KR101058706B1 - compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a compressor, and more particularly, to a compressor for separating oil from refrigerant compressed in a cylinder bore and discharged to an external circuit, and returning the oil back to the swash plate chamber to improve lubricity in the swash plate chamber.

To this end, the present invention, the swash plate rotating in the swash plate chamber formed in the cylinder block is integrally coupled to the drive shaft, a coolant suction passage through which the refrigerant is sucked is formed on one side of the swash plate chamber, the annular around the drive shaft Pistons respectively accommodated in the plurality of cylinder bores arranged reciprocate in conjunction with the rotation of the swash plate, the refrigerant sucked into the swash plate chamber through the refrigerant suction passage is supplied to each cylinder bore, the refrigerant supplied to the cylinder bore A compressor that is compressed in a cylinder bore by a piston and flows to an external refrigerant circuit through the front and rear discharge chambers of the cylinder block, wherein the cylinder block is formed to communicate with the front and rear discharge chambers to the front and rear discharge chambers. Refrigerant and oil supplied from the confluence, and the joined refrigerant and oil to one side to the oil separation chamber A discharge oil is formed in the communication passage having a discharge hole, and formed on one side of the communication passage, and communicated with the communication passage through the discharge hole, the cylindrical oil for centrifuging the refrigerant and oil introduced through the discharge hole An oil separation chamber including a separation pipe, a discharge chamber positioned at one side of the oil separation chamber, receiving a refrigerant classified by the oil separation tube, and then discharging it to the outside, and communicating with the oil separation chamber It provides a compressor comprising an oil return unit for returning the oil classified by the oil separation pipe to the swash plate chamber.

Lubricant, Centrifugal, Oil Separation

Description

Compressor {COMPRESSOR}

Figure 1 (a) is a side cross-sectional view of a conventional compressor, Figure 1 (b) is a cross-sectional view A-A of (a).

2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG.

3 is a perspective view of a cylinder block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a side cross-sectional view of a compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a cross-sectional view of the rear cylinder block of FIG.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

                400: compressor 410: front housing

            411,421: discharge chamber 420: rear housing

                430: front cylinder block 431,441: cylinder bore

            432,442: suction passage 433,443: shaft supporter

            434,444: discharge passage 436: swashroom

                440: rear cylinder block 446: suction port

                450: drive shaft 451: refrigerant suction flow path

                460: swash plate 470: piston

                510: oil separation chamber 520: discharge chamber

                540: communication path 541: discharge hole

                550: oil separation pipe 560: oil return unit

                561: oil reservoir 562: oil pressure reducing unit

                563: oil recovery

The present invention relates to a compressor, and more particularly, to a compressor for separating oil from refrigerant compressed in a cylinder bore and discharged to an external circuit, and returning the oil back to the swash plate chamber to improve lubricity in the swash plate chamber.

In general, a compressor for automobiles sucks refrigerant gas discharged after evaporation is completed from an evaporator, converts the refrigerant gas into a refrigerant gas in a high temperature and high pressure state that is easily liquefied, and discharges the refrigerant gas.

There are various types of compressors such as swash plate compressors, in which a piston reciprocates by the rotation of an inclined swash plate, scroll compressors compressed by two scrolls, and vane rotary compressors compressed by a rotary vane. have.

Among these, the reciprocating compressor that compresses the refrigerant according to the reciprocating motion of the piston includes crank type and wobble plate type in addition to the swash plate type compressor, and the swash plate type compressor also has a fixed capacity swash plate type compressor and a variable capacity type according to the use. And swash plate compressors.

1 and 2 are views showing a conventional fixed displacement swash plate compressor, which will be briefly described with reference to the following.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a front housing 13 and a rear housing 14 are joined to a pair of joined cylinder blocks 11 and 12, and a discharge chamber 131 is connected to the front housing 13. ) Is formed. In the rear housing 14, a discharge chamber 141 and a suction chamber 142 are formed.

The valve plate 15, the lead forming plate 16, and the retainer forming plate 17 are interposed between the cylinder block 11 and the front housing 13.

The valve plate 18, the lead forming plate 19, and the retainer forming plate 20 are interposed between the cylinder block 12 and the rear housing 14. Discharge holes 151 and 181 are formed in the valve plates 15 and 18, and discharge leads 161 and 191 are formed in the lead forming plates 16 and 19. The discharge leads 161 and 191 open and close the discharge holes 151 and 181.

The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably supported by the cylinder blocks 11 and 12. The rotary shaft 21 is inserted through the shaft support holes 111 and 121 formed through the cylinder blocks 11 and 12, and the rotary shaft 21 passes through the cylinder support holes 111 and 121. Is directly supported by

The swash plate 23 is formed on the rotation shaft 21, and the swash plate 23 is accommodated in the swash plate chamber 24 between the cylinder blocks 11 and 12. A thrust bearing 25 is interposed between the end face of the cylinder block 11 and the base 231 of the swash plate 23.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder block 11 is formed such that a plurality of cylinder bores 27 are arranged around the rotation shaft 21, and the two cylinder pistons 29 are accommodated in the cylinder bores 27 and 28. It is.

As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the rotational movement of the swash plate 23 which rotates integrally with the rotation shaft 2l is transmitted to the sheephead piston 29 through the shoe 30, and the sheephead piston 29 is It reciprocates back and forth within the cylinder bores 27 and 28. The double head piston 29 partitions the compression chambers 271 and 281 in the cylinder bores 27 and 28.

The rotating shaft 21 is directly supported by the cylinder blocks 11 and 12 via the sealing main surfaces 112 and 122.

The supply passage 211 is formed in the rotating shaft 21. The start end of the supply passage 211 is in the end face of the rotating shaft 21 and communicates with the suction chamber 142 in the rear housing 14. The introduction shafts 31 and 32 are formed in the rotation shaft 21 so as to communicate with the supply passage 211.

As shown in FIG. 2, the cylinder block 11 is formed such that the suction passage 33 communicates with the cylinder bore 27 and the shaft support hole 111, and the inlet 331 of the suction passage 33. Is opened on the sealing main surface 112.

As the rotation shaft 21 rotates, the outlets 311 and 321 of the introduction passages 31 and 32 intermittently communicate with the inlets 331 and 341 of the suction passages 33 and 34.

When the cylinder bore 27 is in the intake stroke state (i.e., the stroke in which the two-head piston 29 moves from the left side to the right side in Fig. 1A), the inlet of the outlet 311 and the suction passage 33 331 is in communication. When the cylinder bore 27 is in the suction stroke state, the refrigerant in the supply passage 211 of the rotating shaft 21 passes through the introduction passage 31 and the suction passage 33. 271).

When the cylinder bore 27 is in the discharge stroke state (i.e., the stroke in which the double head piston 29 moves from the right side to the left side in Fig. 1 (a)), the outlet 311 is the inlet of the suction passage 33 331 is blocked, and when the cylinder bore 27 is in the discharge stroke state, the refrigerant in the compression chamber 271 pushes the discharge lead 161 out of the discharge hole 151 and discharges it to the discharge chamber 131. The refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 131 flows out to an external refrigerant circuit (not shown). The refrigerant flowing out of the external refrigerant circuit is returned to the suction chamber 142.

In the conventional compressor, some of the refrigerant and oil are accommodated in the swash plate chamber between the piston and the main surface of the cylinder bore during the compression stroke of the cylinder bore, but most of the refrigerant compressed in the cylinder bore is transferred to the external refrigerant circuit through the discharge chamber. Most of the oil introduced into the cylinder bore is discharged to the external refrigerant circuit together with the refrigerant discharged to the external refrigerant circuit.

Accordingly, a lack of lubricating oil is generated in the swash plate chamber, and there is a problem in that sufficient lubricating oil is not supplied to a portion requiring lubricating oil, such as between the shoe and the swash plate which transmits the rotational movement of the swash plate to the piston.

The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and forms an oil separation chamber and a discharge chamber on one side of the discharge chamber, and forms a cylindrical oil separation tube between the oil separation chamber and the discharge chamber, thereby compressing the oil separation chamber. By separating the oil in the refrigerant and returning the separated oil to the swash chamber, to provide a compressor with improved lubricity in the swash chamber.

To this end, the present invention, the swash plate rotating in the swash plate chamber formed in the cylinder block is coupled to the drive shaft, one side of the swash plate chamber is formed with a refrigerant suction passage through which the refrigerant is sucked, arranged annularly around the drive shaft The pistons respectively accommodated in the plurality of cylinder bores reciprocate in conjunction with the rotation of the swash plate, the refrigerant sucked into the swash plate chamber through the refrigerant suction passage is supplied to each cylinder bore, the refrigerant supplied to the cylinder bore is the piston In the compressor which is compressed in the cylinder bore and flows to the external refrigerant circuit through the front and rear discharge chamber of the cylinder block, it is formed in communication with the front and rear discharge chamber in the cylinder block from the front and rear discharge chamber The supplied refrigerant and oil are joined, and the discharged to discharge the combined refrigerant and oil to the oil separation chamber An oil separation chamber configured to communicate with the communication path through the discharge hole, and having a cylindrical oil separation tube on one side for centrifuging the refrigerant and the oil introduced through the discharge hole; Located in one side of the oil separation chamber, the discharge chamber for receiving the refrigerant classified by the oil separation tube and discharged to the outside, and is formed in communication with the oil separation chamber, the swash plate of the oil classified by the oil separation unit It provides a compressor characterized in that it comprises an oil return unit for returning to the yarn.

Preferably, the discharge hole is formed one, the inflow direction of the refrigerant through the discharge hole is formed to be eccentric with the center of the oil separation pipe.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Prior to this, terms or words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as being limited to the common or dictionary meanings, and the inventors should properly explain the concept of terms in order to best explain their own invention. Based on the principle that it can be defined, it should be interpreted as meaning and concept corresponding to the technical idea of the present invention.

Therefore, the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings shown in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiment of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical idea of the present invention, various modifications that can be replaced at the time of the present application It should be understood that there may be equivalents and variations.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a cylinder block according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is a side cross-sectional view of the compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the rear cylinder block of FIG.

As shown, the compressor 400 of the present embodiment, the swash plate 460 rotating in the swash plate chamber 436 formed in the cylinder block 430, 440 is integrally coupled to the drive shaft 450, the swash plate At one side of the chamber, a refrigerant suction passage through which the refrigerant is sucked is formed, and the pistons 470 respectively accommodated in the plurality of cylinder bores 431 arranged annularly around the drive shaft 450 are rotated by the swash plate 460. The refrigerant supplied to the cylinder bore 431 through the refrigerant suction passage is supplied to each cylinder bore 431, and the refrigerant supplied to the cylinder bore 431 is cylinder bore by the piston. In the compressor flowing in the external refrigerant circuit through the front and rear discharge chambers (411, 421) of the cylinder block after being compressed in, the front and rear discharge chambers (411, 421) are formed so as to communicate with all the front And refrigerant supplied from the rear discharge chambers 411 and 421. The combined passage 540 communicates with the discharge hole 541 for discharging the combined refrigerant and oil into the oil separation chamber 510, and the discharge hole 541 on one side of the communication path 540. It is formed to communicate with the communication path 540 through the oil separation chamber 510 is formed inside the cylindrical oil separation pipe 550 for centrifuging the refrigerant and oil introduced through the discharge hole 541 and Located in one side of the oil separation chamber 510, and receives the refrigerant classified by the oil separation tube 550, the discharge chamber 520 for discharging to the outside and in communication with the oil separation chamber 510 It is formed so that, it is composed of an oil return unit 560 for returning the oil classified by the oil separation pipe to the swash plate chamber 436.

Both sides of the drive shaft 450 are rotatably installed in the shaft support holes 433 and 443 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440, and one end thereof extends through the front housing 410. It is coupled to the electromagnetic clutch (not shown), and the other end is penetrated to communicate with the refrigerant storage chamber 424 of the rear housing 420 to be described below.

The swash plate 460 rotating in the swash plate chamber 436 is inclinedly coupled to the drive shaft 450, and the suction refrigerant sucked into the swash plate chamber 436 through the suction port of the rear cylinder block 440 therein. A refrigerant suction passage 451 is formed therein for communicating the swash plate chamber 436 and the cylinder bores 431 and 441 so that the cylinder bore 431 and 441 can move.

The inlet 452 of the refrigerant suction passage 451 is formed to communicate with the swash plate chamber 436, and the outlet 453 is each suction passage 432 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440 ( 442).

Here, the inlet 452 of the refrigerant suction passage 451 is formed through one side of the hub 461 and the drive shaft 450 of the swash plate 460.

Meanwhile, only one inlet 452 of the refrigerant suction passage 451 may be formed at one side of the driving shaft 450, or two may be formed in opposite directions.

In addition, the outlets 453 of the refrigerant suction passage 451 are formed at opposite sides of the refrigerant suction passage 451, respectively, provided at both sides of the swash plate chamber 436 when the driving shaft 450 is rotated. The refrigerant may be sucked into the cylinder bores 431 and 441 at the same time.

Of course, the direction of each outlet 453 of the refrigerant suction passage 451 formed in the drive shaft 450 may vary depending on the design purpose such as the number of the pistons 470.

In addition, the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440 are each formed with a plurality of cylinder bores 431 and 441 on both sides of the swash plate chamber 436, and the drive shaft 450 is rotatable at the center thereof. Axial support holes 433 and 443 are formed to be supported.

In the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440, the refrigerant sucked from the swash plate chamber 436 into the refrigerant suction passage 451 of the drive shaft 450 sequentially rotates each cylinder bore when the drive shaft 450 rotates. Suction passages 432 and 442 communicating with the shaft supporting holes 433 and 443 and the cylinder bores 431 and 441 to be sucked into the 431 and 441 are formed.

In addition, a suction port (not shown) in communication with the swash plate chamber 436 to supply an external refrigerant to the swash plate chamber 436 on the outer surface of one of the front and rear cylinder blocks (430, 440), Discharge holes 447 communicating with the discharge chambers 411 and 421 are formed to discharge the refrigerant in the discharge chambers 411 and 421 of the front and rear housings 410 and 420 to the outside.

Accordingly, the discharge passage 434 connecting the discharge chambers 411 and 421 and the discharge hole 447 of the front and rear housings 410 and 420 to the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440. 444 is formed, and the discharge passages 434 and 444 are connected to the communication path 540, respectively.

 The communication passage 540 communicates with the discharge passages 434 and 444 so that all of the refrigerant compressed in the plurality of cylinder bores 431 and 441 passes through the discharge passages 434 and 444. Are gathered at 540.

The refrigerant collected in the communication path 540 is sucked into the oil separation chamber 510 formed at one side of the communication path through the discharge hole 541.

An oil separation tube 550 is formed inside the oil separation chamber to centrifuge only oil from the refrigerant introduced through the discharge hole 541.

In the oil separation pipe 550 of this embodiment, one end is in communication with the oil separation chamber 510, and the other end is in communication with the discharge chamber 520 which will be described later.

The discharge hole 541 is formed to be eccentric with the center of the oil separation pipe 550. Accordingly, the refrigerant introduced through the discharge hole 541 rotates around the oil separation tube 550 and is separated by centrifugal force.

In more detail, the refrigerant introduced through the discharge hole 541 rotates around the oil separation tube, and at this time, the oil having a relatively high specific gravity moves outward and then moves downward by its own weight, which will be described later. The coolant moves to the oil return unit 560, and the refrigerant having a relatively low specific gravity moves to the discharge chamber 520 through the inner hollow part of the oil separation tube.

The refrigerant introduced into the discharge chamber is transferred to the external refrigerant circuit through the discharge hole 447.

On the other hand, the oil separated by the oil separation pipe 550 is transferred to the oil return unit 560.

The oil return unit 560 returns oil separated from the oil separation chamber 510 back to the swash plate chamber, and includes an oil storage chamber 561, an oil pressure reducing unit 562, and an oil recovery passage 563.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the oil storage chamber 561 is formed at one side of the oil separation chamber 510 and stores oil separated from the oil separation chamber 550. The oil reservoir is maintained at a high pressure region because the oil compressed at high pressure is continuously introduced from the cylinder bore.

In addition, the oil pressure reducing unit 562 is formed in communication with the oil storage chamber 561 and reduces the pressure of the oil supplied from the oil storage chamber 561. The oil pressure reducing unit 562 of the present embodiment has an orifice tube whose one end is in communication with the oil storage chamber 561 and the other end is in communication with the oil recovery passage, and the diameter of the oil flow passage is changed.

However, if only the pressure of the oil can be lowered, various oil decompression devices may be used in addition to the orifice tube.

The oil passing through the orifice tube, the oil pressure is reduced in accordance with the change in the diameter of the oil flow passage is changed to a low pressure oil.

The oil decompressed through the oil pressure reducing part 562 is moved to the swash plate chamber 436 through an oil recovery path 563 formed on the cylinder block.

The oil recovery path 563 is formed in the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440, one end is in communication with the oil pressure reducing unit 562, the other end is in communication with the swash plate chamber 436.

Hereinafter, the operation state according to the refrigerant flow of the compressor of the present embodiment will be described.

In the compressor 400 according to the present embodiment, when the driving shaft 450 selectively receives power from an electromagnetic clutch (not shown), the swash plate 460 rotates, and at this time, the swash plate 460 rotates. The plurality of pistons 470 interlocked with the movement repeatedly perform the action of sucking and compressing the refrigerant while reciprocating inside the cylinder bores 431 and 441 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440.

The refrigerant supplied into the cylinder bore is compressed by the piston 470 in the cylinder bores 431 and 441 during the compression stroke, and then the discharge chambers 411 and 421 of the front and rear housings 410 and 420. ) And then flows into the communication path 540 through the discharge passages 434 and 444 of the front and rear cylinder blocks 430 and 440.

The coolant collected in the communication path 540 is supplied to the oil separation chamber 510 through the discharge hole 541, and at this time, the coolant supplied to the oil separation chamber 510 is an oil separation pipe 550. Rotate around and separate from oil.

The refrigerant separated from the oil is moved to the discharge chamber 520 through the hollow portion of the oil separation pipe 550 and then discharged to the external refrigerant through the discharge port 447.

Meanwhile, the oil separated from the refrigerant by the oil separation pipe 550 flows into the oil storage chamber 561.

The oil introduced into the oil storage chamber 561 flows into the oil reducing part 562, and the oil of high pressure passes through the orifice pipe in the oil reducing part 562, and the pressure thereof decreases.

The oil formed at low pressure flows into the oil recovery line 563, and then flows back into the swash plate chamber 436 through the oil recovery line 563.

As described above, in the present invention, a refrigerant suction passage 451 is formed inside the drive shaft 450 to directly supply the refrigerant in the swash plate chamber 436 to the cylinder bores 431 and 441. Although only the fixed-capacity swash plate type compressor 400 employing a rotary rotary valve configuration has been described, the present invention is not limited thereto and can be applied to various types of compressors such as an electric compressor in the same method and configuration. You can get it.

According to the present invention, the refrigerant supplied through the front and rear discharge chambers are recruited into one communication path, and the collected refrigerant is separated from the oil by using an oil separation tube provided between the oil separation chamber and the discharge chamber. After that, the oil is supplied back to the swash plate chamber through the oil return unit, thereby improving lubricity in the swash plate chamber.

In addition, by forming the oil separation chamber and the discharge chamber, and by supplying the high-pressure refrigerant to the external refrigerant via it, the pulsation pressure of the refrigerant is reduced to reduce the noise.

In addition, the oil return part is provided with an oil low pressure part using an orifice tube, and the pressure of the oil supplied to the swash chamber is reduced in advance to low pressure and then supplied to the swash chamber, thereby preventing the high pressure refrigerant from being directly supplied into the swash chamber. It is advantageous to prevent the load on the compressor internal structure, thereby improving the durability of the compressor.

Claims (4)

A swash plate 460 rotating in the swash plate chamber 436 formed in the cylinder blocks 430 and 440 is coupled to the drive shaft 450, and a refrigerant suction passage through which one side of the swash chamber is sucked is formed. Pistons 470 respectively accommodated in the plurality of cylinder bores 431 annularly arranged around the drive shaft 450 reciprocate in conjunction with the rotation of the swash plate 460, and through the refrigerant suction passage swash plate chamber ( The refrigerant sucked into 436 is supplied to each cylinder bore 431, and the refrigerant supplied to the cylinder bore 431 is compressed in the cylinder bore by the piston, and then the front and rear discharge chambers 411 of the cylinder block ( In the compressor flowing through the 421 to the external refrigerant circuit, The front and rear discharge chambers 411 and 421 are formed to communicate with each other, and the refrigerant supplied from the front and rear discharge chambers 411 and 421 are joined, and the joined refrigerant is transferred to the oil separation chamber 510. A communication path 540 in communication with the discharge hole 541 for discharging, It is formed to communicate with the communication path 540 through the discharge hole 541, and provided with a cylindrical oil separation tube 550 in the inside centrifugally separating the refrigerant and oil introduced through the discharge hole 541 An oil separation chamber 510, Located in one side of the oil separation chamber 510, after receiving the refrigerant classified by the oil separation pipe 550, and discharge chamber 520 for discharging to the outside, It is formed in communication with the oil separation chamber 510, and includes an oil return unit 560 for returning the oil classified by the oil separation unit to the swash plate chamber 436, The oil return unit 560, An oil storage chamber 561 formed at one side of the oil separation chamber 510 and storing oil separated from the oil separation chamber 510; An oil pressure reducing unit 562 having one end formed in communication with the oil storage chamber 561 to reduce pressure of the oil supplied from the oil storage chamber 561; communicating with the oil pressure reducing unit 562 and the swash plate chamber 436. It is formed so that the oil passing through the decompression unit includes an oil recovery line (563) to be supplied back to the swash plate chamber, The oil pressure reducing unit 562 is a compressor, characterized in that the one side is in communication with the oil storage chamber (561), the other side is an orifice tube in communication with the oil recovery passage (563). The method of claim 1, The discharge hole (541) is formed one, the inflow direction of the refrigerant through the discharge hole is characterized in that the eccentric with the center of the oil separation pipe (550) formed. The method of claim 1, The refrigerant suction passage 451 is formed inside the drive shaft, and the refrigerant sucked into the refrigerant suction passage 451 formed inside the drive shaft 450 from the swash plate chamber 436 is rotated as the drive shaft 450 rotates. A plurality of suction passages 432 and 442 are formed in the cylinder blocks 430 and 440 so that the refrigerant suction passage 451 and each cylinder bore are sequentially communicated with each other so as to be sucked into each cylinder bore. Inlet (452) of the (451) is characterized in that the penetrating is formed through one side of the hub (461) and the drive shaft (450) of the swash plate (460). delete

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