KR101047744B1 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Abstract

By monitoring the presence or absence of abnormality regarding the measured value of an anemometer, the wind power generator which can implement cutout control more accurately is provided. A main shaft which is connected to the rotor head 4 equipped with the windmill vanes 5 and integrally rotates to the nacelle 3 provided on the support column, and a speed increaser 10 which accelerates and outputs the rotation of the main shaft; Wind power generation having a generator 11 driven by the output of the speed increaser 10 and a control unit 20 for performing cutout control during strong winds when the measured value of the anemometer 7 becomes a predetermined value or more. The apparatus WHEREIN: The control part 20 has a difference more than a predetermined value between the estimated wind speed value obtained from the relationship of the blade pitch angle of the windmill vane 5, and the output of the generator 11, and the measured value of the anemometer 7. If it occurs, it is determined that the anemometer is abnormal.

Nacelle, windmill wings, rotor head, anemometer, generator

Description

Wind Power Generators {WIND-DRIVEN GENERATOR}

The present invention relates to a wind power generator that generates power using a windmill that converts wind as natural energy into rotational force.

Background Art Conventionally, wind power generators that generate power by using wind energy, which is natural energy, are known. This type of wind power generator includes a rotor head having windmill blades mounted on a nacelle provided on a support column, a main shaft connected to rotate integrally with the rotor head, and a main shaft that receives wind power on the windmill blades. The connected gearbox and a generator driven by the shaft output of the gearbox are installed. In the wind power generator configured as described above, the rotor head and the main shaft having the windmill vanes for converting the wind into rotational force is rotated to generate the shaft output, the shaft output is increased to the generator through the gearhead connected to the main shaft is transmitted to the generator do. For this reason, the axial output obtained by converting wind power into rotational force can be used as a driving source of the generator, and power generation using wind power as power of the generator can be performed.

In the above-described conventional wind power generator, the start and stop control is automatically performed in accordance with the signal of the wind speed value measured by the anemometer.

In particular, in the case of the strong wind in which the above-mentioned wind speed value becomes more than a predetermined value, cutout control which stops electric power generation by changing the pitch angle of a windmill vane for apparatus protection is performed (for example, refer patent document 1).

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2004-84527

By the way, in order to perform the cutout control mentioned above correctly, the measured value of an anemometer becomes important. In other words, when any abnormality occurs in the anemometer, a large error occurs between the actual wind speed and the measured value of the anemometer, so that accurate cutout control cannot be performed.

Here, for example, in the case of a wind power generator installed in a heavy snow area in a cold district, for example, the measurement value lower than the actual wind speed is output by icing on the wind speed detection part of the anemometer. There is a case. This measurement error is undesirable because it means underestimating strong winds that require the implementation of cutout control.

From this background, it is desired to perform cutout control more accurately by providing a means for monitoring the presence or absence of abnormality regarding the measured value of the anemometer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a wind power generation apparatus that can more accurately perform cutout control by monitoring the presence or absence of abnormality relating to a measured value of an anemometer.

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM In order to solve the said subject, this invention employ | adopted the following means.

A main shaft connected to a rotor head equipped with windmill vanes and integrally rotating to a nacelle provided on a support column, a speed increaser for increasing and outputting rotation of the main shaft, a generator driven by the output of the speed reducer, and an anemometer In the wind power generator comprising a control unit for performing cutout control during a strong wind when the measured value of

The control unit is configured to determine that an anemometer is abnormal when a difference of a predetermined value or more occurs between the estimated wind speed value obtained from the relationship between the blade pitch angle of the windmill vane and the output of the generator and the measured value of the anemometer. .

According to the wind power generator of this invention, a control part judges that an anemometer is abnormal when a difference more than a predetermined value arises between the estimated wind speed value obtained from the relationship of the blade pitch angle of a windmill vane, and the output of a generator, and the measured value of an anemometer. Therefore, the anomaly of the anemometer can be detected reliably.

In the above invention, it is preferable that the control unit uses the detected value of the outside air temperature when determining the anemometer abnormality. Thereby, the anemometer abnormality resulting from the icing on the anemometer which arises at the low outside temperature can be reliably detected.

In the above invention, it is preferable that the control unit performs cutout control when it is determined that the anemometer is abnormal. Thereby, it becomes possible to reliably perform cutout control of a wind turbine.

According to the wind power generator of the present invention described above, by reliably detecting an abnormality with respect to the measured value of the anemometer performing cutout control, even in the case of an anomaly of the anemometer in which a measured value smaller than the actual wind speed value is output, in particular by icing or the like. In addition, the cut-out control can be reliably performed to protect the wind power generator from strong winds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram of the principal part which shows one Embodiment of the wind power generator which concerns on this invention.

2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the entire configuration of a wind turbine generator.

3 is a flowchart illustrating abnormality determination of the anemometer in the controller of FIG. 1.

4 is a graph showing characteristics of windmill blades showing the relationship between the wind speed V and the generator output W for each blade pitch angle.

5 is a flowchart illustrating a modification of FIG. 3.

[Description of the code]

1: wind power generator

2: support pillar

3: nacelle

4: rotor head

5: windmill wings

7: anemometer

11: generator

12: outside temperature sensor

20: control unit

30: variable pitch mechanism

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, one Embodiment of the wind power generator which concerns on this invention is described based on drawing.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wind power generator 1 is substantially horizontal with a support column 2 standing up on a base 6, a nacelle 3 provided at an upper end of the support column 2. It has the rotor head 4 attached to the nacelle 3 so that rotation about the phosphorus axis is possible.

The rotor head 4 is provided with a plurality of windmill vanes 5 in a radial shape around the rotation axis thereof. As a result, the force of the wind which touched the windmill vane 5 from the rotation axis direction of the rotor head 4 is converted into the power which rotates the rotor head 4 around a rotation axis.

The anemometer 7 which measures the surrounding wind speed value, the wind vane 8 which measures a wind direction, and the lightning rod 9 are provided in the outer peripheral surface place (for example, upper part etc.) of the nacelle 3.

Inside the nacelle 3, a generator 11 connected with the rotor head 4 via a coaxial gearbox 10 is provided. That is, the generator output W is obtained from the generator 11 by driving the generator 11 by increasing the rotation of the rotor head 4 by the speed increaser 10.

In the place of the wind power generator 1, as shown in FIG. 1, the control part 20 for performing various operation control is provided. The control of the control unit 20 includes start / stop of power generation performed on the basis of the measured value of the anemometer 7, and cutout control performed at the time of strong wind at which the measured value of the anemometer 7 becomes a predetermined value or more. Included.

The control unit 20 includes an output signal of the wind speed V measured by the anemometer 7, an output signal of detecting the generator output W generated by the generator 11, and an outside air temperature sensor 12 installed in place. The output signal of the ambient temperature T measured at is input.

Moreover, the control part 20 is connected so that control of the variable pitch mechanism 30 is possible. This variable pitch mechanism 30 is a mechanism for suitably changing the pitch angle of the windmill vane 5 according to various conditions, such as wind speed. In addition, when the variable pitch mechanism 30 receives the cutout signal 21 output from the control unit 20 during strong winds, the rotor head 4 is rotated by changing the pitch angle of the windmill vanes 5. The cutout control operation for stopping the operation can also be implemented.

The control part 20 performs cutout control at the time of the strong wind from which the wind speed V becomes more than predetermined value Vc by the measured value of the anemometer 7, and also measures the pitch of the vane of the windmill vane 5, It is determined that the anemometer is abnormal when a difference of a predetermined value ΔV or more occurs between the estimated wind speed value Va obtained from the relationship of the output W of the generator 11 and the wind speed V, which is a measured value of the anemometer 7. do.

Hereinafter, the determination process of the anemometer abnormality in the control unit 20 will be described in detail based on the flowchart of FIG. 3.

In the first step S1, the wind generator 1 is operated to generate power. During this development, the wind speed V is always monitored by measuring the wind speed V with the wind speed meter 7 at step S2 and inputting it to the control unit 20.

Simultaneously with the wind speed monitoring in step S2, in step S3, the generator output W of the generator 11 is measured and input to the control unit 20. This generator output W is used for control of the variable pitch mechanism 30 which changes the pitch angle (alpha) of the windmill vane 5. As shown in FIG. That is, the variable pitch mechanism 30 changes the pitch angle α of the windmill vanes 5 to an optimum value based on the measured value of the generator output W. FIG.

The generator output W and the pitch angle α obtained in step S3 are used to calculate the estimated wind speed Va in the next step S4. This estimated wind speed Va is computed based on the graph shown in FIG. 4, for example. This graph shows the characteristics of the windmill vanes 5 with the vertical axis as the generator output W and the horizontal axis as the wind speed V, and the generator output W obtained by the wind speed V is the blade pitch angle α. Are indicated by). Therefore, knowing the generator output W and the pitch angle α can reverse the wind speed (V). For this reason, the wind speed obtained by the inversion from the generator output W and the pitch angle α is defined as the estimated wind speed Va. That is, if the anemometer 7 is normal in addition to the generator output W and the pitch angle α, the wind speed V measured by the anemometer 7 and the estimated wind speed Va substantially coincide. Moreover, the cutout wind speed value Vc which means the upper limit wind speed which the operation | movement of a windmill becomes possible is decided by the characteristic of the windmill vane 5.

Therefore, in the next step S5, the difference between the wind speed V and the estimated wind speed value Va is calculated, and it is determined whether the absolute value is larger than the predetermined value ΔV or more (│V-Vs│≥ΔV). . As a result, when the absolute value of the difference between the wind speed V and the estimated wind speed value Va is larger than ΔV or larger (YES), the flow advances to the next step S6, where any abnormality has occurred in the anemometer 7. Judging. That is, in the driving situation in which the wind of the wind speed V input from the anemometer 7 is blowing, the generator output W actually inputs the windmill blade 5 of the wind turbine 1 to the pitch angle α. In the case of operating with), when it is different from the calculated generator output obtained from the graph of FIG. 4, it is considered that an abnormality occurs in the anemometer 7 and an incorrect measurement value is output.

If the wind power generator 1 continues to operate in the state where the abnormality has occurred in the anemometer 7, since a serious problem may be caused, the flow proceeds to the next step S7 to output a cutout signal. When the cutout signal is output in this manner, the variable pitch mechanism 30 is operated to change the blade pitch angle α to a feathering angle. As a result, by releasing the energy of wind, the rotation speed and the generator output W of the rotor head 4 are gradually lowered, and finally it is in the wait (reset wait for cutout) state.

In this way, the control unit 20 determines a predetermined value between the estimated wind speed value Va obtained from the relationship between the blade pitch angle α and the generator output W, and the wind speed V which is a measured value of the anemometer 7. Since it is determined that the anemometer is abnormal when a difference of (ΔV) or more occurs, the abnormality of the anemometer 7 can be detected reliably.

The control part 20 mentioned above can recognize the abnormality of the anemometer 7 which arises due to icing by using the outside air temperature T measured by the outside air temperature sensor 12 installed in place. Hereinafter, the control which the control part 20 determines the abnormality of the anemometer 7 by icing based on the flowchart of the modification shown in FIG. 5 is demonstrated concretely. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part as the flowchart of FIG. 3 mentioned above, and the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

In this control, the outside air temperature T is monitored by the outside air temperature sensor 12 in step S11 simultaneously with the monitoring of the wind speed V in step S2 described above and the wing pitch angle α in step S3. ) Is being monitored.

When the outside air temperature T obtained in step S11 determines that the absolute value of the difference between the wind speed V and the estimated wind speed value Va is greater than or equal to ΔV in step S5 described above (step YES), step S12 In this case, it is judged whether or not the temperature is lower than a predetermined value. As a result, in the case where the outside temperature T is a low temperature below the predetermined value (YES), the flow proceeds to the next step S13, where it is determined that the anemometer 7 is in an abnormal state due to icing. That is, at low temperature where the outside air temperature T falls below the freezing point, for example, it can be judged that the probability of abnormality occurring due to ice or ice adhering to the anemometer 7 is high. In other words, the control unit 20 reliably detects an anemometer abnormality due to icing on the anemometer 7 generated at low outside temperature by using the detected value of the outside temperature T when determining the anomaly of the anemometer 7. Can be detected.

By this determination, the cutout signal is output in the next step S7 similarly to the case where the outside temperature T is higher than the predetermined value (NO). In addition, the output after the cutout signal of step S7 is the same as that of the case of FIG. 3 mentioned above.

According to the wind power generator 1 of the present invention described above, it is possible to reliably detect an abnormality relating to the wind speed V, which is a measured value of the anemometer 7 performing cutout control. In particular, even when the anemometer 7 outputs a measurement value (wind speed V) smaller than the actual wind speed value by icing or the like by adding a condition of the outside air temperature T, cutout control is reliably performed and The power generation device 1 can be protected from strong winds. That is, the mechanical stress in the wind power generator 1 is reduced by performing cutout control reliably at the time of strong wind more than cutout wind speed.

In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, It can change suitably in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

Claims (3)

A main shaft connected to a rotor head equipped with windmill vanes and integrally rotating to a nacelle provided on a support column, a speed increaser for increasing and outputting rotation of the main shaft, a generator driven by the output of the speed reducer, and an anemometer In the wind power generator comprising a control unit for performing cutout control to stop the power generation in the strong wind when the measured value of the predetermined value or more, The control unit is configured to determine that an anemometer is abnormal when a difference of a predetermined value or more occurs between the estimated wind speed value obtained from the relationship between the blade pitch angle of the windmill vane and the output of the generator and the measured value of the anemometer. , Wind power generation device. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the control unit is configured to use the detected value of the outside air temperature when determining the anemometer abnormality. The wind power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit is configured to perform cutout control to stop power generation when it is determined that the anemometer is abnormal.

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