KR101050557B1 - Plasma module and incinerating facility using plasma - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A plasma module and a plasma incineration facility are provided to reduce the generation of harmful material and to improve energy utilization efficiency. CONSTITUTION: A first oxidizer supply module(122) is installed on the gas discharge path. The first oxidizer supply module supplies oxidizer to synthetic gas. The first oxidizer supply module guides the synthetic gas so that the synthetic gas can form swirl. A first fuel supply module(123) is installed on the gas discharge path. The first fuel supply module supplies fuel to the synthetic gas.

Description

Plasma module and incinerating facility using plasma}

The present invention relates to a plasma module and a plasma incineration plant, and more particularly, to a plasma module and a plasma incineration plant having reduced generation of harmful substances and improved energy use efficiency.

In the past, municipal waste was dumped and disposed of in landfills, but the landfill method causes leachate and odor problems. In order to solve this problem, in recent years, a method of incineration and reduction of waste by incineration plants is most widely used. However, the waste incineration generated toxic gases such as dioxins, causing the endless complaints about the waste incinerator.

In particular, since hospital waste, etc., among wastes should be incinerated at a high temperature, various kinds of plasma incineration facilities using arc-type plasma torches have been applied. However, in the plasma incineration plant using the conventional plasma torch, not only the energy maintenance cost is very high but also it is difficult to reduce the generation of harmful substances, and there is a problem in that the installation of the plasma incineration plant is not expanded.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a plasma module and a plasma incineration plant with reduced generation of harmful substances and improved energy use efficiency.

The present invention includes a gas discharge passage through which a synthesis gas moves, and a plasma ignitor installed on the gas discharge passage and burning the synthesis gas and maintaining the burned synthesis gas at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher. It provides a plasma module.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention. An incinerator having an incinerator inlet formed therein, having a second oxidant supply module installed in the incinerator and introducing an oxidant into the incinerator, wherein the incinerator is incinerated between 300 ° C and 700 ° C, An incineration module for discharging the syngas generated from the incinerator to a gas outlet formed in the incinerator, a gas discharge flow path through which the discharged synthesis gas moves, and burning the synthesis gas on the gas discharge flow path; In addition, it provides a plasma incineration plant comprising a plasma module having a plasma ignitor (ignitor) for maintaining the combustion synthesis gas at a temperature of 1200 ℃ or more.

The plasma module and the plasma incineration plant according to the present invention have the following effects.

First, in the plasma module, the synthesis gas is mixed with outside air (or oxygen) and combusted to raise the temperature, and since the plasma igniter maintains the combustion temperature at 1200 ° C. or more, the dioxins contained in the synthesis gas are destroyed. In addition, other harmful substances such as fly ash are also pyrolyzed. Therefore, the harmfulness of the gas exhausted from the plasma incineration plant is greatly reduced.

Second, since the temperature is raised in the plasma module by the synthesis gas itself, and the plasma igniter assists in raising the combustion temperature, electrical energy consumption for driving the plasma igniter is very low. Therefore, the overall energy use efficiency of the plasma incineration plant can be improved. Moreover, the capacity and size of the plasma igniter can be greatly reduced.

Third, since the incineration ash from the plasma module back into the incinerator, it can be melted by a plasma torch, the incineration ash can be treated stably.

Fourth, since the reduction and gasification is mainly generated in the incineration module, the structure of the incineration module can be simplified.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a plasma incineration plant according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram showing the detailed configuration and operation of the plasma module shown in FIG.
3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the first oxidant supply module shown in FIG.

1 to 3, a plasma incineration plant (hereinafter referred to as " incineration plant ") 100 is shown in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. 1 to 3, the incineration plant 100 includes an incineration module 110, a plasma module 120, a thermal energy recovery module 130, a post-processing module 140, a transfer unit 170, and a plasma torch. 160 and melt incineration treatment module 150.

The incineration module 110 includes an incinerator 111, a second oxidant supply module 112, and a second fuel supply module 113. The incinerator 111 has an incinerator inlet 115 through which incinerators are injected. The second oxidant supply module 112 functions to supply air from the outside for incineration in the incinerator 111. However, the second oxidant supply module 112 may supply various oxidants such as oxygen and water instead of air. The second fuel supply module 113 supplies liquid fuel into the incinerator 111. The second oxidant supply module 112 and the second fuel supply module 113 are installed above the incinerator 111.

The incineration flowing into the incinerator is mixed with the introduced air and the liquid fuel to be dried and reduced by incineration. In the first incineration, the temperature in the incinerator 111 is between about 300 ℃ to 700 ℃. That is, all the incinerators are not completely burned in the incinerator 111, and thus, a synthesis gas such as CO, H, and H ₂ is generated. The synthesis gas is discharged to the plasma module 120 through the gas outlet 116 of the incinerator together with incinerators such as some fly ash generated by the primary incineration.

The plasma torch 160 is installed below the incinerator 111. Incinerators, carbonized sludge, etc., produced by the primary incineration, are stacked by gravity under the incinerator 111. The plasma torch 160 heats the incineration ash and the like to a molten state. An arc torch may be used as the plasma torch 160. However, the arc-type torch has a disadvantage in that the overall energy use efficiency is not good because of a large amount of electricity consumption. Therefore, in this embodiment, a microwave plasma torch is used as the plasma torch 160. The microwave plasma torch may be adopted in a variety of structures, the plasma flame generating device of Korea Patent No. 0638109 is an example.

The incineration ash is discharged to the molten incinerator module 150 in a molten state by the plasma torch 160. The melt is converted into granules that are cooled and vitrified in the melt incineration treatment module 150. Thus, contaminants generated during the primary incineration are stabilized in the granules.

Referring to FIG. 2, the synthesis gas generated by the incineration module 110 is introduced into the plasma module 120 together with some incineration materials such as fly ash. The plasma module 120 includes a gas discharge passage 121, plasma igniters 125, a first oxidant supply module 122, and a first fuel supply module 123. The gas discharge passage 121 has a straight pipe shape.

The first oxidant supply module 122 is installed on the gas discharge passage 121 and supplies air to the synthesis gas. However, the first oxidant supply module 122 may supply other oxidants such as oxygen and water instead of air.

The first oxidant supply module 122 is arranged to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the gas discharge passage 121 and discharges air in a tangential direction to the inner circumferential surface of the gas discharge passage 121. ) (See FIG. 3). The air injected from the oxidant nozzles 122a causes the syngas to form a swirl so that the syngas (and fly ash, etc.) is highly homogeneous with the air.

The first fuel supply module 123 is installed at the rear of the first oxidant supply module 122 on the gas discharge passage 121. The fuel supply module 123 injects gaseous fuel onto the gas discharge passage 121 through fuel nozzles 123c by using liquid fuel supplied from a liquid fuel storage unit (not shown). To this end, a heater 123b is provided as a vaporization means on the fuel supply pipe 123a to which the liquid fuel is supplied, and the liquid fuel is vaporized while passing through the heater 123b. The heater 123b may be an electric heater, but may use a high-temperature combustion gas discharged from the plasma module 120, or may use hot water or steam generated by the heat energy recovery module 130 to be described later. have. The fuel nozzles 123c are formed in plural along the circumferential direction of the gas discharge passage 121. The structure of the fuel nozzles 123c may be a simple nozzle structure, but may have a structure similar to that of the oxidant nozzle 122a. The fuel injected by the first fuel supply module 123 is mixed with the syngas and the air.

Although the first fuel supply module 123 injects gaseous fuel onto the gas discharge passage 121, the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the liquid fuel supplied from the liquid fuel storage unit (not shown) may be automated at the fuel nozzles 123c and sprayed onto the gas discharge passage 121 without passing through a separate vaporization means. have. In this case, there is an effect that a separate vaporization means is unnecessary, but does not differ greatly in combustion performance.

The plasma igniters 125 are installed at the rear of the first fuel supply module 123 on the gas discharge passage 121. The plasma igniters 125 are disposed vertically along the circumferential direction of the gas discharge passage 121, and two plasma igniters 125 are provided to face each other.

The plasma igniter 125 performs a function of heating a mixture of the syngas, the air, and the fuel. Even without the plasma igniter 125, since the syngas itself is very high in temperature, it is mixed with the air and the fuel to ignite. However, the firing temperature is generally at least a few hundred degrees Celsius lower than 1200 degrees Celsius. In the case of dioxins contained in the synthesis gas, it is known that destruction starts at 900 ° C. or higher (Korean Utility Model Model No. 0280676), but the most efficient dioxins can be destroyed at 1200 ° C. or higher. However, when trying to increase the combustion temperature of the synthesis gas with only the plasma igniter 125, the consumption of electrical energy required for the plasma igniter 125 becomes very high, and the capacity of the electrical equipment of the plasma igniter 125 is also increased. There is a problem that must increase by that amount.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, since a large amount of combustible gas components are contained in the synthesis gas, after the synthesis gas undergoes secondary combustion with the air and the fuel, the temperature rises by about 900 ° C., and then the plasma igniter 125 ) To maintain the combustion temperature above 1200 ° C. With such a structure, not only the structure of the plasma igniter 125 can be simplified, but the efficiency of energy utilization is also improved. Here, the plasma igniter 125 not only maintains the combustion temperature, but also performs a function of generating combustion when combustion does not occur before the synthesis gas reaches the flame of the plasma igniter.

In this embodiment, fuel is injected into the synthesis gas. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and secondary combustion may occur without additional fuel input. That is, when the ratio of the combustible gas in the synthesis gas is high, the secondary combustion can proceed without further injection of fuel.

A microwave plasma torch is used as the plasma igniter 125. Typical arc-type plasma torches have a high electrode life due to their short electrode life. However, the microwave plasma igniter of this embodiment is simple in structure, and electrical energy consumption is reduced. As the plasma igniter, a plasma reactor of Korean Patent No. 0893735 may be adopted.

In the present embodiment, the first oxidant module 122, the first fuel supply module 123 and the plasma igniter 125 are sequentially arranged. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the above components may be installed in various combinations.

The incineration ash transporting means 170 re-transfers the solid and / or molten incineration ash generated during the combustion in the plasma module 120 to the incinerator 111. The incineration ash conveying means 170 includes a conveying pipe 171 connecting the gas discharge passage 121 and the incinerator 111 and a blowing means 172 provided on the conveying pipe 171. . In the case of the incineration ash by secondary combustion, the plasma module 120 flows into the conveying pipe 171 by gravity and is sent to the incinerator by the blowing means 172.

The hot gas combusted by the plasma module 120 is introduced into the thermal energy recovery module 130. The thermal energy recovery module 130 may be a conventional steam generation or high temperature water generator. The post-processing module 140 post-processes dioxin and fine fly ash from the gas discharged from the thermal energy recovery module 130 using slaked lime, activated carbon, a filter, an electrostatic precipitator, and the like. If the temperature of the combustion gas in the thermal energy recovery module 130 falls to 250 ~ 350 ℃, there is a problem that dioxin is resynthesized by reacting dioxin with the chlorine donor on the surface of the fly ash in the combustion gas. Therefore, the post-processing module 140 prevents the dioxins and the remaining fly ashes resynthesized from the thermal energy recovery module 130 from being discharged to the outside.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible. Therefore, the true technical protection scope of the present invention will be defined by the technical spirit of the appended claims.

100: plasma incineration plant 110: incineration module
120: plasma module 130: thermal energy recovery module
140: post-processing module 150: melt incineration processing module
160: plasma torch 170: incineration ash conveying means

Claims (13)

A gas discharge flow path formed of a straight pipe through which the synthesis gas generated from the incineration moves, and installed on the gas discharge flow path, are driven by electricity and combust the synthesis gas, and at the temperature of 1200 ° C. or more, Plasma ignitors to maintain;
A first oxidant supply module installed on the gas discharge passage and supplying an oxidant to the synthesis gas and inducing the synthesis gas to form a swirl; And
A first fuel supply module installed on the gas discharge passage and supplying fuel to the synthesis gas;
The first fuel supply module,
Liquid fuel storage; And
The fuel supplied from the liquid fuel storage unit is automated and discharged into the gas discharge passage, spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the gas discharge passage, and discharging the fuel in a tangential direction to an inner circumferential surface of the gas discharge passage. Having a plurality of fuel nozzles,
And a first oxidant supply module, a first fuel supply module, and a plasma igniter are sequentially installed in the gas discharge passage along a moving direction of the synthesis gas. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The first oxidant supply module,
And a plurality of oxidant nozzles arranged to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the gas discharge passage, and to discharge the oxidant in a tangential direction to the inner circumferential surface of the gas discharge passage. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The plasma igniter is a microwave plasma igniter plasma module. An incinerator having an incinerator inlet formed therein, having a second oxidant supply module installed in the incinerator and introducing an oxidant into the incinerator, wherein the incinerator is incinerated between 300 ° C and 700 ° C, An incineration module which discharges the synthesis gas generated from the incinerator to a gas outlet formed in the incinerator; And
Claims 1, 4 or 8 of the plasma incineration plant to process the synthesis gas discharged from the incineration module. The method according to claim 9,
The incineration module,
And a second fuel supply module installed in the incinerator for introducing fuel into the incinerator. The method according to claim 9,
And an incineration ash conveying means for conveying the incineration ash generated during the combustion in the plasma module to the incineration module. The method according to claim 9,
And a plasma torch for melting the incineration material generated by the incineration in the incineration module. The method according to claim 9,
A heat energy recovery module for absorbing heat energy from the hot gas burnt in the plasma module; And
And a post-treatment module for post-treating dioxin and fine fly ash from the gas discharged from the thermal energy recovery module.

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