KR101061191B1 - Knowledge Management System and Knowledge Method Using Knowledge Blog of Construction Projects - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a bottom-up approach to overcome the limitations of the conventional top-down approach, by providing a knowledge repository for each individual, project, and voluntary knowledge through granting ownership of the knowledge stored in the repository to the knowledge creator The present invention relates to a knowledge management system and method using a construction blog knowledge blog that provides motivation for activities.

Knowledge, Blog, KMS, Knowledge Map, Knowledge Management

Description

Construction project knowledge blog based knowledge management system and method

The present invention relates to a knowledge management system and a method using the construction project knowledge blog, and more specifically, by creating a project knowledge blog in the unit of the project that is central to the construction through the connection with the personal knowledge blog of the project participants The present invention relates to a knowledge management system and a method for solving the problem of the knowledge of the construction knowledge management system, the gap between the information generated by the construction knowledge management system, and the loss of motivation of knowledge producers.

Due to the shift to a knowledge-based economy, the importance of knowledge management, which manages the knowledge that is the basis of corporate competitiveness, is increasingly emphasized, and a large number of construction organizations that realize the real importance are already doing knowledge management. .

The current Knowledge Management System (KMS) is largely configured to provide the following functions.

The first is the Knowledge Mapping function, which is a function that maps the produced knowledge to the knowledge map according to the type of knowledge or the division of tasks. The current knowledge map is largely in the form of knowledge and knowledge related business departments. The categories are organized according to the business process with which knowledge is involved.

Second, a search function, a function of searching for knowledge using a text-based user's search word. Currently only text search is provided for the title and content of the knowledge itself. It is a feature that users are complaining about the accuracy or speed of search.

Third, as a knowledge evaluation function, the master of the knowledge map category in which knowledge is registered evaluates the knowledge, and the evaluated scores are counted as individual or department's knowledge activity scores to evaluate individual and department's knowledge management activities. It is used as an indicator and also serves as a criterion for selecting knowledge to be used by system users.

Knowledge stored in the current KMS, which has the three main functions as described above, has attributes such as summary, details, author, reference, and applicability, and scores evaluated by the knowledge examiner. The knowledge generated by the KMS and the knowledge base are also included in the KMS.

However, both the manager of knowledge management activities and the users who actually use them question the utilization or effectiveness of the current knowledge management system. The cause is pointed out in the top-down approach taken by current knowledge management processes and the systems that run them.

Top-down approach aims to own this knowledge by organizing knowledge repositories at the corporate level, storing the knowledge from each project or the knowledge of each individual in one place. It was set as. This approach uses coercive methods, such as creating an assessment index associated with an individual's knowledge-creation activity, linking it with a personnel assessment, or assigning an individual the number of mandatory pieces of knowledge to generate knowledge. . In addition, in this process, there was a group of examiners responsible for screening all knowledge, as the Organizational Knowledge Repositories would be filled with inaccurate and unnecessary knowledge without rigorous examination of knowledge. Such top-down knowledge management has been successful in achieving quantitative expansion in the introduction of knowledge management, but has the following clear limitations, and these limitations are working even more in the project-based construction industry.

First, the reliability of knowledge management system is lowered. Motivational methods, such as incentives and knowledge-creating quotas, aim to increase the amount of knowledge, but these methods can focus on formal knowledge-creation activities that focus solely on increasing the number of knowledge to obtain incentives or to meet your quota. Make it up These formal knowledge-creating activities mainly generate knowledge that can be easily discovered from the outside, or knowledge that is inaccurate or of little usefulness, thereby degrading the quality of the overall knowledge in the knowledge repository. This deterioration of overall knowledge lowers the satisfaction of using KMS, which leads to a decrease in KMS reliability of users. This coercive approach also makes the organization feel knowledge management activities as a newly imposed task, thus creating psychological resistance to these activities. Users' lower confidence in KMS and resistance to knowledge management activities lower KMS's utilization, which in turn lowers voluntary knowledge management activities.

Second is the absence of context information. Each project in the construction industry runs under different local, social and human circumstances. Therefore, in order to accurately understand the knowledge that occurs in each project, information about the environment of the project is needed. However, the current top-down approach allows the knowledge generated by each project to be stored in the same format in one knowledge repository at the entire organization level. In this process, the content of each knowledge contains only very limited information about the project, and it is difficult for the user to grasp the continuity of the knowledge generated in the project. In addition, background information on knowledge creators is also required for effective reuse through accurate understanding of knowledge. This is because even if the content is the same, the description method or the reliability may differ depending on the person who describes the knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the experience or skills of the knowledge creator, the understanding of the field, and the description level. However, even in this area, current approaches provide very limited information. In other words, the background information about the knowledge was clearly present at the time of knowledge creation, but is lost in the process of storing it in the same knowledge repository. Because of this lack of knowledge, it is difficult to use knowledge from previous projects in similar new projects.

Third, it is a bottleneck in the knowledge review process. The process of screening all current knowledge by a group of knowledge reviewers often creates a bottleneck where the knowledge has to wait weeks or months for the audit. As a result, by the time the knowledge reaches the intended users, it may become outdated and become less valuable. In other words, this centralized examination slows down the expansion of the whole knowledge. Already, not just a few elites, but everyone in the organization can contribute to the creation of corporate intellectual property. Therefore, it is more likely that each individual has more expertise in his or her field than the minority group that conducts the knowledge review, and as a result, the value of the knowledge review behavior of the minority expert group is decreasing. In addition, since the expert groups for the knowledge examination are not dedicated to the task of knowledge examination, this task of knowledge examination is a great burden on them.

The present invention was developed to improve the above-described conventional problems, and provides a bottom-up approach to overcome the limitations of the conventional top-down approach, and provides a knowledge repository for each individual and project, and relates to knowledge stored in the repository. There is a technical problem in providing a knowledge management system and method using a construction project knowledge blog that provides motivation to voluntary knowledge activities by assigning ownership to knowledge creators.

In addition, the present invention by generating a project knowledge blog in the unit of the project that is the center of construction to accumulate and manage the knowledge by linking with the personal knowledge blog of the project participants by having knowledge and knowledge that the construction knowledge management system had Its technical purpose is to provide a knowledge management system and method that solve the problem of gaps with the generated situation information and low motivation of knowledge producers.

The present invention to solve the above technical problem, the user system equipped with an Internet browser; And a server system connected to the user system through an internet network, wherein the server system is configured to manage construction knowledge on a construction project basis by utilizing a knowledge blog of participants participating in a construction project. Personal blog management module to manage the individual knowledge of the construction project participants; A project blog management module for managing various contents constituting each construction project for each construction project; A knowledge linking module for linking knowledge on a blog of a construction project participant managed by the personal blog operation module to the project blog operation module; And a knowledge storage module for integrating and managing various types of knowledge managed by the personal blog management module and the project blog management module. The personal blog management module refers to a module for managing a personal blog that owns and accumulates the construction knowledge of individual project participants connected through a user system. The project blog management module projects the knowledge of the personal knowledge blogs of the project participants. It refers to the module that manages the construction project knowledge blog that is connected to the process information and stores it. The knowledge linkage module refers to the construction project management system that manages the company's project and connects the individual and the participating project. Means a construction knowledge repository that stores knowledge of individual construction knowledge blogs and construction project knowledge blogs, and the process information management module manages the basic information on each process of the construction project and various contents related to the process and delivers them to the project blog. Construction Project Process Information Center The knowledge evaluation module refers to a knowledge evaluation system for evaluating stored knowledge based on the popularity and user participation of a user's inquiry or recommendation. The knowledge search module evaluates the knowledge of a construction knowledge repository in a knowledge evaluation system. Refers to a construction knowledge evaluation system that searches and orders according to scores. The server system may further include a process information management module which manages basic information about each process for performing a construction project and contents related to the process and delivers the same to the project blog operation module. In this case, the project blog management The module manages various contents constituting the construction project by process, and the knowledge linking module connects the knowledge of construction project participants' blogs managed by the personal blog operation module to the corresponding processes classified in the project blog operation module. Can be configured. The server system may further include a knowledge evaluation module that evaluates the knowledge stored in the knowledge storage module and gives an evaluation score. Further, the server system may further evaluate the knowledge stored in the knowledge storage module in the knowledge evaluation module. It may further include a; knowledge search module for searching and ordering according to.

In addition, the present invention provides a knowledge management method through a knowledge management system using the construction project knowledge blog, (a) blog generation step of generating a personal blog and a project blog through a personal blog management module and a project blog management module; (b) a knowledge linking step of linking knowledge on a blog of a construction project participant managed by the personal blog operation module to the project blog operation module; And, (c) a knowledge storage step of the construction project knowledge blog comprising a; and a knowledge storage step of integrating and managing a variety of knowledge managed in the personal blog management module and the project blog management module provides a knowledge management method. .

According to the present invention as described above, the following effects are expected.

First, since the project knowledge blog is created by the project unit that is the center of construction, and the knowledge is accumulated and managed through linkage with the personal knowledge blog of the project participants, the knowledge and knowledge that the existing construction knowledge management system had was created. Solve the gaps between information and the motivation of knowledge producers. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the performance of knowledge management activities by inducing effective knowledge creation and utilization in the construction organization, and eventually help to secure the sustainability of the construction industry.

Second, it provides a knowledge repository for each individual and project, and motivates the voluntary knowledge activities by assigning ownership of knowledge stored in the repository to knowledge creators. Rejection no longer exists.

Third, as a result of evaluating actual usability, the effects of knowledge creation convenience, motivation and knowledge search and retrieval, and effectiveness of retrieved knowledge were confirmed. This can contribute to the creation of construction knowledge, bring about the effective recycling created, can lay down the knowledge management performance of the construction organization, and increase the durability of the workforce in the construction organization, thereby increasing the sustainability of corporate competitiveness. Also, if this bottom-up knowledge management process is established, the knowledge generated by each individual will be able to evaluate the individual's ability in a specific field or task.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. The present invention proposes a knowledge management process of a bottom-up approach and a knowledge management system realizing the same in order to overcome the limitations of the current top-down knowledge management process, and before describing the specific knowledge management process and its implementation system, Examine what features the bottom-up knowledge management system is defined for.

1. Bottom-up Knowledge Management System

(1) Bottom-up Knowledge Management Process

The knowledge management process of the bottom-up approach proposed by the present invention sets up a knowledge repository for each individual and each project as shown in FIG. 1, stores knowledge generated by individual knowledge or a project, and manages knowledge based on such individual knowledge repository. Allow the process to happen. By providing knowledge repositories for each individual and project, each individual voluntarily creates knowledge free from the constraints of the organization's knowledge management activities, and the generated knowledge is stored in each individual knowledge repository. It has the authority to read this knowledge.

As individual knowledge or project knowledge is stored in each individual knowledge repository, the knowledge of each knowledge repository is stored on a constant extension, making it easier for users to grasp the background information of the knowledge. As a result, it is possible to provide background information of knowledge that has been a problem in a top-down approach. This type of bottom-up approach is also a way to motivate knowledge creation, trying to encourage knowledge creation through individual ownership of knowledge, away from the compulsory methods used in the top-down approach. In today's top-down approach, knowledge is stored in enterprise-level knowledge repositories, where ownership passes to the organization. However, in the bottom-up approach, each individual will volunteer to increase their intellectual property by acknowledging ownership of the knowledge stored in each individual's knowledge repository. This type of motivation will be more effective as these intellectual assets can now be a major indicator of future assessment of an individual. Increasing voluntary knowledge production activities will increase the quality of knowledge produced compared to the existing bottom-up approach, thereby increasing the confidence of users' knowledge management system.

In the review of knowledge, a small number of reviewers evaluate the publication of knowledge, and the organization does not interfere with the publication of knowledge stored in individual knowledge repositories, but the knowledge reviewer evaluates the utilization of each knowledge. Will be done. In particular, the evaluation score is given to the evaluation of the person who reused knowledge. These evaluation scores were applied to priorities when searching for knowledge, so that knowledge with poor evaluation was not used naturally. In this way, the evaluation by a small number of judges was made by all users, and the post-post evaluation method was used to eliminate bottlenecks in the knowledge screening and to reduce the burden on the knowledge screening. It also minimized the infringement of ownership of the knowledge by removing restrictions on the publication of each individual's knowledge.

(2) Use of blog as knowledge repository

In the present invention, in order to build a bottom-up knowledge management system, blogs were used as individual knowledge repositories of projects and individuals. A blog is a website that posts user-generated content in journal form in reverse chronological order. Blogs are easy to create, easy to operate and maintain, and easy to form as a network of information through blogging. These blogs were initially used mainly as personal media, but recently, they have been accepted as a powerful tool for knowledge management by experts who recognize the effects of quantitative increase in the content and social networks. The use of blogs has already been found in other industries, and IBM is forcing employees in 30 countries to share their knowledge of the software development process or corporate strategy with individual blogs within the company.

The use of blogs as a tool for knowledge management in the construction industry has already been conceptually proposed by Mills (2006). In the construction industry, he found that knowledge sharing is centered on each individual member of the organization. Each of these people-centric aspects of knowledge sharing in the construction industry has already been argued by Cleveland (1999) and Chinowsky and Molenaar (2005). He then argued that blogs as a person-centered tool with human networks by users were suitable as tools for a bottom-up approach to knowledge management in the construction industry.

The present invention actually embodies this argument of Mills (2006), which was presented only conceptually, and extends the concept presented by Mills by placing a project blog as a project-level repository of knowledge on an individual level. Through the use of these blogs, we wanted to expect the quantitative expansion of knowledge, which is the merit of blogs, and the quick update of knowledge through social networks.

(3) Contextual Knowledge Management

The importance of using background information related to knowledge has been argued by Goldkuhl and Braf (2000). They argued that, in the presence of contextual knowledge about the organizational context in which knowledge is created, communicated and utilized, members of the organization have a greater applicability of knowledge of similar cases in the past. They are also largely a situational knowledge of the actual environment in which knowledge originated and a trans-situational knowledge that provides an interpretation of the current situation, generated from the personal experience or knowledge of the author. It is composed.

In the present invention, the concept of background knowledge is applied to effectively utilize background knowledge generated in the construction industry. Situational knowledge in the construction industry is, in most cases, information about the project's contextual information and its surroundings, and non-contextual knowledge is the knowledge creator's experience, knowledge from previous similar projects, or knowledge of a particular area. . In order to provide such information, in the knowledge management system proposed in this study, once a knowledge is created, it is stored in a personal blog, which is the individual knowledge repository of the knowledge creator who created the knowledge, and at the same time, the individual knowledge of the project in which the knowledge occurred. It is stored in the project blog as a repository. In other words, when viewing a knowledge, it provides a link to the knowledge creator's personal blog and the project's project blog. And personal blogs contain personal experience and skills, knowledge from previous projects, knowledge of specific fields, and other users' evaluation scores and feedback on these previously generated knowledge, trans-situational knowledge. To provide. The project blog also includes project details such as project size, order and designer information, geographic location, process start / end dates, process photos, participating partners, and knowledge generated by the project. We tried to provide knowledge knowledge. In this case, one knowledge is logically stored in a personal blog and a project blog at the same time, but only one physically exists, and thus belongs to a personal blog and a project blog.

2. Bottom-up Knowledge Management System Prototype

Based on the above, the present invention specifically proposes a process model for the user's knowledge input and the transfer of such input knowledge, and proposes a system architecture for realizing it as a prototype. And, we propose a system prototype developed based on this process model and system architecture.

(1) knowledge management process model

The process model of FIG. 2 illustrates the process by which knowledge is actually entered by a user, the knowledge is evaluated and stored, and reused by another user. Processes occurring in the system can be divided into knowledge input process and knowledge transfer process. In the knowledge input process, when a user enters knowledge, the entered knowledge is stored in a personal blog with the personal information extracted from the personal DB, and it is determined whether there is a project to which the user belongs, and if there is a project, the blog of the project It is stored with the process information.

The knowledge transfer process is divided into two parts. First, when a user needs to solve a specific problem, the user searches using a search word for a related situation, and knowledges matching the search word are selected, and these knowledges are sorted according to the user's score. Accordingly, the user selects the knowledge most suitable for his situation. Even if the user does not have to solve a specific problem, when the user participates in the project, and before the specific process starts, the user finds the project and the similar project, and again finds knowledge of the same process of the similar project. . The user selects the knowledge that appears useful from the knowledge thus found. After reviewing the selected knowledge, the user evaluates the knowledge, and the evaluation scores are summed by knowledge to influence the search priority. If you are not satisfied with the knowledge you have selected, you will return to the process of searching again.

(2) system architecture

3 to 7 show the configuration of the knowledge management system according to the present invention. First, personal blogs, which act as personal knowledge repositories, are linked with management modules such as personal schedules and personal profiles of individual information. do. The personal blog is generated for each user and is managed by the user, and the information about the user is linked with the enterprise-level management information system (MIS) system.

The project blog, which acts as a project knowledge repository, is linked with the management module such as the initial status of the project information and the current project status, and receives information about the schedules in the project from the process management program. These project blogs are created for each project and managed by the project manager or the knowledge manager within the project, and the periodic reports for each quarterly project are updated on the project blog.

Project blogs and personal blogs are built on ASP.net, HTML, and java scripts. Data, including the knowledge of the project's personal blogs, is sent in real time to the project blogs in XML format. The entire web application was built on top of Internet Information System (IIS) and Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL).

(3) System prototype

Based on the above-described process model and system architecture, a prototype system was developed as shown in FIGS. 8 to 11. The developed prototype system provided a list of blogs for each project that was completed or underway, which provided access to the knowledge repository for each project. In particular, FIG. 9 is a project blog screen, which provides detailed information of the project, photos and schedules showing current progress, and knowledge generated in the project. Each knowledge is linked to the corresponding process of the project, and when a specific activity is clicked on the schedule, the screen switches to a screen that provides only information and knowledge about the activity. In addition, each knowledge provides a link to the knowledge creator's personal blog, and when moving to a personal blog, it is possible to view information such as the knowledge creator's career and skills, and knowledge created by the knowledge creator.

3. Verification of usability of knowledge management system

In order to verify the system according to the present invention, a pilot test was conducted for real users, and usability with the existing system was compared.

(1) Methodology for usability evaluation

The system proposed in the present invention is designed to support the process of easily inputting the knowledge and finding and understanding the reusable knowledge of the knowledge base. Therefore, the purpose of evaluating these systems is how much can they help motivate users of construction organizations to create knowledge, and how much can they help to find and understand the knowledge available in the knowledge repository? To measure how much searching and understanding of knowledge can increase the effectiveness of knowledge recycling. However, since these items are difficult to measure with absolute figures, this study calculated the indicators to measure the relevant items and compared them with the existing KMS indicators. As the existing KMS to be compared with the proposed system, D's KMS, which shows the highest utilization among the case studies, was selected.

This assessment methodology is based on the usability assessment methodology of knowledge management tools presented by Demian and Frutcher (2006). In this study, they adopted a method for comparing the usability with other existing tools that perform similar functions at each stage of knowledge recycling to test the usability of systems that reuse knowledge at the design stage.

(2) Variables in usability evaluation

The purpose of evaluating new technologies for knowledge management is not only to determine whether they promote the creation or use of knowledge, but also to enable new technologies to be used or to recycle knowledge that existing technologies could not capture. It is to identify a specific situation that gives another value in the situation. For this purpose, the following variables are suggested.

Type of knowledge input => The knowledge generated by the construction organization is mainly related to the knowledge related to a specific process of a specific project, knowledge related to a specific project but not related to a process, and not related to a specific project. Knowledge related to work can be divided into three types. In this evaluation, some knowledge for each of the above categories was entered.

How to find knowledge According to Demia and Frutcher (2006), current KM technologies provide two ways to find knowledge: general search and exploration. Search is used when a user wants to find a specific knowledge in a situation where he or she is aware of the required knowledge, and search is used when a user accesses a related category in a situation where the user does not know what to look for. In this evaluation, knowledge was searched in two ways.

(3) Usability Evaluation Procedure

The proposed system and the usability evaluation of the existing KMS were conducted for 14 construction industry workers and related researchers who are currently using their own KMS. Each test subject took a lot of time to test, which made it difficult to target a larger number. To eliminate the influence of external factors on test data, participants consisted of similar people in age, computer literacy, and construction work experience. Each test was carried out in the following order.

Overview Explanation => The objectives of the test were explained to the participants, and the nature of the tasks to be taken in the test and a brief description of the proposed system.

Pre-practice => In order to provide participants with an opportunity to become familiar with the proposed system and with the existing KMS, we have been able to explore about 5 to 10 minutes of unrelated data.

Knowledge generation task => Participants were given a basic resource for knowledge entry and asked to enter different levels of knowledge. And they have given additional time to freely enter their knowledge.

Knowledge retrieval task => Participants were asked to do three different retrieval tasks. For example, knowledge such as 'External scaffolding construction of short pipe scaffolding' and 'How to maintain tower cranes in construction work' were the targets of these search tasks.

Knowledge search task => Participants asked for the related search task after imposing a situation on the current project that was randomly selected. For example, after assigning a situation such as 'You are currently working on hoist protection at the new construction of a hospital in Changwon,' you have to find the knowledge that you can use in the entire KMS. This course focuses on finding knowledge of similar background in the system.

Survey => Participants who completed these assignments were asked to complete one questionnaire for the proposed system and the existing KMS.

Interview => A brief informal interview was conducted according to the participants.

(4) Usability evaluation result

12 shows the results of the participants' questionnaire about the proposed system and the existing KMS. As for general usability evaluation items such as complexity and burden on use, which are not shown in FIG. 12, the proposed system showed similar values to the existing KMS. This means that users can easily get used to the proposed system, considering that the proposed system has a different usage method from the existing KMS. The proposed system scored higher than the existing KMS, especially in the questionnaire about the motivation for knowledge creation, the probability of finding available knowledge, and the effectiveness of reuse of the found knowledge. This provided the main objectives of the bottom-up approach proposed in this study and provided a verification of the approach. Observing each participant's test directly, he found that the time and effort required to enter, search, and search for knowledge was reduced. Indeed, the majority of participants were satisfied that the entries that they had to enter under the existing knowledge map format were eliminated, and that it was more convenient to approach similar project units or experts in the field in terms of how to search for knowledge. However, some users expressed concern that participation in knowledge creation could be reduced when the compulsory methods for creating knowledge that were imposed from the top-down approach disappeared.

Figure 1 shows a comparison of the concept of construction knowledge management system according to the prior art and the present invention.

2 shows a process of a knowledge management method according to the present invention.

3 to 7 is a block diagram of a knowledge management system according to the present invention.

8 to 11 is a configuration diagram of the UI (User Interface) for each blog type in the prototype of the knowledge management system according to the present invention.

Figure 12 shows a comparison of the evaluation results of the usability of the construction knowledge management system according to the prior art and the present invention.

Claims (5)

A user system equipped with an internet browser; And a server system connected to the user system through the Internet, wherein the system is configured to manage construction knowledge in units of construction projects by utilizing knowledge blogs of participants participating in construction projects. The server system, Personal blog management module to manage the individual knowledge of the construction project participants; A project blog management module for managing various contents constituting each construction project for each construction project; A knowledge linking module for linking knowledge on a blog of a construction project participant managed by the personal blog operation module to the project blog operation module; And, A knowledge storage module for integrating and managing various kinds of knowledge managed by the personal blog management module and the project blog management module; Knowledge management system using the construction project knowledge blog, characterized in that comprises a. In claim 1, It further includes a; process information management module for managing the basic information about each process for performing the construction project and the content related to the process delivered to the project blog management module, The project blog management module classifies and manages various contents constituting the construction project by process, The knowledge linking module is a knowledge management system using a construction project knowledge blog, characterized in that to connect the knowledge of the construction project participants' blog managed in the personal blog management module to the corresponding process classified in the project blog management module. The method of claim 1 or 2, Knowledge management system using a construction project knowledge blog, characterized in that the configuration further comprises a; knowledge evaluation module for giving a rating score is evaluated by the user who read the knowledge about the knowledge stored in the knowledge storage module. 4. The method of claim 3, And a knowledge search module for searching for and ordering the knowledge stored in the knowledge storage module according to the scores evaluated by the knowledge evaluation module. As a knowledge management method through a knowledge management system using the construction blog knowledge blog of claim 1, (a) a blog generation step of creating a personal blog and a project blog through a personal blog operation module and a project blog operation module; (b) a knowledge linking step of linking knowledge on a blog of a construction project participant managed by the personal blog operation module to the project blog operation module; And, (c) a knowledge storage step of integrating and managing various knowledges managed by the personal blog management module and the project blog management module; Knowledge management method using a construction project knowledge blog, characterized in that made.

Images