KR100983950B1 - Precision roll turning lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a precision roll lathe that enables high precision machining of three-dimensional patterns, such as a triangular pyramid, on the surface of the roll. In order to cut the spiral groove on a roll, the bit mounting base 33 is provided with the bit pivot axis (A-axis) which turns a bit so that the cutting surface of the blade edge of the bit 36 may become perpendicular to the direction of the spiral groove. .

Description

Precision Roll Lathes {PRECISION ROLL TURNING LATHE}

The present invention relates to a precision roll lathe that can process a concave-convex pattern arranged vertically and horizontally in a triangular weight or square weight on the outer circumferential surface of the roll.

Machine tools for processing rolls include roll grinding machines and roll lathes. The roll grinding machine is equipped with a headstock, a tailstock, and a carriage, and a grinding grindstone is provided in the carriage.

In a conventional roll grinding machine, in addition to the process of grinding the outer peripheral surface of a roll with a grindstone, the groove is processed on the outer peripheral surface. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-94239 discloses a roll grinding machine in which a groove processing apparatus having a cutting saw blade for cutting a groove is provided on a carriage.

A roll shelf is a shelf in which a bit mount with diamond bits is mounted on a carriage. The basic method is to process the groove in the circumferential direction by rotating the roll on the main shaft and feeding the carriage in the front-back direction (X-axis). In the case of machining the groove in the axial direction, the groove can be made in the axial direction by moving the carriage to the left and right direction (Z axis) at high speed while indexing the roll by the main shaft (C axis). .

In recent years, ultra-precision machining with lathes has been realized with advances in machine control technology. This makes it possible to process a metal mold for molding an optical lens even on a lathe. For example, the present applicant has proposed a winning plate for processing a die for Fresnel lens molding (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-358624). In this standing lathe, the V-shaped lens groove of the Fresnel lens forming die can be processed with high accuracy.

However, with the spread of liquid crystal displays, the demand for lens sheets used for backlighting of liquid crystal panels is increasing. Lens sheets of this kind include lenticular lens sheets, cross lenticular lens sheets, prism sheets, and the like, in addition to the Fresnel lens described above.

In recent years, molding of a lenticular lens sheet, a cross lenticular lens sheet, and a prism sheet by extrusion molding has been studied using a transfer roll.

In the case of the transfer roll for a lenticular lens sheet, since the circumferential groove should be precisely processed to a fixed pitch on the outer peripheral surface of a roll, it can also process with a conventional roll lathe.

In contrast, in the case of a transfer roll for a cross lenticular lens sheet or a prism sheet, a pattern having a square weight (square pyramid) and a triangle weight (triangular pyramid) shape must be processed.

Among these, in order to process the shape pattern of a square weight, cutting the circumferential groove and the axial groove longitudinally and horizontally on the surface of a roll is examined. Moreover, as a method of processing the shape pattern of a triangular weight, processing combining the groove extended in the circumferential direction and the groove extended in the helical shape is examined on the outer peripheral surface of a roll. However, in the conventional roll lathe, these ultra-precision processes could not be coped well.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a precision roll lathe that solves the problems of the prior art and enables processing of a three-dimensional pattern such as a triangular pyramid on the surface of the roll with high precision.

As described above, according to the present invention, a pattern in which a triangular pyramid continues vertically and horizontally can be processed by a roll processing in which a spiral groove and a horizontal groove are combined in a roll. When the triangular pyramid is processed, the B axis of the cutting edge swing table has a function of correcting and positioning the position of the end of the blade in addition to indexing, so that a precise machining surface of the spiral groove can be obtained.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, while holding the bed and one end of the roll (work) is installed on the bed with a chuck to impart rotation to the roll, indexing the circumferential material A headstock having an index axis (C-axis) for executing a headstock, a tailstock disposed on the bed opposite the headstock to support one end of the roll so as to be free to rotate, and a lengthwise direction of the roll (Z). A saddle mounted on the bed to move the shaft, a table mounted on the saddle to move in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roll (X axis), and a bit attached to the table and having a bit attached thereto. A pivot wheel having a swing table having a mounting table, wherein the bit mounting table pivots the bit so that the cutting surface of the blade edge of the bit is perpendicular to the direction of the spiral groove for cutting the spiral groove on the roll. A axis It is characterized by having).

According to this invention comprised as mentioned above, the pattern by which a triangular pyramid continues vertically and horizontally can be processed by the roll process which combines the spiral groove and the horizontal groove on a roll. In the case of processing a triangular pyramid, in addition to the indexing action in the B axis of the cutting edge swing table, the blade tip has a function of correcting and positioning the end of the blade, so that a precise machining surface of the spiral groove can be obtained.

(Example)

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of a precision roll lathe according to the present invention will be described.

1 is a side view showing a precision roll lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of the same precision roll lathe.

1 and 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a bed. The headstock 12, tailstock 14, and the carriage 16 are disposed on the bed 10. The workpiece | work which is the raw material W is a roll-shaped roll, and is supported by the main shaft 12 and the tail stock 14 so that it can rotate freely.

The headstock 12 is disposed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the bed 10. This spindle 12 includes a main body 17, a spindle 18, a chuck 19 attached to the tip of the spindle 18, and a servomotor 20 for driving the spindle 18. do. The main shaft 18 is supported by an oil pressure bearing not shown which is built in the main body 17. The chuck 19 grips the axis of the workpiece W and transmits the rotation of the main shaft 19 to the workpiece. In this spindle 12, the servomotor 20 drives the spindle 18 to rotate the workpiece W at high speed. In addition, the spindle 12 detects the amount of rotation of the servomotor 20 by the encoder 22 and controls the amount of rotation of the servomotor 20, thereby executing an index in the circumferential direction of the workpiece W. A function as an index axis (C axis) to be added is added. In addition, as a bearing of the spindle 12, in addition to a hydrostatic bearing, an air bearing and a mechanical bearing may be sufficient.

Next, the tailstock 14 is disposed on the bed 10 opposite the headstock 12. A guide surface (not shown) is provided on the upper surface of the bed 10 so that the tail stock 14 can be moved. The tailstock 14 has a main shaft 23 instead of the conventional general tail compression, and is supported by the chuck 25 attached to the main shaft 23 so as to be able to freely rotate the shaft of the roll W as a material. . The tailstock 14 is similar to the main shaft 12 except that the tailstock 14 does not have a servomotor.

Next, the carriage 16 is demonstrated.

The carriage 16 includes saddles 26 mounted on the bed 10 to be able to move in the axial direction of the roll W. As shown in FIG. On this saddle 26, a table 28 is provided to be able to move in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the roll W. As shown in FIG. In the precision roll lathe of this embodiment, the axis feeding the saddle 26 is the Z axis, and the axis feeding the table 28 on the saddle 26 is the X axis.

3 is a view showing the pivot table 30 with the cover type removed from the bed 10 or the saddle 26. 4 shows a cross section of the pivot table 30. The pivot 30 according to the present embodiment includes a pivot main body 31.

The bit mounting table 33 is attached to the top plate 32 of the swing table 30 in such a manner as to be detachable. The bit mount 33 is unitized in a structure in which the bit holder 34, the bearing 35, the reducer 37, and the servomotor 38 are integrated, and the bit mount 33 is mounted on the top plate 32. It can be attached or detached from the

The bit holder 34 holds a diamond bit 36. The shaft of the bit holder 34 is supported by the bearing 35 so as to be free to rotate. The output shaft of the reduction gear 37 is connected to this bearing 35, and the servomotor 38 is connected to the input shaft. Thus, the rotation of the servomotor 38 is decelerated in the reducer 37 and transmitted to the bit holder 34. As will be described later, an A-axis that turns the diamond bit 36 under the control of the servomotor 38 is configured.

In FIG. 4, the main shaft 40 is provided inside the swing table main body 31. The main shaft 40 is supported by the thrust bushing 41 and the radial bushing 42 so as to be free to rotate. In this embodiment, a gap of about 15 μm is formed between the thrust bushing 41 and the lower end surface of the main shaft 40 and the radial bushing 42 and the main shaft 40, respectively, and the thrust load of the main shaft 40 The air static pressure bearing which supports a radial load by high pressure air is comprised. It may be a hydrostatic bearing instead of an air static bearing. The top plate 32 is connected to the main shaft 40.

The drive shaft 50 is coaxially attached to the top plate 32. The rotor 51a of the servomotor 51 is fixed to this drive shaft 50, whereby a built-in type servomotor 51 is built together with the stator 51b by the pivot table main body 31. It is assembled inside. As the drive shaft 50 is driven to rotate by the servomotor 51, the B-axis that turns the bit mount 33 together with the top plate 32 and indexes the diamond bit 36 of the bit mount 33 is Consists of.

In FIG. 3, the upper surface of the saddle 26 extends an X-axis guide rail 43 having a guide surface formed in an inverted V shape, and the X-axis guide rail 43 has a plurality of rollers held by retainers. Arranged finite roller bearings 44 are arranged. Similarly, a Z-axis guide rail 45 with a guide surface formed in an inverted V-shape extends on the upper surface of the bed 10, and the Z-axis guide rail 45 is also provided with a finite roller bearing 46. .

On the other hand, the Z-axis feed drive for feeding the saddle 26 and the X-axis feed drive for feeding the table 28 on which the swing table 30 is mounted are constituted by a linear motor. In Fig. 3, reference numeral 47 denotes a row of permanent magnets constituting the linear motor of the X-axis feed mechanism, and 48 denotes a row of permanent magnets extending in parallel with the Z-axis guide rail 42.

In Fig. 4, reference numeral 52 denotes an NC device. The NC device 52 numerically controls the X, Z, A, B, and C axes. In the case of the A-axis, a position control loop is formed by the A-axis servo mechanism 54 and the encoder 53 which detects the rotation angle of the diamond bit 36, and the command from the NC device 52 The servo motor 38 is controlled so that the position feedback from the encoder 53 is compared and the cutting surface of the diamond bit 36 becomes the commanded angle. Moreover, also about the B axis, the B axis servo mechanism 57 and the encoder 56 form a position control loop, and the B axis which makes the main shaft 40 have the function of an index axis is comprised.

Next, the roll processing using the precision roll lathe comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.

FIG. 5 shows the position of the blade tip of the diamond bit 36 in the case of processing a groove on the surface of the roll W, and FIG. 6A shows the relative of the circumferential groove 60 and the blade tip of the diamond bit 36. It is a figure explaining a positional relationship.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when cutting the groove 60 in the circumferential direction, the cutting face 36a of the diamond bit 36 is perpendicular to the groove direction F. As shown in FIG. In the conventional roll lathe, when indexing a bit, it is common that the relationship of the cutting surface of a bit and a groove | channel is fixed as mentioned above.

However, in FIG. 6A, when the direction of the cutting surface of the diamond bit 36 remains as it is, when it tries to cut a groove in a spiral shape while conveying to Z-axis, rotating the roll W, precision processing cannot be performed.

In the bit mounting table 33 of this embodiment, since there is an A-axis that indexes the cutting surface direction of the diamond bit 36, as shown in Fig. 6B, the diamond bit 36 is rotated accurately according to the instruction, and the diamond bit is precisely rotated. The cutting surface 36a of (36) can be made orthogonal to the direction F of the spiral groove 61. Thereby, the precise process surface of the spiral groove 61 can be obtained.

Next, what is shown in FIG. 7 is the uneven | corrugated pattern by which the so-called triangular pyramid which is a triangular weight, which is processed to a roll using the A-axis function of the bit mounting stand 33 as mentioned above is arranged longitudinally and horizontally. In this embodiment, the transfer roll used for extrusion molding of a prism sheet is processed by processing the uneven pattern of the triangular pyramid on the roll surface. Such a triangular pyramid pattern is basically processed by combining the first V-shaped spiral groove 64, the second spiral groove 65, and the V-shaped horizontal groove 62 extending while being rotated in opposite directions to each other. In this embodiment, the twist angles of the first spiral groove 64 and the second spiral groove 65 are the same.

Thus, the machining of the first spiral groove 64 will be described. In Fig. 8A, the roll W is rotated in the direction of the arrow, and the diamond bit 36 is processed while the diamond bit 36 is transferred in the axial direction of the roll. That is, the cutting surface of the diamond bit 36 of the bit mounting table 33 is perpendicular to the first or line groove 64 by the A axis, and rolls to the servomotor 20 of the spindle 12. Rotate (W). Then, the first spiral groove 64 can be turned by causing the diamond bit 36 to pierce the roll W, and then transfer the carriage 16 by the Z axis. Thereafter, the first spiral groove 64 may be continuously processed in the same manner while sequentially indexing the machining start position on the C axis.

Next, to process the second spiral groove 65, the roll is reversed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8B, and the roll W is rotated by the spindle 12 as in the case of the first spiral groove 64. The second spiral groove 65 of the reverse rotation and the first spiral groove 64 can be machined to intersect the first spiral groove 64.

In this way, after processing the 1st spiral groove 64 and the 2nd spiral groove 65 continuously, the horizontal groove 62 is processed as shown in FIG. 8C. In the processing of the transverse groove 62, instead of the bit mounting platform 33 used for the processing of the spiral groove, the swing mounting table 30 includes a bit mounting table 70 having a fly cutter spindle device 71 as shown in FIG. 9. Attach to and cut.

In Fig. 9, one side of the top plate 32 is attached so that the bit mount 70 of a type different from the bit mount 33 is detachable. The fly cutter spindle device 71 is supported by the bracket 72 fixed to the bit mount 70. In this other type of bit holder 70, a plurality of diamond bits 36 'are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction by bit holders of a semi-cylindrical shape. A counterweight 74 is provided on the upper surface of the bit mounting table 70 to balance the weight of the fly cutter spindle device 71.

The fly cutter spindle device 71 includes a main body portion 71a, a servomotor 75, and a cutter holder 76 to which a fly cutter 77 is attached. Inside the main body portion 71a, a cutter spindle (not shown) is supported by an air bearing, and the cutter spindle is driven directly by the servomotor 75 to rotate at high speed. The cutter holder 76 attached to the tip of the cutter spindle is a disc-shaped cutter holder for increasing the circumferential speed. On the outer circumferential portion of the cutter holder 76, one fly cutter 77 made of diamond bits is held. In this case, the cutter spindle apparatus 71 supports the cutter spindle in a posture perpendicular to both the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and rotates the fly cutter 77 at high speed in the X-Z plane. The blade tip of the diamond bit 36 ′ attached to the bit mount 70 is in the same plane as the rotating X-Z plane of the fly cutter 77. Thus, since the fly cutter spindle apparatus 71 is provided in the bit mounting stand 70, the horizontal groove 62 can be processed as follows.

That is, the fly cutter spindle apparatus 71 is indexed by B axis | shaft, and the circumferential position which should process the lateral groove 62 of the roll W is indexed by C axis | shaft.

Then, the fly cutter spindle device 71 is driven to rotate the fly cutter 77 in the X-axis direction while rotating at a high speed. And the horizontal groove 62 is cut | disconnected by the fly cut method, conveying the carriage 16 by Z-axis. Since the fly cutter 77 can be processed while giving an ideal cutting speed (about 300 m / min), the horizontal groove 62 can be processed with high precision. Subsequently, the horizontal groove 62 is continuously processed at a constant pitch while the roll W is indexed in the C-axis so as to pass through portions where the spiral grooves 64 and 65 cross (see FIG. 8C).

As mentioned above, by using the bit mounting stand 33 and the bit mounting stand 70, the uneven | corrugated pattern of the triangular pyramid as shown in FIG. 7 can be processed to the roll surface by one roll lathe, and the extrusion molding of a prism sheet Even a product that requires ultra-precision processing, such as a transfer roll to be used, can be processed.

1 is a side view of a precision roll lathe according to one embodiment of the invention,

2 is a plan view of the copper precision roll lathe,

3 is a perspective view of a cutting edge revolving table provided with the precision roll lathe;

4 is a partial cross-sectional front view of a cutting edge pivot of the same precision roll lathe,

5 is a view showing the attitude of the end of the bit blade when machining the circumferential groove in the roll,

6A and 6B are views for explaining the operation of the A axis for turning the bits;

Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the uneven pattern of the triangular pyramid processed by the precision roll lathe of the present invention;

8, 8B and 8C are explanatory diagrams of a procedure of processing a triangular pyramid;

9 is a partial cross-sectional front view of the cutting blade revolving table in which a bit mounting table for machining an axial groove on a roll is replaced.

Claims (4)

With bed 10, The circumferential direction of the raw material W together with the main shaft 18 which is provided on the bed 10 and holds one end of the raw material roll W with the chuck 19 and imparts rotation to the roll W. A headstock 12 having an index axis (C axis) for indexing, A tailstock 14 disposed on the bed 10 opposite to the headstock 12 and supporting one end of the roll W to be free to rotate; A carriage 16 having saddles 26 mounted on the bed 10 to move the roll in the longitudinal direction (Z axis); A table 28 provided on the saddle 26 so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (X axis) of the roll W, It is provided on this table 28, and is provided with a turntable 30 having a bit mount 33 to which a diamond bit 36 is attached, In order to cut the spiral groove 61 of the V-shaped cross section extending spirally to the roll W, the bit mounting table 33 is a spiral groove (the cutting surface 36a of the blade end of the diamond bit 36). Index the direction of the cutting surface 36a of the diamond bit so as to be perpendicular to the direction of 61, so that the cutting surface 36a of the diamond bit 36 is perpendicular to the direction of the spiral groove 61. And a bit pivot axis (A axis) for positioning the diamond bit. 2. The bit mounting base (33) according to claim 1, wherein the bit mounting table (33) freely rotates the servo motor (38) as a driving source, the bit holder (34) holding the diamond bit (36), and the axis of the bit holder (34). And a reducer (37) for slowing down and transmitting the rotation of the servomotor (38) to the shaft of the bit holder (34). According to claim 1, wherein the Z-axis guide rail 45 is formed with an inverted V-shaped guide surface for guiding the transfer of the carriage 6, a plurality of rollers on the upper surface of the bed 10 in parallel with the Z-axis Precision roll lathe characterized in that it consists of arranged finite roller bearings (46). The precision roll lathe according to claim 1, wherein the feed drive of the X-axis and the Z-axis is each made of a linear motor.

Images