KR100997250B1 - Incinerator automatic control system and method using measured temperature value and heat calculate in incinerator and 2th burn air auto control damper for incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An automatic operation control system using a temperature measurement value and a heat balance program inside the incinerator, and a damper for controlling the flow and velocity of secondary combustion air for an incinerator are provided to automatically control the various combustion states by uniformly maintaining the flow rate of combustion air. CONSTITUTION: An automatic operation control system comprises an outlet thermometer, an oxygen concentration sensor(45) and a controller. The outlet thermometer measures the exit temperature of a furnace. The acidity sensor for measuring concentration of sub-stances measures the oxygen content of a boiler. The controller comprises a heat balance program.

Description

Incinerator AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD USING MEASURED TEMPERATURE VALUE AND HEAT CALCULATE IN INCINERATOR AND 2TH BURN AIR AUTO CONTROL DAMPER FOR INCINERATOR}

The present invention is an incinerator automatic operation control system using secondary combustion air flow rate control damper and heat balance program for incinerator and heat balance program and temperature measurement value in incinerator, and more specifically, secondary combustion air amount according to the input amount of waste and the amount of heat generated. Even if this increases or decreases, the jet stream is automatically maintained, and the supply of primary and secondary air amounts is automatically controlled by using the temperature measured in the combustion chamber (incinerator exit, drying stage, and post-combustion stage). Incinerator automatic operation control system using secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for incinerator that can satisfy 3T (temperature, residence time, turbulence) combustion condition, temperature measurement value in incinerator and heat balance program will be.

      In general, in the design of incinerators, the conditions of incoming wastes are determined through design calculation process based on three types of representative criteria of high quality, heavy quality and low quality properties.

However, in accordance with government policies and various practical conditions, special situations are introduced in which wastes with different characteristics and calorific value are brought in at the time of incinerator design, and operation conditions of de-design conditions appearing in input waste and operating conditions outside the design range are generated. It is a reality.

     This results in a higher combustion chamber temperature than the designed value and severely affects the efficiency of the device for fire bricks, grate and after-treatment of preventive installations.

Looking at the details of the incinerator design, in the case of a general incinerator, the secondary combustion air is used to burn incomplete combustion products included in the unburned gas generated in the first combustion stage of the incinerator, and tar and char. The system is designed to supply 20-40% of the total supply air volume.

     In addition, the factors that determine the combustion performance of the incinerator are time, temperature and turbulence, commonly referred to as 3T. In order to destroy the incomplete combustion products generated during the burning of incinerators, mixing with air due to strong turbulence at a certain temperature is required, but when the amount of combustion air is reduced, the secondary combustion air is relatively low.

As the flow rate of the nozzle tip is reduced, the destruction of incomplete combustion products in the incinerator is weak. On the other hand, since the detailed combustion situation in the incinerator is very uneven and almost impossible to measure, the heat balance program and the temperature in the incinerator (incinerator outlet temperature, drying stage upper temperature, afterburner upper temperature) and boiler rear stage There is a need for a comprehensive operation control system that can represent the overall combustion situation using oxygen concentration and combustion gas volume.

In particular, the combustion phenomenon occurring in the combustion chamber of the incinerator is very complicated, and not only the temperature but also the combustion gas composition and the amount of unburned components included therein are different. Unburned components occur mainly in the drying zone, where the temperature is relatively low, or in the combustion zone, where there is not enough oxygen.

Since the combustion gas once exiting the incinerator bed has no significant mixing effect, the temperature and composition distribution remains nearly constant until it exits the primary combustion chamber and enters the secondary combustion chamber. In this case, when secondary air is injected, mixing of combustion gas is enhanced, and combustion of unburned components and destruction of pollutants are actively performed.

Therefore, it is more reliable to evaluate only after the secondary air supply time than to evaluate the temperature and residence time for the entire primary and secondary combustion chambers by evaluating combustion gas during incineration.

1A is a combustion control system of a conventional incinerator, in which an incinerator 10 is coupled to a pollutant gas treatment facility unit 40, and removes environmental pollutants of exhaust gas from the pollutant gas treatment facility unit 40.

The pollutant gas treatment unit 40 is composed of a semi-dry scrubbing tower 21 for removing acid gas from combustion air, a filter dust collecting facility 22, and a chimney 23 for discharging combustion gas into the atmosphere.

The automatic combustion control device (ACC) 30 controls the moving speed and the stopping speed of the grate based on the amount of incineration and calorific value of the incineration material introduced into the incinerator 10, and the mass data measured by the meter of the garbage injecting crane. It is configured to control in consideration of the temperature detected by the thermometer (TIC) 32 installed in the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber, the first and second combustion air amount, and the variables detected through the flow meters 33 and FIC generated in the boiler 11. In order to selectively perform such control, a connection switch between the automatic combustion control device 30, the thermometer 32, and the flow meter 33 is configured with a selection switch (PLC PROGRAM) 31 for adjusting generation variables.

As such, the automatic combustion control apparatus 30 of the conventional incinerator 10 generally controls the incinerator by detecting the steam generation amount and the incinerator outlet temperature of the boiler and analyzing them, and the boiler steam generation amount is characterized by the characteristics and calorific value of the incinerator. Since it is correlated with the secondary combustion air volume, the calorific value of the waste, feeder, grate speed, and primary and secondary combustion air quantities are the main parameters of automatic control.

In particular, referring to the secondary combustion air supply system of the conventional incinerator with reference to FIG. 1B, the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 installed below the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator 100 has an end flow velocity of 50 m / sec at the outlet nozzle. It is designed and configured), which is the flow rate when the main damper 102 installed at the front end of the secondary combustion air blower 101 is opened 100%.

The main damper 102 of the secondary combustion air blower 101 serves to supply the required air amount in the incinerator 100, and the total amount of combustion air when the main damper 102 is opened at 100% is applied to each secondary combustion air. It is fed into the incinerator 100 through the nozzle 104.

Therefore, in order to ensure sufficient contact with the combustion gas of the incinerator 100, the discharge flow rate of each of the secondary combustion air nozzles 104 must maintain the jet stream (50 m / sec). On the basis of this, the main damper 102 of the secondary combustion air blower 101 should always be kept open at 100%.

In the conventional case, a plurality of secondary combustion air nozzles 104 are not provided with independent dampers.

Accordingly, in the case of the conventional incinerator 100, when the operating conditions in the combustion chamber are changed by changing the properties and calorific values of the incinerator, the secondary combustion air is reduced when the total amount of secondary combustion air in the incinerator 100 is reduced. There is a problem that the amount of air introduced through the nozzle 104 is reduced and at the same time the flow rate is proportionally reduced.

In addition, in the incinerator 100 secondary combustion air supply system as shown in FIG. 1B, the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 and the air head 105 are often installed inside the incinerator inner wall of the refractory. In many cases, it is difficult to install an independent damper in the secondary combustion air nozzle 104. In addition, even when only the branch damper 106 is installed in the air head 105, the flow velocity of the outlet ends of all secondary combustion air nozzles 104 is proportionally decreased or increased according to the opening ratio of the branch damper 106. Most of them are installed in a structure that cannot maintain the jet flow, which is the design value. In addition, even if an independent damper is installed in each of the secondary combustion air nozzles 104, it is manually installed and cannot be automatically controlled.

As a result, the discharge flow rate (jet airflow) of the secondary combustion air, which is one of the basic conditions for 3T (temperature, residence time, turbulence), which is the most important combustion condition in the incinerator combustion efficiency, cannot be maintained and the characteristics of various wastes are also maintained. The response speed of the primary and secondary air volumes to change is often too low to be used in practice.

However, as described above, according to government policy and various practical conditions

Special circumstances have arisen in which wastes with different properties and calorific value are introduced into the waste at the time of incinerator design, and the operating conditions of de-design conditions appearing in the input waste and operating conditions outside the design range are occurring.

     This results in a higher combustion chamber temperature than the designed value and severely affects the efficiency of the device for fire bricks, grate and after-treatment of preventive installations.

Therefore, the characteristics of incinerators or the calorific value of the incinerators input to the incineration plant are large and realistic in most cases, and the characteristics and calorific value of the incinerator are the most direct variables affecting the incinerator outlet temperature and boiler steam generation. Because it works, it should be operated by complementary control method rather than fixed control by any one constant.

And the automatic combustion control method of the conventional general incinerator has various kinds of disposal

Due to the calorific value and the characteristic properties of water, the combustion reaction in the incinerator of off-design rather than the type of combustion at the time of design causes severe fluctuations in the flow field of the combustion gas due to partial phenomena (near combustion occurs at the dry and front ends of the combustion stage). Occurs.

In this case, it is very difficult to maintain the jet flow rate (50m / sec), which is the original design value, because the increase and decrease of the primary and secondary combustion air volume during the operation of the incinerator. In particular, it has a structure which is impossible with the conventional incinerator 1st and 2nd combustion air supply systems (FIG. 1B).

In more detail, when the calorific value of the waste input is increased, water vaporization in the drying stage 110, which is the original combustion system of the incinerator, volatile combustion in the combustion stage 111, and fixing in the post combustion stage 112 are described. General combustion processes such as carbon combustion are ignored and the combustion of waste is performed in the middle of the drying stage 110 and the combustion stage 111 by 80-90%.

In addition, one of the most important variables in the combustion of waste is stable combustion when the waste bed is kept constant, but due to various characteristics, it is difficult to maintain a constant bed.

Therefore, the conventional automatic combustion control system is composed of the first and second combustion air amount and the flow rate value of the nozzle end on the basis of the waste calorific value and characteristics in the design of the incinerator 100. However, the combustion process of the combustion stage and the post-combustion stage is different, the coping capacity is lowered accordingly, the situation is rarely used in actual operation.

In addition, even in the case of the primary combustion air volume, the operation condition under de-design conditions occurs.

In case of inputting the air amount of the measured value, the combustion process in the incinerator (moisture drying + combustion in the drying stage)

Volatile combustion in the stage + fixed carbon combustion in the post-combustion stage) collapses, resulting in rapid combustion in the drying stage, resulting in imbalance.

Particularly, when 80-90% of the waste is combusted in the middle of the drying stage and the combustion stage, the refractory degassing of unburned gas occurs rapidly and the refractory desorption in the upper stage of the drying stage proceeds rapidly and the corrosion of the drying stage grate proceeds rapidly. Problems and side effects that reduce combustion and operating efficiency due to clinker generation in the incinerator.

When this phenomenon occurs, the conventional automatic combustion control system becomes useless because it cannot automatically control the flow rate adjustment of the nozzle tip caused by the change of the first and second combustion air amounts.

According to the secondary combustion air supply control system of the automatic combustion control apparatus of such a conventional general incinerator, the amount of air is increased by adjusting the main damper 102 of the secondary combustion air blower 101 according to the characteristics of the input waste and the amount of heat generated. When there is a need to decrease, when the air volume increases, the flow rate at the end of the secondary combustion air nozzle is a jet stream, but when the air volume decreases, the flow rate at the end of the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 decreases. As a result, the phenomenon decreases proportionally. Conventionally, there is no method of maintaining the flow velocity of the outlet end of each secondary combustion air nozzle 104 in a jet stream.

Therefore, when the air volume decreases, the operation only by adjusting the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 of the secondary combustion air blower 101 is to operate in the incinerator through the formation of a jet stream, which is the design purpose of the original secondary combustion air supply. It does not form the turbulent flow properly, and therefore, the conventional automatic operation control system has a fundamental problem that does not form 3T (temperature, turbulence, residence time) in the combustion chamber.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, by installing the secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for incinerators and by installing a thermometer in the incinerator so that the measured value is interlocked with the main damper of the secondary combustion air supply blower The secondary combustion air supply is automatically adjusted. At this time, even if the secondary combustion air is increased or decreased, the flow rate at the end of the secondary combustion air nozzle is automatically maintained at the jet stream so that the total combustion condition in the secondary combustion chamber is 3T ( Temperature, residence time, turbulence) It is to provide an automatic operation control system for incinerators using secondary combustion air flow rate control dampers for incinerators to keep turbulence formation under combustion conditions, temperature measurement values in incinerators and heat balance programs. have.

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Another object of the present invention is to automatically adjust the amount of secondary combustion air and maintain the flow rate at the end of the secondary combustion air nozzle even more than the jet flow even if the input amount and the calorific value of the waste are different from the existing incinerator design value. The objective is to provide a way to automatically control the various combustion conditions in an incinerator.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a constant value (air ratio, waste calorific value, incinerator heat dissipation, heat load rate, burn load rate) for the existing incinerator design value input through the secondary combustion air automatic flow rate control system and the calorific value of the actual waste injected. Real-time heat balance program that can compare and analyze the amount of waste and waste, and real-time design program that can automatically calculate primary air volume, secondary air volume, incinerator outlet temperature, boiler steam amount, combustion gas amount, combustion chamber residence time, etc. (Realtime basic heat balance design) is compared with the actual operating value to determine the amount of primary combustion air supply, and install the thermometer on the top of the drying stage and the post-combustion stage and use the measured value Automatic control of air distribution and grate control of combustion, combustion and post-combustion stages enables incineration facilities to operate Character education and not through the efficient combustion management

The goal is to build a foundation that can contribute to static facility management.

The incinerator automatic operation control system using the secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for the incinerator according to the present invention for achieving the above object and the temperature measurement value and the heat balance program in the incinerator, the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator Secondary combustion air supply means (automatically controlled damper, bypass damper, flow rate automatic control system) for supplying secondary combustion air to the air; A thermometer for measuring the temperature of the incinerator (the incinerator outlet, the top of the drying stage, and the top of the afterburning stage); An acidity concentration sensor for measuring the oxygen concentration of the boiler; The secondary combustion air supply means and the primary combustion air amount are provided with a real-time heat balance program for the calorific value of the waste and the amount of waste, based on the temperature and oxygen concentration respectively detected by the thermometer and the oxygen concentration sensor in the incinerator. (Dry stage, combustion stage, post-combustion stage air distribution system) and a controller for controlling the grate.

According to the incinerator automatic operation control system using the secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for the incinerator according to the present invention, the temperature measurement value in the incinerator and the heat balance program, the secondary combustion air always maintains a constant jet stream To minimize the recirculation zone and local overheat in the combustion chamber by increasing the residence time and increasing the mixing rate in the optimum combustion conditions (3T: Temperature, Time, Turbulent) It has the effect of inducing complete combustion.

In particular, the present invention by maintaining the secondary combustion air and the flow rate to be supplied to the combustion chamber constant incinerator operation data according to the existing design value and the characteristics of various wastes {incinerator operation value (waste input, primary and secondary combustion) Actual input waste analyzed by heat balance program with reliability of air quantity, grate transfer speed) and output value (incinerator outlet temperature, combustion gas quantity, boiler steam recovery amount, automatic flue gas concentration etc.) The calculated data and the actual operating value of the data can be fed back to the data on the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the incinerator.

In addition, it is possible to operate the incinerator automatically, so that the efficiency of manpower can be improved when operating the incineration plant, and the compatibility with the existing control system is also very high, so no additional device is required.

Incinerator operation data is measured and analyzed in real time, so that it is possible to quickly cope with changes in operating conditions and facility maintenance, and jet flow is formed at the end flow rate of the secondary combustion air nozzle, which is one of the secondary combustion chamber design purposes of the existing incinerator. Therefore, the complete combustion is possible due to the increase of residence time in the combustion chamber, which can reduce the maintenance cost of the incineration facilities such as preventing clinker formation in the incinerator, preventing erosion and dropping of refractory bricks, and reducing the external corrosion rate of the boiler. have.

In addition, the present invention can be applied to various incinerators in common, and can reduce the air cost compared to the existing incinerators, so that the reduction of nitrogen oxides and waste heat recovery efficiency is improved, thereby reducing the generation of carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which is a global warming material. .

1a is a combustion control system of a conventional incinerator
1b is a secondary combustion air supply system of a conventional incinerator
2 is a configuration diagram of an incinerator automatic operation control system using a secondary combustion air flow rate control damper and an incinerator temperature measurement value and a heat balance program according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a detailed configuration of the secondary combustion air flow rate automatic control system according to the present invention.
4 to 6c are flow charts of an incinerator automatic operation control method using a secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for an incinerator according to the present invention, a temperature measurement value in an incinerator, and a heat balance program.
4 is a flowchart of a method for automatically controlling primary combustion air supply,
5 is a flowchart of a grate moving speed control method;
6A-6C are flow charts of a method for automatic regulation of secondary combustion air supply and nozzle end flow rate.

According to the present invention, the combustion control method for the various incinerators and the existing incinerator design value is automatically controlled according to the secondary combustion air flow rate control damper and the temperature value in the incinerator (secondary combustion air volume and nozzle flow rate. However, it is differentiated from the control method through the fixed variable for the design value of the first incinerator, which is the existing automatic control method, by unifying it with the automatic air distribution control of the combustion stage and the post combustion stage.

When comparing the features of the present invention with the prior art and in more detail, looking at the secondary combustion air supply system (Fig. 1b) in the conventional incinerator, the secondary combustion air is connected to the connection flow path connected by the secondary blower (101) Through the supply nozzles (2, 3, 4, 5) installed in the lower combustion chamber of the incinerator 100 is supplied into the incinerator.

In particular, the supply nozzles 2, 3, 4, and 5 are provided with an air head 105, and each secondary combustion air nozzle 104 is provided at regular intervals. The installation position of the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 is installed by selecting the position where contact with the unburned gas generated in the primary combustion chamber is most smooth.

In the condition of the highest contact efficiency with the unburned gas, the flow rate of the air discharged from the end of each secondary combustion air nozzle 104 should be maintained above the jet stream (50 m / sec). Therefore, when the main damper 102 of the secondary combustion air blower 101 is opened 100%, the flow rate of the end of the secondary combustion air nozzle 104 installed in the lower portion of the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator 101 is jetted. It is designed and constructed with airflow of 50-100m / sec or more.

When the input air volume is reduced or increased due to the change in the opening rate of the main damper 102 when the waste is input different from the existing incinerator design value, the flow rate of each secondary combustion air nozzle 104 is increased or decreased proportionally. There is a disadvantage in that it does not form a jet stream.

In this case, even if the existing incinerator automatic control system is operated, it is difficult to maintain 3T (temperature, residence time, turbulence), which is a complete combustion condition, due to the reduction of secondary combustion air discharge flow rate in the combustion chamber. Most of them fall or are practically impossible to use.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 2 and 3, according to the present invention, according to the incinerator automatic flow control damper and the incinerator automatic operation control system using the temperature measurement value in the incinerator,

In the first step, the real-time heat balance program required for the input of other wastes and the existing design values installed in the distributed control system (DCS) of the integrated control room shows the incinerator's initial Since design factors such as air ratio (primary and secondary combustion air volume), image load rate, and combustion chamber heat load rate, which are design values, are changed, a correction value is required. Therefore, the present invention is installed so that the existing heat balance program can be operated in conjunction with the distributed control system (DCS) which is an automatic control program of the incinerator comprehensive control room that can be analyzed in real time, and the incinerator driver inputs the existing incinerator design value and real time input. Comparing and analyzing the design value of the waste is to calculate the amount of primary combustion air supplied into the incinerator to be automatically controlled in conjunction with the main damper 302 of the primary combustion air supply blower (see Fig. 4). The Passion Acid program outputs outputs including primary and secondary combustion air, combustion exhaust gas, and incinerator's expected exit temperature based on input values including incinerator design waste calorific value, waste volume, excess air cost, and incinerator loss heat. In the incinerator, well-known common ones are used.

The primary combustion air supply means is branched from the primary combustion air main pipe (80) and the primary combustion air main pipe (80) for supplying the primary combustion air to the primary combustion chamber and the primary combustion air in the incinerator. Primary combustion for opening and closing the first to third branch pipes 81, 82, 83, and the primary combustion air main pipe 80, which are supplied to the 71, the combustion stage 72, and the post combustion stage 73, respectively. It consists of the 1st-3rd dampers 81a, 82a, 83a which open and close the air main damper 80a, and the 1st-3rd branch pipes 81, 82, 83, respectively.

In addition, when the primary combustion air amount is automatically controlled, the amount of air allocated to the first to third dampers 81a, 82a, and 83a of the drying stage 71, the combustion stage 72, and the post combustion stage 73 according to the value thereof is determined. Automatic control

Looking at the control system for the fire layer (waste thickness) and agitation of the waste introduced by interlocking the measured values according to the situation of combustion by the automatically supplied primary air, the drying stage 71, the combustion stage 72, after The first damper 81a below the drying stage 71, the second damper 82a below the combustion stage 72, and the third below the post combustion stage 73 for controlling the grate transfer speed of the combustion stage 73. Automatically controls the damper 83a in conjunction with the output values output from the drying stage side and post combustion stage thermometers 63 and 64 installed above the drying stage 71 and the post combustion stage 73 according to the primary combustion air automatic control. Do it. Automatic control of the grate feedrate is shown in FIG. 5.

In a second step, referring to the automatic regulation control program of the secondary combustion air supply amount and the nozzle end flow rate, as shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of secondary combustion air nozzles 201 are connected to one secondary through the air head 202. It is configured to be connected to the combustion air main pipe (203), the secondary combustion air main pipe (203) and the main damper (203a) and the flow control damper 204 to maintain the flow rate of the secondary combustion air and to control the flow rate The secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is provided with a flow rate control damper 205, respectively.

The flow rate control dampers 205 are configured to automatically open and close, respectively, using an automatic motor as a drive source. The flow rate control damper 205 is an on / off valve, and the plurality of secondary combustion air nozzles 201 are secondary by, for example, the entire opening or closing, or only the odd or even rows are opened (or closed). Adjust the flow rate of combustion air.

The flow rate control damper 205 regulates the flow rate by opening or closing the flow path of the secondary combustion air nozzle 201, and withstands high temperature and positive pressure in the incinerator even if the secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is closed for the flow rate control. One or more air holes 205a are perforated to allow this. Since the air hole 205a has a small cross sectional area, it does not significantly change the supply amount of the secondary air.

In addition, by supplying a bypass damper 207 to the air head 202 to discharge more air than the amount of air required for combustion of waste in the incinerator or more fine air, the remaining air is discharged to the outside. To do the job of

The flow rate control damper 205 is divided into a dry end side and a post-combustion end side in preparation for a partial burning phenomenon which may occur during combustion of other wastes by the existing incinerator design value. Opening and closing of the combustion air nozzle 201 may be controlled differently. The secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is installed along the circumference of the secondary combustion chamber in plan view, and the secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is the drying end of the primary combustion chamber because the secondary combustion chamber is located above the primary combustion chamber. And post combustion stage. That is, the secondary combustion air nozzle is divided into a dry end side secondary combustion air nozzle and a post combustion end side secondary combustion air nozzle, and the controller controls the number of opening and closing of the secondary combustion air nozzle and the post combustion end side secondary combustion air nozzle. By controlling the supply amount of the secondary combustion air to the drying stage and the post combustion stage.

To automatically adjust the flow control damper 204 based on the measured value measured by the incinerator outlet thermometer 401 installed in the secondary combustion chamber and the oxygen (O ₂ ) concentration sensor 45 installed at the rear end of the waste heat boiler. Configure.

In order to maintain a constant jet air flow in each of the secondary combustion air nozzles 201, the cross-sectional area of each secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is obtained and supplied. To compare and determine the amount of air to be supplied (the amount of air supplied through the secondary combustion air blower 206 with the flowmeter 33) to open and close the required flow rate control damper 205 as needed. And the excess combustion air amount according to the increase or decrease of the combustion air amount in the incinerator is configured by a proportional control method (PLC) that can be discharged through the bypass (by pass) damper 207.

In general, incinerators are often characterized by various wastes in the primary combustion chamber, such as partial combustion (when the combustion in the drying stage or a large amount of combustion in the post-combustion stage). In the present invention, the drying end side and the post combustion end side thermometers 63 and 64 are respectively installed on the upper end of the drying stage 71 and the upper end of the post combustion stage 73, and the dry end side and the post combustion end side thermometers 63 and 64, respectively. To predict the combustion state in the primary combustion chamber on the basis of the output value of), and the measured value is linked to each flow control damper 205 to supply more secondary combustion air to the part with a large amount of unburned gas. The flow rate regulating damper 205 of the secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is opened and, on the contrary, the portion having a small amount of unburned gas is configured by an automatic control method such that the flow rate regulating damper 205 of the secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is opened less. Automatic control to respond in real time according to the combustion characteristics in the primary combustion chamber. As described above, a method for automatically adjusting the secondary combustion air supply amount and the nozzle end flow rate is shown in the flowcharts of FIGS. 6A to 6C.

By integrating these two control systems (CACS) together,

Applying the existing Heat Balance program to the input of other wastes, comparing the existing incinerator design value with the design value of the waste input in real time, and based on this comparison, the amount of primary combustion air supplied into the incinerator Is automatically controlled by interlocking with the main damper 80a of the primary combustion air supply blower 302, and then the first condition for maintaining 3T (temperature, turbulence, residence time) combustion conditions in the secondary combustion chamber. Each flow control damper 204 and the flow rate control damper 205 are installed to maintain the supply of secondary combustion air more than the jet stream (50m / sec), and the control method is automatically configured to burn in the first stage. By controlling various combustion phenomena according to conditions automatically in two stages, there is an advantage to maintain complementary functions.

63, 64: dry end side thermometer, post combustion end side thermometer
80: primary combustion air main pipe, 81,82,83: branch pipe
81a, 82a, 83a: damper,
201: secondary combustion air nozzle, 202: air head
203: secondary combustion air main pipe, 204: flow control damper
205: flow rate control damper, 206: secondary combustion air blower
207: Bypass Damper
401: outlet thermometer, 45: oxygen concentration sensor

Claims (7)

From the inlet of the waste, a drying stage 71, a combustion stage 72, and a post-combustion stage 73 are sequentially formed in communication with the primary combustion chamber and the upper combustion chamber, and unburned waste is discharged from the primary combustion chamber. An outlet thermometer (401) installed at an outlet side of the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator composed of a secondary combustion chamber for burning with a car;
A drying stage thermometer (63) installed above the drying stage of the incinerator;
A post-combustion stage thermometer (64) installed above the post-combustion stage of the incinerator;
An oxygen concentration sensor 45 connected to an outlet side of the incinerator and measuring an oxygen concentration in the boiler to recover waste heat generated in the incinerator;
Secondary combustion air supply means for supplying secondary combustion air to the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator;
Based on input values including the design waste calorific value, waste volume, excess air ratio, and incinerator loss, the known enthusiastic acid outputs output values including primary and secondary combustion air volume, combustion exhaust gas volume, and incinerator expected exit temperature. and a controller for controlling the flow rate and flow rate of the secondary combustion air by controlling the secondary combustion air supply means based on the temperature and oxygen concentration respectively detected by the outlet thermometer and the oxygen concentration sensor. and,
The secondary combustion air supply means,
The secondary combustion air main pipe 203 for receiving and transporting the secondary combustion air from the secondary combustion air blower 206, branched from the air head 202 connected to the outlet side of the secondary combustion air main pipe and secondary A plurality of secondary combustion air nozzles 201 for introducing combustion air into the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator, a flow control damper 204 for adjusting the opening degree of the secondary combustion air main pipe, and the plurality of secondary combustion air nozzles And a bypass damper 207 for discharging secondary combustion air remaining in the air head 202.
The controller calculates the first and second combustion air, the amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the estimated exit temperature of the incinerator by 1 hour using waste calorific value, waste amount, excess air ratio, and incinerator loss heat value as input values.
Flow rate of secondary combustion air (V) = Q / A
(Q = secondary combustion air quantity value, A = m × A '; m is the number of secondary combustion air nozzles, A' is the area per one secondary combustion air nozzle, V is the velocity setting value of the secondary combustion air) The flow rate of the secondary combustion air is kept constant by determining the number of ON / OFF of the flow rate control damper according to the increase or decrease of the amount of secondary combustion air that is changed according to the combustion situation in the incinerator.
By using the detection value of the incinerator outlet thermometer 401 for measuring the temperature in the incinerator, the temperature in the incinerator is 950 ° C. or less and the oxygen concentration detection value of the oxygen concentration sensor 45 is 6-8%. An incinerator automatic operation control system using a secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for an incinerator, a temperature measurement value in an incinerator, and a passion mountain program, wherein the secondary combustion air amount is controlled through an opening of a flow control damper. The method of claim 1, wherein the flow rate control damper is formed with one or more air holes (205a) to allow air to pass through when closing the secondary combustion air nozzle, characterized in that configured to withstand high temperature and positive pressure in the incinerator Incinerator automatic operation control system using secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for incinerator, temperature measurement in incinerator and heat balance program. The secondary combustion air nozzle of claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary combustion air nozzle 201 is disposed above the drying stage and the post combustion stage of the primary combustion chamber along the circumference of the secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator. A nozzle and a post combustion end side secondary combustion air nozzle, wherein the controller compares the detected temperature of the dry end side thermometer (63) and the post combustion end side thermometer (64) with a reference temperature and the dry end side secondary combustion air nozzle and The incinerator automatic operation control system using the secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for the incinerator, the temperature measurement value in the incinerator and the passion acid program, characterized in that the number of opening and closing of the secondary combustion air nozzle of the after-burning stage is adjusted differently. The method of claim 3, wherein the primary combustion air main pipe 80 for supplying the primary combustion air, branched from the primary combustion air main pipe and supplies the primary combustion air to the drying stage, the combustion stage and the post combustion stage, respectively The first to third branch pipes 81, 82, 83, a primary combustion air control damper 80a for opening and closing the primary combustion air main pipe, and a first opening and closing the first to third branch pipes, respectively. It comprises a third damper (81a, 82a, 83a) comprises a primary combustion air supply means for supplying air to the drying stage, the combustion stage and the post-combustion stage of the incinerator, respectively, wherein the controller is the The secondary combustion air flow rate control damper for the incinerator, and the temperature measurement value and the passion acid program for the incinerator, characterized in that the opening and closing of the first to third dampers are controlled by comparing the temperature detected by the combustion stage thermometer with the reference temperature. Incinerator automatic operation control system. delete delete delete

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