle depends on the geological properties of the soil.

In solid media injection, crushing is applied before injection. Along with the gas, the liquid material is injected in the form of a pulse, which is when injecting a delicate material that is not cut. Crushing and injection are intermittent to minimize the amount of injection in shallower areas.

By utilizing these methods and devices, a more uniform injection distribution can be achieved and soils with low permeability can be effectively treated. This methodology also allows greater lateral distances of the injection and allows injection points to be located outside the structure or facility. However, even in inaccessible areas, injection can be performed without damaging the structure.

Resilience

Advanced restoration techniques using vegetable oils and emulsified oils have been applied in many contaminated sites. After performing bioremediation at a site, it takes about two years to meet the detection limit concentration. Other sites may require the injection of several mixed nutrients for long-term bioremediation. Over the course of nine months, pollutant concentrations continued to decline.

The first full-scale project was undertaken to inject pneumatic liquid injection of emulsified zero valent iron using compressed gas. Injection points were 38. Chlorinated organic solvents, DNAPL species, were reduced by 95% within a year.

Nano-ferrous iron and emulsified oil were injected into three projects contaminated with DNAPL. Within 15 months the concentration of contaminants was reduced to an undetectable level.

Mixed nutrients and nano iron were injected into silty sandy and clay soils to improve bioremediation. There was a decrease in pollutant concentration over the year.

Where various other restoration techniques were applied, ceramic beads were injected for free product recovery.

Ceramic bead injection connected adjacent injection points with each other, and the recovery wells installed after crushing and injection resulted in a 325% increase in the recovery and successive recovery of the free product.

Frac sand was injected and there were sites that had been cleaned up afterwards. The flow rate increased from 1.5 l / min to 756 l / min when frucsand injection was followed by chemical oxide injection.

There have also been cases of ferrous iron injection into solid media to reduce the decomposition of chlorinated solvents. Within 60 days after injection at one site, the concentration of contamination was reduced by 90%. As a result of the other points, there was a reorientation in the direction of the contamination centerline through the injected points, which was not detected for one year after the project was completed.

1 is a plan view schematically illustrating a partial site design method according to the present invention, which is injected into a boundary injection point at another location, and continues to be injected into a central injection point to an adjacent injection point of the boundary injection point, A single or multi-directional nozzle as shown is used at the boundary injection point leading to the central injection point.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the method of injection at different injection depths or heights at adjacent injection points in accordance with the present invention, in which fracture and median injections appear to overlap in the vertical direction, using directional or radial nozzles to achieve a vertical distribution. drawing.
3 is a side schematic cross-sectional view of a typical injection well in accordance with the present invention, wherein the internal delivery pipe has an upper packer and a lower packer connected to the casing wall or connected to an open borehole, the casing or Create an enclosed space between the two packers in the open borehole,
3A is a cross-sectional side schematic view of a multi-port injection nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
3B is a plan cross-sectional view of one port direction and a multi-port injection nozzle in accordance with the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle having one injection port having a self-advancing direction according to the present invention, wherein the numbered positions show significant changes in dimensions.
5 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a nozzle having a self-advancing direction showing an opposite injection port according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a device for compressed liquid media injection or liquid media injection, comprising six liquid media storage tanks, pumps, pipe piping and required valves, as part of a ground apparatus of the actual scale apparatus of the present invention. FIG.
7 is a part of the ground apparatus of the actual scale device of the present invention, in which two tanks for storing solid media are connected side by side with a general pipe and injection of compressed gas crushing and compressed solid media including valves required for operation. Or schematic of the device used for solid media injection.
8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a method of installing a nozzle having a self-advancing direction shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

The present invention provides the following method.

1) Compression fracturing is used in combination with pneumatic injection (hereinafter referred to as compression injection) of solid or liquid media;

2) the method in which compression crushing is not used together with the compression injection of solid or liquid media (i.e. only compression crushing is performed),

3) Compression fracture + media injection only (not compressed media injection).

The above method utilizes a directional nozzle that can be injected at an angle of 90 ° or less. Use the nozzle above at all points, starting at the boundary point and up to the central point.

This method is mainly used for source area cleanup where the movement of contaminated areas is concerned. However, it can be used in any contaminated area.

The first step prior to site implementation is to review the branch information. Site information consists of borehole logs, contaminant locations, contaminant concentrations, vertical and lateral depths of contaminants, geophysical data and purification targets of the current geology to review current geology.

Based on the review of the point information, the injection point is designed as shown in FIG. The injection point is selected around the boundary (P) of the contaminated area (D) and the non-contaminated area (C), and the point toward the center of the contaminated area (D) based on the predicted radius of influence.

Within the field, it is determined whether continuous compressed gas crushing and / or injection at the injection point 10 is made. The first boundary P injection point 10 is completed and each moves to a different injection point 14.

Fracture and / or injection at the point of boundary P is done in a single or multiple directions to the center of the contaminated area. After the injection at this point P in other positions is done, injection is similarly performed at the adjacent point 14.

Based on the observed ROI (Rodius of influence) made at the point of boundary P, the points at these adjacent locations can be lost or adjusted. Once the injection of all boundary P points is complete, injections are made to the points located in the central part of the contaminated area D. It is then interconnected with the boundary P injection point and injected in multiple directions to achieve the desired range or distribution. The location of this central injection point can also be adjusted based on the observed effect radius (ROI) made at the point of boundary P.

to summarize,

1) Compression Crushing + Compression Injection (Liquid or Solid Media)

2) compression crushing

3) Compression fracture + solid or liquid media injection

Use directional nozzles of 90 degrees or less

Use in areas where the spread of contaminated areas is concerned.

The execution phase is

1) Point Information Review: Borehole Record, Pollutant Location, Contaminant Concentration, Vertical and Lateral Depth of Contaminants, Geophysical Data of Geology, Purification Goals

2) Injection point design: The injection point is set around the boundary of the contaminated and non-contaminated areas, and the point is selected toward the center of the contamination in consideration of the influence radius.

3) Compressive fracture, compression injection, or a combination of these may be determined according to site characteristics.

4) Complete compression fracture, compression injection, or a combination thereof at the boundary injection point and move to another point (alternating position) at the boundary.

-Run in a single or multiple directions at the boundary point

-Adjusting the nearby injection point based on the influence radius observed at the boundary point

-When the boundary point is over, the center point of the contaminated area is injected and multi-way injection

-Number of injection points based on influence radius

The present invention provides the following method.

1) compression crushing is used together with compression injection of solid or liquid media;

2) the method in which compression crushing is not used together with the compression injection of solid or liquid media (i.e. only compression crushing is performed),

3) Compression Fragmentation + Method in which only solid or liquid media injection is performed (not compressed media injection).

The above method uses a directional nozzle that can be injected at an angle of 90 ° or less, or a radial nozzle or injection port 20 with multiple ports that can be injected in a 360 ° range.

Use the nozzle above at all points, starting at the boundary point and up to the central point.

This method is used to maximize the radius of influence and to create a better vertical distribution of injected media or compressed gas. As shown in FIG. 2, the compressed gas is injected to have the same depth at the cross injection point (continuous injection so as to occur and the cross injection point).

The injection of the compressed gas is terminated at all cross injection points, followed by the injection of adjacent points, at different depths at the first injection point. If possible, create overlap vertically by changing the direction of the nozzle and by varying the depth of injection at the nearby injection point.

to summarize,

1) Compression Crushing + Compression Injection (Liquid or Solid Media)

2) compression crushing

3) Compression fracture + solid or liquid media injection

-90 ° nozzle or 360 ° nozzle or multi-port injection nozzle

-Injections are made at the same injection depth at the two injection points but with different injection heights, so that there is a cross injection point;

The present invention provides a method of using the following.

A method of using a nozzle that can be injected at an angle of 90 ° or smaller, and a method of performing compression and compression of solid or liquid media together using a radial nozzle that can be injected at 360 °. Instead of going forward.

Alternating compression and media injection can minimize the amount of compressed gas injected into the soil. The advantage of this method is that it is applied to the point of hard clay layer, which is mainly shallow, where shallow currents can occur.

When crushing is applied to a shallow depth, it is possible to reduce the amount of compressed gas injected into the soil, thereby reducing the potential leakage of gas to the surface. Using this method, the influence radius of the media to be injected is increased, and the total cost is minimized by reducing the amount of compressed gas injected into the soil.

The method includes the following steps.

If possible, compress the soil layer in a predetermined direction and height using compressed gas that takes into account underground cleanup or injected media. Immediately thereafter, liquid media is injected into the carrier fluid without using any compressed gas, or solid media is injected into the crushed net using compressed gas.

During the injection, the injection activity is stopped and the soil is crushed again to observe the downhole pressure in the soil, to recreate the passage (crack) and to extend the radius of influence. In addition, solid or liquid media are injected until a predetermined amount or weight is reached.

In summary, compression crushing and compression injection (using liquid or solid media) using angle nozzles of less than 90 °, 360 ° nozzles, and multiport injection nozzles. Crushing and infusion can be carried out alternately and applied to clay layers, shallow soils. That is, this method can be performed in the order of crushing-> liquid media injection or solid media compression injection-> downhole pressure check->crushing-> media injection using compressed gas considering media and purification activities.

The present invention provides the following method.

Compression crushing and compression injection of liquid media are performed by using a nozzle that can be injected at an angle of 90 ° or smaller, a nozzle that can be injected at 360 °, or a multi-port injection nozzle. Inject in pulse form.

This method is used when the liquid media is a material that is likely to be shear deformable and sensitive to injection (emulsified zero iron or microorganisms). The steps of this method are as follows. If possible, compress the crushed or fluidized soil to a predetermined depth and direction using a compressed gas that takes into account the injected media or underground clean-up. Immediately thereafter, liquid media is injected into the first passage without any compressed gas. When the inlet pump of the liquid medium reaches its maximum pressure, the pump is stopped and the pressure of the compressed gas is increased close to the pump pressure to allow the compressed gas to circulate with the injected material or media (70 is a compressed gas supply). Compression gas injection stops when approximately 5-10% of the intended volume is injected. The injection is completed when the predetermined amount of liquid median injection is reached.

The present invention resides in a device. The apparatus is shown schematically in FIG. 3. The apparatus includes an internal transfer pipe 72, a three part packer assembly (three packers, 40, 50, 60) and high speed flow injection nozzles 20, 30. The high flow rate injection nozzles 20, 30 may be a single port 32 or a dual port 22.

The single port is shown in Figures 3a and 3b,

It consists of an angle of 90 °, an angle of less than 90 °, or an angle of greater than 90 ° and the multiport 22 consists of two 90 ° or 360 ° as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B.

These injection nozzles 20, 30 are connected between the inflatable balloon upper packer 50 and the inflatable balloon lower packer 40. Both packers 40 and 50 are connected to surround the soil drilling portion. The spacing of packers 40 and 50 depends on the design of the project.

The third packer 60 is placed above the upper packer 50 at a precomputed interval based on the position of the temporary well casing 74 or the riser position connected to the well. When the packer 60 is installed within a positive screen spacing or within a larger diameter well connected to an open borehole, the packer 60 expands and adheres tightly to the positive wall to create a sealing area between packers in the well. .

In the open borehole, where the third packer 60 is connected to the temporary static casing, the third packer 60 assembly or the top packer assembly is injected if the bottom packer 40 contracts or breaks. Minimize potential side leakage of material or compressed gas.

Or if the annular space is outside the screened definition or the bottom packer shrinks or breaks within the screened gap, minimizing potential side leakage of injected material or compressed gas (where the third packer is screened). Is connected with the riser above the gap).

The present invention resides in a device. The device is shown in FIG. 4. The apparatus includes a directional nozzle (single port 30, 90 ° or less than 90 ° or greater than 90 °) with a single port 32.

The nozzle 30 has improved the existing design, which significantly changes the dimensions of the nozzles (from 1 to 6 in FIG. 4) to reduce the amount of injected compressed gas or amount of injected media.

This dimensional change minimizes injected media and compressed gas leakage above or below the injection port.

5 shows a novel design, in which the multiple ports 22 are on opposite sides of the different ports or at 180 ° from the center of each port.

Use this nozzle in a uniform strata without concern for the preferred passage (flow only in a certain direction). The use of this nozzle reduces field work during restoration.

The present invention is in the configuration of a liquid media injection device. The apparatus is shown in FIG. 6. The device comprises a separate tank 6-1, a manual valve 6-2 and three pumps 6-3, 6-4, 6-5 connected together by pipes.

Through this device, liquid media injections can be performed alone or in combination with compression fracturing or compression injection. Tanks can store a variety of liquid media (ie nutrients, emulsified oils, oils, chemical oxides, inoculum and other media).

These media are checked for the amount injected by the valve in the tank. Thus the amount or any combination of these media to be used is allowed. Two pumps are on the injection side of the skid. One (6-3) is for high pressure injection and one (6-4) is for low pressure injection. The third pump (6-5) is located behind the skid for continuous injection of liquid media. This minimizes down-time.

Injection skids have a continuous pumping capacity. Continuous injection can reduce the fall time. The field activities are as follows.

The pump 6-5 behind the injection skid charges the liquid media into the rear tank valve and allows the loaded material to be pumped forward of the skid. Once injection is started, either pump is used to allow continuous pumping from the front of the skid. Depending on the geological properties of the soil, the material loaded into the central tanks is temporarily filled first, in order to inject or off-load without interrupting the injecting activity. As a result of this configuration, the injection material supply and injection activity can be continuously performed.

The present invention is in the construction of a solid median injection device. The device is shown in FIG. The apparatus includes each tank connected together by pipe. Each tank includes a manual valve 7-1, an automatic valve 7-2, a scale and a separate pipe 7-3 for crushing only.

Injection skids are an improvement over conventional solid media injection skids. Through this device, solid media are injected either alone or in combination with compression fracturing or compression injection. The tank contains a variety of solid media, such as frac sand, ceramic beads, graphite / glass frit, a mixture of glassy porcelain, zero valent metals or other media. These medians are checked for the amount injected by the valve 7-1.

Thus the amount or any combination of these media to be used is allowed. Two tanks 7-4 are on one side of the skid and are connected to each other by a common pipe for injection. In addition, a bypass pipe is connected for the floating of the media. There are separate pipes (7-3, 7-5), which are in parallel pipes in parallel. This is to perform the shredding separately from the injection pipe. This maximizes the shredding net and / or the radius of influence.

The field activities are as follows. Open the valve (7-6) in the shredding pipe to perform initial shredding or to break up the already created passageway. Once the passage is made, the valve (7-6) on the shredding pipe is closed and at the same time open the valve which depends on the normal pipe of the injection skid. Compressed gas enters the soil through the pipe. An automatic valve is used to let the compressed gas out through the bypass pipe. Solid media is then injected into the gas stream. When the set weight is injected, solid media injection stops. Compressed gas is then injected into a common pipe to wash away any material remaining in the pipe or hose.

The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus configuration for injecting liquid media alone or in combination with compression fracturing. This is an improvement over previous inventions that only deal with bioremediation. Other media that can chemically react with or reduce or degrade contaminants in contaminated areas are used in this method. The apparatus used is a liquid media injection system (FIG. 6), a directional nozzle or a radial nozzle (FIGS. 4 and 5) and a packer assembly described above.

As shown in FIG. 8, the present invention provides a method of installing a directional nozzle at a predetermined depth or height. This method reduces the nozzle installation time. Therefore, the purification cost can be reduced. The method of the present invention can be carried out as follows. Augers with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the injection nozzle are used to temporarily drill holes to the maximum depth of crushing or to the injection depth.

Using a drill rig to remove the auger and work on both sides, hammer or push the nozzle to the depth of the auger. Another alternative of the present invention is to install a temporary casing with a diameter larger than the nozzle to a defined depth, ie above a minimum treatment depth.

The nozzle is then hit or pushed with a hammer to the predetermined depth of treatment. In the case of expanded clay, another method of the present invention is as follows. Temporarily, drill holes to a predetermined depth with an auger having a diameter smaller than the directional injection nozzle. Mud rotary drilling and polymers are used. When the maximum depth is reached, the auger is removed. Then hit or push the nozzle with a hammer. Then insert the casing to the depth reached by the auger.

The present invention includes the apparatus shown in FIG. Here solid or liquid media are injected while maintaining aerobic conditions. The device includes a compressor and auxiliary equipment capable of injecting a high flow volume. Auxiliary equipment is equipment to contain metal rust, oil and other fine particles, dryers and storage tanks to hold a large amount of high pressure compressed air.

The present invention provides a method in which compression crushing, solid media injection and / or liquid media compression injection are applied near or below a structure or utility facility. Under these conditions, technical performance follows the next step. Identify all structures or facilities present. This can be done by reviewing existing built drawings. Then visit and confirm all structures or facilities. The final evaluation report is concluded. These basic assessment reports consist of the assessment of potential impacts on the structure, the devices to be used for monitoring and the maximum allowable travel distances. Preliminary surveys of existing structures (or facilities), including photographs and videos, are conducted. Conduct field activities, such as fracturing and / or infusion, with the monitoring detailed in the baseline assessment report. Post-mortem investigations should be undertaken after the crushing and / or infusion activities are completed. Similar to a precondition investigation. Compare the pre and post condition survey photos with all monitoring data presented in the report. This methodology minimizes the potential adverse effects on structures or facilities during crushing and / or injection activities.

10: injection point 20, 30: high speed flow injection nozzle
22: dual port 32: single port
40, 50, 60: packer assembly P: boundary
D: Contaminated area C: Non-contaminated area

Claims (6)

A method of removing or reducing contaminants by using a directional nozzle or a radial nozzle at an injection point such that the injection gas for compression fracture or injection point to be used for injection of liquid or solid media is at an angle of 90 ° or less. silver,
a. Set injection points to the contaminated area boundary to minimize the movement or dispersion of contaminants,
b. Inject compressed gas or liquid or solid media in one or several directions from one injection point at the contaminated area boundary to the center of the contaminated area to prevent the movement and dispersion of contaminants and to create a processing barrier around the contaminated area,
c. Complete injection of compressed gas or liquid or solid media at the other injection point of the contaminated area,
d. Complete the injection of compressed gas or liquid or solid media in one or multiple directions at the other boundary injection point, and then compress the compressed gas or liquid or solid media in one or multiple directions at the remaining boundary injection point to maximize the radius of influence. Inject,
e. After completing injection of compressed gas or liquid or solid media at all boundary injection points, inject compressed gas or liquid or solid media so that the central injection points in the contaminated area are interconnected in multiple directions 360 ° with the boundary injection points. doing,
A method of removing or reducing contaminants using a directional or radial nozzle comprising a step. Contaminants can be removed or reduced by using compressed gases for compression fracturing, directional nozzles for injection at an angle of no more than 90 ° to injection points to be used for injection of liquid or solid media, or radial nozzles for injection at 360 °. , The injection,
a. Injecting compressed gas or liquid or solid media into the contaminated area to provide a vertical distribution at multiple depths or heights,
b. To improve the permeability of contaminated areas or to provide overlap of injected media to reduce the overall processing cost, compressed gas or liquid or solid media injected at the injection point is injected at a different depth than the adjacent injection points. Injecting compressed gas or liquid or solid media with different depths or heights,
A method of removing or reducing contaminants using a directional or radial nozzle comprising a step. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The injection is a liquid media and solid media is injected together,
a. Inject compressed gas to make a crushing net
b. Inject liquid media into the shredding network to purify contaminated areas below the strata,
c. To measure the downhole injection point backpressure at the injection point and based thereon to widen the median radius of influence or the shredding network and to reduce the short-circuit of potential gases released to the surface at shallow depths. Injecting the compressed gas and liquid media,
d. By measuring the back pressure of the downhole of the injection point and based on this, the contaminants are removed by using a directional or radial nozzle which injects the solid media using the compressed fracture and compressed gas to widen the radius of influence or the fracture network. To reduce or reduce. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The injection is an injection of liquid media,
Infusion of the liquid media,
a. Injecting compressed gas to create the initial path of the crushing net or injected media,
b. Stop the injection of the compressed gas and inject the liquid medium into the crushing network,
c. When the injection pump of the liquid media reaches the maximum pressure, stop the injection of the liquid media and re-inject the compressed gas to a pressure less than the pressure of the injection pump, while the injection pump is operating, the compressed gas injected is the crushing network Moving the media in the crushing network further to fill the liquid media with cracks in the contaminated area,
Wherein said liquid medium is a liquid medium having the ability to separate or decompose, such as emulsified zero valent iron or microorganisms. delete The method according to claim 1 or 2,
A method of removing or reducing contaminants using directional or radial nozzles that inject compressed gas or compressed or liquid media for compression fracturing into one or more strata where buildings are erected or buried.

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