KR101065184B1 - A production system of coal gas from low-rank coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low coal coal gas production system capable of producing coal gas containing syngas (H ₂ and CO) as main components, and a supply unit for guiding and transporting the low coal injected into a hopper; And rotating the main body to pyrolyze the lower coal introduced into the main body and to discharge the synthesized gas and char in the form of a rotary kiln; and the magnetic kiln connected to the rotary kiln and flowing into the urethane removal means. A first separation unit for recovering and inducing and transmitting only synthesis gas; and a tar included in the synthesis gas connected to the first separation unit, collected through a cooling scrubber, recovered by tar removal means, and the high purity synthesis gas. A second separation unit which guides and discharges only the bay; and a storage tank connected to the second separation unit to store high-purity syngas; The synthesis gas is characterized in that it can be used directly as a fuel for power generation and synthetic oil, methanol, DME, high-purity hydrogen-producing material.

Description

Low grade coal coal gas production system {A PRODUCTION SYSTEM OF COAL GAS FROM LOW-RANK COAL}

The present invention relates to a low coal coal gas production system capable of producing coal gas mainly composed of syngas (H ₂ and CO) by using a low-cost rotary kiln, and more specifically, a low coal containing moisture. By converting the interior of the rotary kiln into a steam atmosphere by using the water contained in the lower coal, the methane component of coal gas generated during pyrolysis is reduced and the components of syngas (H ₂ and CO) are increased. The present invention relates to a low coal coal gas production system configured to produce synthetic oil, DME, methanol, and syngas capable of obtaining electricity through various post-treatment processes.

As developing countries industrialize, the consumption of crude oil increases, and technology for producing liquefied fuel from coal, which is widely buried around the world, is emerging.

However, about 80% of the coal is made up of low-grade coal containing ash and moisture, and about 20% is made up of high-quality coal with no moisture and high carbon content. High-grade coal is mainly used.

Low-grade coal containing 5% or more of water is dried to remove water as much as possible and then put into a low-cost devolatilizer to be pyrolyzed in a dry atmosphere without moisture to process coal gas, which is mainly composed of methane gas with high calorific value. It was used as its source of heat energy.

In addition, by-products generated during pyrolysis of lower coal include char and tar, which are composed of carbon components containing ash, which is used as a fuel for direct heating, or used to prepare activated carbon through a post-treatment process. However, when the genre is exposed to air in a high temperature atmosphere, a combustion reaction occurs, which causes a problem of decreasing the genre output by about 30%.

In addition, high-grade coal was produced as a synthesis gas (H ₂ and CO) through a coal gasification process, such synthesis gas is a post-treatment reaction methanol synthesis process (synthetic fiber, chemical products) or FT synthesis process (synthetic oil) or DME Various synthetic fuels were produced through synthesis process (diesel alternative fuel) or hydrogen purification process (fuel cell).

However, the device used in the coal gasification process of high-grade coal is to produce synthetic gas by incomplete combustion of only volatile matter and carbon contained in coal, because the device design is very complicated and manufactured in large size because it is composed of gasifier of high temperature / high pressure. There is a problem in that the facility cost is high, and the operating cost is high due to the high temperature / high pressure operating conditions.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a low-coal coal gas production system capable of producing syngas (H ₂ and CO) using a low-cost rotary kiln. It is.

The second object of the present invention is a methane component of the coal gas generated by pyrolysis by converting the interior of the rotary kiln into a steam atmosphere by using low-grade coal containing water as a raw material and using moisture contained in the low-grade coal. It is to provide a low coal coal gas production system configured to reduce the production cost and increase the components of H ₂ and CO to produce synthetic petroleum, DME, methanol and syngas capable of obtaining electricity through post-treatment processes.

A third object of the present invention is to provide a low-coal coal gas production system having a structure that can be used as another energy source by increasing the production yield of the by-product genre.

The present invention according to a feature of the present invention for achieving the above object, the first invention relates to a low-coal coal gas production system capable of producing coal gas, the main component of the synthesis gas (H ₂ and CO), A supply unit for guiding and transporting the lower coal introduced into the hopper; and a rotary kiln having a rotating main body, which rotates the main body to pyrolyze the lower coal injected into the main body, and discharges it in the form of syngas and char. And a first separation unit connected to the rotary kiln to infiltrate the coal removal means by the self-weight that is applied to the rotary kiln and induce and discharge only the synthesis gas; and tar included in the synthesis gas connected to the first separation unit. The tar is a second separation unit for collecting through the cooling scrubber to recover the tar removal means and induces only the high purity synthesis gas; and is connected to the second separation unit for high purity It comprises a storage tank for storing the synthesis gas, the synthesis gas stored in the storage tank is characterized in that can be used directly as a fuel for power generation and synthetic petroleum, methanol, DME, high purity hydrogen production.

According to a second invention, in the first invention, the lower coal preferably has a water content in the range of 5% by weight to 40% so as to minimize the generation of methane gas by the steam atmosphere inside the rotary kiln.

The third invention is, in the first invention, the first separation unit is connected to the discharge side of the rotary kiln furnace, the first pipeline is installed to be inclined downward so that the genre can be guided by the magnetic removal means, the first pipeline It is preferable that it is configured to include a second conduit for directing and sending out only the synthesis gas to the upper.

The fourth invention, in the third invention, the genre removal means is a storage tank installed at the connection point of the first pipe and the second pipe, a cooling jacket that is external to the outer circumferential surface of the storage tank to cool the storage tank; Cooling pipes arranged in a zig-zag shape inside the storage tank to directly cool the inflowing genre, and installed in the upper portion of the storage tank and installed in the lower portion of the first gate valve to control the inflow of the genre. It is preferable that the second gate valve is intermittent, and a nitrogen line for removing oxygen introduced after the genre is discharged through the second gate valve to increase the obtained yield rate of the genre.

The fifth invention, in the first invention, the second separating portion is composed of a third conduit of the "U" shape, and the tar removal means connected to the center of the third conduit, the cooling scrubber of the third conduit It is preferable that it is comprised by the nozzle pipe body which can be installed in an inflow inside and a discharge inside, and can scatter water.

In a sixth invention, in the fifth invention, the tar removing means is preferably composed of a storage tank for storing water collected by tar, and a valve formed at the inlet and the outlet of the storage tank.

The seventh invention is, in the first invention, the rotary kiln is a hermetic type for blocking the inflow of oxygen so as to prevent combustion of low-grade coal, and is preferably a main body heating system.

In the eighth invention, in any one of the first invention, the second invention or the seventh invention, the operating temperature of the rotary kiln is preferably 400 ° C to 900 ° C range.

The present invention, unlike the devolatilization furnace using a conventional low-carbon coal containing methane as a main component, by developing a low-coal coal gas production system capable of producing coal gas mainly composed of syngas (H ₂ and CO), It is expected to be applicable to various gasification-based applications, and high-grade coal gasifiers are expensive in construction and operate at high temperature and high pressure.However, synthesis gas can be extracted from rotary kiln furnace which is relatively inexpensive and operated at low temperature and atmospheric pressure. Methanol synthesis process (synthetic fiber, chemical products) or FT synthesis process (synthetic oil) or DME synthesis process (diesel alternative fuel) or hydrogen purification process (fuel cell) When applied to the application field, it can be expected to reduce CO ₂ emissions, improve efficiency, and improve economic efficiency.

In addition, it is possible to increase the yield of production of by-product char, which is a by-product generated when pyrolysis of lower coal has an effect that can be used as another energy source.

1 is a configuration diagram of a low coal coal gas production system according to the present invention,
2 and 3 is an operation of the first separator extracted from FIG.
4 is an operation diagram of the second separator extracted from FIG.

Hereinafter, a low coal coal gas production system according to the present invention will be described in detail together with the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a low coal coal gas production system according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention uses low-grade coal containing water as a raw material, and converts the interior of the rotary kiln into a steam atmosphere using water contained in the low-grade coal, thereby generating components of coal gas. Low coal coal gas produced to reduce synthetic methane and increase synthesis gas (H ₂ and CO) to produce synthetic petroleum, DME, methanol, and synthetic gas through electricity It is about the system.

The low coal coal gas production system is composed of five parts, which is a supply part 1, a rotary kiln 2, a first separation part 3, a second separation part 4 and a storage tank. It consists of (5).

First, the water content of the lower coal used in the present invention is in the range of 5% by weight to 40%, which is for producing syngas using a low cost rotary kiln furnace (2).

The moisture content of the lower coal described above is to minimize the generation of methane gas by forming the interior of the rotary kiln 2 in a steam atmosphere, and when the steam atmosphere is used, steam reforming reaction of methane (CH ₄ + 2H ₂ O-> 3H ₂ + CO ₂ ), the concentration of methane decreases and the concentration of hydrogen increases. In addition, the carbon dioxide reforming reaction of methane (CH ₄ + CO _2- > 2H ₂ + 2CO ), Or a water gas shift reaction (CO + H ₂ O-> H ₂ + CO ₂ ), and the total gas composition can be produced by coal gas composed mainly of syngas (H ₂ and CO). Because it can.

Therefore, when the moisture content is less than 5% by weight, the production of methane gas may increase, which is not preferable, and when the water content is 40% by weight or more, it is not preferable because the supply of coal 1 may not be smooth. not.

In addition, the supply unit 1 may be provided with a transfer screw 12 so as to transfer the low-carbon coal introduced through the hopper 11 by a predetermined amount into the rotary kiln (2).

The rotary kiln 2 is connected to the supply unit 1 and includes a main body 21 that rotates, and rotates the main body 21 to pyrolyze the lower coal injected into the main body 21 to synthesize syngas. It functions to dissolve and discharge in the form of and char.

The rotary kiln 2 may be configured to adjust the installation angle within the range of 0.5 ° to 20 °, which may be determined by the operating temperature and residence time of the low-grade coal.

In addition, the residence time of the lower coal is preferably set in the range of 30 minutes to 200 minutes, since less than 30 minutes may not be supplied with sufficient heat in the thermal decomposition of the lower coal, the yield of the synthesis gas can be reduced, If it is 200 minutes or more, the concentration of volatile components remaining in the pyrolyzed syngas and by-product char is too low, which is not preferable because the combustion characteristics may be deteriorated.

In addition, the operating temperature of the rotary kiln 2 ranges from 400 ° C. to 900 ° C., which means that pyrolysis of low-grade coal is difficult to occur when the operating temperature is less than 400 ° C., and the coal gas obtained compared to the thermal energy supplied when the temperature is higher than 900 ° C. It is not preferable because the yield of is not large.

Meanwhile, the outer cylinder 22 is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the main body 21 of the rotary kiln furnace 2, and the outer cylinder 22 is provided with a plurality of heating means 23 to heat the outside of the main body 21. It may be configured as. This is not preferable in the case of the internal heating method because oxygen must be supplied to oxidize the coal gas pyrolyzed in the rotary kiln 2 so that the yield of coal gas can be reduced.

In addition, the rotary kiln 2 is of course composed of a sealed type for blocking the inflow of oxygen to prevent the combustion of low-grade coal.

In addition, the first separation unit 3 is connected to the rotary kiln (2) to recover the inlet into the inside of the purge removal means 33 by the weight of the purulent and functions to induce and discharge only the synthesis gas.

The first separation unit 3 is connected to the discharge side of the rotary kiln 2, the first pipe 31 is installed to be inclined downward so as to be guided by the weight removal means 33 by the magnetic weight, and the It is composed of a second conduit 32 in communication with the first conduit 31 to induce and send only the synthesis gas to the upper portion.

Here, the genre removing means 33 is installed at the connection point of the first pipe 31 and the second pipe 32 to be configured to collect the genre by its own weight, and also to cool the genre when discharged to the outside It is configured to prevent external oxygen from flowing into the first separation unit 3 and the char removal means 33.

To this end, the removal means 33 is stored in the storage tank 331, the outer circumferential surface of the storage tank 331, a cooling jacket 332 for cooling the storage tank 331 itself, and the storage tank ( A cooling pipe 333 disposed in a zigzag shape to directly cool the genre flowing into the storage tank, and a first gate valve installed on the storage tank 331 to control the inflow of the genre. 334) and a second gate valve 335 installed at the lower part to control the discharge of the genre, and to remove the oxygen introduced after the genre is discharged through the second gate valve 335 to increase the yield of the genre. It consists of a nitrogen line 336 to.

That is, the purge removal means 33 cools the genre introduced into the storage tank 331 through the cooling jacket 332 and the cooling pipe 333 and contacts the external oxygen due to high heat when discharged to the outside. To prevent combustion, and when the second gate valve 335 is opened to discharge the cooled genre, external oxygen introduced into the storage tank 331 is discharged to the outside through the nitrogen line 336. It is configured to prevent the combustion of the genre by oxygen flowing into the storage tank 331 to increase the amount of genre production.

On the other hand, the second separator 4 is connected to the first separator 3 and collected through tar cooling scrubber contained in the synthesis gas to recover the tar removal means 42 and induces only high purity synthetic gas. To function.

The second separation unit 4 is composed of a third conduit 41 of the "U" shape, tar removal means 42 connected to the center of the third conduit 41, the cooling scrubber is the first It consists of the nozzle pipe | tube 411 which is provided in the inflow inside of the three pipe | tube 41, and the discharge inside, and can scatter water.

The tar removing means 42 is composed of a storage tank 421 for storing water in which tar is collected, and a valve 422 formed at the inlet and the outlet of the storage tank 421.

In addition, the storage tank (5) is connected to the second separation unit (4) to function to store the tar removed synthetic gas, the stored synthetic gas is a methanol synthesis process (synthetic fiber, chemical) or a post-treatment process or It is used as raw material of various synthetic fuel manufacturing through FT synthesis process (synthetic oil) or DME synthesis process (diesel alternative fuel) or hydrogen purification process (fuel cell).

In addition, the syngas may optionally be directly used as a fuel for power generation.

Hereinafter will be described briefly together with the accompanying drawings with respect to the operation of the first separation unit for removing the genre.

2 and 3 are views showing the operation of the first separator extracted from FIG.

As shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the syngas and the pyrolysis pyrolyzed in the rotary kiln (2) is discharged to the discharge side by the inclination of the rotary kiln (2), and the discharged syngas and the first It flows into the 1st pipe line 31 of the separator 3 (FIG. 2 (a)).

At this time, the synthesis gas introduced into the first pipe line 31 is sent out through the second pipe line 32 in communication with the first pipe line 31, and by the own weight along the inclined first pipe line 31. It is stored in the storage tank 331 of the purge removal means (33).

When the genre reaches the storage limit value in the storage tank 331, the first gate valve 334 closes the inlet of the storage tank to intercept the inflow of the genre into the storage tank 331. (B))

Afterwards, the genre stored in the storage tank 331 is cooled through the cooling jacket 332 external to the storage tank 331 and the cooling pipe 333 disposed in a zigzag form in the storage tank 331 to external oxygen and Prevents genre from burning on contact.

The cooled genre is discharged to the outside by the opening of the second gate valve 335, after which the second gate valve 335 is closed. ((C) of FIG. 2)

In addition, external oxygen stored in the storage tank 331 by supplying nitrogen to the nitrogen line 336 to remove external oxygen introduced into the storage tank 331 by opening the second gate valve 335. Remove ((d) of FIG. 2).

When the external oxygen is removed from the storage tank 331, the first gate valve 334 may be opened to allow genre to be stored in the storage tank 331 (FIG. 2A).

Hereinafter will be described briefly together with the accompanying drawings with respect to the operation of the second separation unit for removing tar.

4 is an operation diagram of the second separator extracted from FIG.

First, when the synthesis gas containing tar is introduced into the third pipe line 41 having a “U” shape, water is supplied through the nozzle pipe body 411, which is a cooling scrubber installed inside the inlet of the third pipe line 41 and the outlet inside. Scatter.

Then, the tar contained in the synthesis gas is collected by the scattering water, and the tar-collected water is not leaked to the outside through the third conduit 41 of the “U” type, but the storage tank of the tar removing means 42 ( 421) (FIG. 4A).

At this time, the inlet and outlet of the storage tank 421 is formed with a valve 422, respectively, can be configured to selectively discharge or inlet the water trapped tar (Fig. 4 (b)).

Therefore, the syngas sent through the third pipe line 41 of the second separation unit 4 may be stored in the storage tank 5 as a high-purity syngas from which char and tar are removed.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, various other modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover such modifications and variations as fall within the true scope of the invention.

1: supply section 11; Hopper 12: transfer screw
2: rotary kiln 21: main body 22: outer cylinder
23: heating means
3: first separation part 31: first pipe 32: second pipe
33: Genre removal means 331: Storage tank
332: cooling jacket 333: cooling pipe
334: first gate valve 335: second gate valve
336: nitrogen line
4: second separator 41: third pipe 411: nozzle pipe
42: tar removal means 421: storage tank
422: valve
5: storage tank

Claims (8)

In low coal coal gas production system capable of producing coal gas composed mainly of syngas (H ₂ and CO),
Supply unit 1 for guiding and transporting the low-cost coal injected into the hopper (11);
A rotary kiln furnace (2) having a main body (21) which rotates, which rotates the main body (21) to thermally decompose the lower coal injected into the main body (21) and discharge it in the form of synthetic gas and char;
A first separation unit (3) connected to the rotary kiln path (2) to recover the inflow into the purge removal means (33) by its own weight and induce and discharge only synthetic gas;
The tar (tar) included in the synthesis gas connected to the first separation unit (3) is collected through a cooling scrubber to recover the tar removal means (42), and the second separation unit (4) which induces and delivers only high-purity synthesis gas. );
Is connected to the second separation unit 4 is made to include a storage tank (5) for storing the high purity syngas,
Synthetic gas stored in the storage tank (5), syngas is synthetic coal, DME, methanol, low-purity coal gas production system, characterized in that can be used directly as a raw material for the production and power generation of high purity hydrogen.
The method of claim 1,
The lower coal is a low-coal coal gas production system, characterized in that the moisture content in the range of 5% by weight to 40% to minimize the production of methane gas by forming the interior of the rotary kiln furnace (2) in a steam atmosphere.
The method of claim 1,
The first separation unit 3 is connected to the discharge side of the rotary kiln 2, the first pipe 31 is installed to be inclined downward so as to be guided by the weight removal means 33 by the magnetic weight, and the Lower coal coal gas production system, characterized in that it comprises a second pipe (32) in communication with the first pipe (31) to induce and send only the synthesis gas to the upper portion.
The method of claim 3, wherein
The removal means 33 is a storage tank 331 installed at the connection point between the first conduit 31 and the second conduit 32, and the storage tank 331 is external to the outer peripheral surface of the storage tank 331 Cooling jacket 332 for cooling), a cooling pipe 333 disposed in a zig-zag shape inside the storage tank 331 to directly cool the inflow genre, and installed in the upper portion of the storage tank 331 And a second gate valve 334 installed at a lower portion of the storage tank 331 to control the inflow of the genre and regulating the discharge of the genre, and to increase the acquisition yield rate of the genre. Low coal coal gas production system, characterized in that consisting of a nitrogen line (336) for removing the oxygen introduced after the discharge of the genre through the second gate valve (335).
The method of claim 1,
The second separation unit 4 is composed of a third pipe line 41 of the "U" shape, tar removal means 42 connected to the center of the third pipe line 41,
The cooling scrubber is a low-coal coal gas production system, characterized in that the inlet of the third conduit (41), and the discharge pipe is installed on the inside of the discharge can be scattered water (411).
6. The method of claim 5,
The tar removing means 42 is a low-carbon coal, characterized in that consisting of a storage tank 421 for storing the water in which tar is collected, and a valve 422 formed at the inlet and outlet of the storage tank 421. Gas production system.
The method of claim 1,
The rotary kiln furnace (2) is a low-grade coal gas production system, characterized in that the sealed type for blocking the inflow of oxygen so as to prevent the combustion of low-grade coal, the body heating method.
The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 7,
Low rotary coal coal gas production system, characterized in that the operating temperature of the rotary kiln (2) is in the range of 400 ℃ to 900 ℃.

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