KR101007973B1 - Concrete block of shore protection consist of double layer having function of prnificating waton and water permeability - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A double layered porous concrete revetment block with a water purification and repair function is provided to supply moisture required for growing plants and inhabiting microorganisms. CONSTITUTION: A double layered porous concrete revetment block with a water purification and repair function is manufactured as follows. A concrete composition for a water permeable layer is formed by mixing portland blast furnace cement 360~390 weight%, crushed coarse aggregate 1650~1700 weight%, silica fume 44 weight%, fiber reinforcement 6 weight%, recycled perlite photo-catalyst 4~8 weight%, and a mixture 4.5 weight% with water 85~105 weight%. A concrete composition for a repair layer is formed by mixing portland blast furnace cement 330~350 weight%, fine aggregate 1000~1050 weight%, and recycled perlite 15~50 weight% with water 85~105 weight%.

Description

Water Refining, Repair and Permeable Concrete Revetment Block Consisting of Two Layers {CONCRETE BLOCK OF SHORE PROTECTION CONSIST OF DOUBLE LAYER HAVING FUNCTION OF PRNIFICATING WATON AND WATER PERMEABILITY}

The present invention relates to a two-layer water purification and water-repellent concrete revetment block composed of a water-permeable layer in the upper layer and a water-retaining layer in the lower layer. By adding a regenerated pearlite carrying photocatalyst to the mortar composition, a permeable concrete composition can be imparted with permeability, vegetation, and water purification functions, and blast furnace cement and fine aggregates are mainly used for the repair layer of the lower layer, and concrete with other additives By adding regenerated pearlite powder, which is a porous material to mortar, to ensure excellent water retention, it is possible to form a water-repellent concrete composition that gives plant stiffness and effective microbial habitat function. Regarding the shoreline block formed by the middle layer A.

Recently, large-scale civil engineering projects focused on rivers have been implemented in Korea, and the necessity for eco-friendly river development is increasing. Accordingly, the necessity of construction materials possessing environmental purification functions is increasing. The riverside protection block is a concrete secondary product installed near the river to prevent the loss of soil and earth by flooding and to prevent the collapse of facilities such as roads around the river. In particular, vegetation protection block is made to have the same texture as natural stone, and can be said to be a block designed to secure the vegetation space in the block so that the plant's activity and microorganisms can inhabit.

However, vegetation protection block has the disadvantage that the surface of the concrete block may interfere with the vegetation of plants, and does not provide a space for the ecosystem of various rivers such as microorganisms to thrive. Even for the development of eco-friendly rivers, the development of the improved river revetment block with the eco-concrete concept, which can improve the problems of the existing river revetment blocks, is also an essential issue for the development of eco-friendly land.

This raises the question of how to improve the river bank block in the concept of eco-concrete. Eco-concrete can be divided into environmentally-friendly concrete and bioreactive eco-concrete (see JCI symposium data in 2000).

end. Reduction of environmental load in concrete production: The use of resource circulating materials, the process of producing low carbon concrete.

I. Reduction of environmental load when using concrete: Recycling of concrete and long life of concrete.

All. Purify the environment by using concrete: Water quality control through concrete, control of environmental heat.

la. Securing a habitat for living organisms: Secures a reproductive space through relatively large pores, secures a reproductive space through continuous pores, setstles roots of vegetation, and secures surface area for microbial habitat.

hemp. Concrete that does not adversely affect the reproduction of living organisms: Alkali and heavy metals reduce elution, concrete that does not destroy the reproductive base, and concrete that does not hinder the movement of water in the soil. Techniques such as reducing concrete waste with extension are becoming commonplace. In addition, concrete products with low pH, such as blast furnace slag, which are mixed with concrete admixtures, are being developed one after another. In addition, concrete products that can grow roots of plants while inducing various microscopic ecosystems such as microorganisms by preparing vegetation spaces in concrete are also produced. In addition, the above five functionalities are linked to each other so that one characteristic is satisfied. The other four elements are also somewhat satisfactory. However, in this project, we are going to manufacture the vegetation protection block for river banks that positively affects the environment by actively satisfying the above factors of various eco-concrete. This is to introduce the resource recycling material into the concrete so that the resource recycling material has an active environmental purification function.

At the same time, these materials do not emit harmful substances, so as not to adversely affect the reproduction of living things, and to secure a vegetation space to secure a habitat for living things. In order to satisfy various elements of such eco-concrete, this project will develop the following concrete products.

-Use of circulating water purification material: Recycled perlite and sewage sludge after sewage treatment, blast furnace slag, etc.

-Securing vegetation space and securing vegetation function: Development of concrete product with vegetation space by developing concrete product with external porous permeability-inner repair concrete structure.

-Development of concrete blocks that can minimize the adverse effects of chlorine ions and heavy metals in the surrounding ecosystem.

Based on this concept, the outer (upper layer) is a permeable layer with many voids, so it has a space for vegetation and microorganisms, and the lower (lower layer) has fine aggregates, etc. To manufacture concrete blocks that hold the water needed for their growth. In addition, by using a certain amount of environmental purification materials such as regenerated pearlite and photocatalyst, concrete products with active water purification function will be developed. The development of eco-friendly concrete products is expected to bring a lot of profits to the development companies due to the development of environmentally-friendly high value-added concrete products, as well as the domestic environment.

Knowing the prior art related to the improved stream revetment block of the eco-concrete concept of the present invention to be developed,

In the domestic registered patent publication (Registration No. 948556), the technical content of the "preparation method and concrete block for water purification using microorganisms" is introduced. The technology consists of adding a mixture of immobilized and dormant spores to a natural mineral carrier of anatomical or volcanic stone by adding it to a cement mixture and mixing the mixture to obtain a mixing mixture. As a concrete block, such a block blocks the contact of contaminants in the water and microorganisms enclosed in the concrete, so the water purification effect by microorganisms cannot be greatly expected, and microorganisms cannot be activated when the environment is not suitable for the microorganisms or the environment changes. It is not a permanent water purification block.

In addition, the Korean Patent Publication (Publication No. 10-2010-18122) discloses the technical content of "environmentally friendly porous vegetation concrete composition". This is a porous vegetation concrete composition for producing coastal or coastal revetment blocks or roadside revetment blocks or vegetation blocks.It is a vegetated concrete product foamed with cement, vegetable foaming agent, cationic adsorbent, plant growth accelerator and cryoprotectant composition. It is easy to drain water by its composition, and it has a function of porosity that facilitates the growth of plants, but it does not have the function of decomposing and removing harmful substances or pollutants, and the strength to be basically provided as a concrete structure is too weak.

In addition, as a conventional example of concrete products using recycled materials, a method of manufacturing Paulus Concrete Reef and Associate blocks for marine ecological restoration using construction waste and waste wood charcoal has been introduced in Korean registered patent publication (Registration No. 571288). The contents of the technology include cement, crushed stone and waste concrete circulating aggregate, waste concrete fine powder, waste charcoal powder, steel fiber or reticulated polyfuropyrene fiber, fluidizing agent selected from portant cement, blast furnace slag cement and fly ash cement. And a method for producing a polar concrete and eosoblock for marine state restoration having a porosity of 10 to 40% using a high performance AE water reducing agent. Such concrete products have a large porosity, so that the seawater can be smoothly distributed in the block body, but there is a problem in strength and the decomposition and purification function by the photocatalytic function of contaminated water is not mentioned.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1997-328734 discloses a technology for porous concrete secondary products that can be used for vegetation, but this product is also a concept of simply adsorption, not a concept of removing water pollutants, and a technology for water purification. The content is not mentioned.

Introduces resource recycling type material to cement concrete secondary products to manufacture vegetation protection block for river banks, which makes resource recycling type active environmental purification function. Specifically, double layer having water permeability in upper layer and water retention in lower layer Water-repellent block of integrated water purification, repair, and permeable concrete with permeability, water permeability, vegetation function, and water purification function are given to the outer permeable layer, and the water retention for the plant growth and microbial habitat is given A method for producing water purification and water-retaining concrete permeable block having a double layer having a strength equal to or higher than that of a conventional revetment vegetation block by appropriately formulating a composition of the revetment vegetation block as well as supplying In providing.

The concrete revetment block with permeable layer and water-retaining layer is obtained as a permeable layer by obtaining blast furnace cement, regenerated pearlite (pearlite photocatalyst) carrying photocatalyst, crushed coarse aggregate, silica fume, fiber reinforcement, and water-permeable concrete with water admixture, The objective of the present invention can be achieved by obtaining a water-reinforced concrete composition composed of fine aggregate, regenerated pearlite, and water, and providing a water-repellent block integrally formed of a double layer by a two-touch method with a water-permeable concrete composition and a water-retaining concrete composition.

The lake block according to the present invention has an excellent water purification function which can greatly reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in water by a pearlite photocatalyst, and has a water retention layer and a water permeable layer. It can be said to be an eco-friendly revetment block that can enable the formation of aquatic micro ecosystems such as microorganisms as well as aquatic plants.

In the present invention, the raft block is a raft block integrated into a double layer of a permeable layer of the upper layer and a repair layer of the lower layer.

360 to 390 parts by weight of blast furnace cement, 1650 to 1700 parts by weight of coarse aggregate, 44 parts by weight of silica fume, 6 parts by weight of fiber reinforcing agent, 4 to 8 parts by weight of regenerated pearlite photocatalyst, and 4.5 to 105 parts by weight of water for curing Adding and mixing the mixed permeable concrete composition;

Blast furnace cement 330 ~ 350 parts by weight, fine aggregate 1000 ~ 1050 parts by weight, 15 ~ 50 parts by weight of regenerated pearlite to add 85 ~ 105 parts by weight of the water for hardening to form a mixed concrete layer of water-retaining,

Method of manufacturing a raft block comprising the step of forming a dual layer integrally by a two-touch method of filling the water-repellent concrete composition in the lower layer of the mold to the first vibrating process and then filling the water-permeable concrete composition in the upper layer to perform the second vibration treatment. This can be called.

In the above method, blast furnace cement is calcined and pulverized by adding blast furnace slag to a conventional portland cement. The blast furnace slag fine powder mainly contains SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , CaO, and MgO, which accounts for 94 to 97% of the total chemical composition. The specific gravity of the blast furnace slag powder is in the range of 2.85 to 2.95, which is about 80% smaller, which can contribute to the weight reduction with the pearlite, which will be described later, and can also function as an admixture having excellent dispersibility in concrete. When blast furnace slag is added to cement, it can be expected to reduce heat of hydration, improve long-term strength, and increase water tightness. Especially, it prevents the leaching of alkali in concrete to prevent whitening and is suitable for use in vegetation concrete.

The coarse aggregate uses crushed stone coarse aggregate that passes through the 13mm sieve and remains in the 5mm sieve to form voids in the permeable layer. The fine aggregate passes through the 5mm sieve and remains almost 0.1mm sieve, and the size is evenly distributed between 0.1mm ~ 1mm. As the aggregate aggregate, the assembly rate, safety, water absorption rate, chloride, etc. are the level of aggregate aggregate suitable for manufacturing concrete blocks.

  In addition, silica fume has a density of 2.1 ~ 2.2g / ㎠ and is less than the specific gravity of concrete, and when added to concrete composition, silica fume is effective in producing high strength concrete, improving material separation resistance and chemical resistance, suppressing alkali aggregate reaction, especially concrete In the case of only coarse aggregate, the addition of silica fume is essential in order to suppress the cement flow through the pores.

By using fiber reinforcement, short fibers can be uniformly dispersed in concrete to improve tensile strength, flexural strength, crack resistance, toughness, shear strength, and impact resistance. Use waste fibers. In addition, the regeneration pearlite and the photocatalyst carrying the photocatalyst will be described.

Pearlite (regenerated pearlite).

The pearlite used in the present invention is obtained by washing the obtained pearlite discarded at the end of its life in hydroponic cultivation farm, and then washed with a pearlite dried at 100 ℃ for 12 hours or more to ensure porosity and then heat treated to 600 ℃ to contain in the pearlite pores By decomposing and burning the organic material, the original porosity can be secured.

2. Classification of pearlite.

In order to apply the regenerated pearlite to the water-retaining layer, the crusher was crushed and sieved to select particles having a size that can be used for the concrete block.

Sieving was carried out as shown in Table 1 to obtain two kinds of regenerated pearlite. The reason for distinguishing the two types of regenerated pearlite particles as described above is that the concrete block developed through the present invention is composed of a double layer of permeation / repair, so that coarse aggregate is added to the permeable layer, and fine aggregate is added to the retentive layer, thereby making the permeability and repair function effective. In order to achieve this, the size of the regenerated pearlite particles must be adapted.

-Sieve condition of regenerated pearlite

In addition, the composition and the physical properties of the regenerated pearlite as shown in Table 2 were obtained by comparing the composition and the physical properties using the SEM-EDS in order to compare the regenerated pearlite with the current commercially produced pearlite products.

-Composition and Properties of Recycled Perlite-

Compared with the regenerated pearlite and the current commercially produced pearlite products as shown in the above table, there is no significant difference in porosity and pH components, so it is expected that the water purification and repair functions can be exhibited.

3. Photocatalyst.

The photocatalyst used in the present invention is precipitated in floc state by agglomeration of colloidal solids, suspended solids, and phosphorus compounds, which are water pollutants such as titanium dioxide (Ti (SO ₄ )) _2, which is used as a flocculant for water purification. The method for obtaining a regenerated photocatalyst from sludge as recycled photocatalyst (TiO ₂ ) obtained from the sludge is subjected to calcining at 500 to 700 ° C. through a process of dehydrating and drying the waste sludge to decompose and remove sulfuric acid gas to obtain a titanium dioxide photocatalyst.

The characteristics of the waste sludge recycle photocatalyst obtained by this process have the properties of white titanium dioxide particles, and the typical anatase titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ) having main peak at 2θ = 25 ° as a result of X-ray diffraction (XRD). In general, titanium dioxide has rutile, anatase and brookite phases, and anatase titanium oxide has photocatalytic activity.

4. Photocatalyst coated regenerated pearlite (regenerated pearlite carrying photocatalyst).

The photocatalyst is coated on perlite, and the photocatalyst coating method is performed by dispersing the photocatalyst in water and dipping perlite in the dispersion.

Application of the photocatalyst applies only to the perlite 1 used in the water-permeable layer. The reason is that since it enters the lower part of the concrete block which is not exposed to the repair layer, the function of the photocatalyst is not exerted, so the meaning of application is lost.

The method of coating the photocatalyst on perlite was carried out by weighing 200 mL of the recycled photocatalyst in an apparent volume into a 2L vessel, filling water up to 80% of the vessel, and adding a cationic dispersant (sanopco SN 5468) with 30 rpm. Ball milling for 10 hours at the speed of to prepare a dispersion of ball milling waste sludge recycling photocatalyst average particle size in the range of 5 ~ 10㎛, and add 5% to the total dispersion of polysol, an acrylic water-soluble binder The pearlite particles were immediately immersed to immerse and left to stand in a dry orb at 120 ° C. for 12 hours to completely dry the water. After drying, the resultant was washed with water to remove titanium dioxide particles not bound to pearlite, and dried at 120 ° C. for 4 hours.

The results of SEM-EDS are shown in Table 3 to determine the difference between the photocatalyst coated regenerated pearlite and the uncoated regenerated pearlite.

-SEM-EDS results of photocatalyst coated regenerated pearlite and regenerated pearlite-

This functionality was evaluated as a photocatalyst by evaluating acetaldehyde (CH ₃ CHO) removal performance of regenerated pearlite to which a photocatalyst was applied. Acetaldehyde removal was performed using the gas bag B method proposed by the Korea Photocatalyst Association and the Japan Photocatalyst Association. This method is to evaluate the functionality of the photocatalyst by evaluating the removal performance by measuring the concentration of the pollutant gas after putting the photocatalyst material and pollutant gas (acetaldehyde, CH ₃ CHO) in a transparent gas bag for 20 hours, and irradiating ultraviolet rays. The method is shown in Table 4.

-Photocatalytic Performance Test Conditions by Gas Bag B Method-

Table 5 shows the results of the performance evaluation of the photocatalyst by the gas bag B method. As a result, the regeneration pearlite using photocatalyst showed almost 100% acetaldehyde degradability, and it was proved that the regeneration pearlite particles coated with photocatalyst had excellent functionality as photocatalyst. In contrast, when the photocatalyst was not applied, almost no functionality as a photocatalyst was realized. Through this, it could be said that the regenerated pearlite to which the photocatalyst was applied could realize functionality as a photocatalyst by introducing titanium dioxide.

-Test result of photocatalyst performance by gas bag B method-

In addition, the admixture added to the concrete composition uses a lignin sulfonate-based water reducing agent, and the amount of water added for hydrocuring is 85 to 105 parts by weight. In such a range, water close to the highest amount is used in wet molding, and the minimum when dry molding is used. Use water close to the amount.

In determining the function and physical properties of the raft block prepared using the above compositions, the raft block of the present invention has a structure of a double layer of a water-repellent layer and a water-permeable layer.

1. Evaluation of the conservative level.

For evaluation of the repair layer, a specimen (repair 1, 2, 3, 4, 8) outside the scope of the repair layer concrete composition of the present invention was produced and the specimen (repair 5, 6, 7) included in the scope of the repair layer concrete composition of the present invention. The specimens were prepared in the normal compressive and tensile strength specimens (5 cubic specimens with one side) and the composition ratios are shown in Table 6.

-Ratio of repaired concrete specimen according to the embodiment-

In order to determine the compressive strength according to the embodiment of the repair 1 to repair 8, the experiment was performed while applying pressure at a speed of 0.6 ± 0.4 MPa / s using a UTM (Universal Test Machine) as shown in KSF 2405. It was. As a result, the compressive strength measurement results of the repaired specimens were obtained as shown in Table 7. As a result of the test, it can be seen that the compressive strength decreases rapidly as the amount of pearlite added increases. This result suggests that the relatively weak pearlite has a negative effect on the compressive strength because it has a porous structure.

-Compressive strength measurement result table of repair layer specimens (unit MPa)-

In order to evaluate how much the specimens shown in Table 6 can absorb and store water, a water absorption test, which is a test related to water retention, was performed. In the case of water absorption test, the cube specimens cured on one side of 5 cm, cured for 28 days were dried for 48 hours under 110 ± 5 ℃ temperature, soaked for 48 hours, then taken out and wiped with a towel. The weight was again measured (wet weight).

Table 8 shows the water absorption test results.

-Absorption rate test result of repair layer specimen-

Examination of the test results showed that the specimen using fine aggregate was twice as good as the water absorption rate than the specimen using the aggregate with 1mm sieve. In addition, the absorption rate is rapidly increased with the addition of regenerated pearlite.

In addition, as shown in Table 8, the water absorption rate of the water-permeable layer that satisfies the range of the water-retaining concrete composition of the present invention is in the range of 17% to 23%.

Next, the water purification performance was evaluated. Water purification performance test used only the particles left on the screen after crushing the concrete block 1mm sieve. 50 g of the mixture was placed in a 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask, and 150 mL of the contaminated water prepared therein was sealed, and the flask was sealed to prevent dust from entering and left standing in a thermostat at a temperature of 20 ± 1 ° C. for 7 days. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P) were measured as indicators to evaluate water purification performance.

Table 9 shows the results of evaluating the water purification performance. As a result of the water purification performance test, COD, T-N, and T-P decreased as the amount of recycled pearlite increased. As a result of this test, it can be seen that the addition of recycled pearlite increases the water purification performance as well as the water retainability of the concrete block. In addition, the use of fine aggregates is superior to the water purification ability than otherwise. Therefore, concrete blocks manufactured using recycled pearlite showed the possibility of being newly used as environmental purification materials in addition to contributing to the environment by recycling discarded pearlite.

-Water Purification Performance Test Results of Repaired Specimen. -

2. Evaluation of the permeable layer.

In order to evaluate the permeable layer, a specimen outside the range of the permeable concrete composition of the present invention was prepared (permeables 1 and 2), and the specimen (permeables 3 and 4) included in the range of the permeable concrete composition of the present invention was measured for compressive strength and tensile strength. The reason for manufacturing the repair layer specimen and other specimens with cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 10cm and a height of 20cm, is that the size of one side is the minimum of the dimension of the coarse aggregate for accurate measurement. This is because the permeable layer specimen using coarse aggregate has to be three times or more, so it is difficult to manufacture a square specimen having a length of 5 cm on one side. Table 10 is the composition ratio of the permeable layer concrete specimen according to the embodiment.

-Composition ratio of permeable layer concrete specimens according to the embodiment (Pitchers 1 to 4)-

The cement used is blast furnace cement and the ratio of cement to water is about 4: 1, but it is wet and dry to cement ratio of 5: 1.

As a admixture, silica fume is added about 10% of cement, and a small amount of fiber reinforcement is added to make up for the reduction of wombability by adding silica fume. Photocatalyst-coated pearlite particles are added to improve water purification functionality.

The compressive strength of the permeable layer specimens according to the example was measured. Compressive strength was measured using UTM as shown in KS F 2405.

The measurement results are shown in Table 11. It was found that the compressive strength of the specimen in the permeable part was considerably smaller than the conservative part, even if the cube specimen was generally slightly larger in compressive strength than the cylindrical specimen and the compressive strength decreased with increasing specimen size. This is considered to be because the permeable part made of coarse aggregate has a large amount of voids and thus a relatively low strength. However, by using silica fume and fiber reinforcement, the compressive strength of the permeable part was increased by about 2.5 times than that without silica fume and fiber reinforcement. However, this decreased slightly as the amount of regenerated pearlite-photocatalyst particles was increased.

-Compressive strength measurement results for the permeable layer specimen according to the embodiment-

Permeability coefficient was measured for the prepared permeable layer specimen. Permeability coefficients were performed according to the method presented in KS F 2322. Table 12 shows the permeability coefficient according to the concrete composition. Experimental results show that the permeability coefficient decreases when silica fume is used, and the permeability coefficient decreases with increasing use of recycled pearlite. It is believed that this is because regenerated pearlite and silica fume have water absorption, resulting in poor water drainage. Although such phenomena occur, the permeability coefficient of the prepared specimens is considered to be sufficient to exhibit sufficient permeability in rainy weather as the environmental mark of 0.01 cm / s or more, and the permeability coefficient of the permeable layer that satisfies the scope of the present invention permeable concrete composition It can be seen that the range is 0.3cm / s ~ 0.45cm / s.

-Measurement result of permeability coefficient according to composition of concrete specimen-

Next, the safety of the prepared specimens was evaluated.

The safety of the specimens was carried out using the analysis of heavy metal elution presented in the waste process test method and the ecotoxicity test presented in the water pollution process test method.

Therefore, the heavy metal dissolution test for concrete products used in water, such as shore blocks, must be conducted. The heavy metal dissolution test was performed by shaking 100 g of crushed concrete blocks completely in 1 L of distilled water and shaking at room temperature for 6 hours. In this way, the heavy metals are eluted and then UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Scinco S-3100), Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAs, Shimaze), Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICP, Perkin-Elmer, Optimer) 5300DV) and the like. As shown in Table 13, heavy metals were hardly detected in both the permeable block and the repair block, so that there is little risk of river contamination by heavy metals.

-Heavy metal leaching test of manufactured concrete specimen-

Next, the ecotoxicity test of the manufactured concrete block was conducted. Ecotoxicity was tested using the water flea method presented in the Water Pollution Process Test. This method elutes the substance in concrete by waste process test method and observes water flea in water for 24 hours to determine the concentration (EC50) which causes 50% swimming inhibition and ecological toxicity value (TU) by unit conversion. , Toxic Unit). The concrete specimens prepared for this were eluted by the waste process test method, and the dissolution conditions were shown in Table 14.

-Elution conditions for ecotoxicity test-

The water fleas were incubated in the eluted solution for 24 hours as shown in the photograph, and the calculated half-water impact concentrations (EC50) and ecotoxicity values (TU) were shown in Table 15. The half toxic concentration of NaCl, the standard toxic solution, is about 5700 mg / L, and the half lethal concentration of the permeable / repaired concrete is 67.83% of the eluate. It is considered that the ecotoxicity value of concrete developed through this project was greatly reduced. In addition, the concrete specimens developed through this project are not considered to have high ecotoxicity levels due to the absence of specific contaminants including heavy metals. However, as shown in the experiment, the reason for the presence of TU is because the concrete itself is alkaline and has chlorine ions, which is considered to be due to the leaching of chlorine ions in the water. Due to the degree of toxicity, it is not considered to have a significant effect on nature. The ecotoxicity value was very good, which is less than the emission limit set forth in the Enforcement Rules on Water Quality and Ecosystem Conservation.

-Ecotoxicity Test Result of Manufactured Concrete Specimen-

Next, the water purification performance of the permeable part was evaluated. Water purification performance was performed in the same way as the water retention part was tested. Table 16 shows the water purification performance results of the permeation block. As a result of the test, the water purification performance of the permeate part was found to be very good as well as the repair part, and the water purification performance increased sharply with the addition of recycled pearlite. As a result, it was found that the water purification performance is increased by the addition of regenerated pearlite or the like.

-Water Purification Performance According to the Example of Permeable Layer-

It was evaluated whether the prepared permeable and repair layer functionality was maintained.

The test was conducted by soaking in contaminated water prepared at 20 ± 1 ° C. as shown for 3 months and measuring the water purification capacity before and after soaking. The water purification capacity was measured by modifying the methylene blue adsorption performance test of activated carbon presented in KS M 1802, and the change of water purification capacity was measured. This method is 2.0 ± 0.05 g of concrete ground in a triangular flask and methylene blue (methylene). blue) 25 mL of 2.4 mg / L solution was added to a shaking incubator for 30 minutes, followed by stirring. The concentration change of methylene blue was measured and evaluated using an ultraviolet-vis spectrophotometer. The adsorption amount of methylene blue is calculated by the following equation.

C: residual concentration of methylene blue (mg / L)

S: Sample input amount (g)

Table 17 shows the measured methylene blue adsorption amount and the change in methylene blue adsorption amount measured after 3 months of standing. The results showed that the water-repellent and permeable compositions with regenerated pearlite showed better adsorption of methylene blue than those without regenerated perlite, and the reduction of functionality was very good at 20% or less after 3 months.

-Methylene blue decolorization ability according to composition and 3 months politics-

A part of the prepared concrete block was taken to elute water and the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) was measured. For elution, 50 g of the sample was placed in 500 mL of distilled water having a pH of 7.0 ± 0.1, and left at room temperature for 6 hours, and then the pH of the eluted water was measured. The measured pH values are shown in Table 18. As a result of the measurement, the pH of concrete eluate block eluate developed through this project was found to be close to neutral, and it could be predicted that the environmental load was very low.

-Hydrogen ion concentration in the manufactured concrete block eluate-

Vegetation experiments were conducted to see if the manufactured concrete blocks possessed vegetation functionality. For vegetation experiments, the soil was covered with a 5 cm thick layer on the top of the concrete block (pitcher 3) prepared through the present task, and the grass (Korean grass) seeds were planted and incubated for 3 months. In the case of the concrete revetment block specimen developed through this project, it was confirmed that it shows good vegetation functionality.

Among the water-retaining layer specimens, the excellent water absorption rate (repair rate) was used between fine aggregates between 0.1 and 1 mm and recycled pearlite. The conservative layer specimens 5, 6, and 7 were the largest decreases in COD, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) in the water purification test results, and the decrease was increased with the addition of recycled pearlite. The purifying function can be seen to be mainly performed by regenerated pearlite. However, as the content of the regenerated pearlite photocatalyst increases in the repair layer specimen 7, the compressive strength is lowered, and thus a larger amount cannot be used.

As described above, the repair specimens 5, 6, and 7 are the test specimens belonging to the range of the repair layer concrete composition, and have a high level of compressive strength (15 MPa to 44 MPa) and at the same time have an appropriate water permeability and can be referred to as a repair layer concrete composition having excellent water purification function.

In the permeable layer specimens 1, 2, 3, and 4, the permeable layer specimen 1 is the concrete composition without addition of silica fume, fiber reinforcement material and pearlite photocatalyst, and has the lowest compressive strength. This can be said to be the result of the addition of silica fume and the fiber reinforcing agent, and also hardly expected water purification function, which can be said to be the result of not adding a pearlite photocatalyst.

In addition, the permeable layer specimen 2 showed excellent compressive strength by adding silica fume and fiber reinforcing agent, but since the perlite photocatalyst was not added, the amount of reduction of COD, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus was small, making it difficult to use for water purification.

Permeable layer specimens 3 and 4 include silica fume, fiber reinforcing agent, and pearlite photocatalyst as specimens within the scope of the permeable layer concrete composition of the present invention, and have a compressive strength of at least 10 Mpa. Since the function, the methylene bluetal performance is excellent, it was possible to obtain the same effect as the water-permeable concrete composition according to the present invention.

The permeable layer of the lake bank prepared by the above method contains perlite photocatalyst, which greatly reduces COD (chemical oxygen demand), total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water, and has excellent water purification function, and many permeable holes are formed in the permeable layer. By increasing the contact area with the water, the water purification function can be further enhanced, and the microorganisms such as microorganisms can be enhanced to secure the space for plant roots to grow and to secure moisture in the conservative layer even when it is out of water. It can be said to be an eco-friendly lake block because it can supply moisture.

Claims (8)

Blast furnace cement 360 ~ 390 parts by weight, crushed coarse aggregate 1650 ~ 1700 parts by weight, silica fume 44 parts by weight, fiber reinforcing agent 6 parts by weight, 4 ~ 8 parts by weight of regeneration pearlite supported photocatalyst, 4.5 parts by weight of admixtures, 85 to 105 parts by weight of water And then mixed the water-permeable concrete composition with blast furnace cement by adding 330-350 parts by weight of blast furnace cement, 1000-1050 parts by weight of fine aggregate, and 15-50 parts by weight of recycled pearlite powder to 85-105 parts by weight of water to form a mixed water-retaining concrete composition. It consists of a water-permeable and water-retaining layer formed by integrally forming a double layer by a two-touch method of filling a water-repellent concrete composition in the lower layer of the first layer and then performing a second vibration by filling the water-permeable layer concrete composition in the upper layer. Water Purification, Repair, Permeable Concrete Shore Block.
The method of claim 1,
The crushed coarse aggregate is a water quality purification, water-retaining, and permeable concrete revetment block composed of permeable and water-retaining layers, characterized by crushing coarse aggregate of 5 to 13 mm in size.
The method of claim 1,
Fine aggregate is a water quality purification, water refining, and permeable concrete revetment block composed of permeable and water-retaining layer, characterized in that the aggregate is 0.1 ~ 5mm in size.
The method of claim 1,
Photocatalyst supported regenerated pearlite is a regenerated pearlite photocatalyst in which regenerated pearlite particles having a size of 1 to 5 mm are loaded with photocatalyst particles having a size of 5 μm to 10 μm.
The method according to claim 4,
Photocatalyst-supported regenerated pearlite is a regenerated pearlite, which is a regenerated pearlite that recovers porosity by decomposing and burning organic materials contained in waste pearlite by washing the waste pearlite particles and then heat-treating them to a temperature of 600 ° C. Concrete revetment block.
The method of claim 1,
A water quality purification, water refining, and water-repellent concrete bank block comprising a water permeable layer with a water permeability layer of 0.3 cm / s or more.
The method of claim 1,
A water purification and water-retaining concrete water repellent block consisting of a water-permeable and water-retaining layer, characterized in that the water absorption rate is in the range of at least 17% to 23%.
The method of claim 1,
Water-retaining layer is a water-refining, water-retaining, and water-permeable concrete revetment block consisting of water-repellent and water-retaining layers, which have a function of reducing biological oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TN) in water.